Abstract: A method for manufacturing a root section of a wind turbine blade includes assembling a mold having an inner cylinder segment, an outer cylinder segment, and a bottom flange, wherein a radial space is defined between the inner and outer cylinders. Root hub connectors are attached circumferentially around the bottom flange so that the root hub connectors extend axially into the radial space. A first cartridge of pultruded rods is loaded into the space, wherein the first cartridge includes a plurality of first pultruded rods arranged adjacent to the inner cylinder segment. The space is sealed, for example with a lid or top flange, and the space is evacuated. A resin is infused into the space so that the resin migrates through the radial space between the pultruded rods, and is then cured. The root section is then removed from the mold. A wind turbine blade root section formed by the method is encompassed by the invention.

Abstract: A lift-driven wind turbine has a turbine rotor with blades mounted to the turbine shaft by two struts hinged to the shaft and each blade to form a four-bar linkage. The blades' airfoil cross section generates lift that rotates the blades around the axis in the presence of a prevailing wind. The airfoil chord forms a geometric angle of attack ?G relative to the tangent of the blade path and the struts orient the blades with an outward tilt angle ?. The turbine is designed with values of ?G and ? that cause the lift generated by each blade to have an upward component that supports the blade against the force of gravity and a mean radially inward component that substantially balances centrifugal forces on the blade. Wind turbines designed according to the principles disclosed herein facilitate the construction of free-floating utility scale wind turbines for deep water installations.

Abstract: An example system includes a ground station, an aerial vehicle, a tether, a probe, and a control system. The tether includes a core having a strength member as well as an electrical conductor that is wound around the core. The probe is attached to the strength member so that the probe is able to measure an electrical property of at least a portion of the strength member. The control system is configured to measure the electrical property along the strength member at a predetermined measurement rate and also determine that the electrical property is outside a predetermined range. Based on the electrical property, damage to the tether core can be assessed.

Abstract: A load carrying structure (3) for a multirotor wind turbine (1) is disclosed. The load carrying structure (3) comprises a first load carrying arrangement (4) and a second load carrying arrangement (4), and each load carrying arrangement (4) comprises a primary structure (9) and at least two secondary structures (10), the secondary structures (10) extending on opposing sides of the primary structure (9) between an energy generating unit (5) carried by the load carrying arrangement (4) and an attachment point at a tower structure (2). Gravity acting on the energy generating units (5) causes push in the primary structures (9) and pull in the secondary structures (10), thereby causing preload of the secondary structures (10). The load carrying structure (3) is capable of handling thrust loads.

Abstract: Wind turbine, having a tower and a nacelle mounted rotatably around a center axis of the tower on top of the tower, the tower having at least one tower lift for transportation and/or at least one tower climbing means, in particular a ladder, for climbing between the bottom of the tower and at least one tower platform inside the tower which allows access to an access arrangement for the nacelle, characterized in that the access arrangement includes an access platform suspended below a bed frame of the nacelle and rotatable with the nacelle and an access climbing means, in particular stairs, and/or an access lift leading from the access platform to an interior of the nacelle.

Abstract: The invention relates to an access panel configured for fixing to a service aperture in a wind turbine tower wall; wherein the access panel comprises a main panel and an adjacent sub-panel; the sub-panel comprising a bearing surface at an edge thereof; the main panel comprising a reference surface at an edge thereof; the main panel and the sub-panel being abuttable along a common seam; the seam comprising a said sub-panel bearing surface abutting a main panel reference surface; the main panel being dimensioned to close a main region of a tower wall aperture whereas the sub-panel is dimensioned to close a first sub-region of the aperture. The invention includes a method according to which the sub-panel is placed into a tower wall aperture and adjusted to bring its bearing surface into a predetermined position.

Abstract: A wind turbine having a nacelle, with at least one liquid circuit with a coolant, a cooling section for cooling a component of the wind turbine using the coolant, a cooler for cooling the coolant, a piping system for conveying the coolant and an expansion tank for obtaining an operating pressure of the liquid circuit, wherein the expansion tank establishes a pressure in the liquid circuit using static pressure of a liquid column.

Abstract: A device for fastening and/or guiding strand-shaped elements in wind turbines has a retaining body (1; 101) attachable to a carrier structure and a strand-receiving space (9; 109) as a bearing for at least one strand element introduced into it via an opening (29; 111) located on its outer side. The opening (29; 111) can be closed via a cover device (9; 117) having a pressure part (17; 129) movable into a clamping position via an energy storage (51; 137) to exert a retaining force within a clamping region on strand elements located in the strand-receiving space (9; 109). The cover device (9; 117) has a locking device (69; 141) via which the pressure part (17; 129) can be secured against a movement into the clamping position against the effect of the energy storage (51; 137) or released for a clamping movement.

Abstract: Lifting device (10) for vertically lifting liquids, where the lifting device (10) comprises: a lifting line arrangement (18) for guiding a liquid from an open lower reservoir (16) to an upper reservoir (14); a lowering line arrangement (20) for guiding the liquid from the upper reservoir (14) to the lower reservoir (16); a pressure converter (12) with an actuating member (36), the pressure converter (12) being configured to convert a liquid pressure in the lowering line arrangement (20) into a liquid pressure in the lifting line arrangement (18) by means of a substantially linear movement of the actuating member (36); and a pump member (38) for pumping the liquid in the lifting line arrangement (18) towards the upper reservoir (14) and/or for pumping the liquid in the lowering line arrangement (20) towards the pressure converter (12).

Abstract: A cryogenic fluid pump includes an outlet tube extending along the pump centerline, the outlet tube having an outlet passage that is fluidly in communication with the combined outlet and with a pump outlet opening, and a shroud that extends concentrically along the outlet tube and has an inner diameter that is larger than an outer diameter of the outlet tube such that a gap is formed in a radial direction between an inner surface of the shroud and an outer surface of the outlet tube, the gap extending along at least a portion of the outlet tube.

Abstract: Heating oil is delivered to homes and commercial establishments in a regulation-confirming way by using a portable, self-contained, self-powered apparatus which is carried on a lighter weight truck as cargo. The portable apparatus comprises a skid upon which is mounted at one end a tank, a pump, an air-vapor eliminator, a meter subsystem, and a hose reel mounted on a stanchion. A battery power supply powers the pump. Vent lines run to the tank from the vapor eliminator and the pump in what is called a closed system. Apparatus components are arranged to provide a weight distribution lengthwise that is biased toward a one end of the apparatus when the tank is filled with oil. When carried as cargo in a three-quarter ton pickup truck, apparatus with oil weighs less than 1,500 pounds; when carried as cargo in a half ton pickup truck, the apparatus with oil weighs less than 1,000 pounds.

Abstract: A fluid machinery, a heat exchange equipment, and an operating method for the fluid machinery. The fluid machinery includes: an upper flange (50); a lower flange (60); a cylinder (20); a rotating shaft (10), the axis of the rotating shaft (10) being eccentric to the axis of the cylinder (20) and at a fixed eccentric distance; and a piston component (30), the piston component (30) being provided with a variable volume cavity (31). Because the eccentric distance between the rotating shaft (10) and the cylinder (20) is fixed, the rotating shaft (10) and the cylinder (20) rotate around the respective axes thereof during motion, and the position of the center of mass remains unchanged, so that the piston component is allowed to rotate stably and continuously when moving within the cylinder (20); and vibration of the fluid machinery is effectively mitigated.

Abstract: A linear compressor and a refrigerator including a linear compressor are provided. The linear compressor may include a compressor casing connected to each of a suction inlet, through which a refrigerant may be introduced, and a discharge outlet, through which the refrigerant may be discharged, a compressor body mounted within the compressor casing, within which the refrigerant suctioned in through the suction inlet may be compressed due to a linear reciprocating motion of a piston in an axial direction of the compressor casing and discharged into the discharge outlet, and at least one plate spring disposed on each end of the compressor body in the axial direction.

Abstract: An oil separate and collect device (1) has a horizontally elongated container body (2) disposed in a horizontal orientation. A gas inlet (3), through which compressed gas containing oil flows into the container body (2), is located at an upper part on one end side of an interior of the container body (2). A gas outlet (4), through which the compressed gas from which oil has been separated flows out of the container body (2), is located at an upper part on the other end side of the interior of the container body (2). A partition board (5) divides a lower part of the interior of the container body (2) into a first chamber (6) on a gas inlet (3) side and a second chamber (7) on a gas outlet (4) side.

Abstract: A piezoelectric blower includes a housing, top plate, side plate, vibrating plate, piezoelectric element, and cap. The top plate, side plate, and vibrating plate define a blower chamber. The top plate includes a vent hole. The vibrating plate and piezoelectric element constitutes a piezoelectric actuator. The cap includes a wall portion facing the piezoelectric actuator and has a disc-shaped suction port. Here, a central axis of the suction port extending along a thickness direction of the wall portion and a central axis of the piezoelectric element extending along the thickness direction of the wall portion do not coincide with each other. An air channel is provided among the housing, the cap, and a joined structure of the top plate, side plate, and piezoelectric actuator.

Abstract: A device for monitoring a pneumatically-actuated alternating linear displacement pump is provided, and a system for monitoring a pneumatically-actuated alternating linear displacement pump is provided, which include elements for sensing pneumatic pressure, elements for transmitting a signal representative of the sensed pneumatic pressure, and elements for managing the pneumatically-actuated alternating linear displacement pump in accordance with the transmitted signal representative of the sensed pneumatic pressure.

Abstract: A system comprising: a reservoir (14) for holding a liquid (1); a pump (20) arranged to pump the liquid (1) out of the reservoir (14) to a system outlet (24) or into the reservoir (14) from a system inlet; a pressure sensor (34) arranged between the reservoir (14) and the system outlet (24) or between the system inlet and the reservoir (14), the pressure sensor (34) configured to measure the discharge pressure (Pd) of the pump (20) and to generate discharge pressure data; a level sensor (26) configured to detect the level (1) of the liquid (1) in the reservoir (14) and to generate level data; a power monitor (28) configured to monitor the power consumed (p) by the pump (20) and to generate power data; a volume monitor configured to monitor the volume (V) of liquid (1) pumped by the pump (20) and to generate volume data; and a controller (30) configured to: receive the power data, the volume data, the discharge pressure data and the level data; process the discharge pressure data to determine a discharge head

Abstract: A pump assembly (10) that is provided with compressed air to drive the pump. The pump assembly (10) includes a pair of chambers (11, 12), with each of the chambers (11, 12) being divided into sub-chambers (13, 14 and 15, 16). A piston assembly (17) divides the chamber (11) into sub-chambers (13 and 14), while a second piston assembly (18) divides the chamber (12) into sub-chambers (15 and 16).

Abstract: A lightweight gear pump easy to manufacture, having a reduced manufacturing cost, while giving sufficient performances. It consists of: A gear, three metal plates, placed on each other, an intermediate plate of which including an eight-shaped cavity adapted to house the gear, and two peripheral plates having the function of enclosing the gear in the cavity, a circuit for fluid supply to the gear, centering means to align the three plates above each other, the three metal plates being provided with centering holes in the axial direction, adapted to receive the centering means, the device according to the invention is particularly intended for liquid transfer applications for automobiles or heavy trucks.

Abstract: Rotor and/or stator designs and methods thereof to improve progressive cavity motor or pump durability. In one or more implementations, the rotor may have a variable outer diameter or variable stiffness along an axial length thereof. The stator may similarly have a variable inner diameter or variable stiffness, which may compliment or diverge from the variable outer diameter or variable stiffness of the rotor.

Abstract: An electric compressor and a refrigeration device having the same are provided. The electric compressor includes: an electric motor having a stator and a rotor; a compressing mechanism having an eccentric shaft rotatably and slidably connected to the rotor and defining a compressing chamber therein, the compressing chamber being configured to perform a compression by the eccentric shaft; and a torque damping device configured to connect the rotor with the eccentric shaft, in which during the compression of the compressing chamber, a difference between a rotation angle of the eccentric shaft and a rotation angle of the rotor is a phase angle which is increased and decreased.

Abstract: An oil-injected screw air compressor includes a first stage compression chamber, an air buffering chamber, a second stage compression chamber, an oil cooler, a plurality of sensors, and a controller. The air buffering chamber is coupled to the first stage compression chamber. The second stare compression chamber is coupled to the air buffering chamber. The oil cooler cools the lubricating oil for the first stage compression chamber, the air buffering chamber and the second stage compression chamber. The sensors are respectively located at outlets of the first stage compression chamber, the air buffering chamber and the second stage compression chamber. The controller respectively and dynamically controls flow rates of the lubricating oil entering into the first stare compression chamber, the air buffering chamber and the second stage compression chamber according to temperature and pressure data measured by the sensors.

Abstract: An electric compressor includes a compression portion that compresses and discharges a drawn fluid, and a motor of the compression portion. The electric compressor includes an actuator that includes multiple electronic components and drives the motor, a first casing that accommodates the actuator, and a second casing that accommodates the compression portion and the motor. The second casing includes a discharge passage in which a high-temperature fluid compressed by the compression portion flows. A limiting structure that limits the heat transfer from the fluid flowing in the discharge passage is provided between one of the electronic components and the discharge passage. The limiting structure includes a seat portion that defines a gap between a bottom surface of the one of the plurality of electronic components and the discharge passage. According to the electric compressor, the heat transfer from the fluid to the electronic components can be limited.

Abstract: A discharge check valve assembly for a compressor having a discharge opening. The discharge check valve assembly includes a valve body adapted to be positioned at the discharge opening of the compressor. A discharge tube is assembled to the valve body, and a check valve member is disposed in the valve body. In certain embodiments, the check valve member is biased in a closed position by a biasing spring. A weld block member is positioned at an interface between the valve body and the discharge tube, and a first weld couples the discharge tube and the valve body at a first weld point.

Abstract: A pump system comprises a fluid housing, a permanent magnet rotor, and an electric stator. The fluid housing has an axis, an axial inlet, and a radially outer outlet. The permanent magnet rotor is disposed on the axis, within the fluid housing, and has a plurality of perimetrically distributed fins that extend at least partly radially outward. The electric stator is disposed on the axis and within the fluid housing, and is situated adjacent the impeller fins of the permanent magnet rotor, separated from the impeller fins by an axial gap.

Abstract: A water supply system includes a water inlet connection (12), a water outlet connection (28), a centrifugal pump (3), an electric motor (5), an electrical/electronic control and a diaphragm tank (30). The centrifugal pump (3) and the diaphragm tank (30) are arranged above one another and are connected to one another via a construction unit (6). The construction unit (6) includes the water connections (12, 28), the conduit connections between the water connections (12, 28) and the pump (3), as well as a threaded connection piece (29) for the diaphragm tank (30).

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining a use condition of an appliance, such as a sump pump, and outputting an indication of the current use condition of the appliance. A system implementing the method will first generate an actual first signature of a first characteristic associated with the appliance. The system will then generate an actual second signature of a second characteristic associated with the appliance. Each of the actual first and second signatures are then compared to corresponding expected signatures. The system then selects a current use condition from a plurality of use conditions based on the relationship between the actual signatures and the expected signatures.

Abstract: A fan apparatus has a drive circuit for an electrically-driven rotor, and includes a drive signal generating circuit portion for the electrically-driven rotor; an output stage including an upper MOSFET and a lower MOSFET; and a motor portion to be driven by the output stage. One of the upper MOSFET and the lower MOSFET is a braking MOSFET, while another of the upper MOSFET and the lower MOSFET is a non-braking MOSFET. The fan apparatus further includes a back-electromotive force supply portion arranged to supply, to the braking MOSFET, power by a back-electromotive force caused by rotation of the motor portion while a power supply voltage for the electrically-driven rotor is not being supplied; and an electromagnetic brake portion arranged to electromagnetically brake the motor portion by causing the braking MOSFET to enter an ON state through the power supplied by the back-electromotive force supply portion.

Abstract: A wrist fan assembly comprises a band, a bendable telescopic rod and a fan housing. The telescopic rod is attached to the band and the fan housing at each end and provides adjusting means to the fan. The fan housing includes propeller assembly having foam blades and motor connected to the power source. The wrist fan assembly is lightweight and comfortable for daily use.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for determining airflow through a PAP device while applying PAP therapy. The actual speed of a blower 6 is measured. The desired motor current I DES required for the actual speed to approach or maintain a desired speed is used, together with the actual speed RPM ACT, in a flow estimation algorithm to determine flow through the PAP device. The estimation algorithm consists of a two-dimensional look-up table, where the inputs are the desired motor current and actual motor speed, and the output is the flow through the PAP device.

Abstract: A method of controlling a cooling fan in a cooling system in a vehicle includes detecting presence/absence of abnormality in a communication state, measuring an output voltage level of an air-conditioner pressure transducer (APT) sensor when the abnormality in the communication state is detected, determining a cooling fan control condition based on the measured output voltage level, and controlling a cooling fan motor according to the determined cooling fan control condition.

Abstract: A method for inspecting a rotary machine having a flow path through which a fluid flows includes a step of measuring a width of the flow path by a non-contact sensor in a stationary component of the rotary machine at a position facing the flow path; and a step of determining whether or not the measured width of the flow path is less than a predetermined lower limit threshold.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine for an aircraft includes a fan section, a turbine section, a compressor section, and an engine bleed system. The compressor section includes a low compressor stage proximate to the fan section, a high compressor stage axially downstream from the low compressor stage and proximate to the turbine section, and a mid-compressor stage including variable vane assemblies distributed axially between the low and high compressor stage. The engine bleed system includes engine bleed taps with a mid-compressor bleed tap axially between two of the variable vane assemblies, at least one low stage bleed tap axially upstream from the mid-compressor bleed tap, and at least one high stage bleed tap axially downstream from the mid-compressor bleed tap. An external manifold is in pneumatic communication with the mid-compressor bleed tap. A valve system can select one engine bleed tap as a bleed air source for an aircraft use.

Abstract: An impeller assembly for centrifugal pumps has two disk members that have different diameters, are arranged coaxially to a rotation axis and face each other so as to form an interspace; blades are radially arranged in the interspace; the two disk members are also centrally provided with a fastening means for fastening to a transmission shaft, which rotates about the rotation axis. The particularity of the present invention resides in having contoured vanes that protrude radially from the peripheral region of the disk member that has the smallest diameter and are arranged substantially at the blades.

Abstract: A compressor-impeller fixing nut has a tubular shape, and includes: a curved-surface shaped portion disposed in a first range from a first end side in an axial direction, the curved-surface shaped portion having an outer diameter which increases toward a second end side in the axial direction and including an outer peripheral surface having a curved shape which protrudes outward in a radial direction in a cross section along the axial direction; and a nut portion disposed in a second range closer to the second end side from the first range in the axial direction, the nut portion having an outer peripheral surface with a nut shape. An expression (D1max?D1min)/2<L is satisfied, where L is a length of the first range in the axial direction, and D1max is a maximum value and D1min is a minimum value of the outer diameter of the curved-surface shaped portion in the first range.

Abstract: A centrifugal fan with an increased shutoff pressure maintains a negative pressure between a casing and a rotatable disk. The centrifugal fan includes an impeller including a rotatable disk and blades extending vertically from the rotatable disk and arranged radially about an axis of rotation of the rotatable disk toward a rim of the disk, a casing accommodating the impeller and including a base plate at its end face nearer the rotatable disk, and a motor mounted on the base plate externally and including a shaft fixed at a center of the rotatable disk to rotate the impeller. The rotatable disk has reflux holes at positions between inner rims and outer rims of the blades in its radial direction. The reflux holes allow a gas to reflux from between the rotating disk and the base plate inside the impeller as the impeller rotates.

Abstract: A method of making a sheath for an airfoil may include the steps of forming an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, and forming a central portion bonded to the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve. The central portion may be formed by depositing a material on the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve. A portion of the material may be removed from at least one of the central portion, the upper sleeve, or the lower sleeve. The sheath may include a first flank, a central portion bonded to the first flank, and a second flank bonded to the central portion. The central portion may have a substantially uniform microstructure resulting from additive manufacturing.

Abstract: A method of making a fan blade may include the steps of forming a core comprising fibrous material, and placing a first layer of dry fiber tows over the core using a robot. The first layer of dry fiber tows may be substantially un-crimped and may have a thermoplastic coating. A second layer of dry fiber tows may be placed over the first layer of dry fiber tows using the robot. The second layer may be un-crimped and coated similar to the first layer. The core, the first layer, and the second layer may be molded using resin transfer molding. The first layer may be placed over the core in a curved configuration. The core may include a three-dimensionally woven core formed on a loom and/or a plurality of layers of dry fiber tows placed by the robot.

Abstract: An air mover comprising a housing with a top portion is disclosed. A mounting bracket is recessed into the housing through the top portion of the housing. The mounting bracket comprises a plurality of top chords intersecting at a first portion of an inner web and a plurality of bottom chords intersecting at a second portion of the inner web. The mounting bracket also has a base plate coupled to the plurality of bottom chords. A motor is coupled to the base plate of the mounting bracket. An impeller is coupled to the motor. The air mover further comprises a housing cover that has an inlet ring positioned on the top portion of the housing. The housing cover is coupled to the mounting bracket via the mounting flanges and a portion of the inlet ring protrudes into the impeller inlet inside the housing.

Abstract: A sound attenuation apparatus includes a body and a stacked cavity structure. The structure includes a structure inlet formed in the top surface of the body; a passage extending from the structure inlet into the interior of the body to a base surface within the body; a first cavity with a first cavity inlet fluidly coupled to the passage and being formed by a first arm, a first side wall within the interior of the body, and the base surface; and a second cavity with a second cavity inlet fluidly coupled to the passage and being formed by a second arm, the first side wall, and the first arm. Each of the first and second arms extends from the first side wall and includes at least two arm segments oriented at different angles relative to the first side wall longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A portable device for inflating at least one envelope includes an inlet for surrounding air (1), at least one nonreturn valve, at least one compressed gas inlet (2), at least one intake chamber (3), at least one connection, such as an acceleration cone (5), with a longitudinal median symmetry axis (X, X?), arranged in the extension of at least one intake chamber (3), and connected to at least one inflatable envelope, and an intermediate chamber connecting at least one compressed gas inlet (2) to at least one intake chamber (3). The intermediate chamber and the at least one intake chamber (3) are separated by a wall arranged transversely to the axis (X, X?) and connected by at least one orifice located in the transverse wall (8).

Abstract: Venturi devices and systems incorporating the same are disclosed. The Venturi devices include a lower body defining a passageway having a motive section and a discharge section spaced a distance apart from one another to define a first Venturi gap and a second Venturi gap downstream of the first Venturi gap at a position that divides the discharge section into a first portion between the first and second Venturi gaps and a second portion leading away from the second Venturi gap, and include an upper body defining a suction passageway in fluid communication with both the first and second Venturi gaps. The motive section and the discharge section converge toward the first Venturi gap.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic drive (1) comprising a working cylinder (2) and a travel cylinder (3) which is mechanically connected to the working cylinder (2). The working cylinder (2) and the travel cylinder (3) each comprise an upper and a lower cylinder chamber (21, 22, 31, 32), and all four cylinder chambers (21, 22, 31, 32) of the working and travel cylinder (2, 3) are connected to one another in a suitable manner in a closed pressure circuit (4) which is filled and prestressed with a hydraulic fluid (F). A rotational speed-variable hydraulic machine (5) with a first and second pressure connection (51, 52) is arranged in the pressure circuit (4) in order to conduct the hydraulic fluid (F) between the individual cylinder chambers (21, 22, 31, 32) of the working and travel cylinder (2, 3) during the operation (B) of the hydraulic drive (1).

Abstract: A hydraulic lock for a hydraulic system includes a flow control valve and a second check valve. The flow control valve having a first inlet, a first outlet, a first check valve and a flow restrictor, each of the first check valve and the flow restrictor being communicably coupled to the first inlet and the first outlet and being arranged in parallel between the first inlet and the first outlet. The second check valve having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet being communicably coupled to the first outlet, the second check valve further having a ball seating surface having an aperture there through, a ball, and a resilient member biasing the ball towards the ball seating surface to seal the aperture, the aperture being communicably coupled to the second inlet and the second outlet.

Abstract: A hydraulic block includes multiple pairs of actuator ports connectable to a hydraulic actuator and a discharge oil passage for discharging work oil returned from the hydraulic actuator to the outside. The charge oil passage includes a first oil passage corresponding to a predetermined actuator port of all the actuator ports and a second oil passage corresponding to non-predetermined actuator ports other than the predetermined actuator ports. The first oil passage is disposed in parallel with the second oil passage.

Abstract: An example valve includes: a piston movable between a neutral position and an actuated position, wherein in the neutral position: a second port of the valve is fluidly coupled to a first port, and a third port is fluidly decoupled from the second port; a solenoid actuator sleeve movable between an unactuated state and an actuated state, wherein in the actuated state, the solenoid actuator sleeve allows pilot fluid to apply a fluid force on a piston in a distal direction; a first feedback spring; and a second feedback spring disposed in series with the first feedback spring, wherein the first feedback spring and the second feedback spring cooperate to apply a biasing force in a proximal direction on the piston against the fluid force, wherein the piston is configured to move to the actuated position based on a balance between the fluid force and the biasing force.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder tube, a piston, a piston rod, a bearing, and a seal, wherein the seal is configured to allow the flow of the operating liquid from the rod side chamber toward the anti-rode side chamber through the through passage when the pressure in the rod side chamber is higher than the pressure in the anti-rod side chamber.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a fluid pressure cylinder includes inserting the sensor rod into a hole extending in the piston rod, holding the sensor body with respect to the piston rod by using a holding member mounted on the piston rod, inserting the piston rod into the cylinder tube, and fixing the sensor body to the cylinder tube by fixing the holding member to the cylinder tube.

Abstract: A working machine includes a vehicle body, a travel apparatus provided to a rear portion of the vehicle body, a fender provided above the travel apparatus, and hydraulic piping that is disposed between the travel apparatus and the fender and that extends from a front-portion side to a rear-portion side of the fender.

Abstract: The present inventors have recognized that contaminants in hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic system of an off-highway implement can be efficiently filtered by a filtration system of the source of hydraulic power by conducting an operation which controls existing valves for precisely operating cylinders of the system to return the fluid to the source of hydraulic power through a connector with little or no fluid going through cylinders. Such an operation can be advantageously executed immediately following connection of the source of hydraulic power to the manifold of the implement.