Abstract: Processes and an apparatus for reducing heavy oxygenate recycle for an MTO reaction zone. After separating product and water from the MTO reaction effluent, an oxygenate rich stream is passed to a conversion zone in which methanol in the oxygenate rich stream is converted into DME. A DME rich stream is separated from heavy oxygenates and is recycled back to the MTO reaction zone. The conversion zone may include a reactive distillation column, or the conversion zone may include a reactor vessel and a separate separation vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing 1,3-butanediene from a butanediol feedstock that includes: a) A step for esterification of butanediol by a carboxylic acid to form the corresponding diester; b) A step for pyrolysis of the diester effluent obtained from step a); c) A step for distillation fed by at least the carboxylic acid effluent obtained from step a), and producing an aqueous distillate and a carboxylic acid residue; d) A step for drying the carboxylic acid that is fed at least by the carboxylic acid residue obtained from step c) and producing a water effluent and a carboxylic acid product that feeds step a).

Abstract: A process for producing 1,3-butadiene (BD) from ethanol in a single step by s7passing a mixture containing ethanol in a gas phase over a multifunctional catalyst having a transition metal dispersion of at least 30% on a silica metal oxide support. In some examples the multifunctional catalyst comprises a silica metal oxide having a surface area of at least 200 m{circumflex over (?)}2/g. The multifunctional catalyst can include a transition metal oxide, a silica metal oxide made from a high purity silica gel, mesoporous silica and fumed silica, such as high purity SBA16, SBA15, or Davisil grade 646.

Abstract: A composition comprising olefin oligomers of one or more olefin monomers, the olefin monomers comprising a branched C10 olefin monomer comprising i) 3-propyl-1-heptene, ii) 4-ethyl-1-octene, iii) 5-methyl-1-nonene, or iv) any combination thereof. A composition comprising substantially hydrogenated olefin oligomers, wherein the olefin oligomers are oligomers of one or more olefin monomers, the olefin monomers comprising a branched C10 olefin monomer comprising i) 3-propyl-1-heptene, ii) 4-ethyl-1-octene, iii) 5-methyl-1-nonene, or iv) any combination thereof. A process comprising a) contacting 1) a catalyst system and 2) a monomer feedstock comprising a branched C10 olefin monomer comprising i) 3-propyl-1-heptene, ii) 4-ethyl-1-octene, iii) 5-methyl-1-nonene, or iv) any combination thereof in a reaction zone; and b) forming olefin oligomers.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for upgrading hydrocarbon using C4, C5 and C6 streams, and more specifically, to a method for upgrading hydrocarbons using C4, C5 and C6 streams. The method includes the steps of: preparing C4, C5 and C6 streams, which are the products of naphtha catalytic cracking (NCC) process, heavy oil upgrading process, thermal cracking process, or fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC or RFCC) process; oligomerizing the C4, C5 and C6 streams with a catalyst to produce branched unsaturated hydrocarbons; and fractional distillating the branched unsaturated hydrocarbons to separate into C14-18 products or C32-40 products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst system for oligomerizing olefins over a catalyst comprising nickel, to the use of this catalyst and to a method for dimerizing olefins.

Abstract: A process for oligomerization of olefins includes contacting a feedstock with a zeolite catalyst under conditions of oligomerization at pressure between 8-20 bars and temperature in the range of 60-100° C. to obtain oligomers, wherein, the zeolite catalyst has a pentagonal sheet morphology.

Abstract: A process for the combined preparation of at least butene and octene from ethane, proceeds by a) providing an inert solvent having a boiling point or boiling range below the boiling point of butene; b) providing a first feed mixture comprising at least the inert solvent and ethene dissolved therein; c) converting the first feed mixture in a first synthesis; d) in the first synthesis, oligomerizing at least a portion of the ethene present in the first feed mixture in the presence of a first heterogeneous catalyst and in the presence of the inert solvent to obtain a first reaction mixture comprising at least the inert solvent, butene, hexene and octene; e) working-up of the first reaction mixture and/or a substance stream based thereon into a low boiler fraction comprising the inert solvent, at least one C4-fraction comprising butenes, a C6-fraction comprising hexenes, a C8-fraction comprising octenes and into a C8+-fraction comprising hydrocarbons having more than eight carbon atoms; f) using at least a portio

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a selective head-to-head dimerization of conjugated diene compounds by a catalytic process in a reaction medium without solvent or with solvent comprising hydrocarbons, in the presence of a specific additive of the phenol type.

Abstract: A process for producing cumene and/or ethylbenzene from a mixed hydrocarbon feedstream comprising subjecting C6 cut separated from said mixed hydrocarbon feedstream to aromatization to provide an aromatization product stream and subjecting the thus obtained aromatization product stream to alkylation to produce an alkylated aromatic stream.

Abstract: A fluidized bed process for producing para-xylene via toluene and/or benzene methylation with methanol using a dual function catalyst system. A first catalyst accomplishes the toluene and/or benzene methylation and a second catalyst converts the by-products of the methylation reaction or unconverted methylating agent, improves the yields of the desired products, or a combination thereof. The inclusion of the second catalyst can suppress the C1-C5 non-aromatic fraction by over 50% and significantly enhance the formation of aromatics.

Abstract: A process for catalytic dehydrogenation comprising mixing fluidization gas a fluidization gas which comprises methane, natural gas, ethane, hydrogen, nitrogen or any combination thereof with a fluidized catalyst stream that has passed through a catalytic dehydrogenation reactor and has exited a catalyst separation zone to form a catalyst recycle stream; and recycling the catalyst recycle stream either directly or indirectly into a catalytic dehydrogenation reactor is provided.

Abstract: In some embodiments provided herein are processes for controlling carbon dioxide output levels coming from an oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) process. Carbon dioxide output from an ODH process includes that produced in the ODH reaction and carry over when carbon dioxide is used as an inert diluent. Under certain circumstances carbon dioxide can also be consumed in the ODH process by acting as an oxidizing agent. By varying the amount of steam introduced into the ODH process an operator may alter the degree to which carbon dioxide acts as an oxidizing agent. This in turn allows a level of control in the degree to which carbon dioxide is consumed in the process, effecting overall carbon dioxide output. Minimizing the carbon dioxide output provides an opportunity to limit or eliminate the requirement for release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Abstract: Processes for dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon feedstock are described. The process can be run at lower H2/HC ratios and lower RITs while maintaining coke production at the same level as operation at higher H2/HC ratios and higher RITs without decreasing the yield per pass. Acceptable levels of coke were achieved when operating the process at low hydrogen to hydrocarbon molar ratio in the range of 0.01 to 0.40 and reactor inlet temperatures in the range of 500°-645° C. The process uses a low coke catalyst.

Abstract: Large pill dehydrogenation catalysts and large screens slot width are combined in dehydrogenation units to reduce the pressure drop across the catalyst bed and reactor screens compared to conventional screen and catalyst size combinations. The catalyst has an average pill diameter in the range of 1.6 mm to 3.0 mm, and the slot width of the screen is in the range of about 30% to about 60% of the pill diameter.

Abstract: A method for producing butadiene comprises a step of obtaining a product gas containing butadiene, by feeding a raw-material gas containing straight-chain butene and an oxygen-containing gas containing molecular oxygen to a reactor and performing oxidative dehydrogenation reaction in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a composite oxide containing molybdenum and bismuth, and the concentration of hydrocarbons having 5 or more carbon atoms in the raw-material gas is 0.05 mol % to 7.0 mol %.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing butadiene from n-butenes having the steps: A) providing an n-butene-comprising feed gas stream a; B) feeding the n-butene-comprising feed gas stream a and an oxygen-comprising gas into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, wherein a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unreacted n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, high-boiling minor components, optionally carbon oxides and optionally inert gases is obtained; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting it with a refrigerant and condensing at least a part of the high-boiling minor components; Cb) compressing the remaining product gas stream b in at least one compression step, wherein at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and a gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, optionally carbon oxides and optionally inert gases is obtained; Da) separating off non-condensable and lo

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for forming para-xylene from aromatics-containing streams having reduced or minimized amounts of C2+ side chains. Reduced or minimized amounts of C2+ side chains can provide benefits for improving and/or allowing modification of transalkylation conditions, xylene isomerization conditions, or a combination thereof. Such aromatics-containing streams can be formed, for example, by conversion of methyl halide, methanol, syngas, and/or dimethyl ether to aromatics by an aromatic conversion process. The methyl halide, methanol, syngas, and/or dimethyl ether can be formed by conversion of methane.

Abstract: Extractive agent compounds are disclosed, with exemplary compounds having Formula (I): wherein Ra and Rb are independently selected from the group consisting of an oxygen radical, a hydrogen radical, and a hydrocarbyl radical having from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and wherein R2-R6 are independently selected from the group consisting of halo, a hydrogen radical, and a hydrocarbyl radical having from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and further wherein at least two of R2-R6 are halo. Also disclosed are extractive distillation processes, comprising distilling a liquid mixture comprising ethylbenzene, a further C8 aromatic compound, and an extractive agent compound as described herein. The extractive agent contributes to improved separability of ethylbenzene from the further C8 aromatic compound.

Abstract: Provided is a method for industrially advantageously producing a fluorinated hydrocarbon (3). The disclosed method for producing a fluorinated hydrocarbon represented by formula (3) includes bringing into contact, in a hydrocarbon-based solvent, a secondary or tertiary ether compound represented by formula (1) below with an acid fluoride represented by formula (2) in the presence of lithium salt or sodium salt (in the formulae, R1 and R2 each represent a C1-3 alkyl, and R1 and R2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, or ethyl; and R4 and R5 each represent methyl or ethyl).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for purifying a fluid comprising a first drying stage which comprises contacting a first fluid stream comprising one or more hydro(chloro)fluoroolefins and water with a source of sulphuric acid to produce a first treated fluid stream comprising the hydro(chloro)fluoroolefin(s) and a first spent sulphuric acid stream, wherein the first treated fluid stream comprises a lower concentration of water than the first fluid stream.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions including trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) and hexafluoropropene (HFP), and a method of forming an azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition comprising the step of combining hexafluoropropene (HFP) and trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) to form an azeotrope or azeotrope-like comprising hexafluoropropene (HFP) and trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) having a boiling point of about ?31.21° C.±0.30° C. at a pressure of about 14.21 psia±0.30 psia.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions including trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) and 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc), and a method of forming an azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition comprising the step of combining 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc) and trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) to form an azeotrope or azeotrope-like comprising 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc) and trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) having a boiling point of about ?25.63° C.±0.30° C. at a pressure of about 14.44 psia±0.30 psia.

Abstract: A process for the production of glycols is provided, the process comprising the steps of: (i) contacting a saccharide-containing feedstock with a catalyst system in a reactor in the presence of a reaction medium, a buffer system for controlling the pH within the reactor, and hydrogen; (ii) withdrawing a reactor product stream from the reactor; (iii) separating the reactor product stream into at least a glycol product stream and a hydrocarbon heavies stream; and (iv) recycling the hydrocarbon heavies stream at least partially back to the reactor; wherein components of the buffer system withdrawn from the reactor in the reactor product stream separate with the heavies stream and are recycled therewith.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol from starting material comprising one or more saccharide, wherein the process comprises the steps of: i) providing the starting material and hydrogen to a first reactor and reacting said starting material and hydrogen therein in the presence of a solvent and a first catalyst system comprising a retro-aldol catalyst composition and a hydrogenation catalyst composition; ii) continuously removing a first reactor product stream from the first reactor, said first reactor product stream comprising ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and in the range of from 2 to 40 wt % of sugar alcohols; iii) contacting said first reactor product stream in a second reactor in the presence of hydrogen with a second catalyst system comprising at least a hydrogenation catalyst composition; and iv) converting a portion of the sugar alcohols in the second reactor into ethylene glycol and/or 1,2-propylene glycol to provide a second reactor

Abstract: A method for purifying an organic solvent, comprising contacting an organic solvent containing polyvalent metal ions with a monolithic organic porous ion exchanger. According to the present invention, a method for purifying an organic solvent can be provided, wherein a high rate of removing polyvalent metal ions in an organic solvent is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for the preparation of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and novel intermediates used therein. In some embodiments the 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene is prepared from (E)-2-chloro-2-isopropyl-5-styrylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. Also disclosed are crystal forms of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for hydroformylating short-chain olefins, especially C2 to C5 olefins, in which the catalyst system is in heterogenized form on a support of a porous ceramic material, and to plants for performing this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of 1,6-difunctionalized hexane derivatives from 1,3-diunsaturated hydrocarbons, preferably butadiene, wherein a hydroformylation with carbon monoxide and hydrogen is performed in the presence of an at least dihydric alkanol and during the hydroformylation the temperature is increased. The reaction yields the acetals of the 1,6-hexanedial derivatives which are isolated and further reacted to obtain the desired 1,6-difunctionalized hexane derivatives, in particular 1,6-hexanediamine, 1,6-hexanediol and adipic acid.

Abstract: A process for the production of organic acids having at least three carbon atoms comprises the steps of forming an amount of carbon monoxide and reacting the amount of carbon monoxide with an amount of an unsaturated hydrocarbon. The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a supported palladium catalyst, a strong acid, and a phosphine. In some embodiments, the unsaturated hydrocarbon is one of acetylene and methylacetylene, and the organic acid is one of acrylic acid and methyl acrylic acid. The reacting step is preferably performed with carbon monoxide produced from carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crystal of a monovalent cation salt of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid (hereinafter, referred to as HMB), which is excellent in solubility and easy to handle, and a process for producing the crystal. A crystal of a monovalent cation salt of HMB is precipitated in an aqueous HMB solution containing a monovalent cation-containing compound and having a pH of 4.0 to 9.0, and the crystal of a monovalent cation salt of HMB is thereafter collected from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit or reduce glucose transport and methods of using the compounds to treat cancer are provided herein.

Abstract: An improved method for the synthesis of substantially pure Permethrin having purity greater than 99.5% by Gas Chromatography provided. The embodiments also relates to a purification process of Permethrin by recrystallization from methanol-water mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated process for the production of ethylene and vinyl acetate (VAM), comprising contacting in a first reaction zone a gas stream comprising ethane and optionally ethylene with an oxygen-containing gas stream in the presence of a oxydehydrogenation catalyst under oxidative dehydrogenation conditions to produce a first product stream comprising ethane, ethylene, acetic acid and water, and optionally other compounds, separating said first product stream in a vapor permeation unit into a second stream comprising water and a third stream comprising ethane, ethylene, acetic acid, and optionally other gaseous compounds, contacting in a second reaction zone all or at least a portion of said third stream with a stream comprising concentrated acetic acid and with an oxygen-containing gas stream in the presence of a VAM catalyst, to produce a fourth product stream comprising vinyl acetate, acetic acid, ethane, ethylene, water, carbon dioxide, and optionally other compounds, separating s

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing alkyl (meth)acrylate comprising a linear or branched alkyl chain comprising 4 to 10 carbon atoms, by direct esterification of (meth)acrylic acid with a linear or branched alcohol comprising 4 to 10 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst, leading to formation of a reaction mixture comprising the desired ester, unreacted acid and alcohol, light by-products, and heavy by-products. The mixture undergoes purification treatment by separation means to obtain purified alkyl (meth)acrylate. The purification treatment comprises a step of membrane separation dehydration applied to at least one of the following: the stream subjected to the final distillation leading to the recovery of the purified (meth)acrylic ester, the aqueous stream originating from the settling out of the reaction mixture, or the stream resulting from the distillation of the light by-products present in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include fatty acid ?-hydroxyester compounds (e.g., fatty acid esters of ?-hydroxybutyrate), fatty acid esters of butanediol, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions having one or more fatty acid ?-hydroxyester compounds and/or one or more fatty acid esters of butanediol. Methods for treating a subject by administering one or more esters to the subject are also provided. Kits containing one or more of the subject esters are also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to performance chemicals field, it discloses a novel and green process for simultaneous productions of formamides as well as mono- and multi-functional acrylamides under very mild conditions and with high efficiency. These substances are widely useful as industrial solvents or raw materials, in particular acrylamides are important olefinically-unsaturated polymerizable monomers in photo-curing materials.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing an aromatic amide derivative represented by Formula (I), which method includes a process a containing reacting an aniline derivative represented by Formula (II) with a carboxylic acid derivative represented by Formula (III) in the presence of a base to obtain an imide compound represented by Formula (IV) and a process b containing hydrolyzing the imide compound represented by Formula (IV) to obtain the aromatic amide derivative represented by Formula (I): wherein R1 represents a C1-C4 haloalkyl group, etc.; each of R2 and R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, etc.; R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, etc.; each of X1 and X2 independently represents a halogen atom, a C1-C4 haloalkyl group, etc.; and Q represents a C1-C4 alkyl group, a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, etc.

Abstract: Compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful as inhibitors of sodium channels are provided. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and methods of using the compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment of various disorders, including pain.

Abstract: In light of requests to reduce or reverse the wavelength dispersion of the birefringence of a phase-retardation film in order to increase the viewing angle of a liquid crystal display, the present invention provides a polymerizable compound that reduces, for example, the likelihood of crystals precipitating in a polymerizable composition including the polymerizable compound and enables the polymerizable composition to have high preservation stability and a polymerizable composition including the polymerizable compound which reduces the likelihood of inconsistencies being formed in a film-like polymer produced by polymerizing the polymerizable composition. Another object of the present invention is to provide a polymer produced by polymerizing the polymerizable composition and an optically anisotropic body including the polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for co-manufacture of ACRN and HCN with improved HCN selectivity and reduced solids formation in a shared product recovery section.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formulae: (I), and (II) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the variables, R, R1, R2, R3, R21, R22, R23, R34, R37, R33, R39, D, Q, Y, X, X1, X3, and X4 are defined herein. These compounds are useful for treating Gram-negative bacteria infections.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a biaryl urea ROR?t inhibitor, and specifically relates to a biaryl urea derivative, as represented by formula I, with an ROR?t inhibiting activity, and a preparation process thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound. Further disclosed is use of the compound for treating an ROR?t-related disease.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (Ia) wherein R is a C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, a C1-C6 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or —NR?R?, Q is C(O), O, NR?, S, S(O)2, C(O)2 (CH2)p Y is C(O), O, NR?, S, S(O)2, C(O)2 (CH2)p Z is H or C1-C4 alkyl, R? is H, C(O), S(O)2, C(O)2, a C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl or a C1-C6 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, when substituted, aryl, heteroaryl and alkyl are substituted with halogen, C6-C12 heteroaryl, —NR?R? or COOZ, which have diagnostic and therapeutic properties, such as the treatment and management of prostate cancer and other diseases related to NAALADase inhibition. Radiolabels can be incorporated into the structure through a variety of prosthetic groups attached at the X amino acid side chain via a carbon or hetero atom linkage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 3-substituted 2-vinylphenyl sulfonates.

Abstract: A method for treating phytophotodermatitis including the steps of applying an isothiocyanate functional surfactant to an area affected by phytophotodermatitis, wherein said isothiocyanate functional surfactant comprises at least one isothiocyanate functional group associated with an aliphatic and/or aromatic carbon atom of the isothiocyanate functional surfactant.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are a composition containing lutein/lutein ester and applications thereof. Components of the composition containing lutein/lutein ester comprise lutein/lutein ester, ?-carotene and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The weight ratio of lutein/lutein ester to ?-carotene is 1:0.1-100. In the present invention, by cooperatively using lutein/lutein ester and ?-carotene and using auxiliary natural healthy ingredients, the dosage form of an orally disintegrating tablet is prepared. The orally disintegrating tablet is absorbed through the oral cavity, has fast effectiveness and small first-pass effect, reduces damage of gastric acid to lutein/lutein ester, has high bioavailability, and has the characteristics of nutritional and health-care effects, good mouthfeel and fast absorption.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making carboxylic acids from levulinic acid, such as succinic acid and 3-hydroxypropanoic acid, by reacting levulinic acid with an oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide under acidic or basic conditions.

Abstract: The present invention includes novel analogs of promysalin useful in preventing or treating a microbial infection. The present invention also includes methods preventing or treating a microbial infection in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of the invention.

Abstract: Compounds with activity as modulators of cell adhesion are disclosed. The compounds are derivatives of piperidin-4-amine. In some embodiments, a compound can be linked to a targeting agent, a pharmaceutically active substance and/or a support material. Methods for enhancing or inhibiting classical cadherin-mediated functions are also disclosed. The compounds can be used for the treatment or prevention of a variety of diseases including cancer. Compositions and devices, including skin patches comprising a compound are also disclosed. In addition, methods of synthesis of the compounds are provided.