Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus includes: a state observation section that observes tool weight data on weights of tools attached to a tool exchange device, tool balance data on balances of the tools, and tool exchange state data on a state during exchange of the tools; a tool exchange state data storage section that stores the tool weight data, the tool balance data, and the tool exchange state data in association with each other; and a determination result output section that detects an abnormality in the exchange of the tools based on the tool weight data, the tool balance data, and the tool exchange state data observed by the state observation section during the exchange of the tools in the processing machine and the data stored in the tool exchange state data storage section.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus's for improving orthodontic treatments. In an embodiment, an orthodontic tracking template is provided for assisting in determining whether a patient's teeth are in an appropriate tooth arrangement for transitioning between a wire and bracket orthodontic treatment to a patient-removable orthodontic appliance treatment. The tracking template may include a shell portion defining a plurality of tooth-receiving cavities arranged to fit over at least a portion of the patient's teeth in an intermediate tooth arrangement without applying a tooth-moving force to the teeth or to any brackets attached to the teeth.

Abstract: A method of three-dimensional fabrication of an object is disclosed. The method comprises: forming a plurality of layers in a configured pattern corresponding to the shape of the three-dimensional object, at least one layer of the plurality of layers being formed at a predetermined and different thickness selected so as to compensate for post-formation shrinkage of the layer along a vertical direction. In various exemplary embodiments of the invention spread of building material of one or more layers is diluted at least locally such as to maintain a predetermined thickness and a predetermined planar resolution for the layer.

Abstract: Provided are a three-dimensional printing on-line monitoring method and system, relating to the technical field of three-dimensional printing, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing three-dimensional printing on-line monitoring systems are limited in imaging volume and cannot realize full-longitudinal-depth imaging.

Abstract: A method of designing and manufacturing a replica composite object based on an original object. The method identifies the structure and physical properties of an original object. Base materials, bodies, and structural templates, each of which includes associated physical properties, are utilized to generate a 3-dimensional model. The 3-dimensional model is discretized and tested to determine if the selected combination of base materials and bodies have physical properties that substantially equal the physical properties of the original object. If the physical properties do not equate, the 3-dimensional model is optimized by adjusting the combination of base materials, bodies, and structural templates. When the difference between the measured physical properties of the 3-dimensional model and the identified physical properties of the original object is less than a tolerance value, the method instructs an additive manufacturing system to generate a replica composite object based on the original object.

Abstract: A controller for a machine tool includes a machine learning apparatus configured to learn an Nth-order time-derivative component of a speed of each axis of the machine tool. The machine learning apparatus includes: a state observation section configured to observe first state data representing the Nth-order time-derivative component of the speed of each axis as a state variable representing a current state of an environment; a determination data acquisition section configured to acquire determination data representing a properness determination result of at least any one of machining accuracy, surface quality, and machining time of the machined workpiece; and a learning section configured to learn the Nth-order time-derivative component of the speed of each axis in relation to at least any one of the machining accuracy, the surface quality, and the machining time of the machined workpiece using the state variable and the determination data.

Abstract: A method 500 of operating an automated machine 100 is provided for inserting wires into grommet cavity locations 110 of an electrical connector 112 to compensate for manufacturing tolerances associated with the electrical connector. The method comprises inserting wires into grommet cavity locations of the electrical connector based upon a plug map 300 having offset values to compensate for manufacturing tolerances associated with the electrical connector. The method may further comprise selecting from a plurality of pre-generated plug maps having offset values the closest matching pre-generated plug map for the electrical connector based upon offset values associated with each of the plurality of pre-generated plugs maps. The selected pre-generated plug map having offset values corresponds to the plug map used to insert wires into grommet cavity locations of the electrical connector.

Abstract: An approach for interfacing a management control system with geographically dispersed electromechanical systems is described. Service messages are used to access services supported by a number of different types of electromechanical systems. The services of the systems are exposed through the service messages, and the systems are treated as service providers without the need to account for the different types, makes, models, and vendors of the systems when accessing them. Thus, similar to the way that a client device requests services from a server in a networked computing environment, the management control system can interact with the electromechanical systems to request services. The protocol of the service messages does not need to be changed as electromechanical systems are added, replaced, or updated, and new services and support for additional hardware can be added and updated as needed without changing the management control system.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for generating minimal cut-sets for highly integrated large systems. The method includes receiving a system model (102) and a scenario (104), and obtaining a dependency array (300) from the system model (102) according to the scenario, with the dependency array (300) including at least one case (302). The method includes selecting a case (302) in the dependency array (300). The method includes querying a cut-set repository (110) to determine if a cut-set for a component (200) in the case (302) is already stored, and retrieving said cut-set; and if a cut-set is not stored, generating the minimal cut-set for the component (200). And the method includes computing a final cut-set list (112) by expanding the dependency array (300) using the cut-set for the component (200). The method improves the efficiency of cut-set generation applied to manufactured systems with great number of components.

Abstract: A storage, retrieval and processing system is disclosed for processing objects. The system includes a plurality of bins including objects to be distributed by the processing system, said plurality of bins being provided in at least a partially generally circular arrangement, a programmable motion device that includes an end effector for grasping and moving any of the objects, said programmable motion device being capable of reaching any of the objects within the plurality of bins, and a plurality of destination containers for receiving any of the objects from the plurality of bins, said plurality of destination containers being provided in a region that is generally within the at least partially generally circular arrangement of the plurality of bins.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for operating a conveyance system (e.g., a conveyor belt, tilt plane, robotic arm) of a mobile drive unit (MDU) independent of the MDU's navigation system. The MDU may be configured to obtain, convey, and deliver items within the workspace. Navigation information related to navigating the MDU within a workspace may be obtained. Operations of a navigational system of the MDU may be performed to move the MDU to various locations within the workspace in accordance with the navigation information. Conveyance information related to physically obtaining and/or delivering an item within the workspace may be obtained by the MDU (e.g., via conveyance-related fiducial markers and/or sensors of the MDU). At least one operation of a conveyance system of the MDU may be executed which may cause the item to be physically relocated based at least in part on the conveyance information.

Abstract: Various methods and systems for creating or performing a dynamic sampling scheme for a process during which measurements are performed on wafers are provided. One method for creating a dynamic sampling scheme for a process during which measurements are performed on wafers includes performing the measurements on all of the wafers in at least one lot at all measurement spots on the wafers. The method also includes determining an optimal sampling scheme, an enhanced sampling scheme, a reduced sampling scheme, and thresholds for the dynamic sampling scheme for the process based on results of the measurements. The thresholds correspond to values of the measurements at which the optimal sampling scheme, the enhanced sampling scheme, and the reduced sampling scheme are to be used for the process.

Abstract: A plant monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment includes a determiner and a display processor. The determiner compares a first process value acquired in time series from a first point of a monitoring target in a plant and a limit value corresponding to the first process value to determine a time when the first process value exceeds the limit value. The display processor causes a display device to display, in time series, the first process value within a time range decided on the basis of the time obtained by the determiner and the limit value corresponding to the first process value.

Abstract: A technique is provided for providing early fault detection using process control data generated by control devices in a process plant. The technique determines a leading indicator of a condition within the process plant, such as a fault, abnormality, or decrease in performance. The leading indicator may be determined using principal component analysis. A process signal indicating a process variable corresponding to the leading indicator is then obtained and analyzed. A rolling fast Fourier transform (FFT) may be performed on the process signal to generate time-series data with which to monitor the process plant. When the presence of the leading indicator is detected in the time-series data, an alert or other prediction of the condition may be generated. Thus, process faults may be identified using fluctuations and abnormalities as leading predictors.

Abstract: Described is a method of providing an augmented reality (AR) scene of pipe inspection data, including: obtaining, using a processor, pipe inspection data derived from a pipe inspection robot that traverses through the interior of an underground pipe, the pipe inspection data including one or more sets of condition assessment data relating to an interior of the underground pipe; obtaining, using a processor, real-time visual image data of an above-ground surface; combining, using a processor, the pipe inspection data with the real-time visual image data in an AR scene; and displaying, using a display device, the AR scene. Other examples are described and claimed.

Abstract: A autonomous robotic golf caddy which is capable of following a portable receiver at a pre-determined distance, and which is capable of sensing a potential impending collision with an object in its path and stop prior to said potential impending collision.

Abstract: An automatic driving system includes an electronic control device configured to: detect a driving operation input amount during an automatic driving control for a vehicle; determine whether the driver is able to start manual driving during the automatic driving control for the vehicle; output a signal for performing switching from automatic driving to the manual driving based on a result of a comparison between the driving operation input amount and a driving switching threshold that is a threshold for the switching from the automatic driving to the manual driving; set the driving switching threshold to a first driving switching threshold when it is determined that the driver is able to start the manual driving; and set the driving switching threshold to a second driving switching threshold exceeding the first driving switching threshold when it is determined that the driver is not able to start the manual driving.

Abstract: Introspective autonomous vehicle operational management includes operating an introspective autonomous vehicle operational management controller including a policy for a model of an introspective autonomous vehicle operational management domain. Operating the controller includes, in response to a determination that a current belief state of the policy indicates an exceptional condition, identifying an exception handler for controlling the autonomous vehicle. Operating the controller includes, in response to a determination that the current belief state indicates an unexceptional condition, identifying a primary handler as the active handler.

Abstract: An autonomous vehicle having a control unit that is configured to perform autonomous driving in which a steered angle of steered wheels is changed by a steering device so that a steering angle becomes a target steering angle for making the vehicle travel along a target trajectory, and to control the steering device so that a lane change is performed in a standard manner when the lane change is necessary. In a situation where the lane change is necessary and a steering operation is being performed by a driver, when a magnitude of an index value based on a parameter that changes according to the steering operation is smaller than a termination reference value, the control device does not terminate the autonomous driving and changes a target trajectory of the lane change according to the magnitude of the index value.

Abstract: A device, a system and a method for an autonomous vehicle capable of independently travelling along a road and to communicate in a wireless way. The device is configured to determine a route for the autonomous vehicle, and to determine presence of any risk segment along the route. A risk segment is a segment of the road where the autonomous vehicle is determined to be in need of assistance based on characteristics of that road segment. If a risk segment is determined, the device is configured to perform a matching sequence in order to find a pilot vehicle capable of piloting the autonomous vehicle past the risk segment, and to generate information data ? about a result of the performed matching sequence.

Abstract: A sub-mobility device charging system for a vehicle is capable of moving while carrying a sub-mobility device in which a passenger sits. The system includes an acquisition unit, a main electric power supply unit and a controller. The acquisition unit acquires a destination or traveling schedule inputted to the sub-mobility device; the main electric power supply unit supplies electric power to the sub-mobility device carried in the vehicle; and the controller controls to supply electric power to the sub-mobility device via the main electric power supply unit. The controller charges the sub-mobility device on a basis of the acquired traveling schedule for the sub-mobility device in the destination, and generates a traveling route to guide the charged sub-mobility device to a stop-off points corresponding to the destination.

Abstract: A system includes a processor. The processor is configured to derive one or more partitions of a field based on a vehicle system data via a learning system. The processor is further configured to derive one or more turn features representative of vehicle turns in the field based on the vehicle system via the learning system. The processor is also configured to derive an autonomous vehicle plan based on the partitions of the field and the turn features via a planning system, wherein the autonomous vehicle plan comprises a planned route of the autonomous vehicle in the field.

Abstract: A data-driven prediction-based system and method for trajectory planning of autonomous vehicles are disclosed. A particular embodiment includes: generating a first suggested trajectory for an autonomous vehicle; generating predicted resulting trajectories of proximate agents using a prediction module; scoring the first suggested trajectory based on the predicted resulting trajectories of the proximate agents; generating a second suggested trajectory for the autonomous vehicle and generating corresponding predicted resulting trajectories of proximate agents, if the score of the first suggested trajectory is below a minimum acceptable threshold; and outputting a suggested trajectory for the autonomous vehicle wherein the score corresponding to the suggested trajectory is at or above the minimum acceptable threshold.

Abstract: A vehicle can include various sensors to detect objects in an environment. Sensor data can be captured by a perception system in a vehicle and represented in a voxel space. Operations may include analyzing the data from a top-down perspective. From this perspective, techniques can associate and generate masks that represent objects in the voxel space. Through manipulation of the regions of the masks, the sensor data and/or voxels associated with the masks can be clustered or otherwise grouped to segment data associated with the objects.

Abstract: A system may include a robot that includes (1) an imaging device that generates image data corresponding to a field of view of the imaging device and (2) a mobility subsystem that moves the robot. The system may also an imaging subsystem that (1) tracks the image data, (2) detects an object of interest in the field of view of the imaging device, and (3) generates region-of-interest image data that includes only a portion of the tracked image data corresponding to a region of interest. Additionally, the system may include a positioning subsystem that (1) determines an initial proximity of the robot to the object of interest and (2) determines a target location for the robot. Various other robots, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to provide a view around a vehicle, the apparatus including: a plurality of cameras attached to a body of the vehicle and configured to acquire respective images of surroundings of the vehicle, wherein at least one of the plurality of cameras is attached to a moving part of the body of the vehicle; a display unit; and at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to: obtain movement information of the moving part of the body of the vehicle; generate an around view image by compositing respective images acquired by the plurality of cameras; correct the around view image based on the movement information of the moving part of the body of the vehicle; and control the display unit to display the corrected around view image.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for navigating an autonomous vehicle using reinforcement learning techniques.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for navigating an autonomous vehicle. In one implementation, a system for navigating a vehicle includes at least one processing device programmed to receive, from an image capture device, a plurality of images associated with an environment of the vehicle, analyze at least one of the plurality of images to identify a navigable region in the environment of the vehicle, identify, based on the at least one of the plurality of images, at least one barrier associated with an edge of the navigable region, and determine a type of the at least one barrier. The at least one processing device is also programmed to determine a navigational path of the vehicle based on the determined type of the at least one barrier, and cause the vehicle to travel on at least a portion of the determined navigational path.

Abstract: A collision-avoidance system for use with an autonomous-capable vehicle can continuously receive image frames captured of the roadway to determine drivable space in a forward direction of the vehicle. The system can determine, for each image frame, whether individual regions of the image frame depict drivable space. The system can do so using machine-learned image recognition algorithms such as convolutional neural networks generated using extensive training data. Using such techniques, the system can label regions of the image frames as corresponding to drivable space or non-drivable space. By analyzing the labeled image frames, the system can determine whether the vehicle is likely to impact a region of non-drivable space. And, in response to such a determination, the system can generate control signals that override other control systems or human operator input to control the brakes, the steering, or other sub-systems of the vehicle to avoid the collision.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to self-driving luggage systems, devices, and components thereof, having multiple following modes. In one implementation, a self-driving system includes a piece of luggage. The piece of luggage includes one or more motorized wheels and an onboard ultra-wideband device. The onboard ultra-wideband device includes a control unit and one or more transceivers. The piece of luggage also includes one or more laser emitters configured to shoot light towards a target. The piece of luggage also includes one or more proximity cameras configured to take one or more images of the target, and the one or more images include light reflected off of the target. Each of the one or more proximity cameras includes an optical filter. The self-driving system also includes a central processing unit. The central processing unit is configured to switch between a vision following mode and a radio following mode.

Abstract: A robotic lawnmower (100) for movable operation within a work area (205) has a satellite navigation device (190), a landmark scanner (193) and a controller (110). The controller causes the robotic lawnmower (100) to movably operate within the work area (205) in a first operating mode, the first operating mode being based on positions determined from satellite signals received by the satellite navigation device (190). The controller determines that a position cannot be reliably determined based on satellite signals received by the satellite navigation device (190), and in response thereto causes the robotic lawnmower (100) to movably operate within the work area (205) in a second operating mode. In the second operating mode, the controller receives scanning information from said landmark scanner (193) and identifies at least one landmark based on the received scanning information and determines a landmark-based position estimate.

Abstract: An operation management system includes: a plurality of robots; and an operation management unit server configured to manage an operation route in a predetermined region. Each robot has a sensor that recognizes a surrounding environment. When the sensor of a first robot recognizes a predetermined surrounding environment, the server refers to a position of the surrounding environment and sets an operation route of a second robot.

Abstract: Autonomous flight is performed in an open loop mode over a first range of altitudes, wherein a plurality altitude-related data from a plurality of altitude-related sensors is ignored while performing the autonomous flight in the open loop mode. The autonomous flight is performed in a closed loop mode over a second range of altitudes, wherein: the plurality of altitude-related data from the plurality of altitude-related sensors is used while performing the autonomous flight in the closed loop mode, and the first range of altitudes is a non-overlapping, lower range of altitudes compared to the second range of altitudes.

Abstract: Indoor mapping and modular control for UAVs and other autonomous vehicles, and associated systems and methods. A representative unmanned aerial vehicle system includes a body, a propulsion system carried by the body, a sensor system carried by the body, and a controller carried at least in part by the body and operatively coupled to the propulsion system and the sensor system. The controller is programmed with instructions that, when executed, operate in a first autonomous mode and a second autonomous mode. In the first autonomous mode, the instructions autonomously direct the propulsion system to convey the body along a first route within an indoor environment. While the body travels along the first route, the instructions receive inputs from the sensor system corresponding to features of the indoor environment. The features are stored as part of a 3-D map.

Abstract: Seed index system and methods for treating agricultural seeds with one or more seed care products employing a size-adjusted application rate based on the size of the seeds. Such size-adjusted application rates can be determined by a supplier of seed care products and communicated to an applicator who applies the seed care product to a quantity of seeds. Such size-adjusted application rates can be in the form of a chart, an equation, or a calculator.

Abstract: A fluid control system for pulse delivery of a fluid include a flow channel, an isolation valve to initiate and terminate a pulse of fluid from the flow channel, and a pulse mass flow controller (MFC). The MFC includes a control valve to control flow of fluid in the flow channel, a flow sensor to measure flow rate in the flow channel, and a controller to control flow of fluid through the control valve and switching of the isolation valve, to control a mass of fluid delivered during the pulse of fluid. Controlling the flow of fluid through the control valve can be based on feedback from the flow sensor during the pulse initiated and terminated by the isolation valve.

Abstract: A system for establishing a fluid path between a plurality of tubes includes a manifold and a plurality of caps. The manifold defines an internal cavity and a plurality of orifices that access the cavity. Each of the plurality of caps are secured to an end of a respective tube of the plurality of tubes. Each cap defines a central orifice that is in fluid communication with the respective tube. Each cap has a tapered protrusion extending away from the end of the respective tube. The caps are disposed within the internal cavity such that the respective tube extends through a respective orifice of the plurality of orifices and outward from the manifold. The tapered protrusions of adjacent caps interact with each other to position each cap to form a seal with other caps having a central orifice such that the central orifices are in fluid communication with each other.

Abstract: A pre-metering system for feeding different types of seed into a seed meter of a planter includes separate feeder wheels that are selectively rotated to deliver different types of seed from on-row storage into the seed meter at a given time. The feeder wheels may be supported by a feeder wheel carrier that may also support various wall and ramped structures, such as upright divider walls and sloped walls that maintain separation between the different types of seeds in the on-row storage and direct the different types of seed toward the individual feeder wheels.

Abstract: A pre-metering system for feeding different types of seed into a seed meter of a planter includes separate feeder wheels that are selectively rotated to deliver different types of seed from on-row storage into the seed meter at a given time. The feeder wheels may be supported by a feeder wheel carrier that may also support various wall and ramped structures, such as upright divider walls and sloped walls that maintain separation between the different types of seeds in the on-row storage and direct the different types of seed toward the individual feeder wheels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vapor splitter including: a chimney tray dividing an internal space of a housing into an upper space and a lower space; a chimney provided on the chimney tray to enable the upper space and the lower space to communicate with each other; a cap covering the chimney with a gap therebetween such that a gas discharge hole is formed so that gas, coming out through the chimney, can be transferred to the upper space through the gas discharge hole; a liquid feeding unit for feeding liquid to the upper space; and a liquid discharging unit for discharging the liquid out of the upper space. The size of the gas discharge hole is adjusted by controlling the height of the liquid collected on the chimney. Further disclosed is a method of adjusting a vapor split ratio using the vapor splitter.

Abstract: A current reference comprising: a control resistor; a tracking voltage generator including: a first, flipped gate transistor having a first size; and a second transistor having a second size; wherein the tracking voltage generator is configured to output a tracking voltage having a first temperature dependency based on a ratio of the second size to the first size, the temperature dependency thereby being substantially equal to a second temperature dependency of the control resistor; and an amplifier circuit configured to receive the tracking voltage and maintain a voltage at a first terminal of the control resistor, the voltage being substantially equal to the tracking voltage; wherein the current reference thereby is configured to maintain a reference current through the control resistor at a constant value.

Abstract: A device and method that includes a shunt regulator of a universal serial bus (USB) compatible power supply device is disclosed. The shunt regulator includes an amplifier with an output, a first input, and a second input. The shunt regulator also includes a current digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that is coupled to the first input of the amplifier and a voltage bus node. The current DAC adjusts a sink or a source current delivered at the first input of the amplifier to regulate a programmable output voltage (Vbus) in the USB-compatible power supply device. The current delivered by the DAC is responsive to receipt of a digital code indicative of a programmable power supply command specifying the Vbus to be delivered by the USB-compatible power supply device on the voltage bus node.

Abstract: An integrated circuit component receives an input signal via an external signal conduction path during a first interval and transmits an output signal via the external signal conduction path during a second interval. The integrated circuit component terminates the input signal and the output signal within one or more termination elements having an impedance in accordance with a characteristic impedance of the external signal conduction path to obviate signal termination within another integrated circuit component to which the output signal is destined and from which the input signal is sourced.

Abstract: A regulator includes a first resistor and a second resistor that are connected between a ground node and an output node, an amplifier that outputs an amplification voltage by comparing a reference voltage to a feedback voltage between the first resistor and the second resistor, and amplifying a difference between the reference voltage and the feedback voltage, an analog-to-digital converter that converts the amplification voltage to a digital code, and a plurality of transistors that are connected between a power node supplied with a power supply voltage and the output node and which adjusts a current being supplied to the output node in response to the digital code.

Abstract: A voltage regulator is arranged to receive an input voltage (Vin) and produce a regulated output voltage (Vout) and comprises: a current source transistor (Msource) and a current sink transistor (Msink) arranged to provide the output voltage at a node therebetween; a first error amplifier; and a second error amplifier. The first error amplifier is arranged to apply a first control voltage to the gate terminal of the current source transistor, wherein the first control voltage is dependent on the difference between the feedback voltage (Vfb) and the reference voltage (Vref). The second error amplifier arranged in parallel to the first error amplifier, the second error amplifier being arranged to apply a second control voltage to the gate terminal of the current sink transistor, wherein the second control voltage is dependent on the difference between the feedback voltage and the reference voltage. The feedback voltage is derived from the output voltage.

Abstract: An electronic circuit includes a driver circuit having an output terminal that can be coupled to a load to drive the load. A control circuit is coupled to the driver circuit for controlling the driver circuit. A transistor is coupled in series between the driver circuit and the output terminal. The transistor has a first terminal coupled to the driver circuit and a second terminal coupled to the output terminal. A biasing circuit is coupled to a gate terminal of the transistor and configured to provide a constant voltage to the gate terminal to bias the transistor to a conducting state to reduce the susceptibility of the electronic circuit to electromagnetic interference. The biasing circuit includes a voltage regulator, a Zener diode, and a capacitor. The Zener diode and capacitor are coupled to the gate terminal and a reference terminal.

Abstract: A bandgap reference circuit includes a current generating circuit, a switch circuit and a control circuit. The current generating circuit is triggered by a trigger signal generated when the bandgap reference circuit starts up. The current generating circuit is arranged to generate a reference current according to the trigger signal. The switch circuit is controlled by a switch control signal to be selectively coupled between the current generating circuit and a regulator. The switch circuit is arranged to, when coupled between the current generating circuit and the regulator according to the switch control signal, provide a bandgap voltage to the regulator according to the reference current. The control circuit is coupled to the current generating circuit and the switch circuit, and is arranged to generate the switch control signal according to the trigger signal.

Abstract: Provided is a retractable pedal for an automobile. The pedal comprises a driving support (2), a drive mechanism (4) and a footrest (5), wherein both the driving support (2) and the drive mechanism (4) are installed on the same side of the bottom of an automobile body; the driving support (2) comprises a first transmission mechanism and a first connecting rod (2d), and the front end of the first connecting rod (2d) is fixedly connected to the footrest (5); the first transmission mechanism drives the first connecting rod (2d) to expand and retract; the pedal further comprises at least one driven support (3) which synchronously moves with the driving support (2). According to this pedal, a traditional gear transmission mechanism is omitted so as to reduce manufacturing costs and reduce the generation of abnormal sounds, and the footrest can be ensured to retract in place.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices and techniques to dynamically change the operating frequency of an interface where components on the interface have non-common clocks. An interface component may be provided with a frequency negotiation component to negotiate a shift in an operating frequency with other component on an interface where the different components have non-common clocks.

Abstract: Described are examples for synchronizing multiple timing sources in a computing device. At least a first clock associated with a first timing source and a second clock associated with a second timing source can be maintained at the computing device. A request for an indication of a difference in values between the first clock and the second clock can be received from the application. A first elapsed time of the first clock and a second elapsed time of the second clock from a previous instance of an event can be determined by the computing device at an instance of a reoccurring event in a domain of one of the first timing source or the second timing source. An indication related to the first elapsed time and the second elapsed time can be provided to the application.