Abstract: A furnace for relieving glass products of stress is provided. The furnace has a furnace interior and a thermal element that measures temperatures in the furnace interior. The thermal element is enclosed by an enveloping tube composed of an inorganic material.

Abstract: A method includes tracing a cutting line on the surface of the glass, using a cutting tool; positioning flat supporting bearing elements arranged to generate a pressing force on the cutting line; and breaking, using a local bearing system applied to the face opposite to, and facing, the cutting line, the local bearing elements being moved and applied along the cutting line, on the opposite face.

Abstract: A cutter edge is pressed against a brittle-material substrate so that a protruding portion of the cutter edge is positioned between a first edge of the brittle-material substrate and a side portion of the cutter edge and that a side portion of the cutter edge is positioned between the protruding portion of the cutter edge and a second edge of the brittle-material substrate. A scribe line is formed by a scratch between a first position closer to the first edge of the first and second edges and a second position closer to the second edge of the first and second edges. After the formation of the scribe line, a crack is extended in a thickness direction from the second position toward the first position along the scribe line, thus forming a crack line.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical fiber is disclosed. The method for manufacturing an optical fiber includes: drawing an optical fiber by heating an optical fiber preform inside a drawing furnace into which a first gas is introduced; and annealing the optical fiber by causing the optical fiber to pass through an annealing furnace disposed downstream of the drawing furnace and adjusted to a temperature lower than a temperature at which the optical fiber preform is heated. In the annealing, a second gas having a lower heat conductivity than the first gas is introduced into the annealing furnace through one or more gas introduction ports such that a total flow rate becomes 3 slm or higher, and a flow rate of the second gas per gas introduction port is adjusted to 30 slm or lower.

Abstract: A glazing includes a glass substrate on which is deposited a coating including at least one layer, the layer being formed from a material including metal nanoparticles dispersed in an inorganic matrix of an oxide, in which the metal nanoparticles are made of a metal chosen from the group formed by silver, gold, platinum, copper and nickel or of an alloy formed from at least two of these metals, in which the matrix including an oxide of at least one element chosen from the group of titanium, silicon and zirconium and in which the atomic ratio M/Me in the material is less than 1.5, M representing all atoms of the elements of the group of titanium, silicon and zirconium present in the layer and Me representing all of the atoms of the metals of the group formed by silver, gold, platinum, copper and nickel present in the layer.

Abstract: This thick-film resistive element paste is a resistive element paste containing: an electrically conductive metal powder including a copper powder and a manganese powder; a glass powder; and an organic vehicle, and is characterized in that the glass powder contains primarily an alkaline-earth metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent sealing member. A quartz glass transparent sealing member is used in an optical component having at least one optical element, and a mounting board on which the optical element is mounted, and constitutes, with the mounting board, a package that houses the optical element. The concentration of aluminum in a surface portion is higher than the concentration of aluminum in an inner portion.

Abstract: Glass compositions having from 50 to 80 mol % SiO2, less than or equal to 25 mol % Al2O3, from 6.5 to 10.0 mol % Li2O and, optionally, other components, such as alkali metal oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides, zinc oxide, phosphorus oxides, rare earth metal oxides, boron oxide, and small amounts of other species, such as titania, zirconia, and tin oxide. The glass compositions are characterized by zero or positive values of the ratios, in terms of mol %: Al2O3-?R2O?0, or Al2O3-?R2O-?RO?0, or Al2O3-?R2O-?RO—P2O5?0, where R2O means alkali metal oxides and RO means divalent metal oxides. The glass compositions may have a liquidus viscosity greater than or equal to 1000 Poises to less than or equal to 300,000 Poises.

Abstract: An ion exchangeable glass having a high degree of resistance to damage caused by abrasion, scratching, indentation, and the like. The glass comprises alumina, B2O3, and alkali metal oxides, and contains boron cations having three-fold coordination. The glass, when ion exchanged, has a Vickers crack initiation threshold of at least 10 kilogram force (kgf).

Abstract: Provided is a chalcogenide glass material having excellent weather resistance and being suitable as an optical element for an infrared sensor. The chalcogenide glass material contains, in terms of % by mole, 20 to 99% Te and has an antireflection film formed thereon.

Abstract: The present application provides transparent glass-ceramics of ?-quartz of composition containing a small content of lithium, articles constituted at least in part of said glass-ceramics, glasses precursors of said glass-ceramics, and also a method of preparing said articles. Said glass-ceramics have a composition, free of arsenic oxide and antimony oxide, except for inevitable traces, expressed as percentages by weight of oxides, containing: 62% to 68% of SiO2; 17% to 21% of AI2O3; 1% to <2% of Li20; 1% to 4% of MgO; 1% to 6% of ZnO; 0 to 4% of BaO; 0 to 4% of SrO; 0 to 1% of CaO; 1% to 5% of TiO2; 0 to 2% of ZrO2; 0 to 1% of Na2O; 0 to 1% of K2O; with Na2O+K2O+BaO+SrO+CaO <6%; optionally up to 2% of at least one fining agent comprising SnO2; and optionally up to 2% of at least one coloring agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nano-protrusion forming method and a base material having a nano-protrusion surface formed by the method. The method includes forming an anti-reflective layer including nano-protrusions having a width of several nm to several tens of nm, and/or an anti-glare layer including protrusions having a width of several tens of nm to several ?m, by a wet etching process using an acid solution without using a nano-mask.

Abstract: A temperable tinted glass substrate has at least one of its faces that is partially coated with a layer of mineral paint obtained from an aqueous paint composition based on an alkali metal silicate solution including the mixing of a platy mineral filler with at least one other filler chosen from alumina, boron or germanium, and at least one black mineral pigment.

Abstract: A panel like, double-sided coated substrate and a method for production are provided. The panel like substrate includes at least two layers applied by heating, the first layer being applied on a first side of the substrate and having at least a glass component and structure-forming particles, the particles producing elevations on the first layer, and the softening temperature or the melting temperature of the particles being greater than the softening temperature of the glass component, and the second layer being applied on a second side of the substrate.

Abstract: A glass ceramic item, intended in particular for use with at least one light source and/or at least one heating element, includes at least one substrate, such as a plate, made of glass ceramic, and having at least one light region. The substrate is coated with respect to the region with a paint consisting of at least one silicone resin and pigment(s). The content of the pigment(s) are greater than or equal to 1% and less than 10% by weight of the paint. A method for producing such an item is also included.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments disclosed herein, an electronic device may include a display device operable to project an image, a front cover substrate positioned over the display device and including a transparent material, and a protective coating disposed on at least a portion of the non-display area of the front cover substrate. The front cover substrate may include a display area over the display device and a non-display area around at least the perimeter of the front cover substrate. The protective coating may include an inorganic material. The protective coating may not be positioned over the display area.

Abstract: An optical member includes a transparent substrate, an alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer on the transparent substrate, and an alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer on the alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer such that the alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer is between the transparent substrate and the alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer. A refractive index of the alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer is smaller than a refractive index of the alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer. The alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer and the alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer may have independent compositions, and the independent compositions may each be a silica-free composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low-emissivity glass comprising: a glass substrate; a first dielectric layer formed on the glass substrate; a metal layer formed on the first dielectric layer; an absorbent layer formed on the metal layer; a second dielectric layer formed on the absorbent layer; and a coating layer formed on the second dielectric layer and containing Zr, whereby a low-emissivity glass having good and excellent handling and long-term storage properties is provided.

Abstract: A glass member for a housing of an electronic device may include an aluminosilicate glass substrate defining a first surface of the glass member, the first surface having a first surface roughness, a fused composite coating bonded to a portion of the aluminosilicate glass substrate and defining a second surface of the glass member, the second surface having a second surface roughness greater than the first surface roughness, a first ion-exchanged layer extending into the glass member and through the fused composite coating, and a second ion-exchanged layer extending into the glass member from the first surface. The fused composite coating may include an amorphous glass matrix and a crystalline material dispersed in the amorphous glass matrix.

Abstract: Synthetic pozzolans are produced using local materials to provide a cementitious material that is uniform in chemistry and properties independent of the location where the materials are obtained. Two methods of production are described. One is a high temperature process in which materials are processed in a semi-molten or molten state. The second process is a low temperature aqueous process.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to silicate-based coatings and to methods to make and apply same. In one embodiment, the silicate-coatings of the present invention are formed from a two part mixture of phosphate-based component and a glass-based component. In another embodiment, the silicate-based coatings of the present invention are free from any organic materials.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a naturally cooling ceramic receptacle comprising preparing a clay body by adding ball clay and/or quartz, water and deflocculant, forming the clay body into a desired shape of the ceramic receptacle with molds by at least one of roller making, pressure casting and slip casting, demolding the formed clay body and drying at a temperature higher than a room temperature, performing a first firing of the clay body in a kiln at a temperature higher than 1050° C. to obtain a biscuit receptacle, mixing a slip casting clay with desired color pigments to produce plastic colored slip casting clay, dipping the biscuit receptacle into the colored slip casting clay and drying, and performing a second firing of the biscuit receptacle with the dried color slip casting clay in a kiln at a temperature higher than 1000° C. but lower than the temperature of the first firing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alumina fiber having a mass ratio (A/C) of the content (A) of iron oxide as expressed in terms of ferric oxide to the content (C) of titanium oxide of 2 to 121; and a mass ratio (B/C) of the content (B) of calcium oxide to the content (C) of titanium oxide of 0.4 to 14, with a sum total of the content (A) of iron oxide, the content (B) of calcium oxide, and the content (C) of titanium oxide being 0.0170 to 0.1180% by mass.

Abstract: A refractory article is described, the refractory article including a refractory body and a refractory coating layer deposited on a surface thereof, wherein the refractory coating layer includes silica, alumina, boron oxide, and calcium oxide. The refractory article may be at least one of a melting vessel, a clarifying vessel and a molding apparatus. A composition for coating a refractory article and a method of manufacturing the refractory article are also disclosed.

Abstract: Ceramic raw material powder includes: a main phase having a perovskite structure, wherein elements acting as a donor and an acceptor are solid-solved in B sites of the perovskite structure, wherein a relationship of (concentration of the element acting as a donor)×(valence of the element acting as a donor?4)<(concentration of the element acting as an acceptor)×(4?valence of the element acting as an acceptor) is satisfied, in a center region of each grain of the ceramic raw material powder, wherein a relationship of (concentration of the element acting as a donor)×(valence of the element acting as a donor?4)>(concentration of the element acting as an acceptor)×(4?valence of the element acting as an acceptor) is satisfied, in a circumference region of each grain of the ceramic raw material powder.

Abstract: A ceramic material including Co0.5Ti0.5TaO4. The ceramic material is prepared as follows: 1) weighting and mixing raw powders of Co2O3, TiO2 and Ta2O5 proportioned according to the chemical formula of Co0.5Ti0.5TaO4, to yield a mixture; 2) mixing the mixture obtained in 1), zirconia balls, and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1:4-6:3-6, ball-milling for 6-8 h, drying at 80-120° C., sieving with a 60-200 mesh sieve, calcining in air atmosphere at 800-1100° C. for 3-5 h, to yield powders comprising a main crystalline phase of Co0.5Ti0.5TaO4; and 3) mixing the powders obtained in 2), zirconia balls, and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1:3-5:2-4, ball-milling for 4-6 h, and drying at 80-100° C.; adding a 2-5 wt. % of polyvinyl alcohol solution to a resulting product, granulating, sintering resulting granules at 1000-1100° C. in air atmosphere for 4-6 h.

Abstract: In a firing condition determination step S101a, as firing conditions for firing a refractory, an Fe2O3 amount (mass %) which is an Fe2O3 content, a target firing temperature T (° C.) to which the temperature of the refractory is raised when the refractory is fired and a continuous firing time t (hr) during which the firing is continued at the target firing temperature T are determined. The Fe2O3 amount, the target firing temperature T and the continuous firing time t are determined so as to satisfy all five formulas of 1.2<Fe2O3 amount ?2.5, 1250?T?1450, 0?t, P=0.0101×T+0.0913×t?12.3 and P>0.992×Fe2O3 amount+0.080.

Abstract: A fireproof molding body having a hot side and a cold side opposite said hot side, wherein the fireproof molding body includes a first material with ceramic hollow sphere structures, wherein an amount of hollow sphere structures decreases from the hot side to the cold side. A method for producing a fireproof molding body in which a first material with ceramic hollow sphere structures is introduced into a casting mold and a grading of the hollow sphere structures is subsequently performed.

Abstract: A method for brazing a first ceramic component and a second metal alloy component, to make a structural or external timepiece element, a zirconia-based ceramic is chosen for the first component and a titanium alloy for the second component, a first recess is made inside the first component, set back from a first surface in a junction area with a second surface of the second component, braze material is deposited on this first surface and inside each recess, the second surface is positioned in alignment with the first surface to form an assembly, this assembly is heated in a controlled atmosphere to above the melting temperature of the braze material, in order to form the braze in the junction area.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and an apparatus for producing a shaped article. The method comprises obtaining a freshly produced aluminosilicate-containing particulate waste material and, before the waste material cools to ambient temperature, mixing the waste material into a mixture, wherein the mixture comprises the aluminosilicate, a metal oxide, an alkali, a water soluble silicate and water; shaping the mixture; and curing the shaped mixture, whereby the shaped article is produced.

Abstract: A ceramic matrix composite (CMC) component includes at least one seal surface, the at least one seal surface disposed adjacent an interfacing surface for providing a seal therebetween; and a coating disposed on the seal surface. The coating includes an aluminum oxide and/or a silicon dioxide.

Abstract: Plurality of granules comprising a ceramic core having an outer surface and a shell on and surrounding the core, wherein the shell comprises ceramic particles bound together with an inorganic binder, the inorganic binder comprising reaction product of at least alkali silicate and hardener, wherein the ceramic particles are present as greater than 50 percent by weight of the shell of the respective granule, based on the total weight of the shell of the respective granule, wherein the shell of each granule has a total porosity in a range from greater than 0 to 60 percent by volume, based on the total volume of the shell of the respective granule, wherein the shell of each granule has a volume of at least 40 volume percent, based on the total volume of the respective granule, and wherein the granules have a minimum Total Solar Reflectance of at least 0.7. The granules are useful, for example, as roofing granules.

Abstract: Described herein are agricultural compositions comprising an adduct of urea comprising: urea; and an inorganic salt; wherein the adduct has an average particle size ranging from about 0.1 microns to about 10 microns.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method for feeding animals includes selecting a plurality of strains of sporulated living microbes and form a microbial solution; and applying the microbial solution to a carrier. In another aspect during use, the method includes feeding animals with the microbial infused carrier to deliver microbes to a gastrointestinal tract alive; and germinating the microbes in the digestive tract and stimulating local intestinal immunity with the microbes.

Abstract: An application of syringic acid in promoting the inhibition effect of decanediol on the nitrosification activity of nitrosomonas is provided. By inhibiting the activity of a nitrosomonas, the combined use of syringic acid and 1,9-decanediol can more efficiently inhibit a nitrification process in soil and at the plant rhizosphere, increase the nitrogen use efficiency, and reduce leaching of nitrate nitrogen, thereby reducing the loss of nitrogen and discharge of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide in a denitrification process. The addition of syringic acid in the present invention can reduce the concentration at which 1,9-decanediol functions under the equivalent condition of nitrification inhibition activity, and thus save the relative input cost.

Abstract: An improved solvent system for the formulation and application of N-alkyl thiophosphoric triamide urease inhibitors. These formulations provide safety and performance benefits relative to existing alternatives and enable storage, transport and subsequent coating or blending with urea based or organic based fertilizers. These formulations are comprised primarily of environmentally friendly aprotic and protic solvents (particularly dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohols/polyols) to stabilize the urease inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a deuterated ethanol from an acetic acid, an acetate, or an amide by reaction with D2 in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

Abstract: A process is useful for the oligomerization of short-chain olefins in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is kept in a dry atmosphere prior to being used in the process.

Abstract: A method includes at least two-stage process for the oligomerization of short-chain olefins in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the regeneration of the catalyst is stage-customized.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides natural gas and petrochemical processing systems, including oxidative coupling of methane reactor systems that may integrate process inputs and outputs to cooperatively utilize different inputs and outputs in the production of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas and other hydrocarbon feedstocks. The present disclosure also provides apparatuses and methods for heat exchange, such as an apparatus that can perform boiling and steam super-heating in separate chambers in order to reach a target outlet temperature that is relatively constant as the apparatus becomes fouled. A system of the present disclosure may include an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) subsystem that generates a product stream comprising compounds with two or more carbon atoms, and a dual compartment heat exchanger downstream of, and fluidically coupled to, the OCM subsystem.

Abstract: A process is incorporated herein for the synthesis of bio-1,2-alkanediols, comprising: providing a bio-alkene having a carbon chain of about 5 to about 20 carbon atoms and a bio-1-alkene regioselectivity of at least about 80%, at least about 92% and/or at least about 95%; and converting the bio-alkene to a bio-1,2-alkanediol having a carbon chain length of about 5 to about 20 carbon atoms. Methods for treating catalysts which may be incorporated in the process for the synthesis of bio-1,2-alkanediols are also included herein. Such bio-1,2-alkanediols are used in compositions and products alone as antimicrobial materials, or with existing bio-compounds and/or antimicrobials, preservatives, alternative preservation systems and/or hurdle technology components. The bio-1,2-alkanediols incorporate a natural and bio-based pathway for antimicrobial effects in various compositions such as cosmetic, pharmaceutical, industrial and household products.

Abstract: A method of separately producing tert-butanol and sec-butanol, comprising the steps of introducing a mixed butenes stream to a tube side of a reaction membrane unit, introducing a TBA reactor water feed to the tube side of the reaction membrane unit, introducing a sweep gas to a shell side of the reaction membrane unit, introducing an SBA reactor water feed to the shell side, allowing the mixed butenes stream to contact the tube side of a such that selective gases in the mixed butenes stream permeate through the membrane to the shell side, allowing the selective gases that permeate through the membrane to react with water to produce sec-butanol, allowing retentate gases that fail to permeate through the membrane to react with water to produce tert-butanol, collecting the tert-butanol in a TBA reactor effluent, and collecting the sec-butanol in a SBA reactor effluent.

Abstract: There are provided methods and systems to form propylene chlorohydrin by hydrolysis of dichloropropane in presence of Lewis acid and to further form propylene oxide from the propylene chlorohydrin.

Abstract: A method for preparing trimethylolpropane, the method including: subjecting dimethylolbutanal (DMB) to a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a metal catalyst and an alcohol solvent. During the hydrogenation reaction, a weight ratio of the alcohol solvent based to dimethylolbutanal is 2 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cycloalkyl-hydroxyl compounds, compositions comprising hydroxyl compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing a variety of diseases and conditions such as, but not limited to aging, Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, a disorder of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension, impotence, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid elimination in bile, obesity, oxysterol elimination in bile, pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, phospholipid elimination in bile, renal disease, septicemia, Syndrome X, thrombotic disorder. Compounds and methods of the invention can also be used to modulate C reactive protein or enhance bile production in a patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel organic solubilisation and/or extraction solvent comprising at least one compound selected from the group of saturated monocyclic terpenoids, to an extraction method using said solvent, and to extracts obtained by said method. More particularly, the invention relates to a novel use of para-menthane, a saturated terpenoid compound, as a solvent derived from natural substances, and also to a solvent comprising para-menthane.

Abstract: Provided are: a method for producing fluorenylidene diallylphenols represented by formula (1), the method including a reaction step for reacting fluorenones represented by formula (2) and allylphenols represented by formula (3) in the presence of an acid catalyst, excluding compounds having mercapto groups, the amount of acid catalyst being 0.001-20 mol per mol of compound represented by formula (2); and fluorenylidene diallylphenols represented by formula (4).

Abstract: In alternative embodiments, provided are industrial processes and methods for extracting or removing cannabinoids, flavonoids and terpenes from plant materials such as trichomes. In alternative embodiments, the cannabinoids, flavonoids and terpenes are extracted or removed from the plant materials using a non-polar, organic solvent, or a mixture of non-polar, organic solvent and polar, organic solvent.

Abstract: Provided is a thermally stable bisphenol composition whose increase in the Hazen color number is suppressed even under higher temperature conditions. A bisphenol composition including an aryl alkyl sulfide or a dialkyl disulfide at 0.1 ppb by mass to 1% by mass with respect to a bisphenol. A bisphenol composition including an aryl alkyl sulfide or a dialkyl disulfide at a predetermined ratio is thermally stable in terms of the Hazen color number, and shows no coloring problem under high temperature conditions. By using such a bisphenol composition, a polycarbonate resin having an excellent color tone can be produced.

Abstract: A bisphenol composition including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate, and a simple method of producing it are provided. Also provided is a method of producing a polycarbonate resin in which, by using the bisphenol composition including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate, melt polymerization reaction can be efficiently allowed to proceed to produce a polycarbonate resin having an excellent color tone. A bisphenol composition including an aromatic alcohol sulfonate at not less than 0.1 ppb by mass with respect to a bisphenol. A method of producing a bisphenol composition, including reacting a ketone or an aldehyde with an aromatic alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid to produce a bisphenol composition. A method of producing a polycarbonate resin, including producing a polycarbonate resin using the bisphenol composition. A polycarbonate resin including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate.