Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for delivering vagus nerve stimulation and carotid baroreceptor stimulation to patients for treating chronic heart failure and hypertension. The vagus nerve stimulation and carotid baroreceptor stimulation therapies may be provided using a single implantable pulse generator, which can coordinate delivery of the therapies.

Abstract: A one-piece electrical contact ring for use in a lead receptacle of an implantable medical device includes (i) a tubular body defining a cavity extending through the body and (ii) a plurality of resiliently deflectable elements extending from the tubular body into the cavity. The deflectable elements have a lead contacting portion configured to contact the lead when received by the cavity. The lead contacting portions of the deflectable elements in a relaxed state are located in a plane that intersects the tubular body and are configured to deflect along the plane towards the tubular body as the lead is inserted in the contact ring. The contact ring may further include a plurality of stops, each configured to (i) engage a stop portion of the elements when the elements are sufficiently outwardly deflected and (ii) inhibit further outward deflection of the elements when the stops engage the stop portions.

Abstract: An enhanced RF switchable filtered feedthrough for real-time identification of the electrical and physical integrity of an implanted AIMD lead includes a DOUBLE POLE RF switch disposed on the device side. Additionally, the RF switchable filtered feedthrough can optionally include transient voltage suppressors (TVS) and an MRI mode. In an embodiment, a DOUBLE POLE RF switch selectively disconnects EMI filter capacitors so that an RF test/interrogation signal is sent from the AIMD down into an implanted lead(s). The reflected RF signal is then analyzed to assess implanted lead integrity including lead body anomalies, lead insulation defects, and/or lead conductor defects. The Double Pole switch is configured to be controlled by an AIMD control signal to switch between FIRST and SECOND THROW positions.

Abstract: Described herein are implantable medical devices (IMDs), and methods for use therewith, that enable monitoring of impedance associated with a pathway (e.g., including a lead) used to selectively deliver stimulation pulses to patient tissue. A method involves measuring or storing a first voltage indicative of the energy stored on a reservoir capacitor (Cres) just prior to a stimulation pulse being delivered via the pathway, as well as measuring or storing a second voltage indicative of the energy stored on the Cres just after the stimulation pulse is delivered via the pathway. The method also includes monitoring the impedance associated with the pathway based on a difference between the first and second voltages, which may involve determining a count value indicative of how long it takes to discharge the first voltage to drop to the second voltage, wherein the count value is a surrogate of the impedance associated with the pathway.

Abstract: Systems and methods involve an intrathoracic cardiac stimulation device operable to provide autonomous cardiac sensing and energy delivery. The cardiac stimulation device includes a housing configured for intrathoracic placement relative to a patient's heart. A fixation arrangement of the housing is configured to affix the housing at an implant location within cardiac tissue or cardiac vasculature. An electrode arrangement supported by the housing is configured to sense cardiac activity and deliver stimulation energy to the cardiac tissue or cardiac vasculature. Energy delivery circuitry in the housing is coupled to the electrode arrangement. Detection circuitry is provided in the housing and coupled to the electrode arrangement. Communications circuitry may optionally be supported by the housing. A controller in the housing coordinates delivery of energy to the cardiac tissue or cardiac vasculature in accordance with an energy delivery protocol appropriate for the implant location.

Abstract: Device for generating the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) spectrum comprises a resonator for forming the FPU electromagnetic spectrum (FPU resonator), comprising a two-port generator for generating vibrations, each port of the generator comprising a coil, a capacitor and a nonlinear controlled electronic element, said coils have opposite winding and are counter-connected, have the same number and diameter of turns, and the turns of one coil are disposed alternately between the turns of the other coil; the generator ports are connected to generate vibrations due to positive feedback between the generator ports; a power supply for supplying power to a connection point of the coils, and a switch on circuit connected to the two-port generator. A medical device and a method are provided for therapeutic impact on lesions in body tissues by resonance exposure of the FPU recurrence spectra in body tissues.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and components thereof enable selective or differentiated manipulation of at least one of a plurality of particles located in a region of space via magnetic field generation and variation.

Abstract: An adjustable illuminator for photodynamically diagnosing or treating a surface includes a plurality of first panels and at least one second panel. The plurality of first panels have wider widths and the at least one second panel has a narrower width. The narrower width is less than the wider widths. The illuminator further includes a plurality of light sources, each mounted to one of the plurality of first panels or the at least one second panel and configured to irradiate the surface with substantially uniform intensity visible light. The plurality of first panels and the at least one second panel are rotatably connected. The at least one second panel is connected on each side to one of the plurality of first panels. The second panel acts as a “lighted hinge” to reduce or eliminate optical dead spaces between adjacent panels when the illuminator is bent into a certain configuration.

Abstract: An optical output device for skin care, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, comprises: a substrate disposed such that at least one light source is oriented toward a user's skin; a front cover covering one surface of the substrate; a rear cover covering the other surface of the substrate; a wearing device coupled to the rear cover so as to make contact with a part of the user's body such that the optical output device for skin care is worn by the user; and a wearing detection sensor for detecting whether the user is wearing the device.

Abstract: Provided a method of sterilization by ultraviolet irradiation whereby effects on the human body can be mitigated and an odor that arises after ultraviolet irradiation can be controlled. The sterilization method includes: a step (a) of irradiating a skin of a hand or arm with ultraviolet having a wavelength of 200 nm or more and 230 nm or less; and a step (b) of applying a topical skin preparation, cosmetic, or aqueous solution containing at least one amino acid or amino acid derivative selected from an amino acid group A to a region of the skin irradiated with the ultraviolet. The amino acid group A includes valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, arginine, serine, aspartic acid, proline, and glycine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of utilizing deuterons (nuclear particles consisting of a proton and a neutron) for charged particle radiotherapy. Compared with proton therapy, at their maximum treatment depth of 66 mm, 125 MeV deuterons possess 82-85% less beam straggling than protons. This difference enables better protection of radiosensitive critical tissues that may be in contact with a tumor. Alternatively, it enables higher doses to be delivered to the tumor, resulting in better tumor control. The implementation of deuteron therapy interchangeably alongside proton therapy requires minor modifications at modest cost to many existing proton therapy systems and provides a clinically useful hybrid particle therapy facility. A free-standing deuteron therapy facility that employs only deuterons is also described.

Abstract: A body-insertable device having an adjustable radiation emission direction and radiation emission range, which includes a first outer body extending to be long and an accommodation space having a first accommodation space and a second accommodation space having different distances to the first outer body.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to treatment planning systems for a radiotherapy apparatus. In one implementation, a treatment planning system may include a computational processor configured to apply a set of instructions to an input data set. The input data set may include a three-dimensional dose distribution for delivery by the radiotherapy apparatus to a volume to be irradiated, a three-dimensional volume image characterizing tissue types within the volume to be irradiated, and a set of apparatus parameters which characterize the radiotherapy apparatus. The set of instructions may include a computational process configured to output a treatment plan for delivery of the dose distribution by the radiotherapy apparatus, by optimising a function representing a time-dependent response of the tissue types to an applied radiation.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance apparatus which may include: a body portion having a cavity with a first and second ends and at least one opening situated at one of the first and second ends. The cavity may define a longitudinal axis (LA) extending between the first and second ends. At least one main magnet may generate a main magnetic field having a substantially homogenous magnetic field within the cavity. A center shim (CS) which may be formed from a ring having opposed edges and which may extend along a length of the longitudinal axis of the cavity. One or more discrete shims (DSs) may be situated between the CS and at least one of the first and second ends.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a therapeutic apparatus including an MRI apparatus configured to acquire MRI data with respect to a region of interest. The MRI apparatus may include a plurality of main magnetic field coils coaxially arranged along an axis. The MRI apparatus may also include a plurality of shielding coils arranged coaxially along the axis. A current within at least one of the shielding coils may be in the same direction with a current within the main magnetic field coils.

Abstract: A Boron neutron cancer treatment system has a secondary moderator having a central treatment chamber, and several generators, each comprising a pre-moderator block, an acceleration chamber, a vacuum pump engaging the acceleration chamber at a right angle, a plasma ion chamber opening into the acceleration chamber, a gas source providing deuterium gas to the plasma ion chamber, a microwave energy source ionizing the gas in the plasma ion chamber, a cylindrical primary isolation well extending into the pre-moderator block, a secondary isolation well surrounding the primary isolation well, and a water-cooled titanium target disk at a lower extremity of the isolation well. The neutron generators are positioned around the secondary moderator with the axis of each acceleration chamber passing through the center of the treatment chamber, and with the angled sides of the neutron generators fully adjacent.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a neutron capture therapy system, including a neutron generator to generate neutrons after irradiation by charged particles, and a beam shaping assembly includes a moderator and a reflector surrounding the moderator. A vacuum tube connected to the accelerator is provided at an accommodating portion. The vacuum tube transmits the charged particles accelerated by the accelerator to the neutron generator to generate neutrons. The neutron generator moves between a first position and a second position, at the first position, the neutron generator react with the charged particle beam to generate neutrons, at the second position, the neutron generator falls off the beam shaping assembly. The vacuum tube is detached to make the neutron generator fall off the beam shaping assembly, to reduce direct contact of a worker with the neutron generator after nuclear reactions, thereby reducing radioactive hazards for workers.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems are disclosed for treating patients with ultrasound targeted at regions of the brain. An ultrasound transducer is positioned on a patient's head to target a region of the patient's brain for ultrasound therapy. An ultrasound wave is emitted at the target region of the patient's brain. At least partially concurrently, a fMRI imaging device generates real time images of activity in the patient's brain, for example by ASL protocol, BOLD protocol, or a combination thereof. Activity in the patient's brain caused by the ultrasound wave is detected, typically a distance ? from the target region. The transducer is repositioned or reoriented to correct for ? and better target the region, and another series of ultrasound waves are directed at the target region with improved accuracy.

Abstract: The present invention comprises methods and devices for modulating the activity or activities of living cells, such as cells found in or derived from humans, animals, plants, insects, microorganisms and other organisms. Methods of the present invention comprise use of the application of ultrasound, such as low intensity, low frequency ultrasound, to living cells to affect the cells and modulate the cells' activities. Devices of the present invention comprise one or more components for generating ultrasound waves, such as ultrasonic emitters, transducers or piezoelectric transducers, composite transducers, CMUTs, and which may be provided as single or multiple transducers or in an array configurations. The ultrasound waves may be of any shape, and may be focused or unfocused.

Abstract: A surgical instrument includes an end effector and a handle assembly. The end effector is configured to operate at a first energy level and at a second energy level. The end effector is further configured to transition between an open position and a closed position. The end effector is configured to grasp tissue in the closed position. The handle assembly includes a body, a trigger, and an activation element. The trigger is configured to pivot in a first direction relative to the body to actuate the end effector from the open position to the closed position. The activation element is configured to activate the end effector at either the first energy level or the second energy level. The trigger is configured to either activate the activation element or determine whether the end effector operates at the first energy level or the second energy level.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are oral care compositions comprising: an orally acceptable vehicle comprising greater than about 50 wt. % water; and a preservative system comprising: benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid or a salt of benzoic acid; and an alkylene glycol. Methods of making and using these compositions are also described herein.

Abstract: An emergency fitting apparatus including a fitting body member having a first end and an opposing second end, a first port disposed at the first end of the fitting body member and formed to mount to a high-pressure compressor, a second port disposed at the second end of the fitting body member and formed to mount to a high-pressure flask, and a third port disposed between the first and second ports and formed to detachably mount to at least one self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) air cylinder.

Abstract: Improved personal protective equipment facial wear including, in one embodiment, an at least partly adhesive mask, and one or more adhesive eye shields. In one implementation, the mask avoids significant contact with the delicate periorbital skin of the wearer, yet provides a substantially airtight seal so as to preclude moisture vapor transfer and “fogging” of eyeware or instruments. In another implementation, adherence of the eye shield is at least partially overlapping with the mask and creates an at least partial seal around a perimeter of the eye shield. Further, an at least partial seal is formed around a perimeter of the mask. The mask and eye shield additionally prevent nasal air flow obstruction, and address the problem of skin irritation and attachment during normal facial expression and movement of the wearer.

Abstract: A method of fit testing includes providing a respirator donned by a wearer, providing an aerosol generator with a known aerosol output parameter, providing an enclosure that is physically supported around the wearer's head, where the aerosol generator delivers aerosol with the known aerosol output parameter that is at least partially contained within the enclosure around wearer's head, providing a sensor in electrical communication with a sensing element, where the sensor is operably connected to the respirator, and where the sensor is configured to monitor a particulate concentration parameter within the respirator, and providing a reader configured to communicate with the sensor, where the reader is configured to provide a respirator fit parameter based on a comparison of the particulate concentration parameter to the known aerosol output parameter.

Abstract: When using oxygen gas pipes 3, situations can arise, in particular due to slag return and similar dangers, in which the operator must initiate safety measures. Slag return safety devices are known which, in such a case, ensure that the gas flow is stopped by melting a cap 35 of a heat sensor 5. The response of this outlet valve 6 of the slag return safety device can be recognized, for example, by the fact that the inlet pressure of the existing oxygen gas 4 is used to push pins 21 located in the wall 19 of the oxygen gas pipe 3 beyond the outside 27 of the oxygen gas pipe 3, so that they cannot be overlooked as a warning signal. The movement of the pins 21 can be used to activate further signal systems 30 in order to provide additional indications of this movement optically and/or acoustically.

Abstract: System and methods to provide ceiling-only suppression fire protection of up to fifty feet (50 ft.) of rack storage of cartoned unexpanded plastic commodities and less hazardous commodities, such as for example, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 4 and/or combinations thereof beneath a ceiling having a maximum ceiling height up to fifty-five feet (55 ft.). The systems and methods provide for hydraulic and system parameters that include a hydraulic design area based upon five to no more than twelve hydraulically most remote sprinklers spaced at a preferred sprinkler-to-sprinkler spacing of eight to ten feet (8-10 ft.) coupled to two to four branch lines tied to a common cross main supply pipe of firefighting fluid.

Abstract: A fire arrester and a fire resistant structure of a fire safety cabinet is disclosed. The fire resistant structure includes a bottom plate and a cover plate connected together, a heat insulation layer between the bottom plate and the cover plate, wherein the bottom plate includes a fire prevention opening, the fire prevention opening having a fire prevention opening cover nut, wherein one side of the fire prevention opening near the heat insulation layer is provided with a fire prevention opening filter, the fire prevention opening filter being connected to the bottom plate. A fire arrester is provided on the cover plate, the fire arrester includes a fire arrester shell, an accommodating cavity provided therein, a fire blocking core in the accommodating cavity, and a connection portion extending one end of the fire arrester shell, wherein a plurality of connection holes are provided on the connection portion. An end face of the fire blocking core is flush with an end face of the connection portion.

Abstract: A thermal trigger assembly for remote mechanical actuation of another fire protection system component includes an activation component having a base and a movable member. A bias member biases the movable member from a preactivation to an activated position with respect to the base. A thermally responsive element retains the movable member in the preactivation position until a predetermined thermodynamic condition is reached, when the thermally responsive element loses structural integrity. A flexible connector includes a flexible hollow outer cable housing with one end configured to be stationarily (preferably fixedly) connected with the base. A flexible cable is inside the outer cable housing for sliding movement therein and has one end configured to be stationarily (preferably fixedly) connected with the movable member. The flexible cable is moved with respect to the outer cable housing by movement of the movable member upon loss of structural integrity by the thermally responsive element.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes a base configured to rest on a horizontal floor surface. A vertical pole member is fastened to the base and extends vertically from the floor surface. A cross bar sleeve is fastened to an upper end portion of the vertical pole member and supports a pair of cross bar members extending in opposite directions. One or more elastic resistance members extends from the cross bar members. A rectangular foot support plate is removably supported on the base. This rectangular foot support plate has a pair of spaced apart lugs projecting from an underside surface of the foot support plate along one edge. Each is adapted to fit within one of a plurality of recesses in the base so as to incline the foot support plate at an angle with respect to the base when the foot support plate is supported on the base.

Abstract: A drag gain structure for the gravity wheel of fitness equipment has an eccentric driving member located on the first side of gravity wheel, which has inner and outer side plate sections and an interconnecting piece. One end of outer side plate section is fitted over and fixed to the shaft. One end of inner side plate section is connected to an eccentric position of gravity wheel by the first bias joint pin. A separate bearing pedestal is located on the second side of gravity wheel, including bearings screwed on the shaft, a pedestal shell fitted over the bearing and a radial protruding plate on the periphery of pedestal shell. The protruding end of radial protruding plate is connected to an eccentric position of gravity wheel by the second bias joint pin.

Abstract: An adjustable reformer for exercising is provided. The reformer includes a frame, a carriage slidably mounted to the horizontal frame, and at least one resistance element connected to the carriage. A cord connects the carriage to at least one lower guide and at least one upper guide. Pulling the cord causes movement of the carriage along the frame against resistance provided by the resistance element. The guides can be height adjustable. The reformer can include a cord retraction system. Related methods of exercise are also provided.

Abstract: An arm training band includes a strap having an elongate configuration and a pair of opposed loops coupled to opposite ends of the strap. The loops are specifically configured to fit or hook over a thumb of a user who is wearing the arm training band. The strap may be extended around the upper arm of the user proximate the user's elbow and the loops hooked over the user's thumb. Preferably, the user will wear an arm training hand on each arm when training and practicing proper arm positioning when running.

Abstract: A modular resistance force system includes one or more resistance mechanisms. Each of the one or more resistance mechanisms includes a resistance element disposed about a portion of the axle, a resistance element housing configured to house the resistance element and a resistance substance disposed between the resistance element and the resistance element housing. When the resistance element housing is selectively engaged to rotate relative to the resistance element, that rotation causes a sheering force in a resistance material that is between the fixed and rotating surfaces. Gearing allows specific resistance mechanisms to be engaged to turn with the total of engaged resistance forces creating the sum total of the resistance force created by the modular force system to provide resistance exercise to the user.

Abstract: A wrist support device that includes a palm grip protection strap pivotably attached to a wrist support strap. The palm grip protection strap pivots between a first position in which it is generally perpendicular to the wrist support strap and provides palm protection and a second position in which it is generally parallel to the wrist support strap and out of the user's way. The device includes a fastening system for securing the palm grip protection strap in the second position.

Abstract: An athletic training box that includes firm planar surfaces that transition to soft edges. On the outer surface of the athletic training box the soft edges transition directly from the outer surface into a rounded foam edge without a ridge, or substantial obstacle being presented to cause a safety hazard. An internal frame structure is provided within the athletic training box to support the planar surfaces receiving the force of the jump while also maintaining the “square” 90 degree angles, and thus the parallel jump surfaces of the athletic training box.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lightweight, portable full-body resistance training exercise device. The device is attachable to a planar edge, such as a footboard, headboard, or sideboard of a bed. The device supports a plurality of mounting points for mounting straps and resistance bands. The device permits the position of the resistance bands to be adjusted for optimal anatomic positioning. The device allows for incremental adjustment of resistance to suit a user's strength and training protocol.

Abstract: A system for respiratory training including a housing, a respiratory air channel disposed within the housing, a sensor configured to detect a breathing indicator and transmit a breathing indicator signal, a haptic device disposed within the housing, a processor operatively coupled to the sensor and the haptic device, and a memory device operatively coupled to the processor. The memory device includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to receive the breathing indicator signal from the sensor; generate a breath determination based on the breathing indicator signal; and responsive to the breath determination, cause the haptic device to generate a vibration.

Abstract: A rehabilitation training method using a RGB-D camera is provided, which includes: (a) providing a program screen stored in a database unit to a user through a display unit; (b) receiving program selection information input through a touch type display unit; (c) providing a user information input screen through the display unit and receiving user information input to the information input screen by the user; (d) determining whether to execute the selection program selected by the user in step (b) based on the user information; (e) executing a previous program or the selection program in accordance with the determination of step (d); and (f) providing an evaluation result of the user analyzed by photographing the user who executes the executing program in accordance with the execution of the previous program or the selection program using a RGB-D camera.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of detecting and categorising an event occurring on a sports field, the method comprising: obtaining a series of ball and player position data measurements; determining a rotation rate of the ball device over the time period from data received from the ball device; determining the player is likely in possession of the ball based on a plurality of possession tests comprising: comparing a current position of the ball device and the player device to identify a relative distance between the ball device and the player device and calculating if the relative distance is lower than a reference value; comparing an obtained velocity of the ball device and the player device, respectively, to identify a relative velocity of the ball device with respect to the player device and calculating if the relative velocity is lower than a reference value; and, calculating if the rotation rate of the ball device is lower than a reference value; subsequently

Abstract: An athletic parameter measurement device worn by an athlete during an athletic activity session includes a housing which attaches to the athlete, a display, a processor associated with the display, and an athletic parameter measurement sensor. During the athletic activity, the device detects, using the sensor, a vertical jump height of the athlete, and displays, during the performance of the athletic activity session, a representation of the vertical jump height on the display.

Abstract: An open-heel shoe swim fin includes a paddle portion and a shoe portion. The shoe portion has a sole portion made as one piece with the paddle portion, and a first coupling system for a strap is arranged on the sides of the shoe portion. The strap is connected to a heel member and the sole portion has a second coupling system for the strap provided in proximity of the end opposite the end facing the paddle portion.

Abstract: In a multi-piece solid golf ball having a core, a cover and an intermediate layer therebetween, the core, an intermediate layer-encased sphere and the ball have surface hardnesses which satisfy a specific relationship. and the intermediate layer and the cover have thicknesses which satisfy a specific relationship. Also, the core has a hardness profile in which the hardnesses at the core surface, core center, a position 5 mm from the core center, and a position midway between the surface and center of the core satisfy specific relationships. This golf ball, when used by mid- and high-level amateurs, enables the golfer to maintain an adequate distance on shots with a driver and achieve a good distance on iron shots, has a good spin performance on approach shots and has a good feel on impact. In addition, the ball has an excellent scuff resistance when struck with a grooved wedge.

Abstract: The present invention compromises a novel softball training aid that accelerates the ability an understanding of throwing and spinning a softball in different orientations.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf club heads, golf clubs, and methods to manufacture golf club heads and golf clubs are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club head may include a body portion having an interior cavity, a front portion, a rear portion, a toe portion, a heel portion, a sole portion, and a top portion. A face portion having a face center is attached to the front portion. A port on the body portion may be connected to the interior cavity such that the interior cavity is at least partially filled with a polymer material from the port and such that the interior cavity at least partially extends over the port. A maximum width of the interior cavity may be below the face center and above the port. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A golf club having unique mass properties and all the benefits afforded therefrom.

Abstract: A golf putting club includes an elongated shaft having a gripped first end, and a putter head attached to the second end. A faceplate is removably secured onto the front end of the putter head. The faceplate is constructed from a material that is tuned to generate a specific note when striking a golf ball. A sound gap for generating and increasing a volume associated with the note the faceplate makes when striking the golf ball is located between the back surface of the faceplate and the front wall of the putter head. The putter includes a plurality of different removable faceplates each being pre-tuned to generate a different specific note when striking a golf ball.

Abstract: A golf tee includes a stem positionable in or on the ground; and a head connected to the stem for supporting a golf ball. The head is configured to surround and support a portion of the golf ball, including the portion of the ball facing a golf player when positioned to hit the golf ball. The head includes a back portion configured to be impacted by a golf club of the golf player and two side portions extending from the back portion and wrapping around opposite sides of the golf ball to surround up to 180° of the circumference of the golf ball to inhibit side spin of the golf ball upon impact by the golf club. The back portion of the head of the golf tee includes a flat planar element extending substantially across the back portion and configured to provide a visual cue to guide the golf player to square the face of the golf club at impact when striking the golf ball.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to training devices used in the stick sports, particularly hockey, floorball and rural hockey, to improve users or corresponding stick sport players stick-handling abilities. A training device comprises at least three cross-members (10) that are connected to each other by means of support columns (20) and said connection is provided by means of a pin (30).

Abstract: A climbing structure includes a support frame and a wall assembly. The wall assembly comprises a chain arranged as a loop with an array of climbing panels attached to the chain so as to maintain a configuration that rotates the climbing panels downward as the user climbs to achieve a continuous climbing experience. A lower shaft assembly includes a shaft that rotates based on an angle of the wall assembly. A sprocket is mounted to the shaft such that the shaft and the sprocket rotate independently to maintain tension on the chain as the climbing panels rotate downward. A cable hub assembly is rigidly attached to the shaft and secures a cable that is attached to the support frame. A disc braking system includes a disc rigidly attached to the shaft and a caliper mounted on bearing bolts such that the disc braking system fixes the angle of the wall assembly without affecting the continuous climbing experience.

Abstract: A system and method for improving a golf swing. The system includes a club lie angle calculator, a golf club grabber, and a propeller channel for creating and supporting a swing plane for a user equal to the lie angle of a given golf club.