Abstract: A steel material contains, in mass %, C: 0.005 to 0.050, N: 0.05 to 0.30, Si: 0.1 to 1.5, Mn: 0.1 to 7.0, P: 0.005 to 0.100, S: 0.0001 to 0.0200, Cr: 18.0 to 28.0, Cu: 0.1 to 3.0, Ni: 0.1 to 8.0, Mo: 0.1 to 5.0, Al: 0.001 to 0.050, B: 0.0001 to 0.0200, and Ca: 0.0001 to 0.0100. An area ratio of an austenitic phase ranges from 30% to 70% and formulae (I) and (II) below are satisfied. 1.03?[% Cr*F]/[% Cr]?1.40??Formula (I) 1.05?[% Mn*A]/[% Mn]?1.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a lightweight steel plate with ultrahigh strength and high toughness includes, in percent by weight: 0.30-0.45 wt % C, 1.0-2.0 wt % Si, 2.0-4.0 wt % Al, 6.0-7.0 wt % Mn, 0.30-0.50 wt % V, 0.02-0.05 wt % Nb, 0.001-0.005 wt % B, N?0.003 wt %, P?0.015 wt %, S?0.005 wt %, Fe, and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: A method of heat treating a localised region of a component including providing a heat treatment assembly with two or more subassemblies. Each subassembly is configured to partially circumscribe a portion of the component for heat treatment. Each subassembly includes a housing configured to partially circumscribe a portion of the component. An insulator and a heater are provided within the housing and extend to partially circumscribe a component and are arranged such that the insulator is between a wall of the housing and the heater. The method includes positioning the subassemblies adjacently around the component so that the subassemblies fully circumscribe the component. The subassemblies are connected together. The method includes activating the heater to heat the component in a region adjacent the heater.

Abstract: An embodiment of a superalloy composition includes 1.5 to 4.5 wt % Al; 0.005 to 0.06 wt % B; 0.02 to 0.07 wt % C; 21.0 to 26.0 wt % Co; 11.5 to 16.0 wt % Cr; 8.50 to 19.0 wt % Ta; 0.005-0.10 wt % Zr; and balance Ni and incidental impurities.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a clock screw having a deep interference film blue color that contributes to decorativeness while also having superior scratch resistance and corrosion resistance, and a method for producing the same. The means for solving provided by the present invention consists of: a clock screw comprising a screw base material made of steel containing carbon at 0.5% by weight to 1.0% by weight, an oxide layer of the steel on the screw base material having a thickness of 60 nm to 80 nm, and a fluorine coating film on the oxide layer; and, a method for producing the clock screw comprising: a step for preparing the screw base material, a step for forming the oxide layer by heating the screw base material for 30 minutes or longer at a temperature of 300° C. or lower in an air atmosphere, and a step for forming the fluorine coating film on the oxide layer.

Abstract: A high strength galvanized steel sheet having excellent surface qualities, plating adhesion, and formability is provided, wherein a galvanized layer is formed on a cold-rolled steel sheet comprising 0.1-0.3 wt % of C, 1-2.5 wt % of Si, 2.5-8 wt % of Mn, 0.001-0.5 wt % of sol. Al, at most 0.04 wt % of P, at most 0.015 wt % of S, at most 0.02 wt % of N (excluding 0 wt %), 0.1-0.7 wt % of Cr, at most 0.1 wt % of Mo, (48/14)*[N] to 0.1 wt % of Ti, 0.005-0.5 wt % of Ni, 0.01-0.07 wt % of Sb, at most 0.1 wt % of Nb, and at most 0.005 wt % of B, with the remainder being Fe and other inevitable impurities.

Abstract: A steel for induction hardening according to an aspect includes, as a chemical composition, predetermined amounts of alloy elements and a remainder including Fe and impurities, in which Al×N is 0.000330 to 0.000825, Mn/S is 4.6 to 14.0, a machinability index M is 15.5 to 25.65, an area fraction of AlN having an equivalent circle diameter of more than 200 nm at a ¼ position of a diameter of the steel is 20% or less of an area fraction of all AlN having an equivalent circle diameter of 40 nm or more, and a number density of Mn sulfide-based inclusions having a maximum diameter of 0.3 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less at the ¼ position of the diameter is 100 pieces/mm2 or more and 2500 pieces/mm2 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a boron nitride nanotube-reinforced aluminum composite casting, the method being capable of reducing cost. The method for producing a boron nitride nanotube-reinforced aluminum composite casting comprises the steps of: (a) mixing boron nitride nanotubes and a first aluminum matrix and then pelletizing the resulting mixture; (b) heating and subjecting pellets obtained in step (a) to melt mixing to obtain a melt; (c) cooling and solidifying the melt obtained in step (b) to obtain a master batch; and (d) subjecting the master batch obtained in step (c) and the second aluminum matrix to melt mixing, and then cooling and solidifying the resulting mixture.

Abstract: A process includes solution heat treating a nickel based superalloy with greater than about 40% by volume of gamma prime precipitate to dissolve the gamma prime precipitate in the nickel based superalloy; cooling the nickel based superalloy to about 85% of a solution temperature measured on an absolute scale to coarsen the gamma prime precipitate such that a precipitate structure is greater than about 0.7 micron size; and wrought processing the nickel based superalloy at a temperature below a recrystallization temperature of the nickel based superalloy. A material includes a nickel based superalloy with greater than about 40% by volume of gamma prime precipitate in which the precipitate structure is greater than about 0.7 micron size.

Abstract: A flux composition for treating a metal surface prior to batch hot galvanizing in molten zinc-based alloys is disclosed. The flux composition can include (a) 40 to 70 wt. % zinc chloride, (b) 10 to 30 wt. % ammonium chloride, (c) 6 to 30 wt. % of a set of at least two alkali or alkaline earth metal halides, (d) from 0.1 to 2 wt. % lead chloride, and (e) from 2 to 15 wt. % tin chloride, provided that the combined amounts of lead chloride and tin chloride represent at least 2.5 wt. % of the composition. A fluxing bath having this flux composition dissolved in water for use in galvanizing processes, as well as, a method for continuous or batch-wise treatment of metal articles in order to produce a protective coating layer with a thickness ranging from 5 to 30 ?m is also disclosed.

Abstract: A plasma spraying system is provided for coating a substrate. The plasma spraying system includes a plasma gun, a nozzle and a mounting system. The plasma gun is adapted to direct plasma towards the substrate. The nozzle is adapted to direct coating medium into the plasma. The mounting system is adapted to rotate the nozzle to change an angle of incidence between the coating medium and the plasma.

Abstract: A plasma spray system including a turntable subsystem operable to position a multiple of work pieces on a respective multiple of workpiece mounts; a plasma spray subsystem operable to plasma spray the multiple of work pieces on said turntable subsystem; and an overspray wash subsystem operable to wash the multiple of work pieces on said turntable subsystem subsequent to plasma spray of the multiple of work pieces.

Abstract: A method of producing a gas turbine engine fan blade having a geometric configuration is provided. The method includes: plastically deforming an initial substrate comprised of a first metallic material into a formed substrate; depositing a second metallic material onto the formed substrate using an additive manufacturing process to produce a blade blank, which depositing includes: additively depositing second metallic material to at least one of the first face surface or the second face surface of the formed substrate adjacent the first end surface, to form a root portion; additively depositing second metallic material to at least one of the first face surface or the second face surface of the formed substrate between the root portion and the second end surface to form an airfoil portion; and shaping the blade blank into the geometric configuration.

Abstract: Apparatus for recording data and method for making the same. In accordance with some embodiments, a magnetic layer is supported by a substrate and comprises a magnetic magnetic material, a non-magnetic material, and an energy assisted segregation material. The segregation material enhances segregation of the non-magnetic material into grain boundaries within the layer at an elevated, moderate energy level.

Abstract: A powder coating apparatus which can form a thin film in which freely selected elements are combined without an impurity being mixed and satisfies that a composition of the obtained thin film is uniform. The powder coating apparatus according to the present invention is a powder coating apparatus including a barrel, exhaust device for evacuating an inside of the barrel, and a sputtering device installed inside the barrel, the barrel having a main axis C directed in a horizontal direction and rotating around the main axis, the sputtering device forming a coating film on a surface of powder put in the barrel, in which the sputtering device has one fixing portion for one target to mount two or more targets, and respective targets are disposed in parallel to each other at the same level position with respect to a direction of the main axis when the target is mounted on the fixing portion.

Abstract: Metallic layers can be selectively deposited on one surface of a substrate relative to a second surface of the substrate. In some embodiments, the metallic layers are selectively deposited on a first metallic surface relative to a second surface comprising silicon. In some embodiments the reaction chamber in which the selective deposition occurs may optionally be passivated prior to carrying out the selective deposition process. In some embodiments selectivity of above about 50% or even about 90% is achieved.

Abstract: A deposited cobalt composition is described, including cobalt and one or more alloy component that is effective in combination with cobalt to enhance adhesion to a substrate when exposed on the substrate to variable temperature and/or delaminative force conditions, as compared to corresponding elemental cobalt, wherein the one or more alloy component is selected from the group consisting of boron, phosphorous, tin, antimony, indium, and gold. Such deposited cobalt composition may be employed for metallization in semiconductor devices and device precursor structures, flat-panel displays, and solar panels, and provides highly adherent metallization when the metallized substrate is subjected to thermal cycling and/or chemical mechanical planarization operations in the manufacturing of the semiconductor, flat-panel display, or solar panel product.

Abstract: A film forming apparatus, including a base having a first chamber, an upper cover for at least covering an opening of the first chamber, and a first seal ring between the upper cover and the base, wherein the upper cover has an inclined slope, an orthographic projection of the slope in a plane where a bottom surface of the base is located overlaps with a region surrounded by an orthographic projection of the first seal ring in the plane where the bottom surface of the base is located, the orthographic projection of the slope is located is outside an orthogonal projection of the first chamber, and a portion of the slope close to the first chamber is away from the bottom surface of the base with respect to a portion of the slope away from the first chamber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method using the same, and more particularly, to a substrate processing apparatus that is capable of improving a flow of a process gas that is participated in a substrate processing process and a substrate processing method using the same.

Abstract: Preform separators are operative to separate porous preforms that undergo chemical vapor integration and deposition (CVI/CVD) to form components such as carbon-carbon composite disc brake rotors. The exemplary preform separators are comprised of thin sheets of organic fibers separated by layers containing adhesives and other materials. Bodies comprised of the plurality of thin sheets and layers undergo carbonization at a controlled rate in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The preform separators have flat planar opposed side faces which abut porous preforms during the CVI/CVD process. Exemplary separators include channels that facilitate the infiltration of carbon carrying gas into the preforms to aid in densification. The preform separators are reusable in a plurality of densification cycles and have non-stick properties.

Abstract: Apparatus for improving substrate temperature uniformity in a substrate processing chamber are provided herein. In some embodiments, a substrate support processing chamber may include a chamber body having a bottom portion and a sidewall having a slit valve opening to load and unload substrates, a pin lift mechanism, disposed in a pin lift mechanism opening formed in the bottom portion of the chamber body, having a plurality of substrate support pins coupled to the pin lift mechanism, a movable substrate support heater having substrate support portion and a shaft, and a cover plate disposed about the shaft of the movable substrate support, wherein the cover plate covers the pin lift mechanism and pin lift mechanism opening.

Abstract: A method for forming a sealing film, in which a buffer layer and a barrier layer whose density is higher than that of the buffer layer are alternately formed on a substrate, includes forming a first buffer layer on a surface of the substrate, forming a first barrier layer on a surface of the first buffer layer, and forming a second buffer layer on a surface of the first barrier layer. A ratio of a thickness of a portion of the first buffer layer in a thickness direction of the substrate relative to a thickness of a portion of the first buffer layer in an inclined direction that is inclined with respect to the thickness direction is closer to 1 than a ratio of a thickness of a portion of the second buffer layer in the thickness direction relative to a thickness of a portion of the second buffer layer in the inclined direction.

Abstract: In an activated gas generation apparatus, metal electrodes are formed on a bottom surface of a dielectric electrode, and are disposed so as to face each other with a central region of the dielectric electrode interposed therebetween in plan view. The metal electrodes face each other along the Y direction. A wedge-shaped stepped part is provided so as to protrude upward in the central region on an upper surface of the dielectric electrode. The wedge-shaped stepped part is formed so as to have a shorter formation width in the Y direction as approaching each of a plurality of gas spray holes in plan view.

Abstract: A method of processing a substrate according to a PECVD process is described. Temperature profile of the substrate is adjusted to change deposition rate profile across the substrate. Plasma density profile is adjusted to change deposition rate profile across the substrate. Chamber surfaces exposed to the plasma are heated to improve plasma density uniformity and reduce formation of low quality deposits on chamber surfaces. In situ metrology may be used to monitor progress of a deposition process and trigger control actions involving substrate temperature profile, plasma density profile, pressure, temperature, and flow of reactants.

Abstract: At least one corrosion protection unit is located adjacent to a region of a structure immersed in an electrolyte. Each corrosion protection unit includes a circuit for applying rectified alternating current voltage between the structure and electrodes in the electrolyte. Each corrosion protection unit includes Reference Cells to produce direct current voltage between the Reference Cells and the structure, a measuring circuit coupled to the Reference Cells for measuring the potential between the Reference Cells and the structure, and a control circuit for controlling the level of the rectified alternating current voltage in accordance with the measured potential levels. Corrosion protection units are independent of one another, so that independently established rectified alternating current voltages are applied between different regions of the structure and e first and second corrosion protection units.

Abstract: The present invention provides an additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining and a method of producing high-purity copper using the additive. The additive of the present invention for high-purity copper electrolytic refining can be added to a copper electrolyte in electrolytic refining for producing high-purity copper. The additive includes a main agent formed of a non-ionic surfactant which has a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group, and a stress relaxation agent formed of a polyvinyl alcohol or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A closed loop electrochemical process of recovery of high-purity lead uses continuous formation of adherent lead on a cathode from an electrolyte that is used to dissolve desulfated lead paste.

Abstract: A process and system is provided for recovery of one or more metal values using solution extraction techniques and for metal value recovery. In an exemplary embodiment, the solution extraction system comprises a first solution extraction circuit and a second solution extraction circuit. A first metal-bearing solution is provided to the first and second circuit, and a second metal-bearing solution is provided to the first circuit. The first circuit produces a first rich electrolyte solution, which can be forwarded to primary metal value recovery, and a low-grade raffinate, which is forwarded to secondary metal value recovery. The second circuit produces a second rich electrolyte solution, which is also forwarded to primary metal value recovery. The first and second solution extraction circuits have independent organic phases and each circuit can operate independently of the other circuit.

Abstract: A method for making a porous metal article of manufacture is provided. The method includes subjecting a saturated aqueous electrolytic solution wherein silver or copper is a donor in a container with two electrodes, where dendrite crystals of silver or copper or silver or copper nanowires are formed and collected. The collected dendrite crystals or nanowires are pressed and sintered, thereafter cooled to room temperature at room temperature and finally pressing the cooled geometric shape to form the porous silver metal article of manufacture. The collected dendrites crystals or nanowires also can be pressed in a carbon based mold or, alternatively, a non-carbon based mold and in vacuum, sintered, cooled to room temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an electrolytic bath for electroplating zinc-particles metal composite coatings of metals with antibacterial ability, which inhibits bacteria growth such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, at least by 87% over its surface. The method of formulating an electrolytic bath that allows the production of antibacterial coatings involves: a) adding metal particles with antibacterial ability suspended in a cationic surfactant to an electrolytic bath containing boric acid, chlorides, polyethylene glycol, benzylideneacetone, sodium benzoate, triethanolamine and dissolved Zn2+salts; b) electroplating the metal composite coating of zinc-antibacterial metal particles by applying direct current density. The occlusion of metal nanoparticles with antibacterial ability in the coating matrix provides a coating with antibacterial characteristics.

Abstract: A method for the galvanoplastic deposition of a gold alloy on an electrode dipped into a bath including gold metal, organometallic compounds, a wetting agent, a sequestering agent and free cyanide, the alloy metals being copper metal and silver metal allowing a mirror-bright yellow gold alloy to be deposited on the electrode characterized in that the bath respects a proportion of 21.53% gold, 78.31% copper and 0.16% silver.

Abstract: An aqueous indium or indium alloy plating bath comprising a source of indium ions, an acid, a source of halide ions, a surfactant according to formula (I) wherein A is selected from branched or unbranched C10-C15-alkyl; B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl; m is an integer ranging from 5 to 25; each R is independently from each other selected from hydrogen and methyl; and a dihydroxybenzene derivative according to formula (II) wherein each X is independently selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, alkoxy, and nitro; n is an integer ranging from 1 to 4, and a process for deposition of indium or an indium alloy wherein the disclosed bath is used.

Abstract: Provided in one example is a sensor having at least one fissure, the fissure being at least partially filled by at least one polymer formation extending vertically within a passivation layer. The polymer formation protects the underlying metal containing layer from corrosive solutions. Provided in another example is a method of forming the polymer formation in a fissure of a sensor.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a functionalized pre-treated carbon nanotube. Atomic Layer deposition is utilized to functionalize a pre-treated carbon nanotube. The functionalized pre-treated carbon nanotube may be used in a chemiresistor, including for methane detection.

Abstract: A method creating a patterned film with cuprous oxide and light comprising the steps of electrodepositing copper from a solution onto a substrate; illuminating selected areas of said deposited copper with light having photon energies above the band gap energy of 2.0 eV to create selected illuminated sections and non-illuminated sections; and stripping non-illuminated sections leaving said illuminated sections on the substrate. An additional step may include galvanically replacing the copper with one or more noble metals.

Abstract: A method of growing a hierarchically structured anodized film to an aluminum substrate including growing a Phosphoric Acid Anodizing (PAA) film layer to an aluminum substrate and growing a multiple of Tartaric-Sulfuric Acid Anodizing (TSA) film layers under the Phosphoric Acid Anodizing (PAA) film layer.

Abstract: A substrate holder has a first holding member having a first surface configured to contact with a substrate, and a second holding member for sandwiching and holding the substrate together with the first holding member. The first holding member has a positioning member for positioning the substrate in contact with the first surface at a prescribed position of the first surface. The positioning member is configured to move between a first position where the substrate is to be positioned at the prescribed position of the first surface, in contact with a peripheral edge part of the substrate, and a second position not in contact with the substrate. The second holding member has a driving member configured to cause the positioning member to be positioned at the first position, at the time when holding the substrate by the first holding member and the second holding member.

Abstract: A method of production of a high insulation resistance, high strength langatate-based single crystal and a langatate-based single crystal are provided. That is, a method of production of a langatate-based single crystal using the Czochralski method of pulling up a crystal from a starting material solution so as to grow a langatate-based single crystal, comprising placing the starting material solution of the single crystal in a platinum crucible and growing the single crystal using the Z-axis as the growth axis in a growth atmosphere of a mixed gas comprising an inert gas in which an oxidizing gas is contained in an amount greater than 5 vol %.

Abstract: Methods for forming single crystal silicon ingots with improved resistivity control. The methods involve growth and resistivity measurement of a sample rod. The sample rod may have a diameter less than the diameter of the product ingot. The resistivity of the sample rod may be measured directly by contacting a resistivity probe with a planar segment formed on the sample rod. The sample rod may be annealed in a thermal donor kill cycle prior to measuring the resistivity.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a turbine engine part, the method including fabricating an ingot out of ceramic material of eutectic composition by performing the Czochralski process including putting a seed of the ingot that is to be obtained into contact with a molten bath of a mixture of eutectic composition in order to initiate the formation of the ingot on the seed, the mixture including at least two ceramic compounds; drawing the ingot from the molten bath while imposing on the ingot that is being formed a drawing speed less than or equal to 10 mm/h together with rotation at a speed of rotation less than or equal to 50 rpm; and machining the ingot as fabricated in this way in order to obtain the turbine engine part.

Abstract: A method of producing silicon carbide is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing a sublimation furnace comprising a furnace shell, at least one heating element positioned outside the furnace shell, and a hot zone positioned inside the furnace shell surrounded by insulation. The hot zone comprises a crucible with a silicon carbide precursor positioned in the lower region and a silicon carbide seed positioned in the upper region. The hot zone is heated to sublimate the silicon carbide precursor, forming silicon carbide on the bottom surface of the silicon carbide seed. Also disclosed is the sublimation furnace to produce the silicon carbide as well as the resulting silicon carbide material.

Abstract: A physical vapor transport (PVT) apparatus suitable for growing SiC boules comprises a crystal growth chamber (with a defined central vertical axis), a sealed crucible containing sublimation source material and including a seed fixture disposed in an offset position with respect to the central vertical axis of the apparatus, and a heat source disposed to surround the crystal growth chamber. The heat source is configured to raise the temperature within the sealed crucible such that the source material vaporizes and deposits on the seed wafer. The offset position of the seed fixture creates a radial temperature gradient across an exposed surface of the seed as the crystal boule is grown.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic fibers and artificial lawn comprising such a fibre. More particularly, the invention relates to grass-like monofilament type fibers having a curved cross section and an artificial grass lawn, especially an artificial grass sports field, comprising such a fibre. According to an aspect of the invention, a synthetic fibre is provided of the monofilament type for use in an artificial lawn, in particular an artificial sports lawn, which synthetic fibre has a curved cross section, wherein the synthetic fibre has a centre line arc length to maximum thickness of less than 8, preferably between 4.5 and 3.8, and even more preferably between 4.4 and 4.0. In an other aspect of the invention, a synthetic fibre is provided of the monofilament type for use in an artificial lawn, in particular an artificial sports lawn, which synthetic fibre has a curved cross section, wherein the circumferential surface of the fibre is provided with a wave shaped pattern.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for preparing graphene-polyamide nanocomposite fiber. The method includes the following steps of: mixing polyamide chips with graphene or modified graphene, and then extruding and palletizing to obtain graphene-polyamide masterbatch; melt-spinning the graphene-polyamide masterbatch after drying the same, to prepare the graphene-polyamide nanocomposite fiber. Compared with the existing industrial polyamide composite fiber, the method of the present invention has the advantages of simple process and low cost, and can effectively improve the production efficiency and capacity; the modified graphene has such an excellent compatibility with the matrix that it can be uniformly dispersed in the matrix, so that the graphene reinforced phase is perfectly compounded with the polyamide matrix material, thereby greatly improving the performance of graphene-polyamide nanocomposite fiber.

Abstract: Monofilaments having high abrasion resistance and dimensional stability and low slide friction, textile fabrics composed thereof and use thereof Disclosed is a polyester monofilament comprising a) 60 to 85 wt.-% of a polyester raw material selected from the group of polyethylene terephthalate, of polyethylene naphthalate, of to polyethylene terephathalate modified with dicarboxylic acid, of polyethylene naphthalate modified with dicarboxylic acid, or of combinations thereof, b) 14.4 to 30 wt.-% of a thermoplastic elastomeric block copolymer, c) 0.05 to 10 wt.-% of a polycarbonate, and d) 0.1 to 10 wt.-% of a carbodiimide stabilizer, wherein the quantities are based on the total amount of the monofilament. The disclosed monofilaments can be preferably used for the manufacture of paper machine clothing and are distinguished by high hydrolytic stability, abrasion resistance and dimensional stability as well as by a very low slide friction.

Abstract: A dyeable polyolefin fiber includes a sea-island structure in which a polyolefin (A) is the sea component and a copolyester (B) obtained by copolymerizing cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid is the island component, the polyolefin fiber characterized in that the dispersion diameter of the island component in a lateral cross section of the fiber is 30 to 1000 nm. The dyeable polyolefin fiber is bright, deep coloring is imparted to the lightweight polyolefin fiber, oxidative decomposition during tumbler drying and yellowing during long-term storage are minimized, and the polyolefin fiber can be suitably used as a fibrous structure.

Abstract: A device and method for regulating pressure in a flock feed include a storage device disposed for receipt of fiber flocks, an exhaust air fan having a drive, and a controller in communication with the drive. A filling level measurement device and a pressure measurement device are provided in the storage device. The controller is configured to regulate the drive to achieve a target pressure as sensed by the pressure measurement device that is based on a filling level of the fiber flocks determined by the filling level measurement device.

Abstract: A workstation (1) of a two-for-one twisting or cabling machine which comprises a rotatably mounted spindle (2) and a balloon-yarn-guide-eye (9) height-adjustable by means of a drive (18, 29) coupled to a control device (20) which controls the drive (18, 29) in such a manner that it displaces the balloon-yarn-guide-eye (9) between operating positions (AP1, AP2) dependent upon production parameters and a resting position (RS) advantageous in the case of production interruptions and transient operating phases associated with the latter. A device (21, 23, 24, 25) is present for detecting a measured value (i), which is made available to the control device (20) and which causes the control of the drive (18, 29) to change the position of the balloon-yarn-guide-eye (9).

Abstract: A system and method of generating a coiled actuator fiber. The method includes twisting a fiber to generate a twisted fiber, wrapping the twisted fiber around a core to generate a coil in the twisted fiber; and removing at least a portion of the core to generate a coiled actuator fiber. In some aspects that fiber can be a yarn with one or more fibers or a fiber comprising a single elongated element. In some aspects, a portion of the core includes a removable sacrificial portion. The removable sacrificial portion can be dissolvable in a solvent or physically removable. In some aspects, the core further includes a non-dissolvable portion that is not dissolvable and generating a coiled actuator can include removing the sacrificial portion by treating a twisted fiber on the core to remove the sacrificial portion and leaving the non-dissolvable portion.

Abstract: A knitting yarn used for forming a knitted product without using any knitting tools, such as crochet hooks or knitting needles. The knitting yarn includes a core thread having a length dimension and a plurality of loops affixed to the core thread, at least a first thread and at least a second thread having different structural and/or physical properties than each other; and the loops of the knitting yarn are made of the first thread, and the core thread is made of the second thread.