Abstract: A wireless communication method includes: generating a first communication information according to a second communication information, wherein the first communication information is arranged to indicate a transmission capable period and a reception capable period of the device arranged to communicate with a peer in a first communication network, and the second communication information is arranged to indicate a transmission period and a reception period of the device for communicating in a second communication network which is different from the first communication network; and transmitting a first frame comprising the first communication information to the peer in the first communication network to initiate a first communication phase with the peer.

Abstract: In at least some embodiments, a channel resource scheduling method includes sending a management frame that includes directional channel quality measurement information. The directional channel quality measurement information includes identifiers of at least two candidate station pairs selected by the access point to perform channel quality measurement and a channel resource that is used for directional channel quality measurement and that is allocated to each candidate station pair in the at least two candidate station pairs. A directional channel quality measurement report returned by each candidate station in the at least two candidate station pairs is received. At least two target station pairs to perform spatial sharing are selected based on the directional channel quality measurement report of each candidate station. In at least some embodiments, the directional channel quality measurement information can be carried in the management frame to save the channel resource and improve system efficiency.

Abstract: To efficiently use uplink resources while fulfilling latency requirements of low latency services, an access node, a resource pool allocated for contention based transmissions of low latency communication services may be used for transmissions of data services, since an access node providing the resource pool, is caused to send, in response to not being able to decode terminal device identification information from a sensed scheduling request, a stop instruction to terminal devices that are using the resource pool to transmissions of the data services. Further, the terminal device that sent the scheduling request is caused to use the resource pool for transmissions of the low latency service if a response is not received within predetermined time.

Abstract: A network node provisions multi-cell System Information (SI) for a serving cell serving a wireless device and some number of second cells by dividing the multi-cell System Information Block (SIB) into multiple SIB instances. At least one of the SIB instances comprises the SIB content for the serving cell, and each remaining SIB instance comprises the SIB content for the cell(s) associated with that SIB instance, where the SIB content for at least one of the SIB instances is compressed. In one embodiment, another of the SIB instances comprises SIB content for one or more of the second cells, which is subsequently compressed before being provided to the wireless device. Each SIB instance is then provided to a wireless device via a corresponding downlink communication channel.

Abstract: A wireless device receives at least one message. The at least one message comprises an uplink semi persistent scheduling (SPS) radio network temporary identifier (RNTI), and a sequence of at least one uplink SPS information element (IE). An uplink SPS IE of the sequence comprises: at least one uplink SPS configuration parameter comprising an uplink SPS interval, and an SPS configuration index for the at least one uplink SPS configuration parameter. A downlink control information (DCI) corresponding to the uplink SPS RNTI may be received. The DCI comprises a first SPS configuration index of one of the at least one uplink SPS IE. At least one transport block may be transmitted employing at least one first uplink SPS configuration parameter corresponding to the first SPS configuration index.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for performing uplink transmission in a wireless communication system and an apparatus therefor. Specifically, a method for performing uplink transmission in a wireless communication system, which is performed by a user equipment includes: receiving, from a base station, configuration information for performing uplink transmission without an uplink grant; and transmitting uplink data, to the base station, through at least one uplink resource configured based on the configuration information, in which the configuration information may be received through a higher layer signaling, and the configuration information may include information related to repetition transmission of the uplink data.

Abstract: In an uplink transmission method of a first communication node, the first communication node receives a reference signal configuration for an UpPTS (uplink pilot time slot) from a second communication node when the UpPTS of a special subframe and a first uplink (UL) subframe are aggregated as an extended UL subframe. Also, the first communication node allocates a reference signal to the first UL subframe of the UpPTS and the first UL subframe based on the reference signal configuration when a number of time domain symbols belonging to the UpPTS is a predetermined number or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carrier scheduling method, device and system for carrier aggregation. The method may include: within a current transmission time interval (TTI), when the number of times of overlapping between search spaces of all user equipment (UEs) to be scheduled satisfies a preset determination condition, selecting a UE-specific downlink control information (DCI) format; marking the selected UE-specific DCI format, and setting scheduling of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) corresponding to the UE-specific DCI format onto an anchor carrier component; setting physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) corresponding to remaining DCI formats other than the UE-specific DCI format onto carrier components for scheduling the PDSCHs corresponding to the remaining DCI formats; and sending the set anchor carrier component and the carrier components set corresponding to the remaining DCI formats to the UEs to be scheduled.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, apparatuses and computer programs for scheduling a transmission. A method implemented at terminal device comprises receiving, from a network device, a scheduling configuration for a device to device, D2D, transmission of the terminal device receiving, from the network device, an uplink scheduling grant for a cellular uplink transmission in a same time resource overlapping with the D2D transmission; determining a scheduling priority for the D2D transmission relative to the cellular uplink transmission based on at least one of: a first comparison between an associated priority of the scheduling configuration and a first priority threshold, and a transmission restriction; and performing at least one of the D2D transmission and the cellular uplink transmission based on the determined scheduling priority. With embodiments of the disclosure, D2D transmission and cellular uplink transmission from a terminal device can be well coordinated.

Abstract: Indication of additional information in 5G systems with a legacy downlink control channel is provided. A method can include receiving, by a device comprising a processor, a scheduling parameter via a message that was transmitted via a downlink control channel by a network device, determining that the scheduling parameter is associated with a non-self-decodable transport block, and, in response to the determining, identifying the scheduling parameter as information distinct from scheduling information for the non-self-decodable transport block.

Abstract: An operation method of a terminal in a communication system includes receiving bandwidth part (BWP) change information from a base station in a BWP i; changing an operation BWP of the terminal from the BWP i to a BWP j even when a transmission and reception procedure of first data in the BWP i is not completed at a BWP changing point indicated by the BWP change information; and performing a data transmission and reception procedure of second data in the BWP j, wherein the BWP i and the BWP j are different BWPs, and i and j are different integers.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) and a base station may use low latency communications to improve the throughput of a wireless link. To facilitate efficient low latency communication, the UE may send UE-initiated CSI reports in addition to periodic and base station-initiated reports. For example, the UE may, in various examples, send UE-initiated CSI reports using contention based spectrum, using a request-to-transmit, or using a CSI differential (i.e., an indicator of a change in channel conditions). The base station may schedule different UEs for uplink low latency communication by providing resources to each UE for CSI and scheduling requests (SRs) using coherent or non-coherent uplink transmissions. The CSI and SR may also be combined with uplink feedback.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a time-critical message in a wireless communication system is provided. A user equipment (UE) (e.g. vehicle UE (V-UE)) receives a grant of resources in a resource pool for the time-critical message from a network (e.g. eNodeB (eNB) or a road side unit (RSU) for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication), and transmits the time-critical message by using the granted resources to another UE. The time-critical message may correspond to V2X communication.

Abstract: Provided are a method for a user equipment (UE) to request system information in a wireless communication system and a device supporting the same. The method may include: transmitting a random access preamble for requesting system information to a base station (BS); receiving, from the BS, a random access response including only a random access preamble identifier (RAPID) corresponding to the transmitted random access preamble; and considering that a random access procedure is completed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for adding a secondary serving cell, an apparatus, a device, and a network system. The method includes: communicating, with each other to acquire a unified serial number of a random access preamble code, a unified serial number of a PRACH mask code, and a unified cell radio network temporary identifier of a terminal; scrambling the serial number of the random access preamble code and the serial number of the PRACH mask code, and then sending the serial number of the random access preamble code and the serial number of the PRACH mask code to the terminal; and determining, a time advance command TAC according to a random access request message that carries the random access preamble code, and sending the TAC to the terminal.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for selectively setting a network allocation vector for a subset of stations as disclosed. A method of reserving access to wireless communication medium for a plurality of wireless devices includes, transmitting a message including a first indication for a first subset of wireless devices of the plurality of wireless devices to set a network allocation vector (NAV) and further includes a second indication for a second subset of wireless devices of the plurality wireless devices to not set the NAV, so as to reserve access to the wireless medium for at least the second subset of the plurality of wireless devices.

Abstract: Apparatuses, computer readable media, and methods for physical layer short feedback. An apparatus of a high efficiency (HE) station is disclosed. The apparatus comprising circuitry configured to: decode a trigger frame for short feedback, the trigger frame comprising an indication of a resource unit (RU) to respond to a short feedback request, where the RU comprises one or more tones and one or more symbols. The circuitry may be further configured to encode a short feedback response to the short feedback request on the RU, where each of the one or more tones of the RU is to be encoded with one or more of: a positive signal, a negative signal, and no signal. The circuitry may be further configured to configure the HE station to transmit the short feedback response to an access point in accordance with orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) using resources of the RU.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are: a method for controlling a contention window size (CWS) for uplink listen-before-talk (LBT) in a wireless communication system supporting an unlicensed band; and a device for supporting the same. More particularly, disclosed are a base station centric CWS controlling method, a terminal centric CWS controlling method, and devices for supporting the same.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to reserving resources in wireless communication systems, such as those employing listen before talk (LBT). The disclosed methods and apparatus employ a channel reservation preamble used in a sequence of burst or data packet transmissions. The preamble including a channel reservation indication is included in a first data packet transmitted from a first network node. The channel reservation indication is configured to indicate a transmission time reservation of channel resources covering the data packet containing the preamble, a second data packet to be received from a second network node responsive to the first data packet, and at least a portion of a third data packet transmitted from the first network node subsequent to the transmission of the second data packet. In this manner, over-reservation of channel resources is mitigated. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.

Abstract: Systems and/or methods of receiving communications at a receiving node that communicates with a transmitting node over a first communication channel and a second communication channel are disclosed. The method includes receiving, at the receiving node, a request-to-send message from the transmitting node over the first communication channel, the request-to-send message indicating that the transmitting node has data to be transmitted to the receiving node over the second communication channel, determining at the receiving node whether the second communication channel is available for reception of the data, in response to determining that the second communication channel is available for reception of the data, reserving the second communication channel for use by the transmitting node, and receiving the data from the transmitting node over the second communication channel.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for sending and/or receiving feedback for a system information request. One apparatus includes a transmitter that transmits information indicating a request for system information. The apparatus includes a processor that monitors, during a predetermined time period, for a feedback response indicating that the request for the system information was received.

Abstract: Certain aspects may help enhance mobility of a UE, for example, utilizing downlink and/or uplink reference signals to assist in locating and/or handing over a UE in a cell with multiple transmit reception points (TRPs).

Abstract: A wireless device receives at least one message from a base station. The at least one message comprises uplink configuration parameters for a cell of the base station. The uplink configuration parameters indicate: a first uplink; a second uplink; and a power value for selecting one of the first uplink and the second uplink. The wireless device determines a scaled power value based on: the power value; and a moving speed of the wireless device. The wireless device selects as a selected uplink, one of the first uplink and the second uplink based on the scaled power value. The wireless device transmits a random access preamble via the selected uplink.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing a Random Access (RA) transmission are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of operating a radio access node in a cellular communications network includes receiving an RA transmission from a wireless device. The method also includes detecting an RA preamble in the RA transmission from the wireless device and estimating a timing parameter of the wireless device using the RA transmission from the wireless device separately from detecting the RA preamble. By estimating the timing parameter separately from detecting the RA preamble, increased detection of the RA preamble is possible while also increasing the precision of the timing parameter estimate. In some embodiments, this separation also enables a complexity reduction of the receiver if a low complexity detector is used first and then the high complexity timing estimator is only used when an RA preamble is detected.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for handling overlap of multiple channels in a wireless communication system is provided. A user equipment (UE), which operates in half-duplex frequency division duplex (FDD), determines that a periodic uplink (UL) transmission collides with a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) reception in a subframe, and performs either the periodic UL transmission or the PDSCH reception in the subframe. When the periodic UL transmission corresponds to a semi-persistent scheduled (SPS) physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), the PDSCH reception is performed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a device including a processing system including a processor, and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processing system, facilitate performance of operations, where the operations include receiving an advertisement identifier; hashing the advertisement identifier, thereby creating a Bluetooth service identifier; transmitting device data including the Bluetooth service identifier in a Bluetooth transmission; and receiving content in a push notification, wherein a system associates the device data with the advertisement identifier to determine whether to create the push notification. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Some demonstrative embodiments include apparatuses, systems and/or methods of Peer to Peer communication. For example, a first wireless device may include a radio to send a first Neighbor Awareness Network (NAN) Service discovery frame including a first Robust peer-to-peer attribute, and to receive from a second wireless device a second NAN Service discovery frame including a second Robust peer-to-peer attribute, the first peer-to-peer attribute including first availability information to indicate at least one first channel and one or more first time slots, the second peer-to-peer attribute including second availability information to indicate at least one second channel and one or more second time slots; and a controller to setup a Robust peer-to-peer connection with the second peer-to-peer device based on the first and second availability information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a terminal controlling system and method for controlling multi-device. A method of operating a terminal controlling system according to the present disclosure includes: by a first terminal, detecting a second terminal and producing detection result information; by the first terminal, transmitting the detection result information to a first control device controlling the first terminal; by the first control device, making a request to a server device for information on the second terminal; by the first control device, making a request to a second control device controlling the second terminal for inter-terminal interworking, using the information on the second terminal received from the server device; by the first control device, receiving a response to the inter-terminal interworking request from the second control device; and by the first terminal, communicating with the second terminal based on the response received from the first control device.

Abstract: Pairing user devices includes receiving an indication of a group of co-located users, receiving information indicative of a topic of conversation of a subgroup of the co-located users, and determining a topic of the discussion using contextual analysis. One or more users of the subgroup of co-located users are identified. Each of the one or more users has a user device associated therewith. The one or more users is added to a communication group associated with the topic. A subset of the user devices for a pairing between the user devices are determined. The pairing between the subset of the user devices is initiated.

Abstract: To enhance a time synchronization accuracy between a plurality of wireless apparatuses in a wireless network. A time synchronization processing part performs a time synchronization processing between a self-apparatus and other apparatus configuring a wireless network together with the self-apparatus. A parent/child determination part determines whether the self-apparatus is a parent node or a child node in the wireless network. The time synchronization processing part performs the time synchronization processing as clock master for a child node under control when the self-apparatus is a parent node, and performs the time synchronization processing as a clock slave for a parent node when the self-apparatus is a child node.

Abstract: Embodiments for managing a wireless communication network by one or more processors are described. The presence of a plurality of mobile electronic devices within a wireless communication network is detected. A device-to-device (D2D) connectability score for each of the plurality of mobile electronic devices is calculated. The calculating of the D2D connectability score for each of the plurality of mobile electronic devices is based on a security posture of the respective mobile electronic device, a privacy posture of the respective mobile electronic device, or a combination thereof. A signal representative of the calculated D2D connectability score for each of the plurality of mobile electronic devices is generated.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for establishing a secondary connection.

Abstract: A method for use in a wireless telecommunications network, the method including: when a secondary base station exhausts a supply of unique parameter sets used in security ciphering of received split radio bearers, the secondary base station sends a notification to a master base station of a requirement to alter data handling resources allocated for handling split radio bearers received from the secondary base station in one or both of the master base station and a terminal device; and the master base station, in response to the notification, operating to effect an alteration in the said data handling resources.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of establishing dual-connectivity to transmit data are disclosed. A PCell of the UE carries out a mapping function and realizes a PDCP layer, a RLC layer, a MAC layer and a physical layer, and a SCell of the UE carries out quality packet data to data radio bearer mapping and realizes a PDCP layer, a MAC layer and a physical layer, in which a core network transmits data of the UE to the PCell, the PCell maps a QoS Flow of the data of the UE which is quality packet data to a data radio bearer on a mapping layer, performs path split, transmits data of respective paths to the UE through the PCell and SCell of the UE, and the UE regroups the data of the respective paths on the PDCP layer, and transmits the regrouped data to an application layer.

Abstract: The same or similar physical signals can be used for both user equipment (UE) and an integrate access backhaul (IAB) node. Different configurations of the resources and/or transmission periods of the signals can be used for initial access for access UEs and IAB nodes. In addition, to support topology formation, mobility/multi-connectivity procedures, and backhaul link management, periodic measurements and reports can be configured by a parent IAB node to a child IAB node UE function. This can comprise radio resource management (RRM), radio link monitoring (RLM), and beam management (L1-BM) measurements and reports.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein improve a customer experience for non-standalone celular networks by displaying a secondary cell group (SCG) network icon after data activity ends while a user device likely remains in SCG coverage. When connected to the SCG, the user device detects inactivity on the connection and initiates a first timer, based on the detecting, while continuing to present an SCG-related icon. If the first timer expires while the user device is in an idle state, the user device initiates a second timer, while continuing to present the SCG-related icon. If the user device detects an active connection before expiration of the second timer, the user device initiates a third timer while continuing to present the SCG-related icon. If the user device fails to detect a connection to the SCG before expiration of the third timer, a master cell group (MCG)-related icon is displayed.

Abstract: This application provides a network access method, an access device, and a terminal device. The access device is connected to at least two different types of core networks. When the terminal device is to connect to a core network, the terminal device sends, to the access device, a first message used to indicate a type of the terminal device. The access device determines the type of the terminal device based on the first message, and determines, based on the type of the terminal device, a target core network to be connected by the terminal device, so that the access device accurately connects the terminal device to the target core network.

Abstract: Techniques for creating a service slice of a network in an underserved area are presented. A vehicle can be associated with a slice component that can generate service slices of a service network for various services. The vehicle can travel to an underserved area that does not have adequate wireless coverage or advance capabilities. For a communication device associated with an entity located in an underserved area, slice component can generate a service slice to connect the communication device to the communication network (and service network), establish a session with the communication device, provide applications, including VNF applications, to the communication device, and communicate information between the communication device and communication network (and service network). If no radio access to the network is available, slice component can continue the session with an internal slice and store information in its service database, which is synced when reconnected to the network.

Abstract: A wireless device receives one or more messages. The one or more messages comprise discontinuous reception configuration parameters comprising a value for a discontinuous reception inactivity timer. A first downlink control information is received that indicates a channel state information request; and no uplink packet transmission. The discontinuous reception inactivity timer is started in response to the first downlink control information indicating the channel state information request and no uplink packet transmission. A second downlink control information is received while the discontinuous reception inactivity timer is running. One or more transport blocks is transmitted based on the second downlink control information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed from the perspective of a network node. In one embodiment, the method includes configuring a UE (User Equipment) with a bandwidth part. The method further includes configuring the UE to use a bandwidth part timer for the bandwidth part. The method also includes configuring the UE with SPS resource on the bandwidth part. In addition, the method includes configuring the UE not to use the bandwidth part timer if length of the bandwidth part timer is shorter than SPS (Semi-Persistent Scheduling) interval for the SPS resource.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention disclose a system and method for multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) operation, the method comprises of receiving, by a User Equipment (UE), a common notification configuration message for a Multi-Cast Control Channel (MCCH) and System Information (SI) change from a network, identifying one or more occasions where MCCH or SI change notification is to be scheduled, configuring, by the UE, a DRX sleep and wake up occasions for the UE based on the scheduling of the MCCH and the SI change notification period, monitoring for MCCH change or SI change notification on Physical Downlink Control Channel PDCCH Format 1C scrambled with M-RNTI on wakeup occasion, determining the change notification based on DCI bits pertaining to SI and/or MCCH of one or more MBMS area, and decoding indicated SI and/or MCCH on PDSCH on CAS sub-frames and/or PMCH channel of respective areas.

Abstract: A radio terminal according to one embodiment comprises a processor. The processor is configured to: forward a data unit from an RLC layer to a MAC layer prior to receiving an uplink grant from a base station; receive the uplink grant for determining a predetermined transport block size from the base station; generate a transport block by performing concatenation or segmentation on the data unit according to the predetermined transport block size in the MAC layer; and transmit the generated transport block to the base station via a PHY layer. The processor is configured to receive TBS information indicating a minimum guaranteed value of a transport block size from the base station. The predetermined transport block size is a value equal to or larger than the minimum guaranteed value.

Abstract: A closed loop carrier sense multiple access multiuser request to send and clear to send handshaking system is provided to efficiently allocate licensed and unlicensed spectrum for a plurality of mobile devices and across different base stations and mobile network operators. A user equipment device can be connected to a base station device via a first frequency in licensed spectrum, and a second frequency in unlicensed spectrum. The air interface on the first frequency can then be used to coordinate physical and virtual carrier sensing on a second frequency among a plurality of user equipment devices. Moreover, carrier sensing results from a plurality of UEs can be reported a base station device via the first frequency in licensed spectrum. The base station device can then schedule multiple user multiple input, multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmissions to a plurality of UEs on the second frequency in unlicensed spectrum.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described that provide for activating and deactivating high-band connections, such as millimeter wave (mmW) connections while maintaining a low-band connection, based on a state of a user equipment (UE). An initial low-band connection, such as a connection that uses lower frequencies than mmW frequencies, may be established by a UE and a base station, and the base station may configure the UE for one or more high-band connections with one or more high-band base stations. The base station may provide an activation command to the UE to activate a high-band connection, and the UE may determine a currently supported mode for the activated high-band connection and establish the high-band connection based on the currently supported mode.

Abstract: A remote unit of a distributed antenna system (DAS) includes: interface device configured to interface with an upstream component of the DAS; and receiver communicatively coupled to an antenna and configured to receive signals from at least one subscriber unit within a coverage area of the DAS. The receiver temporarily reconfigured to receive interference signals from an interfering device outside of the coverage area of the DAS. The interference signals cause a subscriber unit to establish a connection with the interfering device rather than the remote unit of the DAS. The remote unit configured to derive information about the interfering device from the interference signals. The remote unit configured to adjust at least one attribute to cause the subscriber unit to establish connection with the remote unit rather than the interfering device.

Abstract: In a data transmission process of a heterogeneous LWA network, the base station device receives a series of data packets and a signal intensity information. A communication address of each of the series of data packet is directed to a specified user mobile device, and the signal intensity information indicates an intensity of a signal transmitted between the specified user mobile device and a wireless network access point device in communication with the base station device and the specified user mobile device. If the signal intensity information complies with a first specific condition and a status of data transmission associated with the user mobile device complies with a second specific condition, partial data packets are assigned to be transferred to the user mobile device by the wireless network access point device, and partial data packets are assigned to be transferred to the user mobile device by the base station device.

Abstract: A radio terminal according to an embodiment is configured to perform direct communication with another radio terminal. The radio terminal comprises a controller configured to receive first data addressed to said another radio terminal from a base station. When the controller receives the first data from the base station, the controller is configured to also receive information indicating a first radio resource used for transferring the first data to said another radio terminal by the direct communication.

Abstract: A heating tape comprises an insulated heating element that includes a heating element layer comprising a polymer composite having conductive particles and at least one set of conductive electrodes at least partially embedded in the polymer composite and extending along at least a substantial portion of the length of the heating tape. A heating tape system for a pipe or other surface, further includes a power ramp controller having a solid state relay component to regulate an in-rush of current to the heating element. The heating tape system also includes a connector having multiple contact points.

Abstract: An induction heating cooking device includes a cooking table having an auxiliary slit through which light passes; an induction coil for generating a magnetic field so as to inductively heat a cooking container placed on the cooking table; at least one light source disposed at the outer edge of the induction coil; an optical member for changing the traveling direction of light emitted the light source and concentrating the light, and a main slit through which light emitted from the optical member passes so as to form a flame image on the cooking container. The induction heating cooking device forms a virtual flame image on the lower surface of a cooking container at the time of operation of the induction coil, thereby enabling the heating state of the cooking container to be easily recognized.

Abstract: An induction heating device comprising at least one induction coil mounted to a support frame. The support frame is adapted to travel on a surface of an annular metal article to be heated and comprises a wheel set having one or more driven wheels. The support frame is adapted to travel on a side face of the annular metal article and is provided with first guide and second guide elements, which are respectively configured to engage with an outer circumferential surface and an inner circumferential surface of the annular metal article to ensure that the support frame travels on a circular path during use of the device.