Abstract: Provided is a mechanism capable of maintaining the security level while simplifying the WPS protocol. A device includes a processing unit that notifies an access point of a message used to instruct the access point to establish a connection for infrastructure communication with another device on condition that a connection for P2P communication with the other device is established, a connection for infrastructure communication with the access point is established or there is a history in which the connection has been established, and a connection for infrastructure communication between the other device and the access point is not established.

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed that allow data to be sent between a BLUETOOTH® enabled device and a virtual device associated with a corresponding physical device. In particular, embodiments of a virtual mobile device system may include one or more components for processing BLUETOOTH® calls where these components may process received BLUETOOTH® calls in a first manner in a connected state and process BLUETOOTH® calls in a disconnected state in a second manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving data by a base station in a wireless communication system. The present invention may provide a method and an apparatus which performs establishing a first session for transmitting and receiving data to and from a first network node; receiving uplink data for providing a specific service from a UE in a connected or unconnected state; allocating a first UE identifier to identify the UE by a second network node; and transmitting the uplink data to the second network node together with the first UE identifier and a base station identifier for identifying the base station.

Abstract: In a wireless access point, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Common Unit (CU) exchanges media-conferencing data with an LTE Distributed Unit (DU). The LTE DU exchanges the media-conferencing data User Equipment (UEs). The LTE CU determines a media-conferencing load. Based the media-conferencing load, the LTE CU determines a Fifth Generation New Radio (5GNR) Uplink (UL) allocation and an LTE UL allocation for an internet-access service. The LTE CU transfers LTE signaling and 5GNR signaling for delivery to the UEs. The LTE DU receives LTE UL internet data from the UEs per the LTE UL allocation and transfers the LTE UL internet data to the LTE CU. The 5GNR DU receives 5GNR UL internet data from the UEs per the 5GNR UL allocation and transfers the 5GNR UL internet data to the 5GNR CU. The LTE CU may also implement 5GNR/LTE downlink allocations for the internet-access service based on the media-conference load.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for user-defined device connection management. A connection-based rule can be defined. The connection-based rule can include a connection-based condition and an action to be taken when the connection-based condition is detected. Application of the connection-based rule can be detected based upon an activity associated with a device. An applicable connection-based rule can be identified based upon the activity, and the applicable connection-based rule can be implemented.

Abstract: Information about amounts of to-be-transmitted data of a communication group may be reported to a base station, so that the base station can schedule data for the communication group. The information about the amount of the to-be-transmitted data includes identification information of the communications group, and a buffer status report of a logical channel group corresponding to the communications group.

Abstract: A communication device camping on a first cell of a first RAT and receiving a first system information block (SIB) of a type from the first cell, wherein the first SIB comprises a first indication indicating that a second RAT is supported by the first cell; a radio resource control (RRC) protocol layer of the communication device processing the first SIB and transmitting a second indication to a first upper layer, in response to the first indication; the communication device camping on a second cell of the first RAT and receiving a second SIB of the type from the second cell, wherein the second SIB does not comprise the first indication; and the RRC protocol layer processing the second SIB and transmitting a third indication to the first upper layer, in response to the second SIB.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for a user equipment (UE) supporting dual connectivity (DC) with a master node and a secondary node are disclosed. According to these, the UE receives first configuration information from the master node and second configuration information from the secondary node. The UE applies the first configuration information first. And, the UE transmits a new configuration request message to the secondary node, if the UE cannot apply the second configuration information after applying the first configuration information.

Abstract: A device includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor. The processor receives a request (including a first identifier assigned to a first mobile device) from the first mobile device. In response, the processor determines that a server connection is unavailable, adds a second identifier to the request, and broadcasts the request. The processor then receives a first path (including the first and second identifiers along with a third identifier assigned to a second mobile device) from the second mobile device and sends it to the first mobile device. The processor then receives a first piece of data and a second path (including the first and second identifiers along with a fourth identifier assigned to a third mobile device) from the first mobile device. In response, the processor identifies the third mobile device and sends the first piece of data and the second path to the third mobile device.

Abstract: Techniques for dynamically allocating frequency resources in accordance with wireless access technologies are discussed herein. For example, a base station can determine whether user equipment (UE) requesting communications at the base station are configured to operate in accordance with 4th Generation (5G) radio access technologies and/or in accordance with 5th Generation (5G) radio access technologies. Based on the number of 5G UEs and 4G UEs, a first portion of a frequency resource can be allocated to 5G and a second portion of the frequency resource can be allocated to 4G. In some examples, a first allocation strategy for a first frequency resource (e.g., Band 71) can be used to generate a second allocation strategy for a partially overlapping second frequency resource (e.g., Band 41).

Abstract: Systems and methods of optimizing NR RRC connection establishment are described. The UE transmits a RRC request for establishment of a connection to a gNB. The RRC request is transmitting on a SRB1 rather than SRB0. The SRB1 has a default SRB1 configuration stored in memory. A response from the gNB is received and acknowledged using the SRB1 or a SRB1 having a SRB1 configuration provided in the response. The RRC request is a RRCReestablishmentRequest or RRCResumeRequest.

Abstract: A user equipment implements a method of processing in messages, such as SCRI (signalling connection release indication) messages. The user equipment (UE) maintains a count of how many indication messages with a cause set have been seat by the UE while in at least one radio resource control (RRC) state. Various conditions are provided for resetting the count. These include receiving packet switched (PS) data by the UE and transmitting packet switched (PS) data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for controlling an active state in a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving, from a base station, information related to a starting position of an active state and information related to a length of a first timer; deriving the starting position of the active state based on the information related to the starting position; starting the first timer set to the length of the first timer and entering the active state at the derived starting position; extending the active state, in response to control data indicating a new transmission of user data being received on a control channel; and terminating the active state, based on a control signal indicating a termination of the active state and a second timer for extending the active state.

Abstract: The disclosed techniques provide a method and device for reporting information and for discontinuous transmission. In the disclosed techniques, at least one of the following information is to be added to the random access procedure or the RRC connection related procedure, that is the information about data amount available for transmission, Power headroom, data amount available for transmission and the power headroom, whether SingleTone or MultiTone is supported, whether CP transmission mode or UP transmission mode is configured, where the RRC connection related procedure includes, but is not limited to, any of the following, that is the procedure of RRC connection, RRC connection reestablishment, RRC connection resume. Reporting the uplink message solves the problem of reporting the information about the data available for transmission and/or power headroom in the random access procedure or RRC connection related procedure.

Abstract: A network architecture and methods of managing packet data unit (PDU) sessions in a network are provided. The methods include PDU session establishment procedures, PDU session modification procedures, PDU session state transfer procedures, PDU session release procedures, and user equipment (UE) handover procedures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed from the perspective of a UE (User Equipment). In one embodiment, the method includes the UE receiving a first MAC-CE (Medium Access Control-Control Element) including or indicating a plurality of TCI (Transmission Configuration Indication) state IDs (Identities) to be activated for receiving PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), wherein format of the first MAC-CE depends on amount of the plurality of TCI state IDs. The method further includes the UE activating a plurality of TCI states associated with the plurality of TCI state IDs included or indicated in the first MAC-CE for receiving the PDSCH in response to reception of the first MAC-CE.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the communications field and disclose a data transmission device, method, and system, so as to better improve an average downlink throughput of UE. A specific solution is: A determining unit determines a downlink frequency shift according to a received uplink signal sent by a terminal device, and determines a second transmit frequency according to the downlink frequency shift and a first transmit frequency; and a sending unit sends a downlink signal to the terminal device according to the second transmit frequency determined by the determining unit, so that the terminal device receives the downlink signal according to a receive frequency corresponding to the first transmit frequency, where the downlink signal includes at least one of a DMRS or downlink data. The present invention is applied in a data transmission process.

Abstract: The present application is at least directed a system for managing a server transition associated with user equipment. The system includes a non-transitory memory and a processor that is operably coupled to the non-transitory memory. The processor is configured to perform the instructions of receiving a relocation request from a first server to switch to another server. The processor is also configured to verify credentials of the first server. The processor also determines whether a first core networking terminating point associated with the first server is appropriate for the other server to communicate with the user equipment. Further, the processor sends a result of the determination to the user equipment.

Abstract: A first communication interface communicates with one of a plurality of base station devices according to a first communication scheme. A second communication interface communicates with a further terminal device according to a second communication scheme different from the first communication scheme. A controller selects a base station device that the first communication interface should communicate with based on base station information received in the second communication interface from the further terminal device and related to the base station device that the further terminal device is communicating with.

Abstract: A User Equipment (UE) for communicating directly with a core network is provided. The UE comprises: a first communication device; a second communication device; an authentication management module; a processor; a storage medium; instructions stored on the storage medium and executable by the processor to: perform a first authentication with the core network to obtain a security context; transmit a security context from the authentication management module to at least one of the first and second communication devices; and perform a second authentication for one of the first and second communication devices with the core network using the security context from the authentication management module to establish connection with the core network.

Abstract: Systems and methods for environmentally sealing electrical connections of window assemblies are disclosed. A mechanically protective enclosure assembly is adhered to a transparent pane including glass. The enclosure assembly includes a first member, a second member, and an opening. The first member includes a transparent-pane engaging surface, a first interface surface, and a plurality of first walls extending therebetween. The second member is attached to the first member. The second member includes a top member, a second interface surface, and a plurality of second walls extending therebetween. The first interface surface engages the second interface surface to provide a first fluid-tight seal. The opening is defined by at least one of the plurality of first walls and at least one of the plurality of second walls. The opening engages the wiring harness to provide a second fluid-tight seal therebetween.

Abstract: An electric blanket or pad for warming a living body including a flexible sheet-like heating element including an upper edge, a lower edge, and at least two side edges. A shell formed of layers of flexible sheets covering the heating element and sealed with a weld. The weld coupling the sheets of the shell about the edges to hermetically seal the heating element therebetween. The weld may be an RF weld, ultrasonic weld, or a heat bond, wherein the sheets comprise PVC.

Abstract: An electric heating device includes a conductive pipe having an interior and at least one end portion, one or more heating elements disposed in the conductive pipe, one or more power connectors extending into the interior of the conductive pipe to be electrically connected to the one or more heating elements, a ground connector contacting the at least one end portion of the conductive pipe to be electrically connected to the conductive pipe, and a first member enclosing the at least one end portion of the conductive pipe, the one or more power connectors, and the ground connector.

Abstract: A dimmer control circuit for controlling a phase cut dimmer includes: a rectifier circuitry, configured to rectify the output voltage of the phase cut dimmer to output a rectified voltage; an input voltage detecting circuitry, configured to output a detected voltage according to the rectified voltage; a processor, configured to output a control signal when the detected voltage meets a preset condition; and a constant current circuitry, configured to output or stop outputting a preset current to the rectifier circuitry in response to the control signal; wherein the preset current has a value greater than a holding current of the phase cut dimmer.

Abstract: A device for driving the electrical power supply of at least one light source of an automotive vehicle includes a power supply unit arranged to deliver an electric current to the light source, the intensity of the electric current being dependent on a reference voltage. The device is noteworthy in that a control unit is arranged to deliver, on the basis of an input voltage, various reference voltage levels to the power supply unit, according to the situation of an indication of the temperature of the light source with respect to at least a first threshold value and a second threshold value, which is higher than the first threshold value, with a view to observing the optical regulations.

Abstract: A lighting device comprises rectification circuitry configured to produce rectified alternating current (AC) from input AC comprising a plurality of cycles. The lighting device further comprises lighting circuitry coupled to the rectification circuitry. The lighting circuitry comprises first, second, and third sets of LEDs. The sets of LEDs are configured to turn on in sequence at least twice per cycle to together develop an output level of at least about 2000 lumens.

Abstract: A thermal foldback control system electrically connected to a light emitting diode (LED) driver, the thermal foldback control system including a temperature sensitive circuit and a regulator. The temperature sensitive circuit is configured to output a reference voltage based on a first resistance and a second resistance. The regulator is configured to control a driver output of the LED driver based on the reference voltage.

Abstract: In one aspect, a gloving light includes a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) arranged in an array; a programmable controller configured to store logic including instructions for controlling a functionality of the plurality of LEDs; at least one user interface for modifying the logic stored in the programmable controller; and a housing configured to enclose the electronics and be retained in a digit of a glove. In another aspect, a gloving light includes at least one LED; at least one integrated circuit configured to store logic including instructions for controlling a functionality of the at least one LED; a user interface for modifying the logic stored in the at least one integrated circuit; a housing configured to enclose at least one integrated circuit and to be inserted into a digit of a glove; and a bidirectional communication interface comprising one or more wireless emitters and receivers for bidirectional communication.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a solid-state lighting circuit is included herein having a first plurality of emitters configured to output light of a first color and a second plurality of emitters configured to output light of a second color. The circuit further includes a current limiting circuit and at least one biasing resistor operably connected to the first plurality of emitters and the current limiting circuit. Current is biased toward the first plurality of emitters until a preselected current limit is reached for the first plurality of emitters, such that the first plurality of emitters outputs the light of the first color. When current is provided by the constant current power supply that is at or above the preselected current limit, current passes through the second plurality of emitters such that the second plurality of emitters outputs the light of the second color. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: Driving an LED load using a driving circuit includes controlling a power transistor coupled in series with the LED load to operate in a linear mode when an input voltage varying periodically is higher than a driving voltage for the LED load; adjusting a transistor current flowing through the power transistor based on a difference between the input voltage and the driving voltage, without calculating an error between an average current flowing through the LED load and a desired current; and where the transistor current is controlled to be decreased when the difference between the input voltage and the driving voltage is relatively large, in order to reduce a conduction loss of the power transistor, and to cause the average current flowing through the LED load to meet a predetermined requirement of driving the LED load.

Abstract: A lighting system suitable for receiving two kinds of power signals includes a light emitting unit, a switch control circuit, first and second power adjustment circuits, and first and second switches. The switch control circuit is electrically connected to the light emitting unit, the first and second switches. When the light emitting unit and the switch control circuit receive a first power signal, the switch control circuit turns on the first switch and turns off the second switch, so that a first current drives the light emitting unit to emit. When the light emitting unit and the switch control circuit do not receive the first power signal and the second power adjustment circuit receives the second power signal, the switch control circuit turns off the first switch and turns on the second switch, so that a second current drives the light emitting unit to emit.

Abstract: A lighting device circuit comprising: a reference LED string, a mirror LED string coupled in parallel to the reference LED string, an operational amplifier based current mirror circuit coupled to the reference LED string and to the mirror LED string, and a window comparator circuit that includes only a single input that is coupled to a fault sense node. The fault sense node directly connects to a drain node of a transistor within the operational amplifier based current mirror and a LED within the mirror LED string.

Abstract: Each of a low beam lamp and a high beam lamp connected in series includes at least one light source. A lamp driving circuit is configured to supply current to each of the n lamps. A first voltage detecting circuit is configured to detect a first voltage that is a sum of voltages applied to each of the low beam lamp and the high beam lamp. A second voltage detecting circuit is configured to detect a second voltage that is applied to the high beam lamp. A processor is configured to obtain a difference between the first voltage and the second voltage, and to detect a failure in the low beam lamp based on comparison between the difference and a rewritable normal operation voltage of the low beam lamp.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and system, the apparatus including a housing; a light source, disposed in the housing, including at least one source of illumination; a radio frequency (RF) transmitter located on or in the housing; and at least one directional radiating element at least partially enclosed by the housing and coupled to RF transmitter, the at least one directional radiating element directing a RF signal transmitted by the RF transmitter in a predetermined direction away from the housing.

Abstract: A remote control device may be configured to be mounted over the toggle actuator of a light switch and to control a load control device via wireless communication. The remote control device may include a base portion and a rotating portion supported by the base portion so as to be rotatable about the base portion. The remote control device may include a control circuit and a wireless communication circuit. The control circuit may be operably coupled to the rotating portion and to the wireless communication circuit. The control circuit may be configured to translate a force applied to the rotating portion of the remote control device into a control signal and to cause the communication circuit to transmit the control signal to the load control device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a lighting system configured to obtain an indicator data of a RF spectrum signal generated by a number of receivers at a number of times in an area. At each respective one of the number of times, for each respective one of the receivers, apply one of a plurality of heuristic algorithm coefficients to each indicator data for the respective time, based on results of the applications of the coefficients to indicator data, generate an indicator data metric value for each of the indicator data for the respective time, and process the indicator data metric values to compute an output value. The lighting system is further configured to compare the output value at each of the plurality of times with a threshold to detect one of an occupancy condition or a non-occupancy condition in the area and control the light source in response to the detected one of the occupancy condition or the non-occupancy condition in the area at each of the number of times.

Abstract: A method for controlling a streetlight, includes: detecting an existence of an object in a preset detection area by using a motion detect sensor; determining whether the object is a new object that approaches the detection area newly or an existing object that has been detected; calculating a size of a lighting zone by using the signal processor; inputting the object existence signal and a lighting zone activation signal to a lighting controller and inputting a signal regarding the size of the lighting zone to a local area wireless communication unit; setting at least one or more streetlights among the plurality of node streetlights adjacent to the first node streetlight and transmitting the lighting zone to activation signal to the additional lighting streetlight; and controlling a dimming value of the first node streetlight and the lighting zone activation signal and controlling a dimming value of the additional lighting streetlight.

Abstract: Remote control devices may control electrical loads and/or load control devices of a load control system without accessing electrical wiring. The remote control device may be mounted over a mechanical switch that is installed in a wallbox. The remote control device may include a control unit and a faceplate assembly. The faceplate assembly may include a mounting frame, an adapter plate, and a faceplate. The mounting frame may be configured to abut a bezel of the mechanical switch such that that the faceplate is spaced away from the bezel of the mechanical switch to enable the mounting ring to extend through respective openings in the adapter plate and the faceplate.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a lighting system can comprise a light source and a light switch. The light switch can comprise a binary switch, a wireless transmitter, a processor, and a memory coupled with and readable by the processor and storing therein a code identifying the light switch. A light driver can be coupled with the light source. The light driver can comprise a pairing switch, a wireless receiver, a processor, and a memory coupled with and readable by the processor and storing therein a set of instructions which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to pair with the light switch by receiving, from the pairing button, a first input indicating a start of a pairing mode, initiating the pairing mode based on the first input, and determining whether a message is received from the light switch within a first predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A first wireless control device may be associated with a second wireless control device in response to the movement of the first wireless control device in relation to the second wireless control device. The second control device may determine whether the signal strength of the wireless signals received from the first wireless control device has changed, and may associate the first wireless control device with the second wireless control device if the signal strength of the received wireless signals has changed. The second control device may be disassociated with the first control device by moving the first wireless control device in relation to the second wireless control device. The second control device may disassociate the first control device when the signal strength of subsequent wireless signals received from the first wireless control device has changed.

Abstract: Devices and systems for controlling electrostatic discharge on electronic at the interface of mating electrical connectors. An electrostatic discharge (ESD) control device comprises a substrate and at least one connector pin hole. An outer edge of the substrate is also electrically conductive and configured to be electrically connected to a ground. Each the connector pin hole(s) is electrically conductive such that it electrically connects to a respective pin of one of the mating electrical connectors. For each of the connector pin hole(s), an electrically conductive trace is disposed in the substrate. Each of the traces has a pair of opposing sharp points in close proximity to each other and directed at each other. One of the sharp points is electrically connected to the electrically conductive connector pin hole, and the other sharp point is electrically connected to the electrically conductive outer edge of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of operating a semiconductor apparatus includes generating a target material droplet; exciting the target material droplet to generate radiation for exposing a wafer; receiving, by a catcher, the target material droplet after exciting the target material droplet, in which the catcher has a front section, a rear section, and a drain port at the rear section; heating the rear section of the catcher such that the target material droplet in the rear section is in a liquid phase; and maintaining a temperature of the front section of the catcher lower than a temperature of the rear section of the catcher.

Abstract: The present application relates to a cold plasma device (13) for treating a surface (6) with cold plasma. The device (13) has a cold plasma generator (14) adapted to generate cold plasma that produces reactive species for treating the surface (6). The device (13) also includes a treatment head (5) that is positionable relative to the surface (6) such that the reactive species are imparted toward the surface (6) during treatment. The device (13) is also provided with an air flow generator (8) to generate an air flow over the surface (6) and a controller (9) configured to control operation of the air flow generator (8) to generate an air flow over the surface (6) after the treatment has been completed such that remaining by-products of the cold plasma are dissipated.

Abstract: A non-resonance photo-neutralizer for negative ion-based neutral beam injectors. The non-resonance photo-neutralizer utilizes a nonresonant photon accumulation, wherein the path of a photon becomes tangled and trapped in a certain space region, i.e., the photon trap. The trap is preferably formed by two smooth mirror surfaces facing each other with at least one of the mirrors being concave. In its simplest form, the trap is elliptical. A confinement region is a region near a family of normals, which are common to both mirror surfaces. The photons with a sufficiently small angle of deviation from the nearest common normal are confined. Depending on specific conditions, the shape of the mirror surface may be one of spherical, elliptical, cylindrical, or toroidal geometry, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: An electrical-circuit assembly includes an electrical-device and a heat-sink. The heat-sink has a base having a first-surface and a second-surface. The first-surface is in thermal communication with the electrical-device. The heat sink also has a lid having a third-surface and a fourth-surface. The third-surface faces toward the second-surface. The heat sink also has side-walls disposed between the base and the lid extending from the second-surface to the third-surface. The base, the lid, and the side-walls define a cavity. The heat sink also has a porous-structure extending from the second-surface toward the third-surface terminating a portion of the distance between the second-surface and the third-surface thereby defining a void between the porous-structure and the third-surface. The base, the side-walls, and the porous-structure are integrally formed of a common material. The porous-structure is characterized as having a contiguous-porosity network.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a plurality of layers including attachment layers and routing layers; and via patterns formed in the plurality of layers, each of the via patterns including first and second signal vias forming a differential signal pair, the first and second signal vias extending through at least the attachment layers; ground vias extending through at least the attachment layers, the ground vias including ground conductors; and shadow vias located adjacent to each of the first and second signal vias, wherein the shadow vias are free of conductive material in the attachment layers. The printed circuit board may further include slot vias extending through the attachment layers and located between via patterns.

Abstract: A radio frequency connector includes a substrate, a first ground plane disposed upon the substrate, a signal conductor having a first contact point, with the first contact point being configured to electrically mate with a second contact point, and a first ground boundary configured to electrically mate with a second ground boundary, with the first ground boundary being formed as an electrically continuous conductor within the substrate.

Abstract: A circuit board has an edge connector with signal traces. The signal traces are formed on a dielectric layer of the circuit board. A reference trace is formed within the dielectric layer or on another surface of the dielectric layer. Parameters of the reference trace are adjusted to set an impedance of a single-ended signal trace or a differential impedance of two adjacent signal traces.

Abstract: An electrode embedded member includes a plate-shaped substrate made of a ceramic; an inner electrode embedded in the substrate; a terminal disposed at a position that overlaps the inner electrode in a thickness direction of the substrate and is farther than the inner electrode from the front surface of the substrate; an intermediate insulator embedded in the substrate between the inner electrode and the terminal and that is made of a ceramic; and a connection electrode disposed along an outer surface of the intermediate insulator and that connects the terminal and the inner electrode. When seen in the thickness direction of the substrate, a cutout portion is formed in the connection electrode located at least outside an overlapping region where the terminal and the connection electrode overlap. The substrate and/or the intermediate insulator penetrates the cutout portion, and thereby the substrate and the intermediate insulator are integrated with each other.

Abstract: Provided herein are embodiments of a PWB circuit construction material, and its use in flexible PWB circuits. The PWB circuit construction material is made up of temperature resistant fabric bonded to a metal substrate using a bonding agent. The temperature resistant material may include synthetic aromatic polyamide fibers. The fabric may be used as a reinforcement for the standard PWB construction materials for flexible PWB circuits and as a standalone piece that is bonded as a hinge at rigid portions of a rigid or rigid-flexible PWB circuit to reduce the thermal effects.