Abstract: A valve apparatus for influencing a flow of medium between a supply port (38) and a pressure port (40) has a valve device (10). In one closed position, the valve device blocks the connection between the supply port (38) and the pressure port (40). The valve device opens this connection in one opened position, in which the pressure port (40) is connected to at least one of two medium chambers (62, 80) by a respective fluid channel (64, 82). One fluid chamber (64) comprises a fluid duct (68) in the valve slider (22). The other fluid channel (82) has a further fluid duct (84) that is separate from the fluid duct (68). In one of the opened positions of the valve slider (22), the further fluid duct (84) opens at one end (92) into the medium chamber (80). In every displacement position of the valve slider (22), the further fluid duct (84) is permanently connected at the other end (94) to the pressure port (40).

Abstract: An engine-driven oil pump has an engine, a pump unit, an oil diverting device, a manual control unit, and a remote control unit. The engine is connected to the pump unit. The oil diverting device is mounted on the pump unit and selectively pumps hydraulic oil from the pump unit into the manual control unit or the remote control unit. With the engine, the engine-driven oil pump can generate power independently instead of relying on external power supply. Besides, the electromagnetic valve of the remote control unit allows the user to remotely control the oil path of the hydraulic oil, so the user is not required to stay along the engine-driven oil pump to manually switch the oil path, and therefore the engine-driven oil pump is more efficient regarding manpower.

Abstract: A power transmission device with a clutch plate wear sensor system includes a power transmission shaft configured to transmit torque and a clutch configured to selectively deliver power into or out of the power transmission shaft. The clutch includes a clutch stack and clutch piston that moves to selectively actuate the clutch stack between an engaged state to deliver power through the clutch and a disengaged state to not deliver power through the clutch. The clutch stack wear sensor system includes at least one detectable element arranged for movement in unison with the clutch piston and a sensor arranged to detect the detectable element and provide a signal indicative of a wear characteristic of the clutch stack.

Abstract: It is made possible to suppress variations of the speed of an actuator into which a regeneration flow rate flows, regardless of variations of the regeneration flow rate caused by posture changes of the front part and to enhance the operability when the front part moves in the free fall direction, and hydraulic fluid discharged from an actuator driving the front part is regenerated. Accordingly, a controller 19 of a hydraulic system is provided with a regeneration control calculation section 19b, and a pump flow rate control calculation section 19c, and when the regeneration control calculation section controls a regeneration valve 12 to perform regeneration, the pump flow rate control calculation section controls a pump flow rate regulation device 20 to increase the delivery flow rate of a hydraulic pump 1 as the angle of an arm 16 approaches the vertically downward direction based on posture information about the arm 16 acquired by an inertial measurement unit 31.

Abstract: A system for carrying or using a device includes the device and at least one attachment apparatus. The device may include at least one attachment element. The attachment apparatus may include a length of material and at least one attachment point arranged on an end of the length of material. The at least one attachment point may include at least one magnetic feature configured to attach and detach the device and the length of material. The material can include but is not limited to cloth, metallic (magnetic and non-magnetic), fibrous material, and so forth.

Abstract: An inflatable article fastener apparatus includes two lengths of flexible cord. First and second locking structures are connected to the two lengths of flexible cord, wherein the first and second locking structures are located at a spaced distance apart from one another on the two lengths of flexible cord. An eyelet portion is formed between the first and second locking structures and at least one non-eyelet portion is formed outside of the first and second locking structure. An end of the at least one non-eyelet portion is insertable through the eyelet portion to form a collapsible loop capable of constricting a neck of an inflatable article positioned within the collapsible loop. A locked position of the collapsible loop is achieved when the first locking structure is pulled through the eyelet portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for compensating tolerances between a first component and a second component comprising a base element that defines a central longitudinal axis, a compensation element in threaded engagement with the base element, and a holding element fixedly connected to the base element to hold the apparatus at the first component, wherein the holding element comprises a base body, characterized in that a support wall extending from a peripheral surface of the base body has an upper margin remote from the second component in the state of the apparatus held at the first component and comprises a deflection section that is deflectable against a return force along a deflection line not oriented perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A payload release mechanism is provided, which operates utilizing a pressure differential between the mechanism and the surrounding medium. A piston is movably seated within a chamber of the release mechanism. The piston serves to seal the chamber from the surrounding medium, though one end of the piston is in communication with the surrounding medium. The pressure differential between the end of the piston in communication with the surrounding medium and the medium within the chamber causes the piston to move. The piston movement is used to trigger the release of the payload. The amount of movement which triggers the release can be calibrated to correspond to a predetermined pressure differential.

Abstract: A suspension assembly (10) comprises a support member (12) for supporting an article, an elongate substantially flat strip (14), and a securing arrangement (16). The support member (12) defines an opening (24) through which the strip (14) can be Inserted. The strip (14) defines a plurality of apertures (26). The securing arrangement (16) includes a securing member (18) receivable through a selected one of the apertures (26) in the strip (14) to secure the support member (12) to the strip (14).

Abstract: Embodiments include a mounting assembly for securing a supported element to a wall structure having an internal thickness residing between opposing first and second sides of the wall structure. The assembly comprises a toggle anchor assembly configured to pass through a hole formed through the internal thickness; a washer configured for attachment to the hole adjacent to the first side of the wall structure, the washer comprising an open center configured to receive an extent of the toggle anchor assembly therethrough; an end assembly configured for coupling to an end portion of the toggle anchor assembly and for securing the toggle anchor assembly to the wall structure; and a receiving portion for securement of a strut assembly to the toggle anchor assembly, the strut assembly being coupled to the supported element.

Abstract: An anchor assembly including a threaded anchor and a threaded drive pin positionable in the threaded anchor, a method of using or installing the anchor assembly to attach a fixture to a substrate, and a method of removing or un-installing the anchor assembly from the fixture and the substrate to detach the fixture from the substrate.

Abstract: A fastening clip assembly is configured to securely connect to a component, and may include at least one engagement member that is configured to securely engage a portion of the component. The engagement member(s) may include an angle-compensating surface that is configured to allow the fastening clip assembly to securely connect to the component over a range of angles.

Abstract: A fastener locating and retention structure which includes a dog house attached to a part. The doghouse includes at least three walls and an opening in the fourth wall large enough for allowing a T-stud shaft portion to enter. A top surface it provided for extending inward from the walls. The top surface has an aperture formed there in by two pairs of spring retention legs which oppose each other engage the shaft portion of the T-stud on either side of the shaft thereof.

Abstract: A structure capable of preventing improper wheel alignment even when, for example, an accident such as a collision accident, steered wheels riding on a curb, or the like occurs is realized.

Abstract: Flexural pivot structures and methods are provided. A flexural pivot as disclosed allows for rotation of a pivoted member relative to a base member about a central axis, while inhibiting or preventing movement of the pivoted member relative to the base member in any other direction. Base and pivoted sections of the flexural pivot structure are connected to one another by a set of resilient blades or flexural members. A thickness of the blades varies with the distance from the central axis. The components of the flexural pivot can comprise a monolithic structure that is formed from a single piece of material.

Abstract: An inner-ring restraint device of a hub bearing capable of restraining an inner ring efficiently without applying a load to the hub bearing. An inner-ring restraint device includes a restraint ring allowing a plurality of pieces to be arranged to form a ring shape and restricting an inner ring of a hub bearing by reducing a diameter, a support plate having a ring shape coaxial with the hub bearing, being provided so as to move in an axial direction and supporting the restraint ring at a position closer to the hub bearing for the vehicle than the restraint ring in the axial direction and a ring-shaped operation plate connected to the support plate so as to relatively move in the axial direction and applying a pressure in a direction of reducing the diameter to the restraint ring by coming relatively close to the support plate.

Abstract: The motion guide device includes a lubricant supply passage provided in at least one of a pair of cover members provided to a movable member and configured to supply lubricant to an endless circulation passage, in which the lubricant supply passage includes at least a first lubricant supply passage ? formed to extend in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the track member from at least one of a left side surface and a right side surface of the cover member, and a second lubricant supply passage ? connected to the first lubricant supply passage ?, and a passage shape in a place connected to the first lubricant supply passage ? of the second lubricant supply passage ? is configured as a diameter-expanded hollow section having a diameter more expanded than a passage shape of another place. Thus, a new form of a cover member is provided.

Abstract: A sliding member includes: a base material; a solid lubricant layer arranged on a surface of the base material; a defect layer having a material defect, disposed in the solid lubricant layer, and being changeable into an ultra low friction layer by mechanical stress more easily than changing from the solid lubricant layer to the ultra low friction layer; and a ultra low friction layer covering a surface of the defect layer.

Abstract: A ball bearing is provided which includes inner and outer races each having a raceway groove; balls; and a retainer made of a synthetic resin, and in which abnormal noise is reduced. Either the raceway groove of the inner race, or each of the raceway grooves of the inner race and the outer race has a radius of curvature which is 104% or more and 109% or less of the radius of each of the balls.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for mounting a bearing 200 on a roll neck and for removing the bearing from the roll neck of a roll. Known devices of this type have a first and a second piston/cylinder unit. They also have a stop ring 130, fixed in the axial direction A at the end of the roll neck 320 remote from the body, which acts as a stop for the inner piston 110 of the first piston/cylinder unit. In addition, the known devices have a nut 150 which can be screwed onto an external thread of the inner piston to secure the bearing 200 in the axial direction, in particular during a rolling operation. As an alternative to the known prior art, the present invention provides that an annular cylinder 120 serves both as a cylinder for the first piston/cylinder unit and as a cylinder for the second piston/cylinder unit.

Abstract: A retainer is rotationally driven about a axis of a ball bearing, and convex areas having pockets provided therein along a ball pitch circle of the retainer and concave areas between adjacent pockets is detected by a sensor. Grease is discharged according to phases of the convex areas and concave areas in the rotationally driven retainer from a dispenser having grease discharge ports arranged to face an annular space.

Abstract: A clutch claw applied to a clutch structure having a rotating shaft includes a claw portion, a base portion and at least two elastic portions. The base portion is opposite to the claw portion and has a peripheral edge. The claw portion and the base portion are coaxially disposed on the rotating shaft. Each elastic portion is at least partly disposed around part of the claw portion to provide elastic force. Each elastic portion has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected with the base portion and extended from the peripheral edge, the second end is connected with the claw portion, and there is at least one bent section between the first end and the second end. Therefore, the collision damage is prevented, and the impact and friction generated when the clutch claw is instantaneously rotated is avoided, thereby achieving the advantage of reducing noise.

Abstract: A clutch system for a motor vehicle includes a friction clutch and a magnetic clutch. The friction clutch is for transmitting a torque between a torque-introducing element and a torque-discharging element. The magnetic clutch is for actuating the friction clutch. The magnetic clutch includes an open position and a closed position, an axially displaceable permanent magnet, and an electromagnet for axially displacing the permanent magnet between the open position and the closed position of the magnetic clutch. The electromagnet has an activated state and a deactivated state. The permanent magnet is held magnetically fixed in the open position or in the closed position of the magnetic clutch when the electromagnet is in the deactivated state.

Abstract: A vehicle control system in a vehicle having a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system with a clutch mechanism modulates a torque capacity of the clutch mechanism. The CVT system in the vehicle further includes a primary pulley, a secondary pulley and a CVT belt for transmitting a torque to wheels from a power source rotatably connected with an input shaft. The clutch mechanism includes a forward (FWD) clutch between the power source and a CVT pulley assembly. The vehicle control system detects a wheel slip of the CVT system and controls a torque capacity of the FWD clutch, and the system is configured for avoiding a slip of the CVT belt by dissipating a spike torque generated by the wheel slip.

Abstract: A power unit of a utility vehicle includes a power source for travel of the utility vehicle, a continuously variable transmission, a gear transmission, and an output mechanism. The gear transmission includes a GT input shaft, a GT output shaft, and first and second GT intermediate shafts that transmit rotational power from the GT input shaft to the GT output shaft. The first GT intermediate shaft is disposed on one side with respect to the GT input shaft, and the second GT intermediate shaft is disposed on the other side with respect to the GT input shaft.

Abstract: An opposed-piston type disc brake includes a guide cylinder extending axially inward from an opening edge portion of a cylinder in which an outer displacement member of a thrust generating mechanism is disposed is provided in an inner body of a caliper at an axial inner side portion of the inner body. A clamp base portion of a clamp member of a parking mechanism portion includes a housing hole opened to an axial outer side of the clamp base portion in which an inner side displacement member of the thrust generating member is disposed. A guide cylinder extending axially inward from an opening edge portion of the cylinder is fitted into the housing hole so as to relatively move in the axial direction, to form a first guide portion which supports the clamp member so that the clamp member is displaced relative to the cylinder in the axial direction.

Abstract: In this disc brake, a pair of brake pads has recesses in the outer peripheral surfaces thereof. A pad spring has a first pressing section extending axially and provided to a base, the first pressing section pressing, toward the trailing side, a first section to be pressed which is provided on the trailing-side side surface of side surfaces which form the recess of a brake pad—and which are raised outward in the radial direction of a rotor. Also, the pad spring has a second pressing section extending axially and provided to the base, the second pressing section—pressing radially inward on the bottom surface of the recess of each of the pair of brake pads, the bottom surface being a second section to be pressed which is provided on an outer peripheral section.

Abstract: A disc brake assembly for a wheel of a transportation vehicle having a brake disc and a brake caliper support for holding a brake caliper with friction brake pads. To reliably reduce corrosion of the brake disc, a bimetallic plate is provided on the disc brake assembly, wherein a sacrificial anode is secured on the bimetallic plate. The bimetallic plate adopts at least two positions, depending on the temperature of the bimetallic plate. In the first position, the sacrificial anode rests at least partially against the brake disc and, in the second position, the sacrificial anode is at a distance from the brake disc.

Abstract: A mechanical disc brake structure contains: a body, a brake set, and a drive unit. The body includes two clamp seats between which an accommodation space is defined so as to accommodate a circular disc. The brake set contains: a rotation member includes a coupling column, a rotatable block, and a connection portion. The rotatable block has a push face, the rotation member includes a through aperture, and the stop fringe has a first retaining portion. The engagement member includes a braking disc having a forced face and a shaft. The shaft has a second retaining portion and a threaded orifice. An actuation structure is defined between the push face and the forced face. A torsion spring is accommodated in the through aperture. A screw element is screwed with the threaded orifice, and a locking member is locked with the rotation member.

Abstract: An electromagnetically actuable brake device includes: a coil shell, in particular of the solenoid, an armature disk, which is connected to the coil shell in a torque-proof yet displaceable manner, a sensor having a sensor housing, a spring part, and a screwed cable gland. The coil shell has a stepped through bore, the sensor housing of the sensor has a stepped configuration, the screwed cable gland is situated at an end of the bore, in particular is screwed into a threaded section of the bore, the spring part is situated in the bore between the screwed cable gland and the sensor housing, the spring part is braced on a step of the sensor housing on one side and on the screwed cable gland on the other, and the sensor housing is pressed against a step of the bore, in particular by the spring part.

Abstract: Bushings and methods of manufacturing bushings to be used in a chassis of a vehicle or the like for damping and absorbing vibrations, oscillations, and noise are provided. In one implementation, a method of manufacturing a bushing includes the steps of positioning a flexible member around a cylindrical outer surface of a rigid inner member having a cylindrical inner surface or solid core and positioning an outer member having a cylindrical inner surface around the flexible member. The method also includes the step of clamping a cylindrical outer surface of the outer member to form an indentation in the cylindrical outer surface of the outer member, thereby deforming the flexible member. This method may be executed to create a bushing having certain axial, radial, and torsional stiffness.

Abstract: A hydraulically damping mount for mounting a motor vehicle unit, such as mounting a motor vehicle engine on a motor vehicle body, includes a supporting spring and a compensation chamber. The supporting spring is configured to support a mount core and surround a working chamber. The compensation chamber is separated from the working chamber by a dividing wall and delimited by a compensation diaphragm. In embodiments, the compensation chamber and the working chamber are filled with a fluid and are connected to each other by a damping duct incorporated into the dividing wall. In embodiments, the dividing wall includes a diaphragm that is capable of oscillating, and a foam element associated with the diaphragm supports the diaphragm in the event of a deflection.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed at a method and apparatus for controlling unwanted vibrations in a mechanical system. The apparatus includes a set of different eccentric and/or concentric masses mounted to the mechanical system for generating forces to counteract the sensed unwanted vibrations. The apparatus further includes a set of motors that control movement of the set of masses.

Abstract: Balancer device has upper and lower housings 3 and 4 having therein an accommodation section 10, a pair of drive and driven side shafts 5 and 6 which are rotatably supported by four plain bearings 11 to 14 provided in the accommodation section and to which a rotation force is transmitted from a crankshaft, and arc band-shaped thrust receiving portions 32a and 33a which thrust flange portions of drive and driven gears 8 and 9 provided at the drive and driven side shafts respectively can contact from a thrust direction. First and second oil storing grooves 34 and 35, groove passages 36 and 37 and vertical groove passages 38a to 39b are formed at the thrust receiving portions on a gravity direction lower side with respect to a meshing portion of the both gears. With this configuration, it is possible to suppress occurrence of abrasion of the thrust receiving portion.

Abstract: A fixture for sticking balance blocks to the surface of a hub includes a base, in which a fixed plate is welded to one side of the upper end of the base, a slide rail butted to the fixed plate is connected to the other side of the base by bolts, a sliding block is connected to the slide rail in a sliding manner, the middle positions of the fixed plate and the sliding block are respectively connected with a first roller and a second roller of the same type by bearings, each of the first roller and the second roller is sleeved with a rubber sleeve of the same specification, and a support table is mounted under the base.

Abstract: A toothed belt for a movable roof element of a vehicle which may have a toothed belt body made of plastic, a coupling element, and an interface of the toothed belt, which interface is formed by the coupling element, for coupling to the movable roof element, wherein—the coupling element and the toothed belt body are coupled to each other in a form fitting manner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-gear torquer with end covers on both sides of the casing. An input shaft and an output shaft are respectively arranged at the center of the two end covers. A sun gear is fixed on the input shaft and moves along a planet gear engaged in the transmission mechanism. The planet gear meshes with a gear ring and moves around the sun gear, then the planet gear drives the turntable centrally fixed with the output shaft connected to the load end. The multi-gear torquer disclosed herein has the following advantages: large output torque and high mechanical efficiency, and it can be used as power transmission equipment for a car or a train and used as other mechanical transmission equipment.

Abstract: A modular hybrid transmission configurable between a 9-speed configuration and an 8-speed configuration includes first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets each having first, second, and third elements. Seven torque transmitting devices are each selectively engageable to interconnect one of the first, second, and third elements of one of the planetary gear sets directly with (i) one of the first, second, and third elements of another one of the planetary gear sets, (ii) a housing, or (iii) an input member. The seven torque transmitting devices are selectively engageable to establish nine forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio. Upon removal of a fourth torque transmitting device, the transmission is arranged in the 8-speed configuration and the remaining six torque transmitting devices are selectively engageable to establish eight forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio.

Abstract: A slider for an actuator, the slider comprises a driving plate that moves under a driving force of a driving unit of the actuator, and a linkage lever channel arranged in the driving plate. A sliding track channel is disposed inside the driving plate, and the slider is sleeved on a sliding track of the actuator through the sliding track channel. When the slider moves along the sliding track of the actuator, a component to be driven is driven to move together. The slider for the actuator of the application has simple assembly process, convenient and quick assembly method, and can be applied to connecting different kinds of components to be driven to meet different user's requirements.

Abstract: A relative translation assembly operable with a drive mechanism. The relative translation assembly can have a fixed support member, a translatable member supported by the fixed support member, and a translation guide portion to facilitate translation of the translatable member relative to the fixed support member. The translation guide portion can have a fixed translation member and a movable translation member. The movable translation member can be configured to maintain preload on the fixed and movable translation members and accommodate thermal expansion. The drive mechanism can be configured to cause translation of the translatable member relative to the fixed support member.

Abstract: A ball screw spline with reduced size and weight includes: a shaft formed in such a manner that a helical ball screw groove and a straight ball spline groove intersect each other; a ball screw nut having a helical ball screw groove facing the ball screw groove in the shaft, the ball screw nut being configured to allow recirculating a screw ball fitting in the ball screw groove in the shaft; and a ball spline outer race having a straight ball spline groove facing the ball spline groove in the shaft, the ball spline outer race being configured to allow recirculating a spline ball fitting in the ball spline groove in the shaft. The ball screw groove in the shaft is made as deep as or deeper than the ball spline groove in the shaft, and the screw ball is made smaller in diameter than the spline ball.

Abstract: A gear device with at least one rotating structural component, with a further structural component that delimits at least one supply area and with at least one consumption point that is to be supplied with hydraulic fluid via the supply area. Hydraulic fluid from at least one hydraulic fluid supply device can be introduced into the at least supply area via at least one supply opening, and can be discharged via at least one outlet opening from the at least one supply area for supplying the at least one consumption point. Inside the supply area, at least one pumping appliance driven by the structural component is provided for transporting hydraulic fluid from the at least one supply opening in the direction of the at least one outlet opening.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gear member formed into a cylindrical shape, the gear member having an internal gear disposed without overlapping the bearing holding portion in an axial direction, the method including: preparing a cylindrical material with a small-diameter cylindrical portion having an inner diameter corresponding to a tooth tip diameter of the internal gear in a tooth width region of the internal gear such that the small-diameter cylindrical portion is extended from the tooth width region toward the one end portion to reach the bearing holding portion; and inserting a skiving cutter from the other end portion side opposite to the one end portion of the cylindrical material to form the internal gear by skiving in the tooth width region of the small diameter cylindrical portion, and terminating the skiving at a halfway position before reaching the bearing holding portion and across the tooth width region.

Abstract: A ball screw with force sensor in radial direction including a screw rod, a screw nut, a plurality of balls, and a force sensor is provided. The screw nut has a cavity. The cavity is extended along a radial direction from an outer surface of the screw nut. The force sensor is disposed in the cavity of the screw nut, and the force sensor includes a stationary base and an elastic component. The stationary base includes a displacement restraint, and the elastic component includes a contact end and a fixed end. The displacement restraint is coupled to the cavity to prevent the stationary base from being displaced in the radial direction for fixing stationary base firmly in the cavity. The fixed end is connected to the stationary base, and the contact end contacts a bottom surface of the cavity in order to sense a force along the radial direction.

Abstract: A lubrication structure of a power transmission device, includes a housing including a bottom space to store lubricating fluid in which a rotating body is immersed to be lubricated, a partition dividing the bottom space into a first space in which a rotating body is provided and a second space opening to the first space, a tubular duct including a projection duct projecting in a projection direction from an end of the first space to the second space such that the first space and the second space communicate with each other via the tubular duct, and a strainer provided in the second space and including a suction inlet through which the strainer is configured to suction the lubricating fluid stored in the bottom space, the suction inlet being located between the end of the first space and a tip end of the projection duct in the projection direction.

Abstract: A gearshift assembly comprises a base and a shift lever having an overmoulded ball portion comprising a pattern of recesses having straight side walls. A socket is fixed in the base and shaped to receive the ball portion of the shift lever. The socket has a sidewall with an inner surface forming part of a sphere to provide a pivotal mounting for the ball portion for pivotal movement of the shift lever over a pivotal movement range. Vertical slots in the sidewall which have parallel vertical side edges that are open at their upper ends to allow a sidewall portion between adjacent vertical slots to elastically flex outwardly during insertion of the ball portion into the socket. The pattern of recesses of the ball portion is arranged such that all sidewalls are inclined with respect to side edges of the vertical slots over the pivotal movement range.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a multi-purpose removable gear shift knob disposed on a gear shift lever in a vehicle. In one aspect, a removable gear shift knob includes a body comprising a central aperture for receiving the gear shift lever and a plurality of compartments disposed around the central aperture. An individual compartment of the plurality of compartments is configured to hold one or more accessories, where the one or more accessories are selected from: one or more screwdriver bits, one or more light emitting diodes (LED), and a battery.

Abstract: A shift device includes a knob that is rotatable to select one of a plurality of gear modes of a transmission of a vehicle and a cam member that engages a portion of the knob in a rotation direction of the knob. The cam member rotates integrally with the knob only when engaged with the portion of the knob. The shift device further includes a drive source that rotates the cam member and a controller. The controller controls the drive source to rotate the knob to an operation position corresponding to a predetermined gear mode if a particular condition is satisfied. The controller decreases a voltage applied to the drive source when the cam member is rotated in at least a pre-engagement section until the cam member engages the portion of the knob from the voltage applied when the cam member is rotated in other sections.

Abstract: A transport apparatus includes: a driving source; an output shaft; and a power transmission device capable of performing power transmission between the driving source and the output shaft. The transport apparatus comprises a control device which controls the driving source and the power transmission device, wherein the power transmission device includes a connecting/disconnecting unit configured to control a fastened state in which the power transmission is performed, and a released state in which the power transmission is not performed, and wherein the control device controls the connecting/disconnecting unit based on a thermal history of the connecting/disconnecting unit.

Abstract: A friction shifting element includes a plurality of first friction plates. A plurality of second friction plates is interleaved with the plurality of first friction plates. The friction shifting element also includes an actuating plate. A shape-memory alloy shifter is configured for moving the actuating plate along an axial direction between an engaged configuration and a disengaged configuration. The actuating plate compresses the plurality of first friction plates and the plurality of second friction plates together when the actuating plate is in the engaged configuration.