Abstract: A method for preparing a flowable liquid fertilizer, the method comprising the steps of providing a solution of potassium calcium polyphosphate; and introducing a water-soluble calcium salt to the aqueous solution of tetrapotassium pyrophosphate to form the flowable liquid fertilizer in the form of an aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: A process of plant fertilization includes adsorbing phosphorus from an anthropogenic phosphorus source onto a plurality of particles of phosphorus adsorbent and then applying the plurality of particles of phosphorus adsorbent to a plant medium. A composition includes a soil amendment and a plant medium. The soil amendment includes a plurality of particles of phosphoms adsorbent and phosphorus from an anthropogenic phosphorus source adsorbed onto the particles. A process includes adsorbing a first amount of phosphorus from a phosphorus source onto a plurality of particles of phosphorus adsorbent to saturate the particles of phosphorus adsorbent with phosphoms. The process also includes processing the particles to maintain the first amount of phosphorus on the particles and permit additional adsorption of phosphorus onto the particles. The process further includes adsorbing an additional amount of phosphoms from the phosphoms source onto the particles to saturate the particles with phosphoms.

Abstract: A fluid-bed granulator system may include a fluid-bed granulator, a scrubber unit, and a connection-duct between an air vent opening of the fluid-bed granulator and the scrubber unit. An inner surface of the connection-duct may be at least partially coated with an anti-adhesion layer. The system may further include a granulator space inside the fluid-bed granulator, a perforated plate disposed inside the granulator space, spray nozzles disposed at the perforated plate, a fluidization air inlet, supply lines for atomization air connected to the spray nozzles, supply lines for a liquid melt connected to the spray nozzles, a granulation seeds inlet, a granulator outlet opening, and an air vent opening. A disclosed urea granulation plant may utilize the fluid-bed granulator system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water dispersible granular composition comprising 1% to 70% of one or more of iron salts, complexes, derivatives, mixtures thereof, 1% to 90% of elemental sulphur, and 1-30% of at least one dispersing agent; wherein the granules are in the size range of 0.1-2.5 mm and comprises particles in the size range of 0.1-20 microns. The invention further relates to a liquid suspension composition comprising 1% to 55% of at least one or more of iron salts, complexes, derivatives, mixtures thereof and 1% to 60% elemental sulphur, 0.01-5% of at least one structuring agent and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient; wherein the composition comprises particles in the size range of 0.1-20 microns. The invention further relates to a process of preparing the composition and to a method of treating the plants, seeds, crops, plant propagation material, locus, parts thereof or the soil with the composition.

Abstract: According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, fertilizer, feed, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts, nutrient recovery from waste streams for valued byproducts production, recycle water, and alternative/renewable energy production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal biomass-processing waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for products such as fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as fertilizer, feed, biofuels, etc. to compete with non-organic or petroleum products in the marketplace.

Abstract: Method for producing a fertilizer or herbicide from a whole stillage byproduct produced in a corn dry-milling process for making alcohol and system therefore is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes separating the whole stillage byproduct into an insoluble solids portion and a thin stillage portion. Thereafter, the thin stillage portion can be dewatered to provide a water soluble solids portion and a dewatered protein portion, which may be optionally dried. The protein in the resulting protein portion can serve as a nitrogen source and sulfur containing amino acids can serve as a sulfur source, which can be desirable components in fertilizers and herbicides. To that end, the resulting protein portion directly may be sold and/or used as a fertilizer or herbicide or can be combined with other components to provide the fertilizer or herbicide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coated granular fertilizer, preferably wherein granules are sulfate-based or phosphate-based. When sulfate-based granules, as in ammonium sulfate, the coating substance is an inorganic salt of alkaline earth elements, preferably calcium, such that when applied to the surface of fertilizers, forms calcium sulfate, preferably a calcium sulfate-dihydrate, as a protective coating. For a reactive coating of a thiosulfate, free sulfuric acid present on the granule reacts to provide an elemental sulfur coating. For ammonium phosphate-based granules, coatings may comprise compounds of Ca++, Al+++ and/or Fe+++ salts thereby forming a calcium, an aluminum, an iron, or mixed cation phosphate protective coating. Thiosulfate is also effective with phosphate-based granules which arc manufactured with sulfuric acid.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for preparing polyunsaturated hydrocarbons, such as E,E-farnesol, farnesyl acetate and squalene, by base catalyzed addition of a dialkylamine to a 3-methylene-1-alkene, such as farnesene. The present disclosure also provides compositions including one more farnesene derivatives prepared using the disclosed methods.

Abstract: A fused ring compound and applications thereof in organic electronic components, particularly in organic electroluminescent diodes; an organic electronic component comprising the fused ring compound, and applications thereof in organic electroluminescent diodes and in display and lighting technologies; and a formulation comprising the fused ring compound, and applications thereof in the preparation of organic electronic components. By optimizing the component structure, good component performance can be achieved, and especially, a high-performance OLED component can be implemented, which provide good material and preparation technology choices for full-color display and lighting applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for modifying the fluorine distribution in a hydrocarbon compound, comprising a step of making contact between said hydrocarbon compound and a catalytic composition comprising a chromium-based catalyst, said process being performed in a reactor made of a material comprising a base layer made of a material M1 and an inner layer made of a material M2, said base layer and said inner layer being laid against each other by bonding.

Abstract: Proposed is a process for producing methanol from synthesis gas by means of multi-stage, for example 2-stage, heterogeneously catalyzed methanol synthesis, wherein the product stream of a synthesis stage is applied to the downstream synthesis stage as a feed stream or after removal of a purge stream recycled to the first synthesis stage as a recycle stream. According to the invention a substream is removed from the synthesis gas fresh gas and introduced into the second methanol synthesis reactor as a bypass stream.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for producing methanol from organic material, characterized in that the apparatus includes an anaerobic digestion arrangement for receiving the organic material and for anaerobically-digesting the organic material in oxygen-depleted conditions to generate methane gas; and a chemical reaction arrangement for reacting the methane gas with water vapour and carbon dioxide in a stoichiometric condition (Eq. 4) between methane steam reforming and methane dry reforming to generate methanol. The apparatus is operable to support a stoichiometric reaction as follows: CO2+3CH4+2H2O=4CH3OH??Eq. 4 The chemical reaction arrangement is operable to provide the stoichiometric condition (Eq. 4) at a first stage for steam reforming at a pressure in a range of 10 Bar to 30 Bar, and at a temperature in a range of 750° C. to 950° C.; and at a second stage of methanol synthesis at a pressure in a range of 50 Bar to 100 Bar, and at a temperature in a range of 200° C. to 250° C.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for producing methanol from organic material, wherein the apparatus includes: (i) an anaerobic digestion arrangement for receiving the organic material and for anaerobically-digesting the organic material in oxygen-depleted conditions to generate an anaerobic digestion gas (AD gas) comprising at least methane, and carbon dioxide; (ii) a pressure swing absorption (PSA) arrangement for the removal of excess carbon dioxide; (iii) a chemical reaction arrangement for reacting the methane gas with water vapour and carbon dioxide in a stoichiometric condition of the reaction, CO2+3CH4+2H2O=4CH3OH, between methane steam reforming and methane dry reforming to generate a synthesis gas, and converting the synthesis gas to methanol; and (iv) an recovery arrangement for recovering unreacted methane and feeding the recovered unreacted methane into the exit stream from the anaerobic digestion arrangement.

Abstract: Proposed is a process for producing methanol from synthesis gas by means of multi-stage, for example 2-stage, heterogeneously catalyzed methanol synthesis, wherein the methanol product formed in every synthesis stage is removed by condensation and the remaining residual gas is applied to the downstream synthesis stage or after removal of a purge stream recycled to the first synthesis stage as a recycle stream. According to the invention a substream is removed from the synthesis gas fresh gas and introduced into the second methanol synthesis reactor as a bypass stream.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 2-(1,2,2-trimethyl-3-cyclopentenyl)-2-oxoethyl carboxylate compound of the following general formula (6), wherein R represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, the process comprising esterifying a 2-(1,2,2-trimethyl-3-cyclopentenyl)-2-oxoethyl compound of the following general formula (5), wherein X represents a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, to form the 2-(1,2,2-trimethyl-3-cyclopentenyl)-2-oxoethyl carboxylate compound (6).

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for slowing deactivation of a catalyst and/or slowing tetraphosphine ligand usage in a hydroformylation process. In one aspect, a method comprises (a) contacting an olefin with carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a catalyst, the catalyst comprising (A) a transition metal, (B) a tetraphosphine having the structure described herein, and, optionally, (C) a monophosphine having the structure described herein, the contacting conducted in one or more reaction zones and at hydroformylation conditions; and (b) adding additional monophosphine having the structure described herein to a reaction zone.

Abstract: This disclosure generally relates to methods of making ibuprofen, naproxen, and derivatives thereof. This disclosure also generally relates to compounds made by the disclosed methods. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing acrylic acid and methyl acrylate. The method comprises passing the feed gas containing dimethoxymethane and carbon monoxide through a solid acid catalyst to generate acrylic acid and methyl acrylate with a high conversion rate and selectivity at a reaction temperature in a range from 180 to 400 and a reaction pressure in a range from 0.1 MPa to 15.0 MPa, the mass space velocity of dimethoxymethane in the feed gas is in a range from 0.05 h?1 to 10.0 h?1, and the volume percentage of dimethoxymethane in the feed gas is in a range from 0.1% to 95%.

Abstract: Methods for the production of 2,4-dihydroxybutyrate (2,4-DHB) from erythrose and other four-carbon sugars are disclosed. The improved methods facilitate the production of 2,4-DHB that is a precursor for biorenewable and animal nutrition chemicals among others.

Abstract: Certain bleached earths improve methods of fatty acid purification.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a fluorinated organic compound, whereby an iodosylbenzene derivative can be easily separated and recovered.

Abstract: A resist composition for pattern printing contains a binder, a filler, a thickener, and a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate. The resist composition does not contain a photoinitiator. The resist composition also contains photocatalytic titanium oxide. A method for forming a pattern includes a resist composition that is pattern-wise printed, and then the resist composition is irradiated with an actinic radiation such that seepage of the resist component from an end of the pattern during the pattern formation using the resist composition is suppressed and the seepage portion is decomposed. As a result, it is possible to drastically reduce the seepage without impairing the rheology of the resist composition and additionally, to remove a slightly seeping portion without requiring, for example, a harmful ozone treatment or the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for synthesizing an aqueous N,N-dimethyl glucamine solution, characterized in that a formaldehyde solution is metered into an N-methyl glucamine solution in the presence of a metal catalyst at hydrogen pressure.

Abstract: Process for the production of 2-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate in multiple stage batch reactions involving the recycling of the catalyst (DBTO) in subsequent reaction, the addition a certain amount of fresh catalyst to the recycled catalyst, the use of said catalysts in the subsequent reaction, and wherein the volume decrease due to azeotropic distillation is compensate in order to keep the volume constant in the reactor during the reaction by the continuous addition of a composition comprising methyl(meth)acrylate and dimethylaminoethanol.

Abstract: A method for preparing pregabalin chiral intermediate (R)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid by a biological enzyme method.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process to prepare esters of an amino carboxylic acid of the formula (I) comprising the steps of reacting an aminocarboxylic acid present as a cyclic amide of the formula II and an alkanol of the formula R—(O-A)mOH in the presence of the Brønsted-Lowry acid at a temperature of between about 60 and about 200 degrees C. wherein the total molar amount of aminocarboxylic acid to the molar amount of the alkanol is between about 1:0.8 and about 1:1.5 and wherein the Brønsted-Lowry acid is not added to the reaction mixture until least about 50% of the total of the alkanol and cyclic amide are added to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing pregabalin by a biological enzyme method.

Abstract: This disclosure features niclosamide compounds (or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or co-crystals thereof, e.g., niclosamide), having one or more properties that include, but are not limited to: a particular purity (e.g., a chemical purity of greater than about 99.0%) and a particular particle size (e.g., a particular particle size distribution and/or a particular particle size range and/or a specific surface area range). In an aspect, the niclosamide compounds described herein (e.g., niclosamide) can form part of compositions, dosage forms (e.g., unit dosage forms), and the like, which are suitable for oral administration. This disclosure also features methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 3,3?,5,5?-Tetramethylbenzidine represented by formula I, and processes for the preparation of intermediates used in the preparation of 3,3?,5,5?-Tetramethylbenzidine.

Abstract: The invention provide a compound of formula I: or a salt thereof. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, processes for preparing a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, intermediates useful for preparing a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and therapeutic methods comprising the administration of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds and salts are useful for inhibiting glycolysis and mitochondrial function and are useful for treating cancer, autoimmune diseases, NASH, CGvHD, and obesity. The compounds and salts are are useful for treating transplant rejection.

Abstract: The present application discloses stilbene derivative compounds and compositions, and methods for treating ocular diseases, neurological disorders and protein aggregation-related disorders in patients using the compounds and compositions as disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved asymmetric synthesis of alpha-branched amines (hereafter referred to as the compound) and relative chiral amines (1?) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and derivatives. The process comprises an unusual substrate specific regioselective ortho lithiation of substituted arene compounds, followed by its highly diastereoselective addition to N-tert-butanesulfinylimines resulting in the selective formation of alpha-branched sulfinyl amine and chiral amine; which on subsequently removing the sulfinyl group provides corresponding alpha-branched amines or relative chiral amines (1?).

Abstract: A method and a production system for recovering and treating taurine mother liquor, which is used for the process of ethylene oxide taurine production process. As for the treatment of the last mother liquor of taurine, add alkali firstly to the last mother liquor of taurine and then acid to form salt, or add salt directly; then concentrate and crystallize and filter, to remove lots of impurities in taurine mother liquor. This solves the problem of separating impurities, greatly shortening the time of removing impurities. The last mother liquor can also be decolorizes and additional impurities removes by activated carbon, and the removal of salt by mixing ammonia into the mother liquor to obtain the pure taurine mother liquor, thereby recovering the mother liquor and increasing the product yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oxygenated amino and ammonium-containing sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid and carboxylic acid derivatives, in particular the compounds of formula 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and their medical use, including their use in the treatment, prevention or amelioration of an inflammatory, autoimmune and/or allergic disorder, or a proliferative, neoplastic or dysplastic disease or disorder.

Abstract: Compounds as STAT3 inhibitors are described. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, methods of making the same, and a method for treating or preventing conditions such as cancer, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis using the same, are described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds, compositions and methods for preventing, treating or curing Hepatitis B (HBV) infection in human subjects or other animal hosts. The compounds are as also pharmaceutically acceptable, salts, prodrugs, and other derivatives thereof as pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treatment, prevention or eradication of HBV infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates inter alia to a compound of formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R3, are as defined in the specification and to compositions comprising the same and to the use of the compounds and to compositions of the compounds in treatment, for example in the treatment of fibrotic diseases or interstitial lung diseases, in particular idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Abstract: Disclosed compounds, pharmaceutical compositions are used for inhibiting cathepsin C without inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, useful as pesticides, and especially fungicides.

Abstract: The present invention provides phenyl-2-hydroxy-acetylamino-2-methyl-phenyl compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, to methods of using the compounds to treat physiological disorders such as cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor compounds. The present invention is further directed to compositions comprising those compounds. Finally, the present invention is directed to methods of treating eye conditions including, but not limited to, diabetic background retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, diabetic proliferative retinopathy, diabetic macular edema with proliferative retinopathy, proliferative fibrovascular disease, diabetic macular edema with proliferative fibrovascular disease, retinopathy of prematurity, dry macular degeneration, dry macular degeneration with drusen and wet macular degeneration, using compounds and compositions of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compounds for regulating or enhancing erthropoiesis and iron metabolism, and for treating or preventing iron deficiency and anemia of chronic disease.

Abstract: To provide a photoelectric conversion element capable of improving afterimage characteristics. It includes a first electrode and a second electrode arranged to face each other, and a photoelectric conversion layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a first organic semiconductor material and a second organic semiconductor material, in which the first organic semiconductor material or the second organic semiconductor material includes an organic semiconductor having a D3/Dtot of 0.01 or more.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I) and (II): and to their prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of use, and methods for their preparation. The compounds disclosed herein are useful for modulating H1 and 5-HT2A receptors and are to be used in the treatment of sleep disorders, such as sleep fragmentation, disturbed sleep/arousals, and arousal threshold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to disubstituted 3-pyrazole carboxylates of the formula (I) and a process for their preparation wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and n are defined as above.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, which inhibit the activity of Olig2. Also described herein are methods of using such Olig2 inhibitors, alone and in combination with other compounds, for treating cancer and other diseases. In particular the Olig2 inhibitors may be used to treat glioblastoma.

Abstract: Provided herein are Diaminopyrimidine Compounds having the following structures: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined herein, compositions comprising an effective amount of a Diaminopyrimidine Compound, and methods for treating or preventing liver fibrotic disorders or a condition treatable or preventable by inhibition of a JNK pathway.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds that are modulators of Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK), and methods of treating diseases with such compounds. In certain embodiments, the compounds are within Formulas I-VII (e.g., Csbl-1). In some embodiments, the compounds are used to treat an ILK-mediated disease, such as cancer (e.g., triple negative breast cancer) or an inflammatory disease.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments relate to improved methods for the synthesis of activated fumarate intermediates and their use in chemical synthesis. Disclosed embodiments describe the synthesis of activated fumarate esters including those derived from activating groups including: 4-nitrophenyl, diphenylphophoryl azide, pivaloyl chloride, chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, p-nitrophenol, MEF, trifluoroacetyl and chlorine, for example, ethyl fumaroyl chloride and the subsequent use of the activated ester in situ. Further embodiments describe the improved synthesis of substituted aminoalkyl-diketopiperazines from unisolated and unpurified intermediates allowing for improved yields and reactor throughput.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a novel crystal of 2-{4-[N-(5,6-diphenylpyrazin-2-yl)-N-isopropylamino]butyloxy}acetic acid (hereinafter referred to as “Compound B”). A form-I crystal of Compound B, which shows peaks at diffraction angles (2?) of 6.4°, 8.1°, 9.5°, 10.9°, 13.2°, 15.7°, 17.0°, 19.5°, 20.3°, 21.0°, and 22.8° in a powder X-ray diffraction spectrum obtained using a Cu-K? radiation (?=1.54 ?). A form-II crystal of Compound B, which shows peaks at diffraction angles (2?) of 9.6°, 11.4°, 11.7°, 16.3°, 17.5°, 18.5°, 18.7°, 19.9°, 20.1°, 21.0°, and 24.6° in a powder X-ray diffraction spectrum obtained using a Cu-K? radiation (?=1.54 ?).