Abstract: A device (1) for purification of water driven by gravity through a purification unit between an upper dirt water container (2) and a lower clean water tank (3). A backwash system may be integrated, the system comprising a receptacle (8) for accumulation of the backwash water to prevent consumption thereof by mistake.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments provides a desalination device comprising an electrochemical cell comprising a porous positive electrode, a porous negative electrode, and a membrane positioned between the porous positive electrode and the porous negative electrode, the electrodes comprising a network of conductive material comprising a plurality of electrode active materials dispersed throughout the conductive material, the porous negative electrode and the porous positive electrode have the same electrode active material, a power supply to supply a current to the electrochemical cell, an inlet for providing a feed stream to the electrochemical cell, a first outlet line for removing a concentrated effluent and a second outlet line for removing a desalinated effluent. Also provided is a desalination device having a plurality of electrochemical channels with alternating anion and cation selective membranes, and a porous negative and positive electrode having the same electrode active material.

Abstract: Novel polyaluminum chlorosilicates (PACSi) and sodium aluminum silicate (SAS) products having improved characteristics useful in the treatment of water and wastewater as compared with polyaluminum chlorides (PAC), are provided herein, as well as new processes for their manufacture, and methods of using PACSi as coagulants and flocculants in the treatment of water and/or wastewater.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to reduce the installation load, or the maintenance or the management load of a measurement device for ballast water that is measured for plural times, and to simplify the linkage between ballast water process equipment and a ballast water measurement device that are installed in a ship.

Abstract: A compact system for treating pharmaceutical waste at a location at which the pharmaceutical waste is disposed includes a housing having a door. The housing contains a waste influent tank configured to hold and discharge a fluid comprising pharmaceutical waste; a first container configured to hold and discharge hydrogen peroxide utilized in a chemical reaction to treat the pharmaceutical waste; a second container configured to hold and discharge aqueous iron solution utilized in the chemical reaction to treat the pharmaceutical waste; and a neutralizer tank in which the chemical reaction is carried out. The door of the housing is configured to move between an open position and a closed position to allow or deny access to an interior of the housing.

Abstract: A water treatment system with a photocatalytic nanocomposite sheet, an adsorbent layer, and a fibrous filter, wherein the photocatalytic nanocomposite sheet comprises polymethylmethacrylate and silver phosphate, the adsorbent layer comprises plasma activated carbon nanotubes, and the fibrous filter is a composite of polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer fibers, with carbon nanotubes that are dispersed within the polymer fibers and silver nanoparticles that are deposited on the polymer fibers. Various embodiments of the water treatment system and methods of fabricating the photocatalytic nanocomposite sheet, the adsorbent layer, and the fibrous filter are also provided.

Abstract: A horizontal flow water treatment method and wetland biofilter apparatus provides a chamber with impermeable outer walls spaced away from permeable interior walls of a media filtration bed such that a catch basin is formed between the outer walls and the interior walls. The catch basin creates an open area around the perimeter of the interior walls for influent water to fill within the open area before penetrating the filtration media, providing a large surface area for influent water to interact with the media filtration bed. The influent water enters the catch basin in a horizontal flow path to provide for pre-settling of particulates before making contact with the filtration media. The biofilter design increases the available surface area of the media filtration bed by up to four times for a given volume of water, and thereby minimizes the loading or infiltration rate on the media filtration bed.

Abstract: A device and method for shortcut nitrogen removal and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria activity inhibition are disclosed herein. An embodiment of the present invention provides a yarn fiber diffuser comprising: a plurality of yarn fibers on which bacteria can be attached and grow; and an inlet capable of supplying gas to one sides of the plurality of yarn fibers, wherein the gas includes oxygen and carbon dioxide, nitrite can be produced by the oxygen, and the concentration of oxygen in the gas is adjusted by the oxygen and the carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A water hygiene improving system and method are provided which may include and utilize one or more water hygiene improving devices which may be coupled to a building water supply network at any number of locations so that water passing through each water hygiene improving device is returned to the building water supply network. The water hygiene improving device may include one or more membrane filtration systems and optionally one or more bioreactors.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating wastewater including a contact tank configured to mix influent wastewater with activated sludge to form a mixed liquor, a dissolved air flotation unit having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the dissolved air flotation unit in fluid communication with an outlet of the contact tank, and a membrane bioreactor including a biological treatment vessel having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the dissolved air flotation unit and an activated sludge outlet in fluid communication with an inlet of the contact tank.

Abstract: An amorphous alloy contains Ni and Nb and has a composition including at least one of: a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 35.6 atomic % to 75.1 atomic %, Ir with a content in the range of 7.2 atomic % to 52.3 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.0 atomic % to 48.5 atomic %; a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 19.6 atomic % to 80.9 atomic %, Re with a content in the range of 7.4 atomic % to 59.2 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.1 atomic % to 56.9 atomic %; and a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 7.5 atomic % to 52.9 atomic %, W with a content in the range of 16.4 atomic % to 47.0 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 22.0 atomic % to 53.3 atomic %.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a process for the preparation of a quartz glass body. The process includes providing a silicon dioxide granulate, making a glass melt out of the silicon dioxide granulate, and making a quartz glass body out of at least a part of the glass melt. In one aspect, providing a silicon dioxide granulate includes providing of a silicon dioxide powder and processing of the powder to obtain a silicon dioxide granulate including the spray drying of a silicon dioxide slurry using a nozzle. The nozzle has a contact surface to the slurry made of glass, plastic or a combination thereof. Furthermore, one aspect relates to a quartz glass body obtainable by this process. Furthermore, one aspect relates to the preparation of a silicon dioxide granulate. One aspect also relates to a light guide, an illuminant, and a formed body, made from processing of the quartz glass body.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a forming body of a glass forming apparatus may include an upper portion with a first forming surface and a second forming surface extending from the upper portion. The first forming surface and the second forming surface may converge at a bottom edge of the forming body. A trough for receiving molten glass may be positioned in the upper portion of the forming body. The trough may include a first weir, a second weir opposite from and spaced apart from the first weir, and a base extending between the first weir and the second weir. At least a portion of a vertical surface of the first weir may curve inward towards a centerline of the trough. Similarly, at least a portion of a vertical surface of the second weir may curve inward towards the centerline of the trough.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing process includes forming an object material stack using sheet materials without use of binder material between the sheet materials and forming features of the cross-sectional layers of a 3D object in the corresponding sheet materials. Another process involves forming features of the cross-sectional layers of a 3D object in soot layers of a laminated soot sheet. A manufactured article includes three or more glass layers laminated together without any binder material between the glass layers. At least one of the glass layers is composed of silica or doped silica, and at least one feature is formed in at least one of the glass layers.

Abstract: A method for machining and releasing closed forms from a transparent, brittle substrate includes using a burst of ultrafast laser pulses to drill patterns of orifices in the substrate. Orifices are formed by photoacoustic compression and they extend completely or partially in the transparent substrate. A scribed line of spaced apart orifices in the transparent substrate comprise a closed form pattern in the substrate. A heat source is applied in a region about said scribed line of spaced apart orifices until the closed form pattern releases from the transparent substrate.

Abstract: This invention provides a manufacturing method for an optical fiber. In this invention, when the core layer loose body and the cladding layer loose body are deposited, the oxyhydrogen flame is used make a temperature of an interface between the core layer and the cladding layer rise, such that silicon dioxide at the interface appropriately contracts to form an isolation layer with a relatively high density. In addition, in this invention, a hollow glass tube is used as a target rod, and the hollow glass tube which is the target rod is directly connected with the core layer loose body. During the subsequent dehydration, not only a dehydration atmosphere penetrates from the outside to the inside of the cladding layer loose body, but also the dehydration atmosphere directly enters the core layer through the hollow glass tube.

Abstract: An assembly for chopping glass fibers including a cutter wheel having a plurality of radially extending blades and a cot wheel adjacent the cutter wheel. The cot wheel including an inner hub, an elastomeric ring mounted onto the inner hub for rotation therewith; and a retaining device fixably attached to the hub and engaging the elastomeric ring to resist separation of the elastomeric ring from the hub during rotation of the cot wheel.

Abstract: An article includes SiO2 from about 40 mol % to about 80 mol %, Al2O3 from about 1 mol % to about 20 mol %, B2O3 from about 3 mol % to about 50 mol %, WO3 plus MoO3 from about 1 mol % to about 18 mol % and at least one of: (i) Au from about 0.001 mol % to about 0.5 mol %, (ii) Ag from about 0.025 mol % to about 1.5 mol %, and (iii) Cu from about 0.03 mol % to about 1 mol %, and R2O from about 0 mol % to about 15 mol %. The R2O is one or more of Li2O, Na2O, K2O, Rb2O and Cs2O. R2O minus Al2O3 ranges from about ?12 mol % to about 3.8 mol %.

Abstract: To provide an alkali-free glass, of which the compaction is low, the strain point is high, and the ultraviolet transmittance is high, and which is easy to melt. An alkali-free glass, which comprises, as represented by mol % based on oxides, SiO2 from 65 to 75, Al2O3 from 9 to 15, B2O3 from 0 to 3, MgO from 0 to 12, CaO from 0 to 8, SrO from 0 to 6, and BaO from 0 to 5, wherein MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO is from 12 to 22, and 4.84[Fe2O3]+5.65[Na2O]+4.03[K2O]+4.55[SnO2] is at most 0.55, and of which the compaction is at most 80 ppm.

Abstract: A multi-layer glass phosphor powder sheet and its preparation method, and a light-emitting device. The preparation method for the multi-layer glass phosphor powder sheet includes: mixing a first optical functional material, a glass powder and an organic carrier to obtain a first slurry, and mixing a second optical functional material, the glass powder and the organic carriers to obtain a second slurry; coating the first slurry on a first substrate, and drying it at a first temperature so that at least some of the organic carrier is volatilized, to obtain a first functional layer, the first temperature being lower than a softening point of the glass powder; coating the second slurry on the surface of the first functional layer, to obtain a second functional layer; and sintering the first substrate on which the functional layers are coated at a second temperature, to obtain the multi-layer glass phosphor powder sheet.

Abstract: A method of reworking lithium containing ion exchanged glass articles is provided. The method includes a reverse ion exchange process that returns the glass article to approximately the composition of the glass from which the glass article was produced, before being subjected to ion exchange. The reworked glass articles exhibit a K2O concentration profile comprising a portion wherein a K2O concentration increases to a local K2O concentration maximum.

Abstract: A hydrophobic coating and a method for applying such a coating to a surface of a substrate. The method includes applying a coating composition to the surface and heating the coated surface at a cure temperature from about 300° C. to about 600° C. for a time from about 2 hours to about 48 hours. The coating composition is applied to the surface by an application method selected from the group consisting of flowing, dipping, and spraying. The coating composition comprises a yttrium compound, an additive selected from the group consisting of a cerium compound and a dispersion of yttrium oxide nanoparticles, a water-soluble polymer, and a solvent solution of de-ionized water and a water-soluble alcohol.

Abstract: A solar control glass article includes a transparent substrate provided with a thin multilayer coating having solar control properties. The thin multilayer coating includes an absorber layer sandwiched between a first and second transparent dielectric layers, a functional layer protected by an upper and lower blocker layers and a third transparent dielectric layer provided over the upper blocker layer. The thickness of the functional layer and the thickness of the transparent dielectric layers are adjusted to give a gold colored reflection on a surface opposite to the first surface of the transparent substrate provided with a thin multilayer coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fire-resistant ceramic product, a batch for manufacturing a product of said type, and a process for manufacturing a product of said type.

Abstract: Provided is a transparent rare earth aluminum garnet ceramic that has a highlight transmission rate and can be mass produced. The transparent rare earth aluminum garnet ceramic is represented by general formula R3Al5O12 (R is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements having an atomic number of 65 to 71) and includes Si and Y as sintering aids, or is represented by general formula R3Al5O12 (R is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements having an atomic number of 65 to 70) and includes Si and Lu as sintering aids.

Abstract: Organosilicon chemistry, polymer derived ceramic materials, and methods. Such materials and methods for making polysilocarb (SiOC) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) materials having 3-nines, 4-nines, 6-nines and greater purity. Processes and articles utilizing such high purity SiOC and SiC.

Abstract: A method of treating a carbon/carbon composite is provided. The method may include infiltrating a carbonized fibrous structure with hydrocarbon gas to form a densified fibrous structure. The method may include treating the densified fibrous structure with heat at a first temperature range from about 1600 to about 2400° C. to form a heat treated densified fibrous structure. The method may include infiltrating the heat treated densified fibrous structure with silicon to form a silicon carbide infiltrated fibrous structure.

Abstract: A thermally-insulating composite material with co-shrinkage in the form of an insulating material formed by the inclusion of microballoons in a matrix material such that the microballoons and the matrix material exhibit co-shrinkage upon processing. The thermally-insulating composite material can be formed by a variety of microballoon-matrix material combinations such as polymer microballoons in a preceramic matrix material. The matrix materials generally contain fine rigid fillers.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to a method for the manufacture of a liquid composition essentially consisting of an organic solvent of the type glycol and a urease inhibitor of the type phosphoric triamide and products obtained therewith.

Abstract: Biochars and methods for treating biochars are provided that are useful in various applications, including, but not limited to, applications related to the raising, care, maintenance, disease prevention, disease treatment and odor control of animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for the conversion of poultry waste into useful products. Some embodiments are directed to a process for forming a product solution from poultry waste. The process includes providing a feedstock that contains greater than 60 percent poultry waste, and anaerobically digesting the feedstock to produce a digestate that has a solids content of about 5% to about 15% by weight. The process also includes separating and classifying the digestate into multiple high solids fractions and a first filtrate. The process also includes adding the high solids fractions to an acid solution to form a slurry that is then separated and classified into multiple second solids fractions and a second filtrate. The process also includes clarifying the first and second filtrates to produce a first and a second centrate. The process also includes mixing the first centrate with the second centrate to form the product solution.

Abstract: The present application relates to systems and methods for processing organic material. The methods may include extraction of biochemical nutrients from organic material, such as food scraps. The method can include comminuting the organic material to form a slurry from components comprising liquid and organic material; combining the slurry with microorganisms, such as a yeast, under aerobic conditions to form a mixture of the slurry and yeast; aerating the mixture; and forming a biomass and a nutrient-rich broth, in which the biochemical nutrients are stabilized and anabolized. The systems may, in some embodiments, be configured to perform the methods of processing organic materials.

Abstract: Provided herein are a use of thioether compounds of formula I as nitrification inhibitors, and agricultural mixtures and compositions including the thioether compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing mixed xylenes and C9+ hydrocarbons in which an aromatic hydrocarbon feedstock comprising benzene and/or toluene is contacted with an alkylating agent comprising methanol and/or dimethyl ether under alkylation conditions in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to produce an alkylated aromatic product stream comprising the mixed xylenes and C9+ hydrocarbons. The mixed xylenes are subsequently converted to para-xylene, and the C9+ hydrocarbons and its components may be supplied as motor fuels blending components. The alkylation catalyst comprises a molecular sieve having a Constraint Index in the range from greater than zero up to about 3. The molar ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon to alkylating agent is in the range of greater than 1:1 to less than 4:1.

Abstract: Processes for the production of high purity isobutylene are disclosed. The processes may include supplying a mixed C4 feed stream to a catalytic distillation column, which may contain a butene isomerization catalyst. 1-butene is isomerized to 2-butene and concurrently in the catalytic distillation column the 2-butene is separated from the isobutane and isobutylene. The overheads fraction comprising the isobutane and isobutylene is then condensed in an overheads system and fed to a splitter, where the isobutane is separated from the isobutylene. The process further includes operating the catalytic distillation column at an overheads temperature greater than a bottoms temperature of the splitter, and heating a portion of the splitter bottoms stream via indirect heat exchange with at least a portion of the catalytic distillation column overheads fraction, thereby producing a heated bottoms stream (reboil vapor) fed to the splitter and a cooled overheads fraction.

Abstract: A multi-stage dehydrogenation process including contacting, in a first stage, a feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon and steam with a dehydrogenation catalyst under dehydrogenation conditions to yield a first stage effluent, heating the first stage effluent, and contacting, in a second stage, the heated first stage effluent with a dehydrogenation catalyst under dehydrogenation conditions to yield a second stage effluent comprising a dehydrogenation product, wherein the first stage includes a first reactor and a second reactor arranged in parallel, and wherein the second stage includes a third reactor connected in series with the first reactor and the second reactor. A multi-stage dehydrogenation system for carrying out dehydrogenation is also provided.

Abstract: Provided in this disclosure is a process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of a lower alkane into a corresponding alkene. The process includes providing a gas stream comprising the lower alkane to a reactor; contacting, in the oxidative dehydrogenation reactor, the lower alkane with a catalyst that includes a mixed metal oxide; and providing to the last 50% of the oxidative dehydrogenation reactor a stream comprising from 0.01 vol. % to 10 vol. % of a C1-C3 alcohol.

Abstract: The method according to this disclosure is a method for separating an unsaturated hydrocarbon having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and a halogenated unsaturated carbon compound formed by replacing at least one of hydrogen atoms included in the unsaturated hydrocarbon with a fluorine atom, from each other and is a method for selectively adsorbing either the unsaturated hydrocarbon or the halogenated unsaturated carbon compound by a porous coordination polymer that includes a metallic ion having a valence of 2 to 4 and an aromatic anion having 1 to 6 aromatic ring(s).

Abstract: A catalyst composition for converting an alcohol to olefins, the catalyst composition comprising the following components: (a) beta zeolite; (b) at least one element selected from the group consisting of zinc, magnesium, calcium, strontium, sodium, and potassium; and (c) at least one element selected from the group consisting of hafnium, yttrium, zirconium, tantalum, niobium, and tin; wherein the components (b) and (c) are independently within or on a surface of said beta zeolite. The catalyst may also further include component (d), which is copper or silver. Also described herein is a method for converting an alcohol to one or more olefinic compounds, the method comprising contacting the alcohol with a catalyst at a temperature of at least 100° C. and up to 500° C. to result in the alcohol being converted to the one or more olefinic compounds.

Abstract: By subjecting a starting material composition containing hexafluorobutadiene and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of octafluoro-1-butene, octafluoro-2-butene, heptafluoro-1-butene, and heptafluoro-2-butene to extractive distillation in the presence of an extraction solvent to reduce the concentration of the additional compound, hexafluorobutadiene with higher purity can be obtained.

Abstract: We have discovered that addition of water to a mixture of oxygenates increases their volatility relative to methanol. A process and apparatus are disclosed for separating methanol from other oxygenates. Water is separated from a stream comprising water, methanol and at least one other oxygenate to provide a water rich stream and a methanol and oxygenate rich stream. The methanol and oxygenate rich stream and water are fed to a column to provide an oxygenate rich stream and a methanol and water extract stream. The methanol and water can then be readily separated from each other.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to downstream processing of fatty alcohol (FALC) and provides a novel purification method that provides FALC at high purity and yield.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a dendritic polyethylene glycol derivative and a preparation method and an application thereof. The dendritic polyethylene glycol derivative has a structure of formula (I), has multiple end functional groups, has a stronger water solubility in comparison with linear-chain polyethylene glycol, and can solve a problem of insufficient water solubility due to the increase of load when modifying an insoluble drug by the polyethylene glycol. The preparation method of the dendritic polyethylene glycol derivative provided by the disclosure has mild reaction conditions, is green and environmentally friendly, is low in cost, and is easy to implement industrialization.

Abstract: A process for the production of glycolic acid or a derivative thereof comprises: reacting formaldehyde with carbon monoxide and water in a carbonylation reactor in the presence of a sulfur catalyst, said reactor operating under suitable conditions, such that glycolic acid is formed; recovering a first product stream comprising glycolic acid, impurities and a sulfur species in the carbonylation reactor; passing the first product stream to an esterification reactor where it is subjected to esterification to form an alkylglycolate and wherein the esterification is catalysed by the sulfur species recovered in the first product stream; recovering a second product stream comprising the alkylglycolate, sulfur species and impurities from the esterification reactor; separating the sulfur species from the second product stream and recycling it to the carbonylation reactor in step (a) to form a sulphur depleted second product stream; separating the alkylglycolate from the sulphur depleted second product stream in a dist

Abstract: A process for the production of methyl acetate by carbonylating dimethyl ether with carbon monoxide at a temperature of 250 to 350° C. in the presence of a zeolite catalyst and hydrogen such that the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is at least 1, and one or more compounds containing a hydroxyl functional group and in the absence of any added methyl acetate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of enantiomerically and diastereomerically enriched cyclobutane amines and amides by reacting (a) cyclopropylcarbonitrile to a cyclopropylcarbaldehyde, (b) further reacting to a cyclobutanone, or (d?) further reacting to an enamide, (c) further reacting to enantiomerically and diastereomerically enriched cyclobutane amines, or (d) further reacting to an enamide and (e) to an enantiomerically and diastereomerically enriched cyclobutylamide to obtain (f) an enantiomerically and diastereomerically enriched cyclobutane amine, and (g) further reacting to an enantiomerically and diastereomerically enriched cyclobutane amide.

Abstract: A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base: In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R1, R2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R3, R4 and R5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pKa in the range of 1 to 15.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an ?-aminoamide derivative compound and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, provided is a therapeutic agent which can overcome the disadvantages of existing drugs used as a MAO-B inhibitor and, specifically, reversibly inhibits MAO-B through a non-covalent bond so as to alleviate or eliminate the side effects of the existing drugs which exhibit a therapeutic effect by irreversibly acting via a covalent bond with MAO-B. Particularly, a new compound having superior stability and efficacy compared to the existing reversible MAO-B inhibitors may be provided.

Abstract: A hydroxy functional alkyl carbamate is disclosed having the formula: wherein R comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C36 alkyl group, an aromatic group, and/or a polymeric moiety; wherein each R1 is independently a hydrogen, alkyl having at least 1 carbon, or a hydroxy functional alkyl having 2 or more carbons and at least one R1 is a hydroxy functional alkyl having 2 or more carbons; and n is 2-6. The present invention is also directed to a composition, and substrates coated therewith, comprising a film-forming resin; and a hydroxy functional alkyl carbamate crosslinker having the formula shown above. Other hydroxy functional alkyl carbamate compounds, polymers made with the same, and compositions comprising the same are also disclosed as are substrates coated at least in part with or formed with any of the compositions described herein.