Abstract: Disclosed is modified silica filler material wherein the silica filler material has been surface treated with both an alkyl silane and an alkenyl silane. The modified silica filler material, when included in an elastomeric composition, results in lower compression set and improved mechanical properties including viscosity, tensile strength, modulus and elongation. The filler material can be used at high levels in elastomeric compositions and does not raise the viscosity to unusable levels. The elastomeric composition including the modified filler material finds special use in the formation of gaskets for fuel cells.

Abstract: Flame retardant thermoplastic polyamide compositions are described that provide a superior combination of glow wire ignition and elongation/toughness properties, comprising a polyamide resin; a bromine-containing flame retardant; a hindered phenolic heat stabilizer; and optionally at least one of a flame retardant synergist, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a mold release agent, an acid scavenger and a colorant.

Abstract: Polysaccharide filaments and fibrous structures containing such polysaccharide filaments and more particularly polysaccharide filaments that exhibit birefringence are provided.

Abstract: There is provided a novel a non-toxic self-adhesive shear thickening dilatant fluid and process for the formation thereof comprising the sequential steps of forming a gel comprising a first portion of starch and water and adding a sufficient second portion of dry non-toxic solid material to said gel to form a kneadable solid which is dry to the touch. In particular it is directed to a material whose base is corn starch.

Abstract: Fibrous elements, such as filaments and/or fibers, and more particularly to fibrous elements that contain a fast wetting surfactant, fibrous structures made therefrom, and methods for making same are provided.

Abstract: According to the tire of the present invention having a tread composed of a rubber composition comprising, based on 100 parts by mass of a rubber component, 1 to 20 parts by mass of an ethylene-propylene-styrene copolymer, wherein the composition ratio thereof is 10 to 60% by mass of ethylene, 10 to 60% by mass of propylene, and 5 to 40% by mass of styrene; and 3 to 100 parts by mass of carbon black, a tire having a tread composed of a rubber composition excellent in chipping resistance can be provided.

Abstract: A highly fire-resistant expanded polymeric material for thermal insulation, acoustic insulation and/or fire barrier contains rubber, expandable graphite, at least one alkaline earth metal component selected from alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, hydrates of either, and combinations thereof, and a component containing silica or a silicate. The expanded polymeric material is preferably manufactured by a process including decomposition of a chemical blowing agent.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pneumatic tire having a tread comprising a vulcanizable rubber composition comprising, based on 100 parts by weight of elastomer (phr), (A) from about 40 to about 90 phr of a solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber having a glass transition temperature (Tg) ranging from ?40° C. to 0° C.; (B) from about 60 to about 10 phr of polybutadiene; and (C) from 5 to 50 phr of a hydrocarbon resin having a Tg ranging from ?40° C. to 20° C.; (D) optionally, a rubber process oil (E) optionally, a hydrocarbon resin having a Tg ranging above 20° C. wherein the total amount of hydrocarbon resins and oils is less than 65 phr, and the weight ratio of silica to the total of hydrocarbon resins and oils is greater than 2. (F) from 70 to 130 phr of silica.

Abstract: Provided is a rubber composition for a shoe sole. The rubber composition includes: an elastic polymer including a styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and a styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) thermoplastic rubber; and a crosslinking agent. The total styrene content of the elastic polymer is at least 35% by weight.

Abstract: A latex composition containing a conjugated diene polymer latex and a medium-chain fatty acid glyceride, wherein a content proportion of the medium-chain fatty acid glyceride is 1 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the conjugated diene polymer. In the present invention, a medium-chain fatty acid forming the medium-chain fatty acid glyceride is preferably a fatty acid having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. In the present invention, the medium-chain fatty acid glyceride is preferably a medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride. The latex composition preferably further contains a crosslinking agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conductive article made from a composite material comprising: from 50 to 99 wt % of a first polyethylene resin as based on the total weight of said composite material, wherein the first polyethylene resin has a melt index MI2 of at most 0.45 g/10 min as determined according to ISO 1133 (190° C.—2.16 kg), and a density ranging from 0.920 g/cm3 to 0.980 g/cm3 as determined according to ISO 1183 at a temperature of 23° C.; and from 0.2 to 10 wt % of carbon particles as based on the total weight of said composite material as determined according to ISO 11358 selected from nanographene, carbon nanotubes or any combination thereof; wherein the composite material further comprises from 0.10 to 0.48 wt % of polyethylene glycol as based on the total weight of the composite material, and in that said polyethylene glycol is selected to have a weight average molecular weight Mw of at most 20,000 g/mol.

Abstract: Provided is a polyethylene resin film exhibiting more improved transparency while exhibiting excellent processability and mechanical properties. The polyethylene resin film having a density of 0.910 g/cm3 to 0.930 g/cm3, and a haze of 10% or less at a thickness of 90 ?m to 110 ?m includes a first polyethylene resin and a second polyethylene resin at a weight ratio of 6:4 to 8:2, wherein the first polyethylene resin has an MFRR (21.6/2.16) value of 27 to 40, and the second polyethylene resin has an MFRR (21.6/2.16) value of 15 to 23, and the MFRR (21.6/2.16) value is obtained by dividing a melt flow rate (MFR21.6) measured at a temperature of 230° C. under a load of 21.6 kg in accordance with ISO 1133 by a melt flow rate (MFR2.16) measured at a temperature of 230° C. under a load of 2.16 kg in accordance with ISO 1133.

Abstract: Described herein are thermoplastic elastomer compositions that comprise 30-60 wt % of a thermoplastic vulcanizate, 5 to 25 wt % of a thermoplastic resin, 5 to 25 wt % of a high density polyethylene, and 5 to 40 wt % of a ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. The thermoplastic elastomer compositions may be particularly useful in forming laminates, such as slip coat laminates for glass run channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container, preferably a cooling fluid expansion reservoir prepared from a thermoplastic composition comprising from 95-70 wt. % based on the weight of the thermoplastic composition of a polypropylene composition having a total amount of comonomer of at most 3 wt. % based on the weight of the polypropylene composition and comprising a random propylene copolymer having a comonomer content from 0.2 to 5 wt. % based on the weight of the random propylene copolymer and the random propylene copolymer having a melt flow index of at most 0.7 g/10 min determined in accordance with ISO 1133 (2.16 kg, 230° C.), from 5-30 wt. % based on the weight of the thermoplastic composition of reinforcing fibres, from 0-5 wt. % based on the weight of the thermoplastic composition of additives.

Abstract: The crosslinked polyolefin resin foam of the present invention is a crosslinked polyolefin resin foam obtained by crosslinking and foaming a polyolefin resin composition comprising a polypropylene resin and an olefin rubber; the olefin rubber having a Mooney viscosity (ML1+4, 100° C.) of 15 to 85; the olefin rubber being contained in an amount of 10 to 150 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the polypropylene resin; the foam having a 25% compressive hardness of 30 to 70 kPa and a compressive strength ratio, 25% compressive strength/5% compressive strength, of 2.0 to 4.5. According to the present invention, a crosslinked polyolefin resin foam from which a molded product excellent in appearance can be obtained even in a secondary processing to a complicated shape without impairment of flexibility, and a molded product made from the same are provided.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for the manufacture of a dense film. The process includes processing, in a molten phase, a solid composition [composition (C)] comprising; at least one vinylidene fluoride (VDF) fluoropolymer comprising one or more carboxylic acid functional end groups [polymer (F)], at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) of formula (I): HO—(CH2CHRAO)n—RB??(I) wherein RA is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C5 alkyl group, RB is a hydrogen atom or a —CH3 alkyl group and n is an integer comprised between 2000 and 40000, preferably between 4000 and 35000, more preferably between 11500 and 30000, and -optionally, at least one inorganic filler [filler (I)]; thereby providing a dense film having a thickness of from 5 ?m to 30 ?m. The present invention also pertains to the dense film provided by this process and to the use of the dense film as dense separator in electrochemical devices.

Abstract: Provided area perfluoroelastomer composition containing a perfluoroelastomer and a compound having a perylene skeleton, in which the compound having a perylene skeleton is a compound other than perylene and 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide; and a sealing material containing a crosslinked product of the perfluoroelastomer composition.

Abstract: A composite polymer composition comprising the emulsion polymerization product of: (i) an aqueous dispersion comprising the melt kneading product of one or more polyolefins, from 2 to 25 wt % of one or more dispersion stabilizing agents, water and optionally a neutralizing agent, and (ii) one or more (meth)acrylic monomers; wherein the one or more polyolefins have a Tg equal to or less than 50° C. and comprise from 0.5 to 100 wt % functionalized polyolefin; and wherein the melt kneading product (i) comprises polymer particles having a volume average particle size between 150 nm and 2000 nm dispersed in the water; and wherein the one or more (meth)acrylic monomers polymerize onto the polymer particles form composite polymer particles using an emulsion polymerization process is provided.

Abstract: A glass fiber-reinforced polyolefin resin material, containing: a glass fiber; and a thermoplastic resin, wherein said thermoplastic resin contains: at least, a specific graft-modified polypropylene, wherein, with respect to the graft-modified polypropylene, each specific amounts of the glass fiber and a compound or polymer having an acid anhydride structure are contained, and wherein, in the content of a graft-modification component in the graft-modified polypropylene, the content of a component obtained from the (meth)acrylate containing an epoxy group is 0.5 or more and 10 or less parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of said polypropylene, and a component obtained from the aromatic vinyl compound has a mass equal to or less than said component obtained from the (meth)acrylate; a composition for said resin material; a method of producing the same; and a composite.

Abstract: Nanostructures and associated compositions, systems, and methods are provided. In some embodiments, a nanostructure may comprise polymers, intermolecular bonding groups, and a particle. The polymers may be associated with the particle and the intermolecular bonding groups may be associated with at least some of the polymers. In some embodiments, at least some of the intermolecular bonding groups may have a different chemical composition and/or chemical property than the polymers. In some embodiments, nanostructures may reversibly associate with each other via the intermolecular bonding groups to form a material. In some such cases, the intermolecular bonding groups on different nanostructures may reversibly associate with each other. In some embodiments, the nanostructures may be designed, such that the energy required to disassociate at least a portion of the nanostructures in the material is greater than the energy required to dissociate a single association between intermolecular bonding groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is a modifier that is blended with a polyolefin to obtain a molded body and methods for using the same and for producing the modifier. The modifier includes a continuous phase (A) containing a second polyolefin resin and a dispersed phase (B) containing a polyamide resin and a modified elastomer and composed of a melt-kneaded product of the polyamide resin and the modified elastomer, the modified elastomer is an elastomer having a reactive group that reacts with the polyamide resin, the elastomer is an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer having, as a skeleton, a copolymer of ethylene or propylene and an ?-olefin having 3-8 carbon atoms or a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer having a styrene skeleton, and when a total of the continuous phase (A) and the dispersed phase (B) is taken as 100% by mass, a content of the dispersed phase (B) is 80% by mass or less.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a functionalized elastomer comprising the reaction product of a living anionic elastomeric polymer and a polymerization terminator of formula I where X is Cl, Br, or I; m is an integer from 0 to 2, n is an integer from 1 to 3, with the proviso that n+m=3; R1, R2 are independently C1 to C18 alkyl, aryl, or a combination thereof, or R1, R2 are independently —SiR3 where R is independently alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or disubstituted amino, or R1 and R2 taken together with their common nitrogen atom and optionally a sulfur or oxygen heteroatom to form a five to eight membered ring; R3 is hydrogen, or C1 to C18 alkyl, aryl, or a combination thereof, or R3 is —SiR3 where R is independently alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or disubstituted amino, or R3 is —R6—R7, where R6 is C1 to C3 alkanediyl and R7 is selected from the following structures —S—Z, —N(R8)(R9), —O(Y), or Si(OR10)3, where R8 and R9 are independently C1 to C18 alkyl, aryl, or a combination thereof, Y and Z are independently s

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polylactic acid resin composition and a molded product using same. Since the polylactic acid resin composition according to the present invention has excellent environmental friendliness and biodegradability, has excellent heat resistance characteristics due to high heat deformation temperature (HDT), and may be injection molded within a commercially reasonable cycle time due to high crystallinity and crystallization rate, it is suitable for the preparation of a molded product.

Abstract: Thermoplastic compositions include: (a) a thermoplastic polymer including a polycarbonate component; (b) a poly(carbonate-siloxane) copolymer; and (c) from 4 wt % to 25 wt % carbon black. The composition has a total siloxane content of from 2 wt % to 14 wt %. The thermoplastic compositions exhibit improved physical properties as compared to compositions that do not include the poly(carbonate-siloxane) copolymer, including volume resistivity, melt viscosity, impact strength, puncture impact energy and surface resistivity.

Abstract: A polymer composition comprising at least one polyaryletherketone, at least one polyarylene sulfide, and a plurality of reinforcing fibers is provided. The composition has a melt viscosity of about 250 Pa-s or less as determined in accordance with ISO Test No. 11443:2005 at a shear rate of 1,000 seconds?1 and temperature of about 380° C.

Abstract: Provided is an oil gel comprising a chain polyurethane (A) and a paraffin based oil (B), wherein the chain polyurethane (A) is a chain polyurethane (A1) formed by polymerization of a chain diol (x) and a diisocyanate (y), and the paraffin based oil (B) is a paraffin based oil (B1) having a kinetic viscosity at 40° C. of 20 mm2/s or more and 100 mm2/s or less, and the chain polyurethane (A1) is included at a proportion of 10% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less based on the total amount of the chain polyurethane (A1) and the paraffin based oil (B1). Also provided is a pressure proof material for protecting an electronic device.

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing resin composition comprises a first phosphorus-containing compound, a second phosphorus-containing compound and a maleimide resin; wherein the first phosphorus-containing compound comprises a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II), or a combination thereof, and wherein the second phosphorus-containing compound is different from the first phosphorus-containing compound, and the second phosphorus-containing compound is absent of a group capable of reacting with the maleimide resin.

Abstract: A thermally conductive polysiloxane composition includes (A) a thermally conductive filler, and (B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alkoxysilyl group-containing compound and a dimethylpolysiloxane. The component (A) includes at least two thermally conductive fillers having different average particle diameters, and (A-1) indefinite-shaped aluminum nitride particles having an average particle diameter of 30 ?m to 150 ?m in an amount of at least 20% by mass, based on the mass of a total of the component (A).

Abstract: The attenuation material composition disclosed in the present disclosure comprises a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, an epoxy resin, a first curing agent and a second curing agent, wherein the first curing agent comprises ethyl orthosilicate and dibutyltin oxide; and the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the epoxy resin is (0.1-1):1.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to aqueous compositions with wax and graphene. These compositions offer surprising benefits in reducing bicycle or motorbike chain lengthening, particularly in off road environments with high dirt and water levels such as during mountain biking or off-road biking. The invention is further directed to a method of preparing such compositions and to the use of such compositions on bicycle or motorbike chains.

Abstract: Provided are a film having excellent heat resistance and a film forming method. In addition, provided are an optical filter, a laminate, a solid image pickup element, an image display device, and an infrared sensor. The film includes an aggregate of a dye and a resin, in which an average particle size of the aggregate of the dye is 30 to 450 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite white pigment having mixed together white pigments having different colorimeter values from each other by comprising substrates having various sizes and/or TiO2 having various thicknesses. The composite white pigment, according to the present invention, comprises: a first white pigment comprising a substrate and a white metal oxide layer formed on the substrate; and a second white pigment comprising a substrate and a white metal oxide layer formed on the substrate, and having a different colorimeter value from that of the first white pigment.

Abstract: An article includes at least one layer including a transparent portion and at least one metal portion; and a color-rendering layer; wherein the at least one metal portion is positioned in the article to provide reflection of incident light; and wherein the transparent portion is dimensioned to allow at least some incident light to pass through. A method of making an article is also disclosed.

Abstract: A LiDAR reflecting dark colored pigment includes a core layer formed from a reflecting material and a first layer formed from a first absorber material or a first dielectric material extending across the core layer. A second layer formed from a second absorber material different than the third absorber material extends across the first layer and a third layer formed from a third absorber material or a second dielectric material extends across the second layer. The third absorber material is different than the second absorber material. The LiDAR reflecting dark colored pigment reflects less than 10% of incident visible electromagnetic radiation and more than 60% of incident near-IR electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between and including 850 nm and 950 nm for all incident angles of the visible and near-IR electromagnetic radiation between and including 0° and 45°. A color reflected by the multilayer stack has a lightness in CIELAB color space less than or equal to 40.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a durable super-hydrophobic manganese dioxide coating and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of metallic material surface treatment. In the method, by using manganese sulfate as a raw material, based on the property of interface reaction, a manganese dioxide coating is synthesized on the metallic material surface by simple and convenient solution impregnation, and then processed by hydrophobization with stearic acid to obtain a super-hydrophobic manganese dioxide coating. This coating has excellent chemical stability to organic solvents such as n-hexane, isooctane, dodecane, tetradecane, and acids, alkali and salt solutions at different pH values, and exhibits great resistance against dynamic water shear and good durability, with broad application prospect.

Abstract: A photocurable hardcoat composition includes certain red-shifted ultraviolet light absorbers (UVA) that include a combination of a-hydroxy ketone and bisacylphosphine oxide photoinitiators.

Abstract: A fluorenylaminoketone photoinitiator, a preparation method thereof, and a UV photocurable composition containing same. The photoinitiator has a compound having a structure as shown in general formula (I) or a derivative compound thereof. The fluorenylaminoketone photoinitiator may effectively improve the solubility of traditional photoinitiators and reduce the use of micromolecular active diluents, and may also have high sensitivity and good deep-layer curing. It has very good promotion effect on popularization and application of photocurable compositions, particularly colored ink systems, in the field of photocuring. A UV photocurable composition containing such a fluorenylaminoketone photoinitiator can have an advantage in terms of high sensitivity, no residue after development, good pattern integrity, no or little odor of coating layers after curing, or excellent yellowing resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds containing fluorinated end groups and to the use thereof in, for example, dirt-repellent coatings.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a strategy to create self-healing, slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces. Roughened (e.g., porous) surfaces can be utilized to lock in place a lubricating fluid, referred to herein as Liquid B to repel a wide range of materials, referred to herein as Object A (Solid A or Liquid A). Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces outperforms other conventional surfaces in its capability to repel various simple and complex liquids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil and blood), maintain low-contact-angle hysteresis (<2.5°), quickly restore liquid-repellency after physical damage (within 0.1-1 s), resist ice, microorganisms and insects adhesion, and function at high pressures (up to at least 690 atm). Some exemplary application where slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces will be useful include energy-efficient fluid handling and transportation, optical sensing, medicine, and as self-cleaning, and anti-fouling materials operating in extreme environments.

Abstract: A solar reflective coating composition includes: a film-forming resin; a plurality of near-IR transparent pigments dispersed in the film-forming resin, the plurality of near-IR transparent pigments including a first perylene pigment and a second perylene pigment different from the first perylene pigment; and a near-IR reflective pigment dispersed in the film-forming resin, the near-IR reflective pigment different from the first perylene pigment and the second perylene pigment. When formed into a cured coating over a substrate, the cured coating exhibits an off-white or grey color. The solar reflective coating composition is substantially free of carbon black. The present invention is also directed to a substrate having a surface at least partially coated with a solar reflective coating composition and a method of preparing a low weight aerospace component.

Abstract: We describe a new approach to fabricate polymeric materials with surface structures for applications as anti-reflective, anti-icing, superhydrophobic, superhydrophilic, de-wetting, and self-cleaning coatings. In some variations, a surface-textured layer comprises first microdomains and second microdomains each containing polymerized cross-linkable photomonomer, where the first microdomains have a higher average cross-link density than that of the second microdomains. The first microdomains and the second microdomains are in a peak-valley surface topology, providing surface texture with no filler particles.

Abstract: A low-specular-reflectance surface, includes a coating on a surface, wherein the coating includes a plurality of substantially spherical particles having a multimodal particle size distribution, wherein the particles protrude from a top surface of the coating to provide substantially spherical caps. The multimodal particle size distribution has two or more modes, each mode having a peak defining an associated mode particle size, wherein the distribution function includes a first mode having a first peak corresponding to a first particle size and a second mode having a second peak corresponding to a second particle size. A ratio of the second particle size to the first particle size is between 1.7-4.0. A smallest of the mode particle sizes is greater than or equal to 1.0 microns, and a largest of the mode particle sizes is greater than or equal to 3.0 microns.

Abstract: A mar and scratch resistant additive that possesses multifunctional and other characteristics is described. The additive comprises a binder system platform that is easily introduced into a wide range of chemical coating platforms. The additive may also be introduced to these coatings by way of a silica carrier to simplify its use.

Abstract: A composition is provided comprising (a) a polysilazane having a monovalent hydrocarbon group, (b) untreated metal oxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles having a monovalent hydrocarbon group, or metal oxide nanoparticles having an alkylsilyl or alkoxysilyl group, and (c) an aprotic solvent. The composition has storage stability and is suitable for forming a film having water repellent, especially superhydrophobic properties.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides supercapacitors that may avoid the shortcomings of current energy storage technology. Provided herein are electrochemical systems, comprising three dimensional porous reduced graphene oxide film electrodes. Prototype supercapacitors disclosed herein may exhibit improved performance compared to commercial supercapacitors. Additionally, the present disclosure provides a simple, yet versatile technique for the fabrication of supercapacitors through the direct preparation of three dimensional porous reduced graphene oxide films by filtration and freeze casting.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a coating material which has high mechanical stability and is capable of providing a coat which has excellent appearance and exhibits excellent damping properties in a wide temperature range. The present invention relates to a damping-imparting agent including a compound having a sulfosuccinic acid (salt) structure. The present invention also relates to a resin composition for damping materials, including an emulsion prepared by polymerizing a monomer component, the composition further including a component having a sulfosuccinic acid (salt) structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photocurable ink composition for ink jet recording with excellent curability. The photocurable ink composition for ink jet recording includes polymerizable compounds, a photopolymerization initiator, and a colorant, wherein the polymerizable compounds include a vinyl ether group-containing (meth)acrylate represented by general formula (I): CH2?CR1—COOR2—O—CH?CH—R3??(I) (wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 is a divalent organic residue having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and R3 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic residue having 1 to 11 carbon atoms) and phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate.

Abstract: Provided is a more versatile black marker composition which achieves excellent adhesion between a mark and an electronic component element body and excellent contrast of a mark regardless of the composition of the electronic component element body, the black marker composition containing borosilicate glass and a black oxide, in which a crystallization temperature of the borosilicate glass is less than 910° C., and an amount of Zn in terms of ZnO is 0.05% by mass or less based on 100% by mass of an inorganic solid content in terms of an oxide contained in the black marker composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ultraviolet curable and infrared permeable ink composition for an inkjet, having enhanced high temperature resistance, which exhibits constant infrared transmissivity, surface hardness, and the like by preventing the discoloration and the deformation thereof even if a high temperature-heat treatment is performed during curing, drying, and the like.

Abstract: Low temperature processes for converting mixtures of metal inks into alloys. The alloys can be dealloyed by etching. A method comprising: depositing at least one precursor composition on at least one substrate to form at least one deposited structure, wherein the precursor composition comprises at least two metal complexes, including at least one first metal complex comprising at least one first metal and at least one second metal complex different from the first metal complex and comprising at least one second metal different from the first metal, treating the deposited structure so that the first metal and the second metal become elemental forms of the first metal and the second metal in a treated structure. Further, one can remove at least some of the first metal to leave a nanoporous material comprising at least the second metal. Precursor compositions can be formulated to be homogeneous compositions.