Abstract: A production method for water-atomized metal powder includes: in a region in which the average temperature of a molten metal stream having an Fe concentration of 76.0 at % or more and less than 82.9 at % is 100° C. or more higher than the melting point, spraying primary cooling water at a convergence angle of 10° to 25°, where the convergence angle is an angle between an impact direction on the molten metal stream from one direction and an impact direction on the molten metal stream from any other direction; and in a region in which 0.0004 seconds or more have passed after an impact of the primary cooling water and the average temperature of metal powder is the melting point or higher and (the melting point+100° C.) or lower, spraying secondary cooling water on the metal powder under conditions of an impact pressure of 10 MPa or more.

Abstract: A production method for water-atomized metal powder includes: in a region in which the average temperature of a molten metal stream is higher than the melting point by 100° C. or more, spraying primary cooling water from a plurality of directions at a convergence angle of 10° to 25°, where the convergence angle is an angle between an impact direction on the molten metal stream of the primary cooling water from one direction and an impact direction on the molten metal stream of the primary cooling water from any other direction; and in a region in which 0.0004 seconds or more have passed after an impact of the primary cooling water and the average temperature of metal powder is the melting point or higher and (the melting point+50° C.) or lower, spraying secondary cooling water on the metal powder under conditions of an impact pressure of 10 MPa or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of metal alloy nanoparticles which catalyse the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) or electrolyser cells. In particular, the present invention relates to a process for producing alloy nanoparticles from platinum group metals and other metals under reductive conditions. In particular the present invention relates to a process for producing alloy nanoparticles comprising the steps of mixing a salt of at least one metal, a material comprising a platinum group metal, a nitrogen-rich compound, and optionally a support material, to provide a precursor mixture, and heating said precursor mixture to a temperature of at least 400° C., in the presence of a gas comprising hydrogen (H2), to provide said alloy nanoparticles.

Abstract: A forming apparatus capable of producing an inorganic material-containing formed body having improved quality, and a method of making the same is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the forming apparatus includes a stage, a supply unit having a first supply unit and a second supply unit, where the first supply unit is configured to intermittently or continuously supply a first composition containing an inorganic material to a stage, where the second supply unit is configured to intermittently or continuously supply a second composition containing a support material configured to support the first composition to the stage, an immobilization unit configured to immobilize the second composition on the stage, a heating unit configured to apply heat to the first composition on the stage, and a control unit configured to control the first supply unit and the heating unit to repeat supply and heating of the first composition.

Abstract: Methods and alloy systems for non-Be BMG matrix composite materials that can be used to additively manufacturing parts with superior mechanical properties, especially high toughness and strength, are provided. Alloys are directed to BMGMC materials comprising a high strength BMG matrix reinforced with properly scaled, soft, crystalline metal dendrite inclusions dispersed throughout the matrix in a sufficient concentration to resist fracture.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods and devices for producing three-dimensional components by selective solidification from build material applied in layered fashion by providing a building cylinder in which substrate plates are stacked one above the other, applying the build material to the uppermost substrate plate with an application device, generating at least one beam and directing the beam onto the applied layer of the build material, moving the application device along a working plane at least along the building cylinder and at least one collecting chamber for non-solidified build material, and moving the substrate plate out in relation to the building cylinder such that a bottom of the substrate plate lies in the working plane, wherein the substrate plate which has been moved out of the building cylinder is transferred by the application device from the building cylinder into the adjacent collecting chamber.

Abstract: To maintain the strength of a molded object and to improve the accuracy of the shape thereof. In an additive manufacturing method, a molded object is molded from a material by using an additive manufacturing apparatus 1 including a plurality of light-beam emission units. The additive manufacturing method includes determining a light-beam emission unit for emitting a light beam to at least a part of the molded object from among the plurality of light-beam emission units according to an angle of the part of the molded object with respect to a laminating direction thereof, and emitting the light beam to the part of the molded object from the determined light-beam emission unit.

Abstract: An improved additive manufacturing system for manufacturing metal parts by magnetohydrodynamic printing liquid metal. A monitoring system including at least one camera capturing light reflected from a strobe light source. Images of the droplets are captured during their jetting and analyzed to determine whether the jetting performance is meeting specifications. A nozzle of the system has a nozzle bottom and a nozzle stem extending outward therefrom on which a meniscus of liquid metal can form. The nozzle is cleaned by bringing a ceramic rod in the vicinity of the nozzle and jetting a bead of metal which is rotated against the nozzle to remove an amount of dross.

Abstract: The present invention accurately detects the state of a radiated light beam. According to the present invention, a calibration unit for a metal 3D printer that radiates a light beam at a powder to mold a built part has: a base part that is attached to a stage that is irradiated with the light beam from the metal 3D printer; and a plurality of attachment parts that are provided to the base part at different locations and have detection devices that detect the light beam attached thereto. The attachment parts are provided at different angles such that the detection directions of the detection devices attached thereto are different.

Abstract: This invention teaches a quality assurance system for additive manufacturing. This invention teaches a multi-sensor, real-time quality system including sensors, affiliated hardware, and data processing algorithms that are Lagrangian-Eulerian with respect to the reference frames of its associated input measurements. The quality system for Additive Manufacturing is capable of measuring true in-process state variables associated with an additive manufacturing process, i.e. those in-process variables that define a feasible process space within which the process is deemed nominal. The in-process state variables can also be correlated to the part structure or microstructure and can then be useful in identifying particular locations within the part likely to include defects.

Abstract: A method for the additive manufacturing of a component, in which method the component is configured layer-by-layer from a base material which is solidified at least in regions in each layer, the method includes introducing at least one cooling gas flow for cooling at least the region to be solidified by way of at least one cooling medium nozzle into a carrier gas flow so as to form a cooling gas flow, wherein the cooling medium is present so as to be liquid and/or gaseous, wherein the cooling gas flow is guided through a de Laval nozzle, wherein the cooling medium flow is introduced such that the outflow of the cooling medium flow into the carrier gas flow takes place within or downstream of the de Laval nozzle, and the cooling gas flow is directed onto the component.

Abstract: There is provided an additive manufacturing device including a control device of controlling a relative posture of a heat retaining light beam irradiation device to a melting light beam irradiation device, in a state where a heat retaining light irradiation range of a heat retaining light beam larger than a melting light irradiation range of a melting light beam is overlapped with the melting light irradiation range, and such that a size of the heat retaining light irradiation range is changeable with respect to a size of the melting light irradiation range.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for remelting material powder in layers to form a shaped body in a process chamber. The apparatus has a carrier for the layer build-up and an irradiation device for irradiating the powder in accordance with cross-sectional regions of the shaped body associated with the shaped body layers to be produced. A powder layer levelling and smoothing device having a smoothing slide for homogenising an amount of material powder on the carrier is provided, as well as an extraction device having a suction nozzle for extracting process smoke. The suction nozzle is movable in motor-driven fashion in the process chamber. Said suction nozzle is coupled to the smoothing slide for joint movement and is operable in suction mode during the joint movement, the irradiation device being active for irradiating the powder.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing method supporting layer by layer testing includes a layer test including generating a hammer beam using laser light having a first wavelength, generating a read-out beam using laser light having a second wavelength, directing the generated hammer beam toward a first layer on a part to provide an acoustic hammer pulse that induces surface movement of the part, and reading the surface movement of the part using the read-out beam directed to a second position on the part. Layers can be added and the layer test repeated.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes: a substrate; a hard layer provided on the substrate; and a titanium carbonitride layer provided on the hard layer, wherein a thickness of the titanium carbonitride layer is more than or equal to 2 ?m, a hardness of the titanium carbonitride layer at a room temperature is more than or equal to 35 GPa, and a Young's modulus of the titanium carbonitride layer at the room temperature is more than or equal to 800 GPa.

Abstract: A fixing device for fixing a boring bar on a material-removing machine includes a reducing sleeve with a hollow profile arranged on a front face which faces away from a machine chuck. The boring bar is received in the interior of the hollow profile. An end region of the boring bar projects from the hollow profile and carries a cutting tool. The hollow profile has a wall arranged between a hallow profile interior and a hollow profile outer wall. The wall has a lateral region where the cutting tool projects from the boring bar, a first thickness in the lateral region, and a second thickness outside the lateral region. The first thickness is less than the second thickness. A longitudinal axis of the hollow profile is parallel to and at a distance from the axis of the reducing sleeve which is coaxial with the interior of the boring bar.

Abstract: A shrink-clamping cooling device at least for an, in particular contour-independent, tempering of tool holders and/or tools, which were in particular heated previously, with at least one cooling container, which forms a receiving space for receiving at least one tool unit comprising a tool holder and a tool, and with at least one climate-control apparatus, which is configured for essentially tempering, preferably actively cooling, a cooling gas or cooling gas mixture, in particular cooling air, which is contained in the receiving space of the cooling container, and/or a cooling gas or cooling gas mixture, in particular cooling air, fed to the receiving space of the cooling container, for the purpose of cooling the tool unit.

Abstract: A chuck-claw guide structure includes a guide-space delimiting part that delimits a guide space in communication with an attachment groove, and a regulation part provided on the guide-space delimiting part. The guide-space delimiting part has a contact surface configured to regulate the claw in contact therewith at a position along the attachment groove in a first direction. The regulation part is configured to regulate the claw at a position along the attachment groove in a second direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: Tooling fixture includes an installation mount, a rail fixed to the installation mount and a pair of movable jaws which can be clamped or loosened relative to each other and are fixed on the rail. A clamping drive structure for clamping the movable jaws is connected to the movable jaws. The clamping drive mechanism includes a screw and a screw nut matched with the screw. The movable jaws are connected with the screw nut respectively. The screw is rotated, and the movable jaws move relatively to clamp or loosen the work piece. By the cooperation of the screw and the nut, the movable jaws slide on the rail to effectively clamp the work piece. In addition, the number of movable jaws can be set on demand so that they are matched with the screw and the screw nut.

Abstract: A chuck-claw coupling mechanism includes a coupling member provided in a master jaw, a first resilient member, and an operation unit. The coupling member is movable between a coupling position at which the coupling member is coupled to the claw, and a separation position at which the coupling member is separated from the claw. The first resilient member urges the coupling member toward the coupling position. The operation unit moves the coupling member to the separation position.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a pressed cutting tool comprising a variable core diameter, a mold and a method for producing the cutting tool by pressing. Said cutting tool preferably comprises a shaft and a part comprising one or more helical flutes, wherein low points or lines in said flutes define the shape of said core. In a preferred embodiment, said core is conical. In a preferred embodiment, said cutting tool is an end mill and/or a drill.

Abstract: A cutting insert may include a first surface, a second surface and a lateral surface. The first surface may have a polygonal shape and may include a first corner, a second corner, a third corner, a first side and a second side. The lateral surface may include a first lateral surface and a second lateral surface. At least a part of the first lateral surface may be located between the first side and the second surface. At least a part of the second lateral surface may be located between the second side and the second surface. The first lateral surface may be located further outside than the first side in a front view of the first surface. The first lateral surface may include a first region located closer to the second lateral surface as coming closer to the second surface.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes a cutting insert having an anti-rotation stopping indent formed in a transition between a bottom surface and a side surface thereof and includes a first stop surface. The insert seat has at least one anti-rotation stop, which protrudes with respect to a side wall of the insert seat and includes a second stop surface. The anti-rotation stop is arranged to inhibit rotation of the cutting insert in the insert seat by contact between the first and second stop surfaces. The second stop surface is completely located within the anti-rotation stopping indent when the cutting insert is mounted. As seen in a section perpendicular to a common central axis, an angle of less than 180° is formed between a tangent to the second stop surface and a tangent to the first duct at a transition between the two.

Abstract: A circular includes a housing, a sawing assembly including a motor and a saw blade located at two opposite sides of the housing and connected together so that the saw blasé can be driven by the motor to saw the workpiece and a saw blade shield secured to the housing and covering a part of the saw blade to prevent the saw blade from cutting the surrounding people, and a prism assembly including a protective cover affixed to the front end of the saw blade shield and a prism located in the protective cover to reflect the image of the saw blade sawing the workpiece through a window of the protective cover to the line of sight of the operator. In this way, the operator can clearly confirm whether the sawing path is skewed with the normal operating posture to improve the efficiency.

Abstract: A method of indicating processing steps to be carried out on a workpiece mounted in processing machine, the method comprising a step of visualizing at the same time or sequentially a succession of individual planned processing steps to be applied to the workpiece, prior to execution of said processing steps and a processing machine comprising a processing unit, a moving table and a controller.

Abstract: A band saw blade can include a body extending in an endless ribbon, a cutting edge with cutting teeth, a back edge opposite the cutting edge, and a series of notches formed in the back edge. The notches can at least include first, second and third different notches. The notches can be arranged in a repeating pattern and each can be continuously arcuate. The notches can extend into the back edge a first depth. The notches can be separated from one another by a first distance. The notches can have respective radii of curvature and the radii of curvature can be different from one another.

Abstract: Assembly for placing solder from solder balls on a substrate, comprising a reservoir with a plurality of solder balls, an exit opening for releasing one single solder ball, a feeding channel between the reservoir and the exit opening with a feeding channel width larger than the diameter of one solder ball and smaller than the diameter of two solder balls, and a suction channel with end opening into the feeding channel which end is smaller than the diameter of one solder ball. A pressure difference is generated between the feeding channel and the suction channel and is controlled whereby pressure in the suction channel is smaller than in the feeding channel. A solder ball present in the feeding channel can be sucked to and held to the end of the suction channel at a first pressure difference to block feeding of solder balls and is released at a second pressure difference.

Abstract: A rotating arc sensor is provided. The rotating arc sensor includes a motor, a connecting rod for driving a welding gun to perform an annular movement, a sliding assembly for supporting a weight of the connecting rod and supporting a free movement of a first end of the connecting rod, and an eccentric oscillating member for driving a second end of the connecting rod to perform the annular movement, wherein a center of a rotating shaft of the motor is provided with a hollow cavity capable of communicating with both ends of the motor, the sliding assembly is disposed at a top end of the motor, and the first end of the connecting rod protrudes out of the top end of the motor through the hollow cavity and is connected with the sliding assembly. The eccentric oscillating member includes a first flange and a second flange.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an additively-manufactured object, includes: an additively-manufacturing step of building a layered body by depositing a weld bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler metal, the layered body having an opening along a forming direction of the weld bead and an internal space surrounded by the weld bead; and a closing step of forming a closing wall portion connecting an edge portion of the opening with the weld bead for closing. In the additively-manufacturing step, the opening is formed with a width dimension larger than a bead width of the weld bead, and in the closing step, the closing wall portion having a width dimension larger than the bead width is formed by the weld bead to close the opening.

Abstract: A welding method includes providing a first connector having a first end, providing a second connector having a second end for being welded to the first end, overlapping the first end and the second end, applying a contactless heating to a central section of the first end and melting an end section of the first end facing the second connector, and cooling the first end and the second end to form a weld connecting the first connector and the second connector. The first connector and the second connector extend in opposite directions from the weld.

Abstract: A device is provided with a first die, a second die and a pressing machine. The second die is provided with a plastic processing hole where a core metal is disposed on a hole center line. On the inner peripheral surface of the plastic processing hole, three projecting portions are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the hole center line. By the approach of the first and second dies to each other, the core metal is inserted into a guide hole of a contact tip, and the projecting portions plastically deform the head end side of the contact tip by pressing it until it is in contact with the core metal.

Abstract: Provided are a flash butt welding member and a flash butt welding method for providing a wheel rim weld part with excellent formability. The flash butt welding member of the present invention satisfies that a weld part has a hardness of 220-270 Hv, and d<0.25T, when d is the closest distance between fine-grained heat affected zones (HAZ) formed at the left and right of the weld part while facing each other and T is the thickness of a weld base metal, and satisfies L/T>2, when the total length of an upset part constituting the weld part is L.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a control device controls a welding device performing resistance welding. When an inspection value satisfies a first condition, the control device modifies a setting value for the resistance welding and causes the welding device to perform the resistance welding. The inspection value is obtained by an inspection of a weld zone formed by the resistance welding. The control device does not cause the welding device to perform the resistance welding when the inspection value satisfies a second condition.

Abstract: An ultrasonic welding system is provided. The ultrasonic welding system includes a support structure for supporting a workpiece. The ultrasonic welding system also includes a weld head assembly including an ultrasonic converter carrying a sonotrode. The ultrasonic welding system also includes a conductive pin supply configured to provide a plurality of conductive pins for welding using the sonotrode.

Abstract: A friction stir welding apparatus includes a probe, a shoulder, a recess part, and an annular member. The probe is pressed to a joint part of a plurality of joined members while being rotated. The shoulder is formed so as to surround the probe at an outside in a radial direction with respect to a rotation axis of the probe. The recess part is formed on at least one of an outer circumference of the probe and an inner circumference of the shoulder. The annular member is fitted to the recess part.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a multilayer syringe barrel is provided and includes: a finish cutting a remaining gate of a nozzle portion of a multilayer syringe barrel that is injection-molded from a nozzle tip, with a cutting blade of an ultrasonic cutting apparatus including a mechanism for suppressing abnormal vibration; and irradiating a laser beam to a corner portion of the nozzle portion, the corner portion being formed during the finish cutting.

Abstract: A processing system has: an irradiation optical system irradiating an object with an energy beam from a light source; an object placing apparatus on which the object is placed; a light receiving apparatus that is disposed at the object placing apparatus and that optically receives the energy beam from the irradiation optical system; and a measurement apparatus that measures at least one of the light receiving apparatus and a part that is related to the light receiving apparatus. The processing system moves the object placing apparatus to a position at which the light receiving apparatus optically receives the energy beam and moves the object placing apparatus to a position at which the measurement apparatus measures a position of the light receiving apparatus. .

Abstract: A mask manufacturing equipment includes a first stage on which a mask frame is disposed, the mask frame including cell openings arranged in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction, a transfer module that places cell masks on the mask frame to respectively overlap the cell openings of the mask frame and the cell masks, a camera module that photographs the cell masks, a first processing module that irradiates a first laser beam between a border portion corresponding to a portion of the mask frame adjacent to an N-th cell opening and a first edge area of an N-th cell mask disposed on the border portion, and a second processing module that irradiates a second laser beam to a boundary area between the first edge area and a second edge area extending from the first edge area.

Abstract: A method of laser processing a transparent workpiece includes directing a pulsed laser beam into the transparent workpiece. The pulsed laser beam includes pulse bursts having 2 sub-pulses per pulse burst or more, each pulse burst of the pulsed laser beam has a burst duration Tbd of 380 ns or greater; and the pulsed laser beam forms a pulsed laser beam focal line in the transparent workpiece, the pulsed laser beam focal line inducing absorption in the transparent workpiece, the induced absorption producing a defect in the transparent workpiece. The pulsed laser beam focal line includes a wavelength ?, a spot size wo, and a Rayleigh range ZR that is greater than F D ? ? ? w o 2 ? , where FD is a dimensionless divergence factor comprising a value of 10 or greater.

Abstract: Provided is a laser processing machine including a laser head capable of irradiating a workpiece with laser beam, a belt conveyor provided away in an irradiation direction of the laser beam, and a control unit configured to control operations of the laser head and the belt conveyor. The laser head is configured to be movable along at least a rotating direction of the belt conveyor. The control unit is configured to control, in a case where a moving direction and a moving speed of the laser head match the rotating direction and a rotating speed of the belt conveyor during the irradiation with the laser beam, the operation of at least one of the laser head and the belt conveyor in order to avoid the matching.

Abstract: A method for joining a modular hot gas component by welding and high-temperature soldering. In order to optimally join high-temperature components, a first component is plugged into pins of a second component, a soldering material is placed between the two components, and the pins of the second component are welded to the first component.

Abstract: A method for welding copper-including members includes laser-welding a first member that includes copper, and a second member that includes copper and is located adjacent to the first member. A welding surface of the first member and a welding surface of the second member are melted by moving an irradiation position of a laser to turn in a spiral shape while approaching a center of the spiral when irradiating the laser on the welding surface of the first member and the welding surface of the second member.

Abstract: Processes, devices, and systems for beam processing of plate-shaped or tubular workpieces are provided. The processes include: a) carrying out at least one cutting procedure for producing a cutting gap along a cutting line that extends at least partially along a contour of a workpiece part to be produced from the workpiece, and b) carrying out at least one finishing procedure for finishing the workpiece along at least one part of the cutting gap, during which the workpiece part is not completely cut out. The cutting procedure includes moving a beam head for guiding a processing beam above the workpiece along the cutting line from a first cutting position to a second cutting position. The finishing procedure includes moving the beam head over the workpiece, and the processing beam is guided along a finishing line from a first finishing position to a second finishing position.

Abstract: A method of processing a metal-ceramic substrate (1), comprising: processing the metal-ceramic substrate (1) by irradiating the metal-ceramic substrate (1) with laser light, in particular for forming a predetermined breaking point (5); wherein a surface topography of the metal-ceramic substrate (1) is measured at least in regions in a first measuring step preceding the irradiation and/or in a second measuring step following the irradiation.

Abstract: A method for laser engraving a three-dimensional pattern into a surface of a workpiece, the method comprising: positioning a laser-engraving head to engrave a first engraving region of the workpiece; and applying a first plurality of laser pulses to a set of first predetermined locations within the first engraving region, wherein the first set of predetermined locations within the first engraving region is based on a probability distribution function that corresponds to a portion of the three-dimensional pattern that is associated with the first engraving region.

Abstract: An etching apparatus includes an etching unit including a laser oscillator configured to oscillate a laser beam for selectively etching a predetermined target etch layer included in a processing target having a multilayered structure, and a laser nozzle configured to selectively etch the target etch layer by irradiating the target etch layer with the laser beam, and a washing unit including a washing nozzle configured to remove a foreign substance attached to an etch surface of the target etch layer by spraying a washing material to the etch surface.

Abstract: An edge position detecting apparatus for detecting a position of an edge of a disk-shaped workpiece includes a chuck table having a holding surface for holding the workpiece thereon, a laser displacement gage having a laser applying unit including a light source, for applying a linear laser beam shaped into a linear shape perpendicular to a direction of travel from the light source toward the holding surface, across the edge of the workpiece, and a beam detecting unit including a plurality of photoelectric transducers arrayed at predetermined spaced intervals along a direction for detecting a reflection of the linear laser beam, a moving mechanism for moving the laser displacement gage and the chuck table relatively to each other along the longitudinal direction, and a calculating unit for calculating the position of the edge on the basis of information of a change in an amount of the detected reflection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition based on yttrium oxide, on a cerium-based compound and on an organic compound and its use in the field of welding as stop-off product. The composition comprises, in an aqueous medium: yttrium oxide particles; particles of a cerium-based compound: which is cerium oxide; or which is prepared by the process consisting in causing a colloidal dispersion D, which is obtained by the neutralization of an aqueous cerium nitrate solution by a basic aqueous solution, to undergo heating; an organic compound chosen from the group formed by polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy brazing sheet is formed of a brazing material, an intermediate material, a core material, and a brazing material. The intermediate material contains Mg of 0.40 to 6.00 mass %, and has total of contents of Mn, Cr, and Zr being 0.10 mass % or more. The core material contains Mg of 0.20 to 2.00 mass % and one or two or more of Mn of 1.80 mass % or less, Si of 1.50 mass % or less, Fe of 1.00 mass % or less, Cu of 1.20 mass % or less, Ti of 0.30 mass % or less, Zr of 0.30 mass % or less, and Cr of 0.30 mass % or less. Each of the core material and the intermediate material has a grain size of 20 to 300 ?m, and each of the brazing materials contain Si of 4.00 to 13.00 mass %.

Abstract: An orbital welding device (1), having a welding current source (10) in a welding current source housing (11) and an orbital welding head (20), which is separate from the welding current source housing (11) and is connected to the welding current source (10) by a cable (2), the orbital welding head (20) having a pipe mount (21) and a welding electrode holder (22) for holding a welding electrode (23). An electric motor (31) is designed to drive the welding electrode holder (22) and thus turn it with respect to the pipe mount (21). The orbital welding head (20) has a chamber (50) for shielding gas. An optical oxygen sensor (40) is designed to measure an oxygen concentration in a measuring region (51) in the chamber (50). The oxygen sensor (40) is arranged outside the chamber (50) and is optically coupled to the measuring region (51) by an optical coupling.