Abstract: In one aspect, apparatuses for providing chemical gradients are described herein. In some embodiments, an apparatus described herein comprises a conduit having a first end and a second end, one or more microchannels disposed in the conduit and extending from the first end toward the second end, and a fiber coiled around the exterior of at least one microchannel, wherein the fiber comprises an active agent that is operable to diffuse into the interior of the microchannel.

Abstract: The method of making an implant consists on coating of a supporting structure (1) with synthetic hydroxyapatite by immersing the supporting structure (1) in a suspension (3) and triggering of a cavitation in a portion of the suspension (3) being in contact with the supporting structure (1). The suspension (3) is formed by a liquid external phase, advantageously water, and internal phase, i.e. particles of synthetic hydroxyapatite having an average particle size not exceeding 100 nm and containing structural water in an amount from 2 to 6% by weight. The implant is coated with the above described hydroxyapatite subjected to cavitation and a thickness of 50 nm to 1000 nm, advantageously 50 nm to 300 nm.

Abstract: A method for cartilage tissue engineering including fabricating a nanocomposite, injecting the nanocomposite into a defect site of cartilage, and forming a hydrogel in the defect site of the cartilage using a sol-gel transition responsive to increasing temperature of the nanocomposite from room temperature to 37° C. Fabricating a nanocomposite includes forming an activated copolymer by functionalizing a copolymer, forming a conjugated copolymer by grafting the activated copolymer to a polysaccharide, forming a protein-conjugated copolymer by crosslinking a protein with the conjugated copolymer, forming the nanocomposite by adding a plurality of nanoparticles to the protein-conjugated copolymer.

Abstract: Medical devices with a hydrogel layer covalently attached to a portion of the outer surface of the medical device are provided along with methods for applying the coating. The hydrogel layer can include a first polymer species comprising polyethylene glycol (PEG) and a second polymer species. Examples of the second polymer species include PEG and polyacrylamide (PAM). The first and second species can be at least partially cross-linked. Methods for forming the hydrogel coatings on the medical devices are provided including nucleophilic conjugate reactions, such as Click reactions.

Abstract: The invention is a wearable breast pump system including a housing shaped at least in part to fit inside a bra and a piezo air-pump. The piezo air-pump is fitted in the housing and forms part of a closed loop system that drives a separate, deformable diaphragm to generate negative air pressure. The diaphragm is removably mounted on a breast shield.

Abstract: Apparatuses for collecting breast milk are described herein. The apparatuses include a body having a front side and a rear side opposed to the front side, the body defining a cavity and the rear side defining an opening shaped for receiving a portion of a user's breast. The cavity has an upper region for receiving the portion of the user's breast and a lower region for collecting the breast milk. The opening is positioned adjacent to the upper region of the cavity. The apparatuses may include a suction generating device for modulating the negative pressure in the cavity when the apparatus is pressed against the user's breast.

Abstract: A renal therapy system is disclosed. In an example, a renal therapy system includes a dialysis fluid pump, a control processor for controlling a treatment performed by the dialysis fluid pump, and a user interface device in operable communication with the control processor.

Abstract: Dialysis machines comprising a feed arrangement (170) to supply a dialysis fluid to a dialyzer (150) during dialysis treatment and a return arrangement (171) to remove the dialysis fluid from the dialyzer during dialysis treatment and forward it to an exit (129); a feed recirculation circuit (172) to allow a fluid of the feed arrangement to be re-circulated in a fluid loop path comprising, at least a portion of, the feed arrangement and the feed recirculation circuit and a return recirculation circuit (173) to allow a fluid of the return arrangement to re-circulate in an auxiliary fluid loop path comprising, at least a portion of, the return arrangement and the return recirculation circuit. A controller (160) configured to perform disinfection by re-circulating a disinfectant and/or a heated fluid through said fluid loop path and/or through said auxiliary fluid loop path.

Abstract: A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a dialyzer, a closed loop blood flow path which transports blood from a patient to the dialyzer and back to the patient, and a closed loop dialysate flow path which transports dialysate through the dialyzer. In addition, the hemodialysis system includes two reservoirs which can be alternately placed in the dialysis flow path using various controllable fluid valves. The hemodialysis system may include a sorbent filter in the dialysate flow path which filters used dialysate. Alternatively, the filter may be positioned within a separate closed loop filter flow path which is isolated from the blood flow path and dialysate flow path. For this embodiment, the hemodialysis system includes additional controllable fluid valves which selectively connect the filter flow path to the reservoir which is not currently providing dialysis treatment to a patient.

Abstract: A sorbent canister utilized when performing a dialysis treatment during hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) is provided. The sorbent canister includes inlet and outlet ports that include a threaded interface for connection to inlet and outlet tubes for circulation of dialysate through the sorbent canister. Upon disconnection from a dialysis machine, a pressure relief cap can be threaded onto the threaded interface to seal the fluid in the sorbent canister while allowing for off-gases to be expelled when a pressure within the sorbent canister exceeds a threshold pressure, thereby preventing a rupture in the canister body. In one embodiment, the pressure relief cap includes a deformable insert with a hole formed therein that is closed in an uncompressed state and opened in a compressed state. In another embodiment, the pressure relief cap includes a diaphragm that mates with a feature of the inlet or outlet port.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oxygenator with a housing wall, defining a housing chamber with a blood inlet and a blood outlet, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and also with a heating element which is arranged in the oxygenator between the blood inlet and blood outlet in order to control the temperature of the blood flowing through the housing chamber. The oxygenator also comprises an electric connection and the heating element has an electric resistor which is designed as a wire. The invention also relates to a method for controlling the heat emission at the heating element of an oxygenator by measuring the flow of blood through the oxygenator and the power of a pump influencing the flow, with the heating power being adjusted in accordance therewith.

Abstract: A hydrophobic filter for filtering an airflow or another gaseous flow in a medical application has a housing encompassing a filter chamber, an inlet port arranged on the housing and forming an inlet opening, an outlet port arranged on the housing and forming an outlet opening, and a hydrophobic structure extending along a plane of extension and separating the filter chamber into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber. The inlet opening opens into the inlet chamber and the outlet opening opens into the outlet chamber. Herein, the outlet opening opens into the outlet chamber at a first location when viewed along the plane of extension and the inlet opening opens into the inlet chamber at a second location different from the first location when viewed along the plane of extension.

Abstract: A percutaneous catheter provides an adjustable diameter in order to reduce pressure loss, maintain a required flow, and avoid increasing a load to the patient. A catheter tube is formed of braided wires in an intersecting manner and extends in an axial direction. A distal tip is affixed to a distal side of the catheter tube and is configured to engaged a distal end of a dilator. The catheter tube includes a non-coated portion on a proximal side of the distal tip and a coated portion embedded in a resin material. An inner diameter of the non-coated portion is larger than an outer diameter of the dilator. When the dilator is fully inserted through the percutaneous catheter, the non-coated portion expands in the axial direction, reducing its in inner diameter so that an inner surface of the non-coated portion comes into tight contact with an outer surface of the dilator.

Abstract: The invention relates to restricting flow through a vascular access site such as an arteriovenous (AV) fistula or a graft using intravascular measurements to guide the procedure. The invention provides systems and methods for using intravascular detection to guide the restriction of flow through an AV fistula or graft. An intravascular instrument such as an imaging catheter or guidewire with measuring capabilities is inserted into a vessel proximal to an access site and used to evaluate the access site, which is banded to obtain healthy flow as indicated by the intravascular instrument. In certain aspects, the invention provides a method for improving a hemodialysis fistula or graft by inserting an intravascular instrument into a vessel proximal to the fistula or graft, making a measurement with the intravascular instrument, and restricting flow through the fistula or graft until the measurement obtains a predetermined value.

Abstract: A catheter for vascular insertion, including a catheter body defining a first lumen and a second lumen, and including a distal region. The distal region may include a first distal opening in fluid communication with the first lumen, and a second distal opening in fluid communication with the second lumen. The distal region may also include a first lateral opening defined by the catheter body and in fluid communication with the first lumen, and a second lateral opening defined by the catheter body and in fluid communication with the second lumen. One or both of the first and second lateral openings may be defined by an angle cross-cut through an outer perimeter of the catheter body.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices and methods of use of that device that assists in the clearing of the airway of a patient and where the device is portable and able to be used with a single hand.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for an anti-reflux nasal aspirator that includes a nozzle comprising a nozzle outlet, a bulb configured to provide suction at the nozzle outlet in response to a squeezing force applied to the bulb, an anti-reflux coupler positioned between the bulb and the nozzle through which air passes from the bulb to the nozzle, and a one-way air valve positioned in an aperture located at a base of the bulb. The anti-reflux coupler may include a check valve configured to prevent reflux of debris into the bulb. The check valve may include one of an umbrella valve; a duckbill valve; a slit-cutting valve; and a flapper valve.

Abstract: A Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) dressing having a sealing layer on a non-wound interfacing surface. Such a sealed surface eases application and reduces the risk of a loss of seal once applied to a patient. Associated adaptors and couplers, which may be universal couplers, allow for simplified use of the disclosed and existing dressings. An optional pressure regulator unit may use existing wall suction available in medical facilities; it may interface with a transportation unit. Embodiments of the regulation unit provide for various monitoring, operation and alarming features that may be accessed using mobile wireless, wireless LAN, and internet based connectivity approaches.

Abstract: Example apparatuses and systems are disclosed for providing controlled delivery of electrolysis products to a site which may be used for treatment of infection and ablation of undesirable cells and tissue. A system disclosed may include a power supply, two electrodes, an aqueous matrix that may close the electric circuit between the electrodes at the treated site, and a controller. The controller may control the electrical circuit to induce a direct current through the electrodes and an aqueous matrix to produce electrolysis products. The duration and magnitude of the charge applied may determine the dose of the products applied to the treatment site. The composition of the electrodes and the aqueous matrix may be chosen to produce desired products. An apparatus is disclosed that may be in the form of a pad for applying to a wound. An apparatus is disclosed that may be used for treating internal tissue.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for an anti-reflux tube-type enemator that is leakproof, easy-to-clean, and quickly inflates to provide a steady flow of solution. The anti-reflux enemator includes a nozzle comprising a nozzle outlet, a tube fluidly coupled to the nozzle, and an enema bulb fluidly coupled to the tube. The enema bulb is configured to store solution therein and, in response to a squeezing force applied to the enema bulb, direct the solution through the tube and the nozzle, and expel the solution through the nozzle outlet. An anti-reflux coupler is positioned between the enema bulb and the tube through which the solution passes from the enema bulb to the tube. One or more one-way air valves are positioned relative to an aperture of the enema bulb.

Abstract: An automatic fluid injection device comprising: a base body (1) for coming into contact with an injection zone; a support assembly (2) for supporting an actuator mechanism (5, 6, 7) that is controlled by power supply means (11); at least one fluid reservoir (3), each containing an injection piston (35), arranged in said base body (1); a needle assembly (100) comprising an insertion actuator (8), needle movement means (9, 9?), a priming needle (101) for associating with each reservoir (3) and for penetrating into said reservoir (3) before moving its piston (35), and an injection needle (102) for penetrating into the injection zone and for injecting the contents of said reservoir(s) (3) into said injection zone, said device including at least one actuator button (200) for priming, inserting the injection needle into the injection zone, administering fluid, and then retracting the injection needle.

Abstract: An infusion system includes a double action infusion pump. The pump includes a cylinder and a reciprocating piston received within the cylinder, the reciprocating piston separating a first pump chamber from a second pump chamber of the cylinder. A reciprocating motor is coupled with the reciprocating piston, and the first and second pump chambers alternate between filling and evacuating conditions with reciprocation of the reciprocating piston through operation of the reciprocating motor, and the speed of reciprocation is varied to provide a continuous output of fluid between the first and second pump chambers. A fluid source and a catheter are optionally coupled with the double action infusion pump. The catheter includes one or more infusion ports near a catheter distal portion, and the one or more infusion ports receive and expel the continuous output of fluid from the double action infusion pump.

Abstract: Some embodiments of an infusion pump system can provide an alarm and user instructions in response to an ambient air pressure change or ambient air temperature that exceeds an alarm limit parameter. In some circumstances, the infusion pump system can be configured to monitor the actual ambient air pressure and temperature around the infusion pump system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a disposable delivery assembly for a drug delivery device to dispense a liquid medicament, the delivery assembly comprising: a disposable injector (60) comprising an injection needle (65), a flexible tube (64) and an injector fluid coupling (68), wherein the injection needle (65) is in fluid communication with the fluid coupling (68) via the flexible tube (64), a disposable cartridge (70) comprising a reservoir (80) at least partially filled with the liquid medicament and comprising a cartridge fluid coupling (90) in fluid communication with the reservoir (80), wherein the injector (60) and the cartridge (70) are mechanically interconnected in an undeployed configuration (4), in which the injector fluid coupling (68) and the cartridge fluid coupling (90) are disconnected, and—wherein the cartridge (70) is displaceable relative to the injector (60) into a deployed configuration (6), in which the injector fluid coupling (68) and the cartridge fluid coupling (90) are in fluid com

Abstract: Ambulatory infusion pumps, cannula insertion mechanisms, and medicament sealing assemblies, including cannula seal assemblies, plus related components, as well as component combinations and related methods.

Abstract: A device and a method for insertion of a cannula into a user's tissue are disclosed. A patch pump comprising a non-linear needle path with a first bend may be provided. A rigid needle may be located in the non-linear needle path and may be composed of a material that allows the rigid needle to maintain a bend at the first bend when traversing the non-linear needle path. A movement mechanism may be configured to apply a first force on a first end of the rigid needle to cause the rigid needle to traverse the non-linear needle path from a first needle position to a second needle position. The cannula may receive a second force from a second end of the rigid needle when the movement mechanism applies the first force on the first end of the rigid needle and may be configured to traverse from a first cannula position to a second cannula position based on the second force.

Abstract: A needle assembly including a needle having a sharpened end and an opposing end and a needle tip shield for shielding the needle. The needle tip shield includes a needle shield connectable to a base and a needle hub fixedly connected to the opposing end. The needle shield and needle hub displace relative to each other from a first state, in which the sharpened end of the needle is exposed outside the needle shield, to a second state, in which the sharpened end of the needle is shielded by the needle shield. An actuation button is movably connected to the needle hub to maintain the needle shield and needle hub in a releasable locked state in a first button position relative to the needle hub and to permit the needle shield and needle hub to displace relative to each other in a second button position relative to the needle hub.

Abstract: Systems and methods presented herein relate to managing ambulatory medical device data access. A computing system of a networked computing environment can establish a direct end-to-end data connection to an ambulatory medical device via a wireless wide area network. A public key of the computing system may be transmitted to the ambulatory medical device permitting the ambulatory medical device to encrypt data to be transmitted to the computing system. The computing system may receive, via the direct end-to-end data connection, encrypted data from the ambulatory medical device, and upon decrypting the data can generate a therapy report based at least in part on the therapy data. This therapy report may include time-series therapy data relating to the therapy delivered by the ambulatory medical device over a particular time period. The computing system can restrict access to the therapy report to authorized users.

Abstract: A device for filling and priming syringes is provided and comprises a support base, an engagement seat defined on the support base to receive a rear end of a syringe barrel of a syringe provided with a sliding plunger, engaging means defined at the engagement seat to cooperate with the syringe barrel for firmly holding the syringe to the engagement seat, a first vacuum pump or compressor which is provided with a suction opening communicating with the engagement seat to generate an under-pressure in the volume comprised between the plunger and the engagement seat when the syringe is firmly engaged in the engagement seat, and a second vacuum pump or compressor which is provided with a discharge opening communicating with the engagement seat to generate an over-pressure in the volume comprised between the plunger and the engagement seat when the syringe is thinly engaged in the engagement seat.

Abstract: An autoinjector (100?) for expelling a single dose of a drug from a held cartridge (600) comprising a piston (630). The autoinjector includes a needle shield (350, 380?) axially movable from an initial extended position via a triggering position to a trigger release position. The needle shield (350, 380?) is operatively coupled to a plunger release element (320?, 1320) cooperating with a plunger (310, 400) to define a releasable retaining mechanism that retains the plunger release element (320?, 1320) threadedly engaged with a base thread component (204?, 1204) in a predefined relative rotational and axial position and against rotational bias provided by an actuator (330). The needle shield (350, 380?) is configured for operating the retaining mechanism to release the retaining of the plunger release element (320?, 1320) and the base thread component (204?, 1204) from the predefined relative rotational and axial position upon the needle shield (350, 380?) being moved into the trigger release position.

Abstract: A dental anesthetic buffer system has a carpule having a first end and a second end, a capsule at least partially disposed within the carpule proximate the first end so as to fluidly seal the first end, and a membrane disposed proximate the second end so as to fluidly seal the second end. A liquid anesthetic is contained within the carpule between the first end and the second end. A liquid buffer is contained within the capsule. An activator is disposed proximate the buffer and extends from the carpule first end. The activator is manually moved from a first position to a second position so as to release the buffer from the capsule and combine the buffer with the anesthetic.

Abstract: Described is a syringe carrier comprising a body adapted to receive a barrel of a syringe. The body includes two sections having distal ends with shoulder sections. The shoulder sections are adapted to engage a circumferential gap between the barrel of the syringe and a needle shield covering a needle of the syringe.

Abstract: A fat-harvesting syringe having a multi-functional plunger assembly. The plunger assembly comprises an outer plunger rod body, an inner central plunger rod and a piston seal assembly. The outer plunger rod body having a first and a second end. The first end having a central lumen all at its finger grip handle and at the second end having flanges that are expandable. Once the central plunger inner rod is inserted fully into central lumen of plunger rod body, the expandable flanges expands and engages with the piston seal assembly. Also when the inner plunger rod is retracted, the plunger body flanges retract back and disengages from piston seal assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a syringe, and more particularly, to an apparatus obtained by improving a conventional syringe formed with an injection flow passage including an injection needle, so as to share a portion of the injection flow passage except the injection needle or to form a suction flow passage completely independent of the injection flow passage, thereby further smoothing suction of a liquid medicine. The syringe is configured such that the separate suction flow passage bypassing the injection needle is formed in the conventional syringe to more smoothly perform suction of the liquid medicine, thereby maximizing user's convenience and marketability of the conventional syringe, and further configured to forcibly close the suction flow passage upon injection of the liquid medicine.

Abstract: An autoinjector includes a case adapted to hold a medicament container having a needle, a needle shroud slidably disposed in the case and translatable between an extended position relative to the case in which the needle is covered and a retracted position relative to the case in which the needle is exposed, and a plunger slidably disposed in the case. The case includes a rib. The plunger includes a plunger boss adapted to abut the rib and the needle shroud when the needle shroud is in the extended position and disengage the rib when the needle shroud is in the retracted position to allow the plunger to translate axially relative to the case.

Abstract: A chemical-liquid injector includes a piston-driving mechanism (130) that moves a piston member of a syringe containing a contrast medium, which includes an actuator and a ram member which is moved back and forth by the actuator, a control circuit (150) which is electrically connected to the actuator, and an operating knob unit (170) which includes an operating knob that is to be operated by an operator, and a rotation sensor that outputs an electric signal corresponding to a rotation of the operating knob. The control circuit is configured to generate a predetermined control signal accordingly, on the basis of a signal from the rotation sensor, and the piston-driving mechanism is operated according to the control signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an injection needle assembly for use in a medicament delivery device. The injection needle assembly comprises an injection needle holder, an injection needle fixed to said injection needle holder, the injection needle having a proximal end and a distal end, and a sealing assembly for sealing the distal end of the injection needle. The sealing assembly comprises a spacer element surrounding the distal end of the injection needle and a sealing membrane for sealing the distal end of the injection needle.

Abstract: An inhaler article includes a body extending along a longitudinal axis from a mouthpiece end to a distal end and a capsule cavity defined within the body. The capsule cavity has a length extending along the longitudinal axis. A mouthpiece air channel extends from the capsule cavity to the mouthpiece end. An end cap is disposed within the distal end and extends to the capsule cavity. The end cap includes an air channel extending from the end cap distal end to the end cap inner end. A capsule is disposed within the capsule cavity and has a capsule length. The capsule length is in a range from about 25% to about 99% of the cavity length, or about 50% to about 95% of the cavity length, or about 70% to about 90% of the cavity length, or from about 75% to about 85% of the cavity length, or about 80% of the cavity length.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler-compatible tablet, i.e. one that is able to be dispersed or disintegrates within a liquid phase propellant, which is used in a pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler formulation containing at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient and one or more excipients.

Abstract: A control system for a heated conduit in a respiratory apparatus includes a power supply configured to provide power to the heated conduit and a heating control circuit configured to control an amount of heat generated in the heated conduit. The control system further includes a sensing circuit configured to indicate the temperature of a sensor positioned in the heated conduit by comparing a reference voltage with a sum of a voltage drop through the sensor and a voltage provided to the sensor by the power supply when the heating control circuit is on. When the heating control circuit is off, the voltage drop through the sensor is solely due to current provided by a current source.

Abstract: A CPAP device for delivering pressurized, humidified breathable gas for a patient includes a flow generator configured to pressurize a flow of breathable gas. The flow generator includes an air outlet and a removable water container configured to humidify the pressurized breathable gas received from the flow generator. The water container includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The CPAP device further includes a first elastomeric face seal configured to sealingly abut against a substantially flat portion of the water container surrounding the water container air inlet, the first elastomeric face seal being located at an intermediate position between the flow generator air outlet and the water container air inlet when the water container is placed into position to pneumatically communicate with the flow generator.

Abstract: An ultrasound scanning apparatus comprises an ultrasound scanning unit, an ultrasound controller for controlling the operation of the ultrasound scanning unit, detecting the operation state of the ultrasound scanning unit, generating a first enable signal when detecting that the operation state of the ultrasound scanning unit is transferred from an operating state to a non-operating state and generating a second enable signal when detecting that the operation state of the ultrasound scanning unit is transferred from the non-operating state to the operating state, and an enable output end for transmitting the first enable signal or the second enable signal to the breathing machine to control the running of the breathing machine.

Abstract: A dental appliance apparatus is disclosed herein. In various aspects, the dental appliance may include a body removably attachable to one or more teeth selected from premolars and molars, and a flange extending forth from lingual portions of the body to contact a tongue at one or more locations proximate the premolars and the molars in order to cause a contraction of the genioglossus that positions the tongue anteriorly and downward toward the mandible by stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve. The dental appliance may include a connector connected to the body, and the connector may pass about buccal-labial sides of the anterior teeth. A bumper may be included on a labial side of the connector, and the bumper may contact the lips to promote pursed lips breathing. An anterior flange may extend lingually from the connector to stimulate the hypoglossal nerve proximate a tip of the tongue in order to cause contraction of the genioglossus to position the tongue anteriorly and downward toward the mandible.

Abstract: A molded breathing appliance for supporting a nasal oxygen tube having an upper bite rim, a lower bite rim, a moldable material disposed within the upper bite rim and lower bite rim for conforming to a patient's maxillary bite impression and mandibular bite impression, respectively, an L-shaped member extending outwardly perpendicular to the upper bite rim, and a transverse support disposed on the L-shaped member and configured with a plurality of sets of oxygen tube finger clamps to retain a nasal oxygen tube in proximity with a patient's nostrils.

Abstract: Fixation apparatus for releasably securing a fixation structure to an airway tube of an artificial airway device is provided, the apparatus (1) being adapted to allow captive axial movement thereof relative to the airway tube (3) in a release position, and to substantially prevent axial movement thereof relative to the airway tube (3) in a secured position.

Abstract: A respiratory mask can be used to provide therapy to patients who also require a nasogastric (NG) tube. The mask seal can include a path that is designed to deform around an NG tube or other without lifting the mask away from a patient's face. The deforming path can help to minimize gaps that form between the patient's face and the mask seal as a result of the tube, thus reducing leaks and improving the efficacy of the treatment.

Abstract: A patient interface comprises a support structure and a seal-forming structure. The support structure is arranged to support the sealing portion and is configured to connect to the frame. The sealing portion comprises textile and is attached to the support structure along an outer perimeter of the sealing portion such that in use the sealing portion may be in tension due to reactive stress of the support structure and/or a resilient stretch characteristic of the textile such that the sealing portion exerts a force against the patient's face.

Abstract: Headgear for use with a respiratory mask is described. The headgear comprises a continuous and substantially curved elongate member extending in use below a user's nose and at least two headgear straps capable of attachment to the ends of the elongate member. A mask attachment on the elongate member is disposed to sit below or on one of said user's nose, mouth, upper lip and an inlet to the mask. The attachment is capable of receiving the mask.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for delivering anesthetic agent to a patient. In one embodiment, an anesthetic vaporizer includes a vaporizing chamber configured to hold a liquid anesthetic agent; a grid disposed within the vaporizing chamber; and a heating element positioned relative to the vaporizing chamber and configured to increase the temperature of the grid.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and method for delivery of therapeutic gas to patients in need thereof using enhanced breathing circuit gas (BCG) flow measurement. At least some of these enhanced BCG flow measurements can be used to address some surprising phenomena that may, at times, occur when wild stream blending therapeutic gas into breathing gas that a patient receives from a breathing circuit affiliated with a ventilator. Utilizing at least some of these enhanced BCG flow measurements the dose of therapeutic gas wild stream blended into breathing gas that the patient receives from a ventilator can at least be more accurate and/or over delivery of therapeutic gas into the breathing gas can be avoided and/or reduced.