Abstract: A memory device includes a memory array including a cell, and a controller coupled to the memory array. The controller is configured to control sequentially applying programming voltage pulses to the cell. A pulse width of each of the programming voltage pulses decreases as a pulse count of the programming voltage pulses increases.

Abstract: Provided is a memory device. The memory device may include a voltage code controller configured to generate a voltage code that generates a program voltage and pass voltages based on a number of times a program loop is performed, and a voltage generator configured to generate the program voltage and the pass voltages in response to the voltage code, transmit the program voltage to a selected word line, and transmit the pass voltages to unselected word lines, wherein the voltage generator is configured to sequentially increase the pass voltage that is applied to the unselected word lines in order of proximity to the selected word line as the number of times a program loop is performed increases.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes: a first memory cell; a second memory cell; a first word line; a second word line; and a first bit line. The device is configured to execute a first operation, a second operation, and a third operation to write data into the first memory cell. In the first operation, a first voltage is applied to the second word line. In the second operation, after the first operation, a second voltage higher than the first voltage is applied to the second word line. In the third operation, after the second operation, a third voltage higher than the second voltage is applied to the first word line, and a fourth voltage lower than both the second voltage and the third voltage is applied to the second word line.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for programming a 3D NAND flash memory, which includes: S1) providing a 3D flash memory array, and eliminating residual charges; S2) strobing a bit line where an upper sub-storage module is located; S3) applying a drain voltage to the drain of a to-be-programmed memory cell, and floating a source thereof; S4) applying a programming voltage to the gate of the to-be-programmed memory cell, to complete programming; and S5) after completing the programming of the upper sub-storage module, and when the upper sub-storage module keeps a programmed state, strobing a bit line where a lower sub-storage module is located, and repeating operation S3) and operation S4) to achieve programming of the lower sub-storage module. In the method for programming a 3D NAND flash memory according to the present disclosure, programming is completed based on tertiary electron collision.

Abstract: To improve the erase process, multiple methods of erasing are utilized. A first method of erasing is relied on at the beginning of life of the memory system. A second method is increasingly relied on as the memory system is used and undergoes many program/erase cycles. In one example, the first method of erase includes applying an erase enable voltage separately to different subsets of the word lines while word lines not receiving the erase enable voltage receive an erase inhibit voltage. In one example, the second method of erase includes applying an erase enable voltage concurrently to all subsets of the word lines.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses and methods may provide for technology that resumes a program operation with respect to NAND memory during a first tier in response to a suspension counter reaching a first threshold and resumes the program operation with respect to the NAND memory during a second tier in response to the suspension counter reaching a second threshold. The technology may also resume the program operation with respect to the NAND memory during a third tier in response to the suspension counter reaching a third threshold. Additionally, the technology may service one or more read operations with respect to the NAND memory until the suspension counter reaches the first threshold during the first tier, until the suspension counter reaches the second threshold during the second tier, and until the suspension counter reaches the third threshold during the third tier.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device, and a method of operating the same, includes a memory cell array and a peripheral circuit. The memory cell array includes memory cells, each storing N bits of data. The peripheral circuit performs a program operation on a physical page including selected memory cells. The peripheral circuit is configured to receive pieces of data of N logical pages and program the pieces of data of the N logical pages to the physical page based on a logic code. The logic code is determined to equalize numbers of sensing operations required to read the pieces of data of the N logical pages. Weak read levels are assigned, using the logic code, to read data of a logical page for which the number of sensing operations is smallest.

Abstract: The invention provides a memory apparatus including a memory cell array and a voltage generation circuit. The voltage generation circuit is electrically connected to the memory cell array and includes an active voltage circuit and a sensing circuit. The active voltage circuit is configured to output an operating voltage to the memory cell array when the memory apparatus is in an active mode. The sensing circuit is configured to sense the operating voltage when the memory apparatus is in a standby mode and briefly activate the active voltage circuit to pull up the operating voltage after the operating voltage drops below a threshold.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array having cell strings that each includes memory cells stacked on a substrate in a direction perpendicular to the substrate. A row decoder is connected with the memory cells through word lines. The row decoder applies a setting voltage to at least one word line of the word lines and floats the at least one word line during a floating time. A page buffer circuit is connected with the cell strings through bit lines. The page buffer senses voltage changes of the bit lines after the at least one word line is floated during the floating time and outputs a page buffer signal as a sensing result. A counter counts a number of off-cells in response to the page buffer signal. A detecting circuit outputs a detection signal associated with a defect cell based on the number of off-cells.

Abstract: A method of operating a memory device that includes a plurality of stages each having a plurality of page buffers. The method including performing a verify operation of a first program loop from among a plurality of program loops, the verify operation of the first program loop including, performing a first off-cell counting operation on a first stage of the plurality of stages based on a first sampling rate to generate a first off-cell counting result; selectively changing the first sampling rate based on the first off-cell counting result to generate a changed first sampling rate; and performing a second off-cell counting operation on a second stage of the plurality of stages based on one of the first sampling rate and the changed first sampling rate to generate a second off-cell counting result.

Abstract: A memory device comprising a memory array; and controller circuitry to apply a first pass voltage to a first plurality of unselected wordlines of the memory array during a string current sensing phase; and reduce the first pass voltage applied to the first plurality of unselected wordlines during a multistrobe sensing phase that follows the string current sensing phase.

Abstract: A memory device and a method of operating the same are provided. The memory device may include a peripheral circuit configured to perform a plurality of program loops and program a page selected from among the plurality of pages, wherein the peripheral circuit may count a number of memory cells whose threshold voltages have increased up to a first target voltage, among a part of memory cells included in the selected page, and may perform a current sensing check operation of determining whether a verify operation performed in a previous program loop has passed or failed, and a control logic circuit configured to control the peripheral circuit so that the current sensing check operation is performed when the number of memory cells whose threshold voltages have increased up to the first target voltage, is equal to or greater than a reference number of memory cells.

Abstract: A memory includes memory cells having two select transistors per cell. Each of the two select transistors are coupled to two different word lines with each word line being controlled by a separate addressable word line driver circuit. In some embodiments, providing two different word lines from two different word line drivers may provide for a memory where the word lines can apply different voltages based on the memory operation being performed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of testing a testing device with a ground noise. The method includes coupling a device under test in series between a source and a ground in an automatic test equipment, coupling a ground bounce generator in series between the device under test and the ground, coupling the testing device to the device under test, providing a current by the source through the device under test and the ground bounce generator, controlling the ground bounce generator to generate the ground noise, and collecting a performance result of the testing device in the automatic test equipment.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and method for controlling the DRAM. The DRAM has a first operation mode and a second operation mode. The DRAM includes a control module and a connecting module. The connecting module includes an input/output (I/O) pad and a determining circuit. The I/O pad is configured to receive a first input signal. The determining circuit includes a detector and a first determining unit. The detector is configured to compare the first input signal to a reference signal so as to generate a first signal. The first determining unit is configured to receive the first signal and generate a first output signal according to the first signal. The control module is configured to control the DRAM being operated under the first operation mode or the second operation mode according to the first output signal.

Abstract: A Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) device is tested using a high repetition test that detects one or more low-likelihood failures, such as a failure to properly switch between a high or low resistive state. A series of write and read operations are performed for a large number of test cycles at high frequency. A first tier measurement is used to determine if a switching failure occurred, e.g. by comparing the read signal to target level(s) after each operation. When a switching failure event is detected, a second tier measurement is used to measure and store switching performance parameters, for example, the value of the read signal, while the MRAM device is in a failure state. The high frequency testing may be paused during the second tier measurements. Additional performance parameters may be measured during the second tier measurements.

Abstract: A variety of applications can include systems and methods that include a memory system tester having an analyzer coupled to a test flow controller. The test flow controller can be arranged to generate test signals to a memory system with the analyzer arranged to couple to test pads of a package platform for the memory system. The analyzer can provide data to the test flow controller to conduct testing and/or debugging of the memory system, with the data based on real time monitoring of the test pads of the package platform. In various embodiments, the analyzer can provide data feedback to the test flow controller in real time such that the test flow controller can control the flow of test signals to the memory system in real time. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A memory device includes: a memory cell capable of holding data; and an ECC circuit capable of generating a correction code and detecting an error based on the correction code. The memory cell is accessed by a pipeline operation. The pipeline operation includes at least four pipeline stages including a read cycle reading data from the memory cell, an ECC cycle executing generation of the correction code or error detection for the memory cell in the ECC circuit, a wait cycle during which processing for data related to the memory cell is not executed, and a write cycle writing data into the memory cell.

Abstract: A system include multiple memory dice and a processing device coupled to the multiple memory dice. The processing device is to perform operations, including: reading temperature values from registers at multiple memory dice, wherein each temperature value is associated with a temperature at a respective die of the multiple memory dice; reading error-correcting code (ECC)-protected data from the multiple memory dice; determining whether an ECC check of the ECC-protected data results in detecting an error; in response to detecting the error from the ECC-protected data for a die of the multiple memory dice, performing a confirmation check that the error is a result of a defect in the die; and in response to the confirmation check confirming the die is defective, ignoring a temperature value from the die when determining whether to trigger a thermal-related operation.

Abstract: A memory controller includes a core processor and a built-in self-repair (BISR) logic circuit. The core processor includes a register file with a plurality of register values corresponding to repair commands that control a self-repair operation of a memory device. The BISR logic circuit receives at least one of the plurality of register values from the core processor and converts the at least one of the plurality of register values into at least one of the repair commands to output the least one of the repair commands to the memory device. The core processor transmits the at least one of the plurality of register values to the BISR logic circuit in response to a firmware instruction that is output from an external firmware coupled to the memory controller.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a combination of experimental and computational workflows that allow characterization of specific molecular mechanisms by which the microbiome contribute to skin health and skin age.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a respective carrier status of an individual is provided. In one implementation, a method includes training a neural network model based on predetermined information related to at least one genetic variant and determining the respective carrier status based on a normalized read depth for the gene in a genome of the individual and allele dosage data for the gene using a machine learning algorithm. The method is configured to receive, as inputs, the normalized read depth and allele dosage data, and output the respective carrier status of the individual for the at least one genetic variant. In another implementation a system includes a recurrent neural network. The recurrent neural network includes a plurality of long short-term memory (LSTM) network cells linked sequentially in the recurrent neural network, a plurality of layers of long short-term memory (LSTM) network cells; and a fully connected sigmoid module.

Abstract: Copy Number Variants (CNV) detection methods described herein may efficiently integrate CNV detection into the workflow for a next generation sequencer (NGS) data processing, in parallel with SNP and INDEL variant calling. CNV detection methods as described herein may be performed by analyzing the coverage pattern across a suitable set of genomic regions or amplicons and across a batch of samples from different patients. The proposed methods do not require the use of specifically chosen reference samples as inputs to the workflow, but rather automatically select a set of reference samples from the same batch, for each sample being tested. The CNV detection methods may reliably detect CNVs in a set of samples without prior assumptions about the CNV status of any of those samples. Embodiments described herein may also apply the CNV detection scheme iteratively to further improve the detection performance, especially in the case of more frequent CNV occurrence.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods of identifying structural variants (SVs) from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that demonstrate non-Mendelian inheritance pattern (NMI) and finding the biological relevance of the SVs through machine learning. Also disclosed are processors programmed to identify biologically-relevant SVs and computer-readable storage devices comprising instructions to identify biologically-relevant SVs.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems and methods for developing classifiers useful for predicting response to particular treatments. For example, in some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of treating subjects suffering from an autoimmune disorder, the method comprising a step of: administering an anti-TNF therapy to subjects who have been determined to be responsive via a classifier established to distinguish between responsive and non-responsive prior subjects in a cohort who have received the anti-TNF therapy.

Abstract: Provided are a method of determining a fetal fraction and a computer readable medium, in which a program to be applied for performing the method is recorded. According to the method, when the fetal fraction is estimated in an optimal bin different from the predetermined chromosome bin (50 kb), the fetal fraction may be more accurately determined. Therefore, the fetal fraction may be measured with higher accuracy using the same training sample size.

Abstract: The present invention relates to identification of an abnormal splice site. Provided are methods of identifying an abnormal splice site. Methods of classifying the risk of abnormal splicing of a splice site are also provided. Databases for use in the methods provided herein are also disclosed.

Abstract: A similarity analysis method of negative sequential patterns based on biological sequences and its implementation system and medium comprises: (1) Data preprocessing: represent the letters in the DNA sequence with numbers; divide the sequence represented by numbers into several blocks as datasets for frequent pattern mining; (2) Frequent pattern mining: utilize the f-NSP algorithm to mine the data sets; (3) Represent the maximum frequent positive and negative sequential patterns graphically; convert the maximum frequent positive and negative sequential patterns into number sequences; (4) Similarity analysis of DNA sequence: calculate the similarity of different DNA sequences; select the DNA sequence corresponding to the minimum similarity as the sequence to be studied.

Abstract: A computer distinguishes relationships among concepts of conveyance contained within delivered content. The computer receives several of concepts of conveyance and determines a first visual identification indicia for a first of the concepts, with the first visual identification indicia being characterized by a first combination of appearance style elements selected from a group of visual attribute categories. The appearance style elements have sufficient visual contrast relative to one another to represent distinguishable relationships among individual concepts of conveyance, pairs of concepts of conveyance and multiple concepts of conveyance that are overlapping. The computer iteratively determines a visual identification indicia for each concepts of conveyance. The visual identification indicia are characterized by a unique corresponding combination of appearance style elements selected from the visual attribute categories.

Abstract: A method for transferring a dataset-specific nature of a first dataset with sequencing results for a first plurality of specimen to a second dataset with sequencing results for a second plurality of specimen includes receiving a first set of adaptation factors of the first dataset that include two or more eigenvectors, where the sequencing cannot be reconstructed from the first set of adaptation factors without access to the first dataset. The method also includes generating a second set of adaptation factors of the second dataset that include two or more eigenvectors of the second dataset. The method also includes generating an adapted second dataset by adapting the dataset-specific nature of the second dataset to the dataset-specific nature of the second dataset based at least in part on the first and second sets of adaptation factors, and providing the adapted second dataset to the first entity.

Abstract: A method for transferring a dataset-specific nature of a first dataset with sequencing results for a first plurality of specimen to a second dataset with sequencing results for a second plurality of specimen includes receiving a first set of adaptation factors of the first dataset that include two or more eigenvectors, where the sequencing cannot be reconstructed from the first set of adaptation factors without access to the first dataset. The method also includes generating a second set of adaptation factors of the second dataset that include two or more eigenvectors of the second dataset. The method also includes generating an adapted second dataset by adapting the dataset-specific nature of the second dataset to the dataset-specific nature of the second dataset based at least in part on the first and second sets of adaptation factors, and providing the adapted second dataset to the first entity.

Abstract: The disclosure features methods that include obtaining a vibrational spectrum of a solution in a biological manufacturing system, analyzing the vibrational spectrum using a first chemometrics model to determine a value of a first quality attribute associated with the solution, analyzing the vibrational spectrum using a second chemometrics model to determine a value of a second quality attribute associated with the solution, and adjusting at least one parameter of a purification unit of the biological manufacturing system based on at least one of the values of the first and second quality attributes.

Abstract: A method for drug classification, a terminal device, and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium are provided. An attribute feature vector of each of n atoms in a drug molecule to be detected and an attribute feature vector of a virtual atom are obtained. An adjacency matrix is constructed according to a connection relationship between the virtual atom and each of the n atoms and between the n atoms. An atom attribute feature matrix is constructed according to the attribute feature vector of each atom. The adjacency matrix and the atom attribute feature matrix are inputted into a graph neural network to determine a transfer feature matrix of the n atoms and the virtual atom. A molecular feature vector corresponding to the drug molecule to be detected is determined according to the transfer feature matrix. The molecular feature vector is inputted into a classifier to output a drug category.

Abstract: A cell sorting system that automatically generates a sorting strategy based on examples of target events provided by an operator. The target events can be selected using measurements ranging from traditional flow cytometry measurements to derived measurements that are computationally expensive to complex measurements such as images.

Abstract: A processing apparatus for processing information relating an analysis, includes a display controller that causes a display device to display first information, which is information about each substance in regard to the analysis of a sample, and second information which is information about each substance group including a plurality of the different substances in regard to the analysis, wherein the display controller displays the first information and the second information to be switchable to each other or displays the first information such that a display and a non-display of the second information are switchable.

Abstract: A method for generating a multi-component surrogate is provided. The method includes determining, based on a detailed hydrocarbon analysis, components of a physical fuel sample, selecting, for a hydrocarbon, chemicals from a list of known chemicals in a chemical property database, chemical property correlation software, or chemical process software package, the hydrocarbon having an equivalent molecular structure as each of the chemicals, dividing a concentration of the hydrocarbon in the physical fuel sample into surrogate concentrations corresponding to the chemicals, and generating the multi-component surrogate based at least on the surrogate concentrations, where each of the chemicals represents the hydrocarbon as a surrogate in the multi-component surrogate, and the multi-component surrogate is used to represent the physical fuel sample in a one-dimensional (1D) hydraulic modeling software to model a direct injection (DI) system.

Abstract: A system and method for determining whether an image study is eligible for autonomous interpretation. The method includes detecting a likelihood assessment of whether a particular pathology is present in a current image study using an AI model for the particular pathology. The method includes electing a relevant prior image study that has been assessed via the AI model. The method includes retrieving relevant information pertaining to one of the current image study and the relevant prior image study. The method includes determining, based on at least one of the likelihood assessment of the current image study, the relevant prior image study and the retrieved relevant information, whether the current image study is eligible for autonomous interpretation.

Abstract: A medical recommendation system includes a computing device. The device is configured to implement a patient data receiving module configured to receive medical patient data pertaining to a patient; to implement a clinical trial data receiving module configured to receive clinical trial data; and to implement a medical guideline receiving module configured to receive a medical guideline in a basic version, represented by a basic connected directed graph (BCDG) including a plurality of nodes representing medical actions; to implement a guideline adapting module configured to determine whether the patient fulfils criteria of at least one clinical trial based on the received medical patient data and the received clinical trial data and to adapt, upon the patient fulfilling the criteria, the BCDG to provide an adapted connected directed (ACDG) graph by integrating at least one additional node into the BCDG; and to implement an output module configured to output the ACDG.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for identifying possible further (histo)pathological examinations from already existing histopathological examination results with a computer-implemented and automated analysis. The already existing histopathological examination results in this case are available in the form of a histopathology dataset. The histopathology dataset has one or more first histopathology slide images, which each show a first tissue slide prepared from a tissue sample of a patient and stained with a first histopathological staining. Via an analysis algorithm examination information is established based on the histopathology dataset, with the examination information having a specification for carrying out a further (histo)pathological examination of the patient, in particular by a user making an appraisal.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an automated patient matching system that allows medical records for a patient to be reconciled between disparate medical providers by comparison of inbound medical records to patient demographic information stored by a medical provider. The present invention facilitates the preservation of the continuum of care, and allows inbound medical records to automatically be reconciled and ingested for patients ahead of scheduled appointments or procedures.

Abstract: Distributed Semantic Mashup Service (DSMS) architecture may address the limitations of centralized mashup service. DSMS may leverage a group of SMS Hosts to conduct mashup operations in a distributed manner, such as each involved SMS Host conducts certain mashup operations locally on its own, and finally conducts mashup operation on the Master SMS Host based on these distributed Child Semantic Mashup Instances s to generate more advanced Hierarchical Semantic Mashup Instances to be returned to SMS Requestors.

Abstract: A medical data processing system includes: a medical data storage configured to collect one or more pieces of medical data from one or more input devices, a data analyzer configured to execute one or more analyzing services on the one or more pieces of medical data so as to output one or more corresponding pieces of analyzed medical data, a results manager configured to collect usage data, related to how the one or more pieces of analyzed medical data are analyzed by the data analyzer and/or used by one or more users, and a processing optimizer configured to control operation of the data analyzer based on the usage data.

Abstract: A medical data management system is for managing medical data. In an embodiment, the system includes a medical data gateway, including a processor connectable to a plurality of input devices, the medical data gateway being connected to a local network. Further, the processor is configured to carry out: collecting medical data, associated to a non-pseudonymized patient identifier and a data source identifier, from an input device; pseudonymizing at least the non-pseudonymized patient identifier of the medical data; exporting the pseudonymized medical data to a remote storage, the remote storage being part of a remote network external to the local network; allowing access to the non-pseudonymized patient identifier to a local application, running in the local network, and/or refusing access to the non-pseudonymized patient identifier to a remote application, running outside of the local network. A corresponding medical data management method is for managing medical data.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer readable storage medium stores instructions that cause a computer to execute: confirming whether at least part of first patient information matches at least part of second patient information, wherein the first patient information is obtained from a user terminal used by a patient and the second patient information is obtained from a medical facility; notifying the user terminal of authentication information of the patient, wherein the authentication information is generated upon confirming that the at least part of the first patient information matches the at least part of the second patient information; and associating the first patient information with the second patient information upon reception of related authentication information relating to the authentication information from the user terminal to which the authentication information has been notified.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to systems and methods that allow medical providers to electronically share medical data with other providers, and where the medical data is organized or classified upon receipt using mapping and/or machine learning techniques. The present invention further facilitates clinical decision support functions such as appropriate use assessments, treatment decision-making, pharmaceutical research support functions, as well as clinical trial qualification functions.

Abstract: Generally, the method provides an interface for clinical research organizations to estimate, in real-time, an eligible patient population for a clinical study, as well as a point-of-care interface that can alert patients of their eligibility in a clinical study. Thus, the method provides improved identification of clinical cohorts and can quickly match patients with clinical studies that fit their medical needs.

Abstract: Implementations for providing patient physiological data to a third-party system in near-real-time include determining that a value of a data element within a data source has changed, and determining that the data element is included in a watchlist, the watchlist including one or more topics, each topic being associated with at least one data element, and in response: providing a data element tuple associated with the data element, and transmitting the data element tuple to the third-party system over a network. Other implementations of this aspect include corresponding systems, apparatus, and computer programs, configured to perform the actions of the methods, encoded on computer storage devices.

Abstract: This disclosure includes techniques for analyzing patient data. In one example, a method includes accessing, by a computer system, one or more databases comprising health information, with protected health information, for a plurality of patients, accessing, by the computer system, an analytical model, and receiving, by the computer system via a user interface, instructions to apply the analytical model to health information for each of the plurality of patients. The protected health information is isolated from the user interface to restrict access to the protected health information. The method further includes applying, by the computer system, the analytical model to health information for each of the plurality of patients, and storing a result of the analytical model to the one or more databases.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the computerized synthesis of simulated health data are provided. A computing device can receive a respective data model constructed from protected health information (PHI) hosted by a respective health data provider. The computing device can create a state transition machine from the received data model, where a state of the state transition machine represents a health related event of a synthetic life. The computing device can generate a synthetic health data set for each synthetic person in a synthetic population by calculating one or more health related events for each time step in the synthetic life. The computing device can calculate a similarity score by comparing the generated synthetic health data set to an actual health data set. The computing device can adjust the received data model based on the score falling below a threshold similarity, thereby creating an adjusted data model.

Abstract: There is a need for more accurate and more efficient optimized delivery prediction operations. This need can be addressed by, for example, techniques for performing a plurality of optimized drug need prediction iterations in order to generate corresponding optimized delivery predictions. In one example, a method includes: performing a plurality of optimized drug need prediction iterations, wherein: each optimized drug need prediction iteration of the plurality of optimized drug need predictions is configured to generate an optimized delivery prediction for the optimized drug need prediction iteration; and performing the optimized drug delivery based at least in part on each optimized delivery prediction for an optimized drug need prediction iteration of the plurality of optimized drug need predictions.