Abstract: An upper link for a three-point power lift of an agricultural tractor including a cylindrical connecting sleeve, a first fastening element rotated into a first open end of the cylindrical connecting sleeve and configured to be attached to the agricultural tractor, a second fastening element rotated into a second open end of the cylindrical connecting sleeve and configured to produce a releasable connection to an attachment, and a retaining bar attached to the first fastening element. The retaining bar includes a bar portion having a locking region for receiving a retaining catch and runs spaced apart along the cylindrical connecting sleeve. The retaining bar includes a support element encompassing the cylindrical connecting sleeve such that the connecting sleeve is rotationally displaceable, and the length of the upper link is varied by rotating the cylindrical connecting sleeve.

Abstract: A scanning device for use in gathering data relating to crops is described including: at least one camera; and a stroboscopic light source is associated with each at least one camera; the device is arranged to be moved around an area where a crop is grown and includes a means for determining the location of the device in the area; the device being arranged to take images of the crop from the at least one camera in synchrony with the stroboscopic light source as the device moves around the area; and wherein the stroboscopic light source has a light output of greater than 6×10?5 joules/cm2 (at 2 feet).

Abstract: A system (1000) and method of marking soil or crops within afield with a visual strip (1001) to identify an occurrence of a detected event as an agricultural implement (10) traverses a field. The system includes an assembly (100, 200, 300, 500, 700, 800, 900) supported by the agricultural implement. The assembly includes a supply of a colored composition and an actuator (130, 330, 1030) configured to receive the actuation signals sent by the controller (80, 81). The actuator is responsive to the actuation signals to release the colored composition at the location on the field while the agricultural implement advances through the field in the forward direction of travel.

Abstract: A seedling-package forming system includes a first conveyor including a first track and a first sheet arranged on the first track. A second conveyor is located at a downstream position and includes a second track and a second sheet arranged to lie on the second track. The second track is configured to transport the second sheet toward the first sheet. The first sheet and the second sheet are packed around a plurality of seedlings to form a seedling package.

Abstract: A seedling package includes a seedling including a root structure in soil and a shoot structure protruding from the soil and a seedling-retainer band. The seedling-retainer band includes a first sheet arranged to partially surround a first side of the root structure of the seedling and a second sheet arranged to partially surround an opposite second side of the root structure of the seedling.

Abstract: A degradable aroma product with seeds wrapped therein includes plant seeds and growth carriers coated or mixed with plant nutrients and aromatizers. The degradable aroma product may be in the form of an aroma card with the growth carriers being made of paper pulp, or alternatively, in the form of an aroma sachet with the plant seeds and the growth carriers or the aroma card wrapped in a degradable packaging bag. When the degradable aroma product has been used over a period of time and no longer produces fragrance, it can be directly buried in soil without forming any pollutant and accordingly, meets the requirement of plastic and waste reduction. Further, with the plant nutrients, the plant seeds can grow into trees, flowers or fruits more easily to enable sustainable development of healthy circle of life (i.e. the product design concept of cradle-to-cradle), carbon reduction and environmental protection.

Abstract: An apparatus for making holes in plastic along a ridge row has a frame with wheels spanning a ridge row, a furrow reference wheel centered in the frame adapted to roll on soil surface between two raised ridge rows, a first vertically translatable mechanism positioned at a distance to a first side of the furrow reference wheel to be directly over the ridge row adjacent the furrow reference wheel, the vertically translatable mechanism having a first electrically-heated hole punch element at a lower extremity, and a control system having a power supply, sensors and actuators for managing operation of the apparatus. As the apparatus is towed, the furrow reference wheel triggers signals to the control system to activate the vertically translatable mechanism at repeated intervals to descend and make holes in the plastic covering on the raised ridge row.

Abstract: A particulate material metering system includes a controller configured to determine a radius of curvature of a path of a lead vehicle coupled to an agricultural implement. The controller is configured to determine a lead time of the lead vehicle relative to the agricultural implement based on a speed of the lead vehicle and/or the agricultural implement. The controller is configured to determine a radius of curvature of a path of the agricultural implement based on the radius of curvature of the path of the lead vehicle at a determination time, in which the determination time is a current time minus an offset time, and the offset time is based on the lead time. The controller is configured to determine target particulate material flow rates of respective metering devices of the particulate material metering system based on the radius of curvature of the path of the agricultural implement.

Abstract: A seedling planter is configured to plant a plurality of seedlings in ground. The seedling planter includes a vehicle body, a seedling-storage unit, and a seedling-distribution unit. The seedlings are held together in the form of a seedling package that is stored within the seedling-storage unit. The seedling-distribution unit is configured to separate each seedling from the seedling package and plant each seedling in the ground as the vehicle body travels across the ground. A method includes forming the seedling package.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices, systems and methods related to agricultural planters. In some implementations, the row unit includes a soil engaging member, where the soil engaging member engages at least one sidewall of a trench and displaces soil from the sidewall to cover the seed. In further implementations, the row unit includes a sensing system for sensing sidewall compaction and/or soil moisture.

Abstract: A control device for executing travel control of a self-propelled work machine, comprising a turning unit that turns the work machine such that the work machine travels inside a boundary of a work region, an evaluation unit that evaluates complexity of a shape of the boundary in the work region, and a changing unit that changes a turning mode of the work machine when the work machine is turned based on an evaluation result by the evaluation unit.

Abstract: A weed trimming head assembly includes a hub that has a plurality of arms each radiating outwardly between a central coupling and an outer ring. Each of the arms has a channel integrated into the arms and the channel extends between the central coupling and the outer ring. A plurality of trimming lines is provided and each of the trimming lines is slidably insertable into the channel in a respective one of the arms. Moreover, each of the trimming lines extends outwardly from the outer ring of the hub. In this way each of the trimming lines can trim grass when the hub is rotated by the weed trimmer.

Abstract: A trimmer head includes a housing rotatable about a rotational axis. The housing includes a main body defining a cavity, and a cap removably coupled to the main body. The trimmer head additionally includes a spool supported in the cavity and operable to support line to be dispensed, a retainer positioned between the housing and the spool. and a first ring protruding from a distal end of the housing.

Abstract: A mower includes a main body having an electric motor configured to drive a mowing member, a pair of front wheels, and a pair of rear wheels. A supporting portion is associated with the main body and a handle is connected to the main body and rotatable between a first position and a second position. The handle comprises an operation assembly operable by a user to control the electric motor. A controller prevents the electric motor from being activated by a user operation of the operation assembly when the mower is in a first state in which the supporting portion and the pair of rear wheels are used to support the main body on a supporting surface with the handle in the first position.

Abstract: The present utility model discloses a hybrid grass cutting apparatus, comprising a strimmer assembly, the strimmer assembly comprising a cutting head assembly located at an end remote from a handle and connected via a connecting rod, the cutting head assembly comprising a cutting tool and a guard located close to the cutting tool. The hybrid grass cutting apparatus further comprises a grass cutter frame, the grass cutter frame having an opening which accommodates the guard and through which the cutting tool can pass; and an engagement feature is provided between the grass cutter frame and the guard, enabling a user to engage the strimmer assembly with the grass cutter frame or remove the strimmer assembly from the grass cutter frame without any need to use an additional tool.

Abstract: The invention relates to a harvesting device for harvesting fruit hanging from a plant, comprising a frame displaceable in a transport direction, at least one container displaceable relative to the frame in a direction of extension substantially transversely of the transport direction; and at least one catcher mounted on the at least one container, wherein the at least one brush comprises an arm extending substantially in the direction of extension from the container, and a number of bristles which are attached to the arm and extend substantially parallel to the transport direction. The invention also relates to a method for harvesting such fruit, wherein use is made of such a harvesting device.

Abstract: A sorghum cutting header and a sorghum harvester with large feed volume and multiple reeling pans includes a reeling header, a rod crushing device, and a reciprocating cutter device. The rod crushing device is located under the reeling header. The reeling header includes reeling pans, frame rods, bearing seats, reeling pan shafts, tandem shafts, and tandem shaft bearing seats. The reeling pan shafts are installed in parallel on the frame rod through bearing seats. The adjacent reeling pan shafts are in transmission connection, and at least one reeling pan shaft is in transmission connection with the power device. An inner part of any reeling pan shaft penetrates the tandem shafts. Both ends of the tandem shafts are supported on the frame rods, and one end of the tandem shafts is fixed on the tandem shaft bearing seats. The reeling pans are mounted on any reeling pan shaft.

Abstract: A haymaking machine has a rake rotor with frame and support arm provided with a base part and a sliding part. The base part is pivotably connected to the frame about a support arm axis to enable the support arm to pivot between a lowered active position and a raised passive position. The sliding part is slidable relative to the base part between an inner position and an outer position for length adjustment of the support arm. The outer position is farther removed from the support arm axis than the inner position. A catching element is connected to the sliding part. A linear drive is connected to frame and sliding part to move the sliding part into the inner position and pivot the support arm from active position into passive position. A retaining mechanism holds the support arm in active position until the sliding part has reached the inner position.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a bale feeder assembly is provided comprising a housing having side walls and a feed assembly disposed between the side walls. The feed assembly has a proximal end and a distal end, and is structured to move a bale of material. The bale feeder also has a movable platform connected to the proximal end of the feed assembly to move the bale along the housing, and wherein the movable platform is rotatable between a generally horizontal position and a generally perpendicular position relative to the housing. The bale feeder also has a shredder disposed adjacent the distal end of the feed assembly to shred the bale, the feed assembly being disposed at an angle such that the proximal end is in a plane spaced below a plane the distal end is disposed in and the feed assembly with the movable platform is capable of moving a bale of material or a portion of a bale of material towards the shredder for shredding.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring bale growth rate and mat thickness and controlling baler operations according to the monitoring of bale growth rate and mat thickness. A baler includes sensors and a control system that uses sensor output as input for its processes. The controller is configured to determine a value of a physical attribute in an operation of a baler based on data received from a sensor. Also, the controller is configured to estimate a mat thickness or a bale growth rate based on the determined value of the physical attribute. The controller is also configured to control an operation of the baler or an operation of a tow vehicle, configured to tow the baler, based on the estimated mat thickness or bale growth rate.

Abstract: A round baler has a feed channel, a bale chamber, and a starter roll. The starter roll is arranged at an inlet side of the bale chamber and driveable about an axial roll axis in rotational direction. The starter roll feeds a crop flow from the feed channel to the bale chamber for bale formation. A catch device is provided for catching falling material. A tangentially extending catching chamber is formed between the catch device and the starter roll. The starter roll engages material in the catching chamber and feeds the material back to the crop flow. The catch device has a deflector element that, in a rest position, delimits the catching chamber at least in sections radially outwardly. The deflector element is elastically deflectable at least radially outwardly from the rest position such that an exit opening for the material from the catching chamber is produced or expanded.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a system and processing method for fractionating pre-formed forage hay bales into a fractionated leaf portion and a fractionated stem portion. More particularly, the system involves grinding, chopping and shredding bales, and fractionating the chopped and shredded bales using a shaker table and grate assembly, into a fractionated leaf portion and a fractionated stem portion using a shaker table. The resulting fractionated leaf portion and fractionated stem portion can then be further processed into pellets for animal feed products, or the fractionated stem portion can be re-baled. Pelletization includes customizing the size of the pellets and the addition of additives to the pellets according to customers specifications for customized animal feed products. Pellets derived from the fractionated leaf portion and the fractionated stem portion are then packaged, typically in bags, for storage and transport.

Abstract: A light source module for plant cultivation includes a first light source unit emitting a first type of light suitable for growing a plant, a second light source unit emitting a second type of light suitable for growing the plant, and a third light source unit emitting a third type of light suitable for increasing the content of phytochemicals in the plant. The first light source unit, the second light source unit, and the third light source unit are operated independently of one another. The first type of light and the second type light are visible light having different peak wavelengths. The third type of light includes at least one selected from among UVA, UVB, UVC, and near-UV light.

Abstract: A plant pot assembly including a pot portion. At least one sidewall extends upward from a sidewall bottom section to an upper rim and a dividing that, with the bottom section, upper rim, and sidewalls defines a soil cavity and basin cavity. The dividing structure defines a drain aperture connecting the soil cavity and the basin cavity. A basin portion includes a basin floor, a basin front, a basin back, at least one basin sidewall, and an elevated portion. The at least one sidewall defines an opening in the basin cavity whereby the basin portion may be inserted into the basin cavity. In a first basin position, the fluid may flow from the soil cavity, through the drain aperture, and into the basin cavity. In a second basin position, the fluid may not flow from the soil cavity into the basin cavity.

Abstract: An extendable plant tray assembly comprising a plurality of plant holders in a grid structure, wherein in a first direction said plant holders are movably connected through an extension system arranged to move said assembly between a retracted position and an extended position, the assembly including at least one grid structure element holding a plurality of plant holders in a second direction transverse to said first direction, wherein the plurality of plant holders are arranged on the at least one grid structure element in a staggered manner, alternating a plant holder with a plant holder receiving space, wherein the extension system comprises extendable connection members which are configured to connect at least two grid structure elements, and wherein the extendable connection members are detachably connected to said at least two grid structure elements.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide and exhaust gas capture device that is a device being unique in the world and being able to truly suppress carbon dioxide is provides and has a cold water tank set, a photosynthetic tank set, and a terrestrial plant tank set. The cold water tank set reduces temperature of exhaust gas and filters toxic gases and pollutant particles. The photosynthetic tank set and the terrestrial plant tank set further photosynthesize the exhaust gas with organisms that derive energy from photosynthesis and terrestrial plants to produce oxygen. Moreover, the carbon dioxide and exhaust gas capture device requires low cost, has high efficiency, produces zero pollution during the process, has a long service life, and has high added value.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for creating laminar air flow inside an indoor growing environment is described. Ambient air inside the indoor growing environment is drawn into one or more fan casings coupled to an air intake manifold. The ambient air is then expelled from the air intake manifold, through two or more air outlet ports and into to or more air tubes, respectively. Each of the air tubes comprises a plurality of air tube orifices that are sized and positioned along each of the plurality of air tubes to expel the ambient air inside the air tubes in such a way as to create a laminar air flow through plants arranged on either side of each of the air tubes.

Abstract: A cultivation floor system has a floor on which plant containers are to be placed. The system includes a watertight basin and a water-permeable structure in the basin, which structure has a permeable top cloth which forms the top side of the floor on which plant containers are placed. The structure includes one or more water-retaining layers. A watering installation supplies water so that water is available for the plants in the plant containers. A perforated film is placed between the permeable top cloth on the one hand and the one or more water-retaining layers on the other hand, which perforated film is made of impermeable film material which is provided with distributed perforations in such a manner that the film reduces the free evaporation surface for water from the one or more water-retaining layers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a blowing-sucking device. The blowing-sucking device comprises a fan and defines a blowing path and a sucking path, and comprises a first housing, a second housing, and at least one air duct, wherein the second housing is provided between the first housing and the at least one air duct, and defines at least part of the blowing path and/or the sucking path, and the second housing is configured to be detachably connected to both the first housing and the at least one air duct. The blowing-sucking device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention is compact in structure and easy to disassemble and assemble. It is easy to inspect, clean, and replace its internal components. The device features operational suitability, flexibility, and convenience.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing sterile flowering biomass, the method comprising: a) inoculating a temporary liquid immersion culture system containing a sterile culture medium containing at least one cytokinin with sterile plant material, b) growing leafy biomass, and c) inducing and maturing flower tissues from the leafy biomass, wherein flowering is induced by reducing the duration and/or frequency of the immersion of the plant material in the culture medium in step c) compared to step b). It further relates to a method for producing a component present in flowering biomass, using sterile flowering biomass obtained using the aforementioned method according to the invention.

Abstract: A device is mounted to the end of a log so that a skid steer may use the log to engage a tree targeted for felling. The device may include any number of implements configured for engaging the target tree to be felled in such a way that the implement will not “slip” up the tree or off the tree, thereby giving the operator of the heavy equipment some level of control over the target tree. In some applications, the operator of the heavy equipment may simply use the device to push the target tree over such that the root ball of the target tree rises up out of the ground as the target tree is felled. In other applications, an operator may make cuts to the target tree before the heavy equipment pushes the tree with the device implement in the desired direction of fell.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and systems for treating irrigation water by introducing a propagating electromagnetic field into the irrigation water as it flows through an irrigation system. The treatments described herein may have a variety of beneficial effects when applied to hydrophobic soils, including a significant increase in the percentage of the water that is maintained in the root zone of a given crop as plant-available water and the essential mineral, e.g. calcium and/or magnesium, uptake of that crop. The treatments described herein may also have beneficial effects when applied to hydrophilic soils, and particularly high salinity, hydrophilic soils, including a reduction in the soil salinity, including the amount of chlorates, within a root zone of a crop.

Abstract: A method of automatically managing a center pivot irrigation machine comprising steps of: (a) providing at least one center pivot irrigation machine and positioning said center pivot irrigation machine such that said center pivot irrigation machine is movable within an irrigated plot around a center thereof; (b) providing a ground penetration radar; (c) mounting said ground penetration radar on said center pivot irrigation machine; (d) moving said center pivot irrigation machine about said center of said irrigated plot; (e) scanning said irrigated by said ground penetration radar at frequencies ranging between 200-1200 MHz; (f) calculating a distribution of soil moisture over a depth from a soil surface; and (g) creating an irrigation plan according to said distribution.

Abstract: A modular hydroponics gardening apparatus for growing plants without soil includes a water pump in communication with a water source for pumping fluid upwardly through a transfer conduit. The water pump and a lower end of the transfer conduit is positioned in a watertight base member. The apparatus includes growth pods arranged radially inside a midsection member that defines spaced apart apertures, each defining an open end in communication with a respective aperture. A plurality of midsection members may be stacked atop one another. A lid assembly is stacked atop the uppermost midsection member, the transfer conduit extending upwardly from the water pump to the lid assembly where water is pumped and rains down into respective growth pods. An ultraviolet light extends about each midsection and is vertically adjustable for shining its light into respective growth pods. With a timed water supply and controllable light emissions, plant growth is maximized.

Abstract: A system including a plant apparatus for plant growth comprising: an internal volume configured to retain liquid; and an exterior surface having a plurality of indentations that are suitable for retaining seeds therein, wherein the exterior surface is made from a porous material enabling the liquid to seep out from the internal volume to the indentations of the exterior surface, wherein the exterior surface enables proliferation of plants thereacross.

Abstract: A plant growing system including a plant growing apparatus and methods of making and using the plant growing apparatus to control at least one physical condition of the environment to cultivate plants in plant growing trays associated with the plant growing apparatus.

Abstract: A vertical farming structure having vertical grow towers and associated conveyance mechanisms for moving the vertical grow towers through a controlled environment, while being exposed to controlled conditions, such as lighting, airflow, humidity and nutritional support. The present disclosure describes a reciprocating cam mechanism that provides a cost-efficient mechanism for conveying vertical grow towers in the controlled environment. The reciprocating cam mechanism can be arranged to increase the spacing of the grow towers as they are conveyed through the controlled environment to index the crops growing on the towers. The present disclosure also describes a tower shuttle mechanism that provides operational flexibility by decoupling the loading and unloading operations of the grow towers from the vertical farming structure and, therefore, allowing multiple grow towers to be extracted for harvesting in a batch process before loading new grow towers into the vertical farming structure in a separate process.

Abstract: An embodiment of the novel and inventive vertical hydroponic system comprises a double-sided system, each side having two sets of double-door tile panels. Each door is mounted on hinges attached at either the right or left sides of an external support frame with the doors opening out from the middle. Each door in this embodiment may support a 6×4 array of novel and inventive tiles, each tile arranged with two columns of 3 pot supports, each such tile capable of supporting 6 grow pots, for a total of 144 grow pots per door. In this embodiment all four doors can support up to 576 grow pots. However, an infinite number of tile variations are possible with the 2×3 array being just one. The doors can be opened during the growth cycle without disconnecting or interrupting the irrigation components which allows for fast and easy harvesting and maintenance. A submersible pump and its control electronics are mounted in the support framework so the system is self-contained.

Abstract: Growing systems may include a number of modular growing chambers adapted to be configured in a stacked arrangement with each growing chamber surrounding a corresponding portion of the plant. The grow chambers may be selectively added or removed during plant growth, such that different sections of the growing plant may be influenced differently using aeroponic, hydroponic or other growing techniques. The grow chamber stack may be portable and provided with integrated or independent lifting devices to assist an operator in adding or removing chambers from the stack. Three growing processes may be facilitated using such systems. These include a process for producing assorted product from a single plant for simultaneous harvest, a process for producing an extended harvest of a desired size product from a single plant, and a process for extending the productive life of a plant and provide for multiple, continued, and perpetual harvest.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer-readable media that implement an autonomous or semi-autonomous growth platform used to control live cargo exposures to environmental parameters by changing depth in an offshore environment. For example, the growth platform can be lowered at night so that farmed seaweed can perform luxury uptake of nutrients and raised during the daytime so that the farmed seaweed can capture sunlight.

Abstract: The invention discloses a medium combination for a rapid propagation medium for blueberry stein segment tissue, wherein the pre-culture medium takes the MS medium containing 2-(N-morpholine) ethanesulfonic acid as basic medium, comprising 0.1-0.5 mg/L IAA, 0.05-0.6 mg/L CPPU; the rapid culture medium takes the MS medium containing 2-(N-morpholine) ethanesulfonic acid as basic medium, comprising: 0.2-0.5 mg/L ZT; the seedling growth medium takes the MS medium containing 2-(N-morpholine) ethanesulfonic acid as basic medium, comprising: 0.1-2.0 mg/L 2-ip; and the rooting medium takes ½ MS medium as basis medium, comprising: 0.3-4.0 mg/L NAA. The invention further discloses a method of using the above medium combination to conduct rapid propagation of blueberry stein segment tissue, the propagation rate of this method is rapid.

Abstract: The invention relates to the carrot variety designated Purple Royale. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants, and derivatives of the carrot variety Purple Royale. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the carrot variety Purple Royale and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing carrot plants by crossing the carrot variety Purple Royale with itself or another carrot variety and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides Brassica oleracea plants exhibiting broad spectrum resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Such plants may comprise novel introgressed genomic regions associated with disease resistance from Brassica oleracea var. capitata. In certain aspects, compositions, including novel polymorphic markers and methods for producing, breeding, identifying, and selecting plants or germplasm with a disease resistance phenotype are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides seed and plants of corn hybrid SVSC2876 and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds, and tissue cultures of corn hybrid SVSC2876 and the parent lines thereof and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of soybean variety CL1561364, CL1561493, ES1667863, CL1564075, CL1564132, CL1564454, and CL1564197 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean variety CL1561364, CL1561493, ES1667863, CL1564075, CL1564132, CL1564454, and CL1564197 and to the seed, cells, germplasm, plant parts, and progeny of each or any of these cultivars, and methods of using CL1561364, CL1561493, ES1667863, CL1564075, CL1564132, CL1564454, and/or CL1564197 in a breeding program.

Abstract: An automatic milking system including an electronic control unit, a milking station, a production milk tank, a second milk tank, an animal identification system, a first sensor to measure at least one indicator of illness of an animal, a data memory in which measurements are gathered. The control unit configured to register a first point of time at which milk from an animal is diverted to the second tank instead of being conducted to the production milk tank, register a second point of time at which milk from the animal is shifted from being conducted to the second tank to being conducted to the production milk tank, and, when the time period between the first point of time and the second point of time is within a predetermined number days, the control unit determines that the animal is in an illness state.

Abstract: A system for urging a farm animal including a connecting lane between a holding pen and a milking parlor. The connecting lane includes a sweep for urging the farm animal along the connecting lane. The sweep includes a movable body configured to move along the connecting lane and a sweep arm connected with the movable body. The sweep arm being configured to raise and/or lower with respect to the movable body.

Abstract: The first object of the invention is a production line for rearing and/or breeding insects and/or larval forms of insects of the order Coleoptera and/or Diptera, characterized in that it comprises: at least one breeding line (14) for breeding insects for laying feed thereon and a flow-through feed heating and/or cooling system (1) with a closed flow of heating-cooling medium for heating/cooling the feed on the breeding line (14). The second object is a method for breeding insects including a step of rearing and/or breeding insects and/or larval forms of insects using a production line according to the invention. A further object is a method for breeding insects using a flow-through feed heating and/or cooling system during the breeding. Another object is the use of a flow-through feed heating and/or cooling system (1) with a closed flow of heating- cooling medium for heating/cooling the feed on the breeding line (14).

Abstract: Various embodiments of the invention relate to a kit that makes cleaning cat litter boxes easier and more hygienic. The kit comprises numerous stacked filter sheets that can be gathered to form an enclosed bag by use of a drawstring that is threaded around the outer circumference of the filter sheet. Clean litter falls through the filter sheets and the soiled litter can be discarded along with the uppermost of the stacked filter sheets.

Abstract: The present invention is a pet training pad apparatus suitable for excrement training for dichromatic animals. The pet training pad apparatus comprises a pad body and a visually stimulating indicium. The pad body comprises an excretion surface, an absorbent layer, and an impermeable layer. The visually stimulating indicium comprises at least one dichromatic vision detecting element. The absorbent layer is connected between the excretion surface and the impermeable layer. The visually stimulating indicium is connected along the excretion surface, opposite to the impermeable layer. The at least one dichromatic vision detecting element is distributed about the visually stimulating indicium, where the at least one dichromatic vision detecting element is configured to visually attract animals with dichromatic vision.