Abstract: A wheel end assembly and a method of servicing. The wheel end assembly may include a wheel hub, a mounting ring, and a brake rotor. The mounting ring may be removably coupled to the wheel hub with a first set of fasteners. The brake rotor may be removably mounted to the mounting ring with a second set of fasteners.

Abstract: A human-powered vehicle wheel unit adapted to be attached to a human-powered vehicle hub. The wheel unit includes an accommodation portion and a first engagement portion. The accommodation portion is configured to accommodate at least part of the human-powered vehicle hub. The first engagement portion is provided on the accommodation portion. The first engagement portion is configured to transmit rotation of the human-powered vehicle hub to the accommodation portion through engagement with a second engagement portion provided on a flange projecting from an outer circumferential portion of a hub shell of the human-powered vehicle hub.

Abstract: The bicycle hub assembly includes a hub axle, a hub body, a bearing unit, a lock member, and a tool engagement member. The bearing unit is configured to rotatably support the hub body around the hub axle with respect to the rotational center axis. The bearing unit includes an outer race, an inner race and a plurality of rolling members. The lock member prevents the inner race of the bearing unit from rotating relative to the hub axle. The lock member has an outer peripheral surface. The tool engagement member is configured to rotate the inner race of the bearing unit relative to the hub axle. The tool engagement member has an inner peripheral surface. The inner peripheral surface of the tool engagement member is disposed radially outwardly relative to the outer peripheral surface of the lock member.

Abstract: A protective covering is provided for covering an axle of a caster assembly including an exterior side that has an outer wall and an outer sidewall about a perimeter of and extending from the outer wall, and an interior side that has an inner wall recessed within the outer side and an inner sidewall extending from the inner sidewall. A main channel is defined within the recess of the interior side is configured to receive a leg of a bracket of the caster assembly and releasably retain the leg therein such that the protective covering is coupled to a side of the caster assembly. The exterior side preferably partially or entirely covers a hub of a wheel of the caster assembly and thereby reduces the likelihood of debris entering a cavity defined between the hub and the leg thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are a rubber composition for tire tread and a tire manufactured using the same, in which the rubber composition for tire tread comprises a raw material rubber, which comprises a first solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber with a low glass transition temperature (Tg) and a second solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber with a high glass transition temperature (Tg), a reinforcing filler, a silane coupling agent, a functionalized liquid polymer, and a first resin with a high glass transition temperature and a second resin with a low glass transition temperature. The rubber composition for tire tread maximizes the dispersion of silica and the interaction with rubber, and thus, the rubber composition is excellent in all of the properties with respect to wear resistance, low fuel economy, and braking performance.

Abstract: A non-pneumatic tire includes: an inner annular portion; an outer annular portion; a plurality of coupling portions which couple the inner annular portion and the outer annular portion to each other and are provided independently of one another in a tire circumferential direction; at least one annular overall reinforcing layer embedded entirely in the outer annular portion in a tire width direction; and at least one annular partial reinforcing layer embedded only in a part of the outer annular portion in the tire width direction, wherein the outer annular portion includes a connecting region to which the plurality of coupling portions are connected, and a non-connecting region to which the plurality of coupling portions are not connected, in the tire width direction, and wherein the partial reinforcing layer overlaps the non-connecting region in a tire radial direction when viewed from the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: A tire has a tread portion having a second middle land region which is provided with middle lateral grooves and circumferentially divided into middle blocks. Each middle block is provided with two first middle sipes extending from a second shoulder circumferential groove, and one second middle sipe disposed between the two first middle sipes. Each first middle sipe extends in a wavy manner in its depth direction. The second middle sipe extends straight in its depth direction. The second middle sipe extends from the second shoulder circumferential groove and is terminated within the second middle land region.

Abstract: A tire includes a pattern portion on a surface of a sidewall portion. The pattern portion includes an outer pattern and an inner pattern. The outer pattern includes a plurality of outer ridges disposed concentrically around a first point on a tire circumferential line on an outer side in a tire radial direction and extending toward a second point, on the tire circumferential line, which is different from the first point. The inner pattern includes a plurality of inner ridges disposed concentrically around the second point on an inner side in the tire radial direction and extending toward the first point. Each of the outer ridges connects with one of the inner ridges on the tire circumferential line.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a pair of bead cores; a pair of bead fillers; a carcass ply that is suspended between the pair of bead cores; a side wall rubber that is arranged on a tire-outer-surface-side of the carcass ply and constitutes a tire outer surface; a chafer layer that is rolled up from a tire-inner-surface-side to the tire-outer-surface-side of the carcass ply around the bead cores and the bead fillers; and a pad rubber that is arranged between the side wall rubber and the carcass ply to be adjacent to a rolled-up end of the chafer layer in a tire width direction, the pad rubber having a modulus value higher than that of the side wall rubber. The pad rubber includes a constant thickness portion having a substantially constant thickness over a range of 7% or more but not exceeding 26% of a tire reference cross-section height.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pneumatic tire including a film attached to an inner liner, and a plurality of porous sound absorbing members attached to the film and arranged at a predetermined interval. According to the pneumatic tire, occurrence of resonance noise in the tire may be reduced.

Abstract: A tire including a rubber sheet which covers an end of the carcass ply which has been folded back and an RFID tag serving as an electronic component provided between the bead filler and the rubber sheet, in which the bead filler is formed in an annular shape, the rubber sheet is formed in an annular shape by one end side and another end side of a long sheet being joined, and the RFID tag serving as the electronic component is disposed between the bead filler and the rubber sheet at a joint part which is a portion of the rubber sheet which is joined.

Abstract: A tire sensor container system is provided. A tire includes a carcass toroidally extending from a first bead area to a second bead area, and an innerliner formed on an inner surface of the carcass. The tire sensor container system includes a tire pressure monitoring system sensor, which in turn includes a rigid housing that is formed with an oval shape. A flexible container is mounted to the innerliner. The container includes a base and a wall extending radially outwardly from the base, and the wall terminates in a lip. The container wall is formed with an oval shape that cooperates with the shape of the tire pressure monitoring sensor housing. A cavity is defined by the base, the wall, and the lip, and cavity receives and secures the tire pressure monitoring system sensor. The system reduces sensor rotation and maintains consistent sensor orientation to improve sensor functionality and longevity.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for a three-point attachment trailer hitch. An example hitch includes a crossbar including a first end and a second end, the first end or the second end including at least one tab protruding from an edge of the first end or the second end, and a first endplate positioned on the first end or the second end of the crossbar using the at least one tab, the endplate including a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole, a diameter of the second threaded hole larger than a diameter of the first threaded hole.

Abstract: A system and method of raising and lowering a ball coupler for coupling to a ball hitch is provided. A combination of hydraulic pump and hydraulic piston are employed to raise and lower the ball coupler of a gooseneck trailer. Both custom and off the shelf parts combine to create a user friendly system to couple and uncouple a gooseneck trailer to the truck. The system described herein replaces the need to raise and lower a gooseneck trailer's coupling system by hand crank and gear box and even the need to climb into the back of the truck bed. Varying trailer frame configurations and ball coupler sizes can be employed with the present invention. Also described and shown in this provisional is a non-rotating free end hydraulic piston device and method. Also described and shown is a coupling bushing device and method for securing a conventional coupler to piston rod.

Abstract: A hitch vibration dampener assembly and method of use thereof including a tow mount member including a base portion with a vibration dampener pad affixed to the back surface such that coupling of the tow mount member by locked engagement of at least one elongated pin successively received through paired side holes disposed in flanges of a hitch platform channel compresses vibration dampener pad upon the back panel of the hitch platform to thereby reduce the movement between the tow mount member and hitch assembly.

Abstract: A suspension arm bushing provided in a vehicle includes coils. First magnetic viscoelastic elastomers are arranged at both ends in an axial direction of a housing, respectively, to sandwich the coils. A second magnetic viscoelastic elastomer is arranged in the housing so as to be sandwiched between the coils. A controller selectively switches directions of magnetic fields generated by the coils between the same direction and opposite directions.

Abstract: Suspension systems are provided where the lower control arm is allowed to separate from the engine cradle at prescribed conditions to deliver the proper wheel kinematics for select cases while maintaining structural integrity for all other load cases. A system includes a vehicle body structure, a wheel assembly, and a suspension system linking the wheel assembly to the engine cradle. The suspension system includes a link coupled with the engine cradle through a first joint and coupled with the wheel assembly through a second joint. The first joint is configured to release the link from the engine cradle under loads above a threshold force and above a threshold angle of the threshold force at the second joint, to provide the desired kinematics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a first leaf spring bracket having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis which is configured to be secured to a vehicle frame and which receives a rear end portion of a leaf spring so as to allow the leaf spring rear end portion to slide longitudinally relative to the first leaf spring bracket, characterized in that the first leaf spring bracket comprises an insert comprising an insert pad extending transversally and two perpendicular arms, the insert comprising a bottom surface and a top surface and being made of austempered ductile iron, and a bracket comprising a bracket pad extending transversally and two perpendicular arms, the bracket comprising a bottom surface and a top surface, the bottom surface of the bracket pad being configured to receive the top surface of the insert, the bracket being made of spheroidal graphite cast iron.

Abstract: A suspension system for a vehicle includes a spring pad coupled to a spring and configured to support the spring connecting a suspension arm and a vehicle body member of the vehicle, where the spring pad includes: a seat part coupled to an end of the spring; a guide part configured to guide upward and downward movements of the seat part; and an elastic part configured to connect the seat part and the guide part and having a length that varies when the seat part moves. In particular, the spring is consistently supported by being coupled to the seat part of the spring pad even in a situation in which an additional rebound further occurs in a full-rebound situation and the spring deviates from a range in which the spring can be extended, thus preventing withdrawal of the spring connecting the suspension arm and the vehicle body member.

Abstract: A multi-zone climate control system for vehicles includes a front HVAC unit, a powered blower, and a heater core. The front HVAC unit is adapted to condition air provided to first and second front zones. The front HVAC unit further includes a cold air outlet connected to the powered blower. Cold air from the cold air outlet of the front HVAC unit passes through the powered blower and enters the heater core. The heater core is configured to control a temperature of conditioned air supplied to at least one rear zone of the passenger compartment.

Abstract: A method of operating a cooling system for a vehicle including providing a cooling system including a coolant loop having a coolant valve, a first refrigerant loop having a first compressor and a first chiller configured to exchange heat with the coolant loop, a second refrigerant loop having a second compressor and a second chiller configured to exchange heat with the coolant loop, and a cooling system controller operably coupled to the first compressor, the second compressor, and the coolant valve. The coolant valve is configured to selectively direct or prevent the flow of coolant between the battery and each of the first chiller and the second chiller. The method further includes operating the cooling system in one of a second chiller only mode, a first chiller only mode, an air conditioning (AC) only mode, a first refrigerant loop only mode, and a dual refrigerant loop mode.

Abstract: A tie rod including a first tie rod part and a second tie rod part of plastic material, and a joint providing a length-adjustable connection between the first and second tie rod parts is provided. The joint includes a first and a second series of ribs made on the first and second tie rod parts, respectively. The first series of ribs is capable of engaging with the second series of ribs to define a relative longitudinal position of the first and second tie rod parts. The joint further includes a clip hinged to the first tie rod part and carrying the first series of ribs, the clip being foldable to snap onto the first tie rod part to lock an end of the second tie rod part within a seat of the first tie rod part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coolant heater comprising: a heating element for heating coolant; a first housing for accommodating the heating element; a cover plate for sealing the first housing in which the heating element is accommodated; a temperature fuse provided in an external space formed by coupling the first housing and the cover plate, and disposed to be adjacent to the cover plate; and a second housing for pressing the temperature fuse so as to pressurize the same toward the cover plate, wherein overheat sensing responsiveness of the heating element is improved such that the overheat of the heating element can be prevented, and failure factors in a part in which the temperature fuse is coupled are reduced such that a durability is improved.

Abstract: An air vent for ventilating a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. So as to laterally deflect an air current through the air vent, the air vent includes two louvers including non-pivotable blades, which are oriented obliquely to a flow-through direction through the air vent and which can be moved obliquely to the flow-through direction into an air channel of the air vent.

Abstract: A vehicle apparatus configured to selectively position and enclose an opening formed in at least one panel of a vehicle includes a sliding panel and a positioning mechanism. The sliding panel includes an electrical device in communication with a control circuit of the vehicle and the positioning mechanism is configured to slidably position the sliding panel along a positioning track between an open position and a closed position. A control connection is configured to transmit control signals between the control circuit of the vehicle and the electrical device. The control connection extends from a portion of the vehicle to a connection interface of the electrical device, and the connection apparatus is configured to communicate a control signal to adjust an operating state of the electrical device in both the open position and the closed position.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an anti-glare device, a control method and a vehicle. The anti-glare device includes a sensing circuit, a driving circuit and an electrically-controlled color-variable thin film. The sensing circuit is configured to acquire status information about the vehicle in a running state. The driving circuit is configured to generate a driving signal for the electrically-controlled color-variable thin film in accordance with the status information. The electrically-controlled color-variable thin film is arranged on a front windshield of the vehicle and configured to change a transmittance to external light beam in accordance with the driving signal.

Abstract: A light control system for a windshield can change a visible light transmittance of an upper part and a non-upper part of each of a front windshield, a right side windshield, and a left side windshield. A controller that controls a change includes a mode changing unit that changes a mode depending on whether a vehicle is not in a driving state or in a driving state. When the vehicle is not in a driving state, a change of reducing the visible light transmittance of the upper part and the non-upper part to be lower than a predetermined value is permitted. When the vehicle is in a driving state, a change of reducing the visible light transmittance of the upper part to be lower than the predetermined value is permitted and a change of reducing the visible light transmittance of the non-upper part to be lower than the predetermined value is prohibited.

Abstract: Aside door structure for a vehicle includes a door beam that has hollow sections which are open at two ends in a longitudinal direction, and a hinge reinforcement member including a bent plate body in a crank shape that is joined to one of a front end and a rear end of the door beam. The hinge reinforcement member forms the crank shape by integrally forming a middle portion that closes an opening in the one of the front end and the rear end of the door beam and is joined to a stepped vertical wall of an inner panel of a side door, an outer end portion that is joined to a stepped outer side wall of the inner panel and an outer wall of the door beam, and an inner end portion that is joined to an inner wall of the door beam.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hydrophobic automobile rubber seal strip flocking belt and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flocking belt comprises a flocking belt film, flocking belt glue, villi and flocking paint; the flocking glue is roller-coated or sprayed on the flocking film to form a flocking glue layer; and the villi is implanted on the flocking glue layer by high voltage static electricity in electrostatic chamber. The flocking coating is roller-coated or sprayed on the villi to form a flocking coating which comprises fluorosilicone modified waterborne polyurethane resin, polyurethane modified acrylic emulsion, organic molybdenum, organic silicon, curing agent and solvent. Accordingly, the preparation method includes such steps as film forming, glue applying, electrostatic flocking, flocking curing, spraying or roller-coating, and coating curing, etc.

Abstract: A drivetrain system includes a first drive gear driven by a first motor and a second drive gear driven by a second motor. The first drive gear and the second drive gear are arranged along the axis. The first drive gear includes a first extension and the second drive gear includes a second extension arranged radially within and axially overlapping the first extension. The drivetrain system includes a system of bearings arranged between the first drive gear and the second drive gear, either drive gear and a stationary component, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the drivetrain system includes a clutch assembly arranged between the first drive gear and the second drive gear that interfaces to the first drive gear and to the second drive gear. The clutch assembly allows the drive gears to be locked or otherwise engaged to improve torque transfer.

Abstract: A traction battery pack support system includes, among other things, a vehicle frame rail of an electrified vehicle, a traction battery pack, a vibration isolator that is disposed outside an interior of the vehicle frame rail and is at least partially vertically aligned with the vehicle frame rail, and at least one fastener that couples the traction battery pack to the vehicle frame rail through the vibration isolator.

Abstract: A shift control method for an automated manual transmission (AMT) of a vehicle includes: when a shift operation is started, a torque of the second motor is increased so that a change in an output torque of the output shaft due to a change in a torque of the first motor is minimized while the torque of the first motor is being decreased. According to the shift control method, the increased torque of the second motor is maintained to be constant while controlling transmission release, speed synchronization, and transmission coupling. After the control over the transmission coupling is completed, the torque of the second motor is controlled so that the output torque of the output shaft follows a predetermined target torque while the torque of the first motor is controlled to be increased.

Abstract: A hybrid drive system for a motor vehicle includes an input shaft, which introduces torques from an internal combustion engine into the hybrid drive system and which is mounted rotatably around an axis of rotation. An output shaft is arranged coaxially to the input shaft. The system also includes an electric machine having a stator and a rotor, and a hub non-rotatably connected to the rotor. The system further includes a wet clutch which has a first actuating piston. The hub is formed as a one-piece forged part and has a first running surface for the first actuating piston. The wet clutch is provided to non-rotatably connect the hub to the output shaft.

Abstract: A hybrid drive train for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine, an electric machine, a first clutch, which is provided for coupling a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine to the rotor, and a second further clutch, which is designed as a wet clutch and which has a clutch cover. A screw connection is provided for non-rotatably connecting the rotor to the clutch cover, which screw connection includes a screw, which is substantially arranged in an axial direction and which at least partially penetrates a connecting piece non-rotatably fastened to the clutch cover.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a transmission device of a hybrid vehicle. The transmission device includes an input shaft assembly, a power generation motor input shaft assembly, a driving motor input shaft assembly, an output shaft assembly, a clutch, an accelerating planetary gear train, a decelerating planetary gear train, and a parking mechanism. The input shaft assembly is located at a front end of the transmission device. The power generation motor input shaft assembly is located between the accelerating planetary gear train and the driving motor input shaft assembly. The driving motor input shaft assembly is located between the power generation motor input shaft assembly and the decelerating planetary gear train. The output shaft assembly is located at a tail end of the transmission device. The clutch is located between a power generation motor and a driving motor.

Abstract: A single-wheel drive component for a motor vehicle, having a drive assembly and a wheel carrier, on which a wheel hub, which can be driven by the drive assembly, is rotatably mounted by a wheel bearing. At least one assembly support for mounting the drive assembly on a body of the motor vehicle originates from the drive assembly. It is provided in this case that an assembly bearing for elastic mounting of the drive assembly on the body is arranged on the assembly support. At least one control arm is articulated on the wheel bearing on one side and on the assembly support on the other side, in order to mount the wheel carrier.

Abstract: Adjustment device for adjusting an air influencing element of a motor vehicle between at least a first position and a second position, comprising a driving unit for adjusting the air influencing element between at least the first position and the second position, provided with an input shaft and an output shaft which is at a distance from the axis of the input shaft, wherein the driving unit has a first part which is provided around the input shaft of the driving unit, and has a second part which is provided around the output shaft of the driving unit, wherein the adjustment device is furthermore provided with a failsafe mechanism, wherein the failsafe mechanism engages the first part of the driving unit.

Abstract: A fuel tank includes a tank body and a built-in component, which has a head portion, a neck portion, and a shoulder portion, the built-in component being anchored to the tank body with a parison wrapped around the neck portion during molding of the tank body. The head portion and the neck portion are formed with at least one hollowed portion, which is open to an end surface of the head portion, and a cap member is provided to seal an opening of the at least one hollowed portion.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a frame, front and rear wheels, a powertrain comprising an engine and transmission, and various other systems and components. The frame includes various features for supporting components and systems of the vehicle. For example, a rear portion of the frame is configured to support a utility bed, a portion of a cooling system, a portion of an air intake system, and a portion of an exhaust system.

Abstract: A method of controlling posture of a vehicle is provided to determine a minute tendency of understeer or oversteer of the vehicle and to control the posture of the vehicle when recognizing the minute tendency of the understeer or oversteer while driving the vehicle straight. The includes determining whether torque is applied to drive wheels while driving the vehicle and acquiring equivalent inertia information of a drive system in real time based on drive system operation information in response to determining that the torque is being applied to the drive wheels. The understeer or oversteer of the vehicle is determined from the equivalent inertia information obtained in real-time.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an apparatus or a system for generating energy in response to a vehicle wheel rotation. The apparatus or the system may include a roller configured to be positioned in substantial physical contact within a groove of a wheel of the vehicle. The roller may be configured to rotate in response to a rotation of the wheel. The apparatus or the system may further include a flexible arm rotatably couplable to the roller such that rotation of the roller causes the flexible arm to rotate. The flexible arm may be configured to exert a downward force on the roller to increase the friction between the roller and the groove of the wheel. The apparatus or the system may further include a first generator operably coupled to the flexible arm and configured to generate an electrical output based on the rotation of the flexible arm shaft and convey the electrical output to an energy storage device or vehicle motor.

Abstract: An electronic throttle control pedal assembly includes a housing having a friction generating surface, a pedal arm, a spring carrier, and at least one spring. The pedal arm includes a hub portion and a friction generating member. The friction generating member has a lobe connected to a cross member and is positioned on a side surface of the hub portion. The cross member extends within the hub portion. The spring carrier has a friction generating portion. As the pedal arm is depressed, a portion of the spring carrier engages the friction generating portion against the cross member positioned within the hub aperture and pivotally engages a portion of the lobe of the friction generating member against the friction generating surface of the housing thereby creating at least two independent friction generating surfaces to create a hysteresis proportional to the depression of the pedal arm.

Abstract: An indoor display apparatus of a vehicle may include a vehicle state inputter configured to receive a vehicle state, a front detector configured to detect an object ahead of a vehicle, a flip-dot display installed at a top of a cockpit module, and being configured to implement a pixel by rotating a flip disk, an illuminator installed around the flip-dot display, and being configured to illuminate the surface of the flip-dot display, and a controller configured to receive an operation mode of the vehicle from the vehicle state inputter, to receive a distance to the object and a direction of the object from the front detector, and to operate the flip-dot display and the illuminator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a vehicular work machine (10) comprising a first electric motor arrangement (31) comprising one or more electric motors (21, 21?), and a second electric motor arrangement (32) comprising one or more electric motors (22, 22?) separate from said one or more electric motors (21, 21?) of the first electric motor arrangement (31). The vehicular work machine (10) further comprises a power connection (8) adapted to be connected to an external electric power source (17), an energy storage arrangement (23) and a hydraulic pump assembly (24) that is adapted to power hydraulic devices (5, 18, 19, 20) comprised in the vehicular work machine (10). At least one electric motor (21, 21?; 22, 22?) in each electric motor arrangement (31, 32) is adapted to propel the hydraulic pump assembly (24).

Abstract: A battery module includes a lower housing and a plurality of battery cells. The plurality of battery cells are electrically coupled together to produce a voltage. The module also includes an assembly disposed over the battery cells and coupled to the lower housing. The assembly may include a lid and a plurality of bus bar interconnects mounted on the lid. The module also includes a printed circuit board (PCB) assembly disposed on and coupled to the assembly. The PCB assembly may include a PCB. The module also includes a cover disposed over and coupled to the lower housing to hermetically seal the battery module. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing the battery module.

Abstract: An inverter controller includes a processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to obtain a command rotation speed transmitted repeatedly from outside of the inverter controller, count a command obtaining interval that is a period from a point in time where an old command rotation speed was obtained to a point in time where a new command rotation speed is obtained, set a target acceleration of the electric motor when the command rotation speed has been obtained, and control the inverter circuit such that the electric motor rotates at the set target acceleration. The processing circuitry is configured to calculate a command acceleration based on the counted command obtaining interval and the new command rotation speed, the command acceleration being set as the target acceleration.

Abstract: Pulsed control of electric motors, and more particularly, to selectively adjusting one or more of a pulsing frequency, an amplitude of the pulses and/or a duty cycle of the pulses for reducing Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) while maintaining high levels of operating efficiency.

Abstract: The exemplified systems and methods provide fixed and exchangeable energy storage and delivery system in an electrified vehicle architecture with multi-mode controls. The exchangeable energy storage are configured to be optional and ultra-portable. The integration of fixed and exchangeable energy storage provides a vehicle configuration that is further optimized for size, weight, and convenience.

Abstract: Various disclosed embodiments include illustrative controller units, direct current fast charging (DCFC) units, and methods. In an illustrative embodiment, a controller unit includes a controller and a memory configured to store computer-executable instructions. The computer-executable instructions are configured to cause the controller to determine status of a power electronics module (PEM) of a direct current fast charging (DCFC) unit, and instruct the PEM to control power quality of a three-phase alternating current (AC) grid power signal in response to the determined status being available.

Abstract: A chargeability presenting method which includes before start of transmitting first electric power to an electric vehicle, wirelessly supplying second electric power to a charging space, detecting whether heat is generated by a foreign object in the charging space after the second electric power is transmitted, and before start of transmitting the first electric power, presenting chargeability information that is generated based on vehicle presence information and foreign object information, the vehicle presence information indicating whether the charging space is vacant, and the foreign object information indicating whether the heat is detected in the charging space.