Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an apparatus and method for recovering ethanol from a fermentation broth. The fermentation broth comprises microbial biomass, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, at least one thiol, and at least one compound having 3 or more carbon atoms. The method comprises separating at least microbial biomass from the fermentation broth to generate a process stream; removing, in any order, from the process stream: ethyl acetate by reacting ethyl acetate with a base compound followed by distillation; at least one thiol by adsorption or reaction to disulfide; methanol by distillation; compounds having 3 or more carbon atoms by distillation; and recovering ethanol by distillation; wherein the distillations may be conducted in a single column or two or more columns.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline polymorphs of Tapinarof, e.g., Tapinarof crystalline Form B, Form C, and Form D, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, processes for preparation thereof, and uses thereof for treatment of skin disorders.

Abstract: A method for preparing 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene is provided. According to the method, when a 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene synthesis reaction is carried out at a specific temperature, the amount of heat used in the preparing process can be minimized while attaining the same yield as that of the existing preparing method. In addition, waste solvent generated in the preparing process does not undergo a color change and thus can be reused, and thus energy saving effects can be provided.

Abstract: Ligands for use with catalyst compositions used in hydroformylation reactions are described herein. The ligands are used with various solvents and achieve an increase in isoselectivity with an increase in temperature.

Abstract: A process for producing branched alcohols through isomerization, hydroformylation and hydrogenation.

Abstract: A process for preparing C5 aldehydes involves hydroformylation of butenes with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst system and a solvent. It is a feature of the process that the aldehyde concentration in the reaction mixture is limited.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for preparing carbaprostacyclin analogues and intermediates prepared from the processes. The invention also relates to cyclopentenone intermediates in racemic or optically active form.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for preparing carbaprostacyclin analogues and intermediates prepared from the processes. The invention also relates to cyclopentenone intermediates in racemic or optically active form.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a formate, the method including reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide, a hydrogen carbonate or a carbonate using a catalyst in the presence of a solvent, wherein the reaction is a two-phase system in which an organic solvent and an aqueous solvent are present in a separated state in the solvent, and the catalyst is at least one selected from a ruthenium complex represented by the formula (1) in the specification, a tautomer or stereoisomer thereof, and a salt compound of the complex, tautomer or stereoisomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new co-crystal of Ketoprofen, Lysine and Gabapentin, to pharmaceutical compositions and to their use in the prevention, reduction or treatment of pain and/or inflammation.

Abstract: A photoresist composition, a method of forming a pattern, and a method of synthesizing 6-nitrochrysene, the photoresist composition includes a polymer resin; a photo acid generator; a quencher; an organic solvent; and an etching resistance enhancer, wherein the etching resistance enhancer is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1,

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the catalytic reduction of nitro compounds to their corresponding amine products with bisulfite as the reductant or chemicals that can be converted into bisulfite under reaction condition. This novel process uses non-Noble metal catalysts and affords quantitative conversion for numerous different kinds of nitro compounds under mild reaction conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process (100) for conversion of N-tertiary butyl acrylamide to tert-butylamine and salts of propionic acid. The process comprises of first selectively reducing the vinylic double bond in N-tertiary butyl acrylamide by catalytic hydrogenation of an alcoholic solution of N-tertiary butyl acrylamide to provide N-tertiary butyl propanamide; recovering the hydrogenation catalyst by filtering the solution and treating the solution with an alkali to produce N-tertiary butylamine and corresponding alkali salt of propionic acid. The process converts of N-tertiary butyl acrylamide into value added products at milder reaction conditions, without producing any hazardous byproducts and effluents.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and an organic light emitting device including the same.

Abstract: Near-ultraviolet (NUV) absorbing compounds are described herein which, in some embodiments, provide enhanced optoelectronic properties and visible light transmittances when employed as organic electron donors in various photovoltaic architectures. Photovoltaic devices incorporating such NUV-absorbing compounds in the active layer are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for isolating 2-(4?-diethylamino-2?-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid hexyl ester with a high purity and low phthalic acid dialkyl ester content.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed synthetic methods for the preparation of 4-valyloxybutyric acid. The synthetic methods described herein employ a diverse array of protecting group strategies and reaction conditions. Additionally, the present disclosure is directed to compounds useful as synthetic intermediates in the preparation of 4-valyloxybutyric acid.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to synthesis of an mRNA delivery agent, in particular to a reaction of a related amino compound with ethylene oxide in the presence of ytterbium triflate.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes compositions, preparations, nanoparticles (such as lipid nanoparticles), and/or nanomaterials and methods of their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds for stabilising the native tetrameric form of transthyretin and protecting it from proteolytic cleavage; compounds for use in the prevention and treatment of transthyretin amyloidosis; and agents and medicaments comprising such compounds. The compounds are based on a general structure A-L-B, wherein A is a group of formula (II) or of formula (III): or of formula (IV) or of formula (V) B is a group of formula (III), (IV), or (V), or a group of formula (VI) or a group of formula —R10Z, wherein: Z is selected from —CO2R?, —CONR?R?, —SO2R? wherein R? and R? are independently H or C1-C4 alkyl; and R10 is a C1-C4 alkylene or alkenylene group; and L represents a linker group which is a saturated or unsaturated chain of 5 to 13 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides omadacycline crystalline freebase and methods of synthesis thereof. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising omadacycline crystalline freebase and methods of use thereof for treating bacterial infections. The present invention also provides methods of purifying crude omadacycline freebase that comprise crystallization to produce crystalline omadacycline freebase. The omadacycline crystalline freebase may also be used to prepare salts of omadacycline, e.g., a tosylate salt.

Abstract: The diamine composition according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a benzylmonoamine having a methyl group in an amount of 10 ppm to 2,000 ppm in the composition. When it is used for the preparation of a diisocyanate composition and an optical material, it is possible to improve the optical characteristics by preventing the occurrence of yellowing, striae, and cloudiness in the optical material and enhancing the mechanical properties such as impact resistance at the same time. In addition, in the process for preparing a diisocyanate composition according to another embodiment, the b* value according to the CIE color coordinate of a diamine composition is adjusted to a specific range, whereby it is possible to enhance not only the yield and purity of the diisocyanate composition but also the optical characteristics of the final optical lens. Thus, the process for preparing a diisocyanate composition can be applied to the preparation of a plastic optical lens of high quality.

Abstract: Provided herein are processes for synthesizing mcl-1 inhibitors and intermediates such as compound Z that can be used to prepare them. In particular, provided herein are processes for synthesizing compound A1, and salts or solvates thereof and compound A2, and salts and solvates thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfatized esteramines obtainable by a process comprising step a), wherein at least one alcohol containing at least two hydroxy groups (compound (A)) is reacted with at least one lactam (compound (B)) and with sulfuric acid (compound (C)). The present invention also relates to a process for preparing such sulfatized esteramines.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds and compositions for use in treatment or prevention of an inflammatory bowel disease, gastrointestinal cancer, or a systemic bacterial infection in a subject in need thereof. The subject may be colonized by one or more pathogenic bacterial strains such as B. fragilis, E. faecalis, or C. perfringens. In certain aspects, the disclosure provides a method of diminishing the pathogenic effects of these bacterial strains by administering a compound that binds to and/or inhibits one or more toxins produced thereby.

Abstract: The present invention provides, in part, TES-based lipid compounds of Formula (Ia), and sub-formulas thereof: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds provided herein can be useful for delivery and expression of mRNA and encoded protein, e.g., as a component of liposomal delivery vehicle, and accordingly can be useful for treating various diseases, disorders and conditions, such as those associated with deficiency of one or more proteins.

Abstract: A compound represented by Formula (1) below or a salt thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hemifumarate salt of 1-(4-{1-[(E)-4-cyclohexyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxyimino]-ethyl}-2-ethy-l-benzyl)-azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (Compound I), to pharmaceutical compositions comprising this salt, to processes for forming this salt and to its use in medical treatment. In addition, the present invention also relates to new polymorphic forms of the hemifumarate salt form of Compound I, as well as to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these polymorphic forms, to processes for obtaining them, and their use in medical treatment.

Abstract: The present invention composition features pharmaceutically acceptable salts of psilocin and compositions thereof. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of psilocin may be used to treat a disease or condition, such as a neurological injury, an inflammatory condition, chronic pain, or a psychological condition, in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel C4-carboxylic acid-substituted tryptamine derivative compounds and pharmaceutical and recreational drug formulations containing the same. The pharmaceutical formulations may be used to treat brain neurological disorders.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, R9, X, Y, Z, W, and m are defined herein. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to chemical compounds and to the use of such compounds in the treatment of diseases associated with a serotonin 5-HT2 receptor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an indole derivative shown in general formula (I-1) and its use in preparing drugs for preventing and/or treating indications of S1P receptor related disorders. The indole derivative of the invention is replaced by R1, R2, R5, and R6 at different sites respectively, and the obtained modified indole derivative has excellent biological activity and is an ideal S1P receptor regulator with high efficiency. Compounds of general formula (I-1) can be used to treat and/or prevent Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, alopecia areata, primary cholangitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, graft-versus-host disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type I diabetes arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, scleroderma, autoimmune hepatitis, acne, microbial infection, viral infection, and other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Provided are a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1A, an organic light-emitting device including the same, and an electronic apparatus including the organic light-emitting device: wherein a detailed description of Formula 1A is provided in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of strobilurin type compounds of formula I and the N-oxides and the salts thereof for combating phytopathogenic fungi containing an amino acid substitution F129L in the mitochondrial cytochrome b protein (also referred to as F129L mutation in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene) conferring resistance to Qo inhibitors, and to methods for combating such fungi. The invention also relates to novel compounds, processes for preparing these compounds, to compositions comprising at least one such compound, and to seeds coated with at least one such compound.

Abstract: In general, among other things, compounds of Formula I are provided: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Other compounds are also provided. Methods of diagnosis and treatment are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improved processes for preparing 4-amino-6-(heterocyclic)picolinates.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds that are cGAS antagonists, methods of preparation of the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and their use in medical therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), their pharmaceutical compositions and uses, in particular for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases mediated by bile acid receptors, FXR and GPBAR1, and cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (CysLTR).

Abstract: 4-Hydroxyphenyl-2H-indazol-5-ol compounds are estrogen receptor beta ligands that have immunomodulatory properties and increase oligodendrocyte survival, differentiation, and remyelination. The compounds, compositions, and kits are useful in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and endometriosis.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to small molecule modulators of NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NL-RP3), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isotopically enriched analog, stereoisomer, mixture of stereoisomers, or prodrug thereof, methods of making and intermediates thereof, and methods of using thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure encompasses solid state forms of Gefapixant, in embodiments crystalline polymorphs or salts or co-crystals of Gefapixant, processes for preparation thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel quinazoline derivative having fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitory activity, and a use thereof. A novel quinazoline derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to the present invention, exhibits excellent inhibitory activity against FLT3, and thus targeted treatment through more fundamental approaches is expected in the prevention or treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Abstract: Compounds having Structure I are provided for treating diseases and disorders for which inhibition or modulation of the Ubiquitin Ligase COP1 enzyme produces a physiologically beneficial response, in particular for the treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). These compounds having Structure I are capable of increasing the level of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Also provided is the process of preparing compounds having Structure I.

Abstract: The present invention provides, in part, piperazine-based lipid compounds of Formula (I), and sub-formulas thereof: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds provided herein can be useful for delivery and expression of mRNA and encoded protein, e.g., as a component of liposomal delivery vehicle, and accordingly can be useful for treating various diseases, disorders and conditions, such as those associated with deficiency of one or more proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crystalline form of (2R,3S)-N-((3S)-5-(3-fluorophenyl)-9-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl)-2,3-bis(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)succinimide, represented by the structure of Compound (1), wherein the crystalline form comprises N-2 crystalline form, IPA2-1 crystalline form, M3-1 crystalline form, P4 crystalline form, P5 crystalline form, P6 crystalline form, or any combination thereof. The present invention also provides processes for the preparation of a the crystalline form, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of the crystalline forms.

Abstract: Carbobicyclic nucleoside compounds useful for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), RSV and other viral infections are provided. The carbobicyclic nucleoside compound may be a compound as set forth herein. Pharmaceutical formulations useful for treatment of COVID-19 and RSV are also described.

Abstract: Provided are organic compounds including a structure of formula (I). Also provided are mixtures containing the organic compounds. Further provided are organic electronic devices containing the organic compounds or mixtures.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds that activate CFTR and methods for treating constipation, dry eye disorders, and other diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed are an aniline anhydride, a preparation method therefor, and a polyaminoacid graft chain. In the presence of an acid binding agent, an addition-elimination reaction is carried out between N-phenyl amino acid and Boc anhydride to obtain N-phenyl-Boc-glycine; and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the N-phenyl-Boc-glycine is subject to cyclization to obtain the aniline anhydride. The polyaminoacid graft chain can be obtained using the aniline anhydride disclosed by means of chemical grafting and thus be covalently bonded with fiber. The fastness is high, the wearability of fabric is not affected, and the problem of low fastness of water-repellent fabric obtained by coating is solved. The polyaminoacid graft chain is biocompatible, naturally degradable and environmentally friendly, and is consistent with the current trend of developing green chemicals.