Abstract: A military vehicle includes a chassis, a front axle, a rear axle, an energy storage system, an engine, a transmission, and a motor. The chassis includes a passenger capsule, a front module coupled to a front end of the passenger capsule, and a rear module coupled to a rear end of the passenger capsule. The passenger capsule defines a tunnel extending longitudinally along a bottom thereof. The front module includes a front subframe assembly. The rear module includes a rear subframe assembly. The front axle is coupled to the front subframe assembly. The rear axle is coupled to the rear subframe assembly. The engine is supported by the front subframe assembly. The transmission is positioned within the tunnel and coupled to the front axle and/or the rear axle. The motor is at least partially positioned within the tunnel and positioned between the engine and the transmission.

Abstract: A drive arrangement for a vehicle, the drive arrangement comprising a rotatable interface arranged to be mounted to the vehicle, wherein the rotatable interface is rotatably coupled to a mounting arm to allow continuous rotation of the mounting arm in a clockwise and anti clockwise direction that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse axis of the vehicle; and a first electric motor having a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator is coupled to the mounting arm to allow the axis of the rotor to be substantially perpendicular to the rotational axis of the rotatable interface, wherein the rotor is arranged to be coupled to a wheel of the vehicle to allow the electric motor to provide drive torque to the wheel.

Abstract: A drive device for an electric truck provided with double-tires, the drive device including drive units provided to each of the double-tires on left and right sides of the electric truck, each of the drive units including a drive unit housing integrally accommodating a motor that generates drive power, a reducer that reduces a rotation speed of the motor, and a final gear that is connected to the reducer and transfers the drive power of the motor to a drive shaft of the double-tire. The drive device further including suspension parts one integrally integrated with above the final gear in the drive unit housing of each of the drive units and steering gear parts one integrally integrated with above each of the suspension parts and being configured to be steerable the double-tire.

Abstract: A cart may include a driving wheel, a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel, a motor drive circuit configured to drive the motor, a motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the motor, a control device configured to control the motor via the motor drive circuit and the motor brake circuit so that a travelling speed of the cart becomes equal to or lower than an upper limit travelling speed, and a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of the motor brake circuit. The control device may be configured to change the upper limit travelling speed to a second upper limit travelling speed lower than the first upper limit travelling speed when the upper limit travelling speed is a first upper limit travelling speed and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a first predetermined temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an electric energy store (1), to an electric energy store (1), and to a device, having an electric energy storage module (18), a switch unit (4), and a first and second connection (5, 7). The method has the following steps which follow one another chronologically: in a first step, a signal of a sensor of the electric energy store (1) is evaluated; in a second step, a critical state of the electric energy store (1) is ascertained; in a third step, an electrically conductive connection between the electric energy storage module (18) and the first and second connection (5, 7) is interrupted in the charge direction by means of the switch unit (4), while simultaneously the electrically conductive connection between the electric energy storage module (18) and the first and second connection (5, 7) remains connected in the discharge direction.

Abstract: An apparatus in which electric power is generated for an electrical load from differentials in electric field strengths within a vicinity of powerlines includes: a plurality of electrodes separated and electrically insulated from one another for enabling differentials in voltage resulting from differentials in electric field strength experienced there at; and electrical components electrically connected therewith and configurable to establish one or more electric circuits whereby voltage differentials cause a current to flow through the established electric circuit for powering the electrical load.

Abstract: Techniques control a utility vehicle. Such techniques involve storing electric power in a lithium battery of the utility vehicle. Such techniques further involve operating a motor controller of the utility vehicle in a normal mode in which the motor controller provides electric power from a lithium battery of the utility vehicle to an electric motor of the utility vehicle to turn one or more ground engaging members of the utility vehicle. Such techniques further involve, after operating the motor controller in the normal operating mode, operating the motor controller in a walkaway mode in which the motor controller configures the electric motor to provide braking torque.

Abstract: A conduit inspection tool system includes a conduit inspection tool that includes a body that includes one or more wheels configured to move the body through and in contact with a conduit; at least two power generating sub-systems coupled to the body, each of the at least two power generating sub-systems configured to generate electrical power to operate the one or more wheels to move the body through and in contact with the conduit; and at least one energy storage device electrically coupled to the at least two power generating sub-systems, the at least one energy storage device configured to store electrical power generated by the at least two power generating sub-systems; and a control system communicably coupled to the at least two power generating sub-systems and the at least one energy storage device.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling charging of an electric vehicle is configured to calculate a rotor torque expected to occur during charging based on an angle of a rotor provided in a driving motor before charging is performed by multiple input voltages, and allow charging to be performed after inducing the rotor torque to be less than a reference torque by moving the electric vehicle a specified distance to correct the rotor angle when the calculated rotor torque is greater than the reference torque so as to avoid deterioration or damage to a parking sprag. As a result, it is possible to prevent the parking sprag from being damaged by the rotor torque generated during charging so as to avoid the occurrence of an accident.

Abstract: An electric vehicle charging connector, including a set of pins, a sensor, and a controller. The set of pins may include a DC pin, wherein the DC pin is configured to supply DC power to a charging port, wherein the charging port comprises a locking mechanism. The sensor can detect power flow from the pins to the charging port. The controller is communicatively connected to the sensor and configured to receive a signal from the sensor and send a locking signal to a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism comprises an engaged state wherein the charging connector is mechanically coupled to the charging port and a disengaged state wherein the charging connector is mechanically uncoupled form the charging port, wherein the locking mechanism is configured to receive a locking signal from the controller of the charging connector and enter the engaged state.

Abstract: The invention relates to a line set (4) for a charging station (1) for charging electrical energy stores of motor vehicles (2), comprising a charging cable (5) which, at a free end, has a connecting plug (6) for electrical connection to the motor vehicle (2), wherein the charging cable (5) has one or more electric lines (19) which are jointly covered by an electrically insulating sheath (9). The sheath (9) has at least one electric test line (11, 12) extending along the charging cable (5) and electrically insulated from the lines (19).

Abstract: Examples described herein provide a method that includes determining whether a vehicle is operating in a first high voltage mode or a second high voltage mode. The method further includes, responsive to determining that the vehicle is operating in the first high voltage mode, providing electric power to an electric motor at a first high voltage and providing electric power to an auxiliary device at a second high voltage that is different than the first high voltage. The method further includes, responsive to determining that the vehicle is operating in the second high voltage mode, providing electric power to the electric motor at the second high voltage and providing electric power to the auxiliary device at the second high voltage.

Abstract: An energy conversion device is provided, including a motor coil (11), a bridge arm converter (12), and a bidirectional bridge arm (13). The bridge arm converter (12) is connected to the motor coil (11) and the bidirectional bridge arm (13). The motor coil (11), the bridge arm converter (12), and the bidirectional bridge arm (13) are all connected to an external charging port (10). Both the bridge arm converter (12) and the bidirectional bridge arm (13) are connected to an external battery 200. The motor coil (11), the bridge arm converter (12), and the external charging port (10) form a DC charging circuit for charging the external battery 200. The motor coil (11), the bridge arm converter (12), the bidirectional bridge arm (13), and the external charging port (10) form an AC charging circuit for charging the external battery (200). The motor coil (11), the bridge arm converter (12), and the external battery (200) form a motor drive circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicles, and provides an electric vehicle and an integrated controller and an integrated control system therefor. The integrated controller includes: a first control chip, including a first core and a second core, where the first core is configured to control an electronic control module to drive a motor, and the second core is used as a vehicle controller; and a second control chip, configured to control an on-board charging module, so that an external AC power supply realizes AC charging for a power battery, or the power battery realizes AC discharging to an external load through an AC charging and discharging port.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for scheduling and distributing power for electric vehicle chargers, through enabling and disabling a plurality of relays at a system. One of the criteria to allow an authenticated user to use an electric vehicle charger is whether there is enough electricity capacity. When the user is allowed to use a scheduled electric vehicle charger, its location is then sent to the user. Alert messages can be generated if charging does not begin within a first time limit and the cancellation of a reservation will take place if the second time limit is reached.

Abstract: A direct current (DC) electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) that includes a secure enclosure. The secure enclosure encloses a set of one or more contactors to open and close to provide DC charge transfer with one or more electric vehicles; a conductor to electrically connect the contactors with DC input; a current sensor to measure current draw; a voltage sensing circuitry to measure voltage; and one or more circuits that receive current data from the current sensor and voltage data from the voltage sensing circuitry, the one or more circuits to perform one or more safety functions and one or more metering functions using the received current data and voltage data. The DC EVSE may also include, external to the secure enclosure, a controller that is coupled with the circuits to control the opening and closing of the set of contactors.

Abstract: Disclosed are an automatic recharging method, a device, a storage medium and a system, which belong to the field of computer technology. The method may include: starting an image acquisition component to acquire an automatic recharging image during an automatic recharging process; determining, when the automatic recharging image contains a feature identification, the relative positional relationship between a charging surface of a charging base and the automatic recharging device based on the position of the feature identification in the automatic recharging image; displaying the feature identification on the charging surface of the charging base; determining a movement direction of the automatic recharging device based on the relative positional relationship, to make the automatic recharging device move toward the charging surface of the charging base.

Abstract: A charging system for a battery powered vehicle may include a memory configured to maintain customer accounts, and a processor configured to receive requests from a first customer at a charging station for an increased rate of charge, transmit the request to at least one other customer at the charging station in response to verification of the customer account associated with the first customer; and instruct the charging station to increase the rate of charge for the first customer and decrease the rate of charge for the at least one other customer in response to the at least one other customer accepting the request.

Abstract: An example operation includes one or more of determining, by a station, a first group of transports in need of charge and a second group of transports capable of providing charge, prioritizing, by the station, at least one transport of the second group to come to the station at a time prior to when at least one transport of the first group comes to the station, receiving, at the station, a first amount of charge from the at least one transport of the second group, and providing, from the station, a second amount of charge to the at least one transport of the first group.

Abstract: An adaptive electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) unit provides intelligent control to vary the EVSE load placed upon the local electric connection based upon real time load measurements of both the overall premises load and the specific capacities and requirements of the EVSE. The EVSE unit includes a current power transformer at the main service entry point to capture real time power level at the meter. Additional real time current measurements are available within unit to measure the real time output power on the AC legs going to a vehicle. The unit is configured to a controller module which measure and controls the pilot signal output based on a comparison of the power level at the meter with the power level at the EVSE unit against the desired or required power output to the vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is a battery management system of an electric vehicle suitable for a sharing service. A battery management system 100 includes: an electric vehicle 2 capable of travelling by driving a motor with an exchangeable battery 1; a battery station 3 capable of charging the battery 1 by adjusting a charging speed; and a management server 4 connected to the electric vehicle 2 and the battery station 3 through a communication network. The management server 4 quantitatively evaluates exchangeability of the battery 1 stored in the battery station 3, on the basis of at least a position of the electric vehicle 2 and a battery remaining amount of the battery 1 mounted on the electric vehicle 2, determines the charging speed of the battery 1 of the battery station 3, on the basis of an evaluation value of the exchangeability of the battery 1, and transmits control information relevant to the determined charging speed, to the battery station 3.

Abstract: The invention concerns an electrical vehicle charging station for at least one electric vehicle in a network including at least a house, energy producers, and energy consumers.

Abstract: A charging method for a secondary battery including a lithium-supplementing material. The method includes acquiring a first state of health of the secondary battery in response to the secondary battery being at a preset charging node, activating the lithium-supplementing material in response to the first state of health being less than or equal to a first threshold to supplement lithium for the secondary battery, performing a charging process on the secondary battery, determining a second state of health of the secondary battery based on a working parameter of the secondary battery in the charging process, and charging the secondary battery in response to the second state of health being greater than a second threshold.

Abstract: A battery management system for batteries, such as, but not limited to, electric vehicle battery packs and cells, lithium iron phosphate batteries, lead acid batteries, gel batteries, and absorbed gel mat batteries, in engine start applications is disclosed. The battery management system is configured to control the charge and charging of each cell individually. The battery management system may be configured to control the charge of a battery which may consist of a plurality of cells, such as, but not limited to, lithium iron phosphate cells, and in at least one embodiment, the battery may consist of, but is not limited to being formed from, four lithium iron phosphate cells connected in series and a battery management system to ensure proper charge and safe operation.

Abstract: A rechargeable energy storage system may include a series arrangement of a plurality of batteries coupled to a first DC bus at a first DC voltage. A DC to DC converter may include a multi-input DC input stage coupled to a multi-output DC output stage. The multi-input DC input stage may include multiple distributed DC inputs, each distributed DC input being coupled to a respective one of the plurality of batteries. The multi-output DC output stage may include multiple aggregated DC outputs. At least one controllable switch may couple one or more of the multiple aggregated DC outputs to one or more other DC buses.

Abstract: A controller (100) for a vehicle (1), the vehicle comprising: a powertrain (1P) comprising an electric machine (50) for providing motive power; cooling means (60, 80); and electrical energy storage means (70) for powering the electric machine (50), wherein the cooling means (60, 80) is configured to cool the electrical energy storage means (70) and a cabin (1C) of the vehicle and the vehicle (1) is configured to operate in a first or second driving mode, the controller (100) comprising: an input for receiving information indicative of a temperature of the energy storage means (70); and a processor arranged to generate a control signal in dependence on the information indicative of temperature of the energy storage means (70) and information indicative of the selected driving mode of the vehicle, wherein: if the vehicle is in the first driving mode the processor is configured to generate the control signal to limit or reduce an amount of power consumed by the powertrain (1P) in dependence on the information

Abstract: A vehicle includes an electric machine and a controller. The controller is programmed to, in response to releasing an accelerator pedal during a first driving scenario that is based on a first set of navigation data, increase regenerative braking torque of the electric machine to a first value. The controller is further programmed to, in response to releasing the accelerator pedal during a second driving scenario that is based on a second set of navigation data, increase the regenerative braking torque of the electric machine to a second value that is less than the first value.

Abstract: An assembly secures a connector of an external power supply in a rail vehicle. The connector is enclosed by a housing and by a rotatably mounted flap. The flap and the housing each have a slot configured to receive a catch. The flap can have two positions: a first position, in which the flap covers the connector and thus prevents access to the connector, and a second position, in which access to the connector is possible. The flap supports a lock cylinder, which can be switched by a key into two states: in a first state, the key can be pulled out of the lock cylinder, and in a second state, the key is secured in the lock cylinder against removal. A catch is rotated into both slots or out of both slots by the lock cylinder.

Abstract: A seat control device for a vehicle seat of a vehicle is disclosed. The seat control device comprises a first control element which controls an electric adjustment motor for electrically adjusting the vehicle seat and/or an electric heating device for electrically heating the vehicle seat, a fluid valve which controls a fluid flow for the pneumatic adjustment of the vehicle seat, a second control element which controls an operating state of the fluid valve, and a fluid pump which is fluidically connected to the fluid valve, wherein the first control element, the second control element, the fluid valve and the fluid pump are arranged on a common circuit board.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a linear drive (1) having a drive shaft (10) along a longitudinal axis (X), at least two propelling teeth (20), and at least one gear rack (30) comprising a plurality of teeth (31), wherein the propelling teeth (20) are reciprocatingly movable perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (X) and are drivingly connected to the drive shaft (10) such that said at least two propelling teeth (20) carry out at least one cyclical reciprocating movement (21) during the course of one rotation (?) of the drive shaft (10), dipping into and out of the at least one gear rack (30) in order to produce propelling motion along the longitudinal axis (X), and wherein the cyclical reciprocating movement (21) of the at least two propelling teeth (20) have phase shifts (??). Furthermore, the present invention relates to a longitudinal-adjustment unit as well as to a motor vehicle coprising such a longitudinal-adjustment unit.

Abstract: In one example, a lever assembly includes a slide housing including aligned holes and a slide lever received in the slide housing. The slide lever includes aligned holes, and the slide lever includes a body portion having a length and a recess approximately near a center of the length. The lever assembly includes a pin received in the aligned holes of the slide lever and the slide housing, allowing the slide lever to rotate about the pin relative to the lever housing, wherein the pin is received in the recess.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a child safety seat and a side impact protection mechanism thereof, the side impact protection mechanism is provided at a backrest of the child safety seat and includes a side impact protection block and a self-locking structure. The side impact protection block is movably fitted to the backrest and has a folding position in which the side impact protection block is inwardly folded in the backrest and an unfolding position in which the side impact protection block is outwardly unfolded from the backrest.

Abstract: A motor vehicle seat includes a backrest portion, a first body, a second body and a mechanism configured to coupled the backrest portion to the first body in a movable manner between a first position, in which the backrest portion is arranged between the first and the second body, the latter defining a base extending crosswise to the backrest portion in order to support a passenger seating with the back resting against the backrest portion on a first surface of the backrest portion, and a second position, in which the backrest portion has a second surface opposite the first surface and facing the second body; wherein the first surface, in the second position of the backrest portion, defines a wind deflector.

Abstract: A method for making a seat includes the step of overmolding a carrier onto a fabric seat surface. The fabric surface is formed from a woven fabric material having heating element fibers. The heating element fibers are placed in contact with a conductor. The carrier and the conductor are then positioned into a frame.

Abstract: A seat assembly that includes a main body portion having a seat portion and a back portion extending upwardly from the seat portion. The main body portion includes an inner layer and an outer layer. A middle layer is positioned between the inner and outer layers. The middle layer includes a plurality of rings that are not co-axial with one another.

Abstract: A vehicle seat inter-connected tether assembly includes a first tether, a second tether and a vertically configured third tether positioned between the first tether and the second tether fixedly coupled to and connecting the first tether to the second tether. A connector positioned at distal ends of the first tether and the second tether is configured to couple the first tether and the second tether to opposed seat frame members of a vehicle seat frame.

Abstract: A storage device for a vehicle has a guide unit and a hinge element which can be guided on the guide unit and is moveably guided along the guide unit in a drawer-type manner. The hinge element has a contact surface and two lateral walls at an angle to same. The lateral walls have a plurality of fold regions, such that a first hinge part and a second hinge part are formed between the fold lines in such a way that, in a use position, the storage device forms a stable support for objects and, in the folded state, same can be used for storing the objects.

Abstract: Described are tray table assemblies for a passenger seat, such as an aircraft passenger seat. The tray table assembly includes a tray table with a top surface and a holder assembly. The holder assembly includes a first holder pivotably attached to the tray table and a second holder pivotably attached to the first holder.

Abstract: A material delivery and waste removal trailer that includes a scissors lift mechanism mounted on a main frame of the trailer that elevates a storage bin from the main frame and retracts the storage bin to the main frame. The storage bin has a frame mounted on the scissors lift and a container mounted to the frame of the storage bin. The container of the storage bin is movable pivotally vertically away the frame of the storage bin and linearly horizontally through the frame of the storage bin. A first hydraulic cylinder controls movement of the scissors lift mechanism away from the main frame and toward the main frame and a second hydraulic cylinder controls movement of the container of the storage bin away from the frame of the storage bin and toward and the frame of the storage bin.

Abstract: A trailer frame constructed from a polymer that cannot rust or corrode. The trailer employs a support plate that reinforces an inner and outer wall forming beams that includes a matrix of crisscrossed support walls. A top deck is releasably secured to the frame allowing refinishing of the trailer should the deck be damaged without replacement of the frame. Alternatively the top deck can be a foundation for an enclosure, shield, fence or any other known securement structures.

Abstract: A flatbed, step-deck, double-drop deck, or lowboy trailer assembly comprises a plurality of metal crossmembers extending in a transverse direction of the trailer assembly; a metal deck supported by the plurality of crossmembers, the metal deck having an upper deck surface and a lower deck surface; and a pair of parallel wooden boards extending in a longitudinal direction of the trailer assembly proximate respective laterally opposite sides of the trailer assembly. Each wooden board in the pair of wooden boards is located in a respective recessed portion of the metal deck. The lower deck surface is situated between and separates a lower surface of each wooden board from the plurality of metal cross members. The lower deck surface is welded to the plurality of crossmembers.

Abstract: A heated light enclosure having an adaptable heating system is provided with a controlled heating system to deliver enough heat to a lens on a lamp assembly to remove snow, frost, and/or condensation without overheating the lens. By heating the lens using a combination of one or more of PTC heaters, heat sinks and heat pipes, accumulation of snow, ice, or vapor is mitigated or eliminated from a surface of the lens, thereby enabling light to transmit through the lens. Applications include lamps and bulbs on conveyance devices, including vehicles, boats, planes, and trains, as well as sedentary structures, such as lamp posts, street lights, railroad crossing markers and lights, and airport ground and runway lighting systems.

Abstract: An optical apparatus capable of correcting field curvature easily, a method for manufacturing the optical apparatus, and a headlight including the optical apparatus. A lens, a plurality of solid-state light sources, and a substrate on which the solid-state light sources are mounted. The substrate includes a base material, which is rigid, and a mount surface, which is formed on the base material in a curved surface shape that substantially matches a focal plane shape of the lens, and on which a circuit pattern is formed. The solid-state light sources are mounted on the mount surface, and the substrate is positioned with respect to the lens such that a position of a focal plane of the lens substantially coincides with emission surfaces of the solid-state light sources, and thus field curvature can be easily corrected.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to communicating alerts about a recommended speed by adapting headlight color. In one embodiment, a method includes computing a recommended speed using an automated driving system (ADS) during an operator controlling a vehicle while the ADS is disengaged. The method also includes, responsive to determining that a vehicle speed satisfies a threshold associated with the recommended speed and an offset value set according to a driving environment, adapting an alert color projected by headlights of the vehicle according to the vehicle speed and the alert color is corrected for operator perception of visible colors associated with the driving environment.

Abstract: Illumination device (10) for a motor vehicle headlight for detection and targeted masking of a light-emitting object (20) present in front of the illumination device (10) in segmented light distribution, which illumination device (10) comprises the following: a light generation unit (100), having a plurality of light pixel groups (110a, 110b ,110c, 110d) a light sensor device (200) for detecting light of a light-emitting object (20) with a first light sensor (210) having several first sensor pixels (211), a control unit (300), which is connected to the light generation unit (100) and the light sensor device (200) and is designed to control the light generation unit (100) for generating the segmented light distribution, wherein one sensor pixel (211) can detect light in a detection solid angle (DRa, DRb, DRc, DRd) and is respectively associated with a light pixel group (110a, 110b, 110c, 110d), and wherein the light incident on each first sensor pixel (211) can be detected as a luminous flux value associated w

Abstract: A system comprises a headlight mounted on an autonomous vehicle. The headlight is configured to illuminate at least a portion of a road the autonomous vehicle is on. The system further comprises a control device associated with the autonomous vehicle. The processor obtains information about an environment around the autonomous vehicle. The processor determines that at least a portion of the road should be illuminated if the information indicates that an illumination level of the portion of the road is less than a threshold illumination level. The processor adjusts the headlight to illuminate at least the portion of the road in response to determining that at least the portion of the road should be illuminated.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a turn lamp, a nonvolatile memory, a signal processing device, and a drive circuit. The turn lamp includes a plurality of light emitting elements that independently controllable to be turned on and off. The nonvolatile memory stores a parameter related to control of the plurality of light emitting elements. The signal processing device generates, based on the parameter, a plurality of turn-on commands indicating turn-on states of the plurality of light emitting elements at each time point by executing a software program. The drive circuit drives each of the plurality of light emitting elements based on the plurality of turn-on commands.

Abstract: The optical assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the invention includes: a lighting module having a resin layer and a light emitting device inside the resin layer, and having an exit surface for emitting surface light to one side; a reflective portion having a recess in a lower portion of the exit side of the lighting module and an aspherical curved surface at the bottom of the recess; and a transparent cover on the recess to reflect the surface light to a set region.

Abstract: A variable-focus lighting device and a variable-focus lighting system have one light source and are used to adjust the position and focus of light that is emitted, among various positions in an interior space. An installation space on an interior roof is reduced and manufacturing costs are reduced.

Abstract: Backlit interior trim panel for vehicle interior comprising a decorative cover, a supporting component and a two-dimensional light guide comprising multiple independent lighting areas placed between the decorative cover and the supporting component. The two-dimensional light guide comprises a plurality of portions being optically separated between them in order to obtain said independent lighting areas by an only light guide, and light extracting means particularly configured to emit homogeneous light in such a way that the two-dimensional light guide is capable of emitting light in a controlled way.