Abstract: The present application relates to methods for determining the proportion or quantity of DNA contributed by individual animals to a volume of milk collected from a plurality of individual animals, wherein the method employs allele sampling for DNA sequence polymorphisms in DNA extracted from a sample of the volume of milk by shallow whole genome sequencing (SWGS). The present methods are useful for example in detecting mastitis or subclinical mastitis in animals contributing milk to the volume of milk.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments concern methods, apparatus, systems and computer program products for determining sequences of interest using unique molecular index (UMI) sequences that are uniquely associable with individual polynucleotide fragments, including sequences with low allele frequencies and long sequence length. In some implementations, the UMIs include both physical UMIs and virtual UMIs. In some implementations, the unique molecular index sequences include non-random sequences. System, apparatus, and computer program products are also provided for determining a sequence of interest implementing the methods disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for evaluating microsatellite instability (MSI) analyze nucleic acid sequence reads corresponding to a plurality of marker regions for MSI. The marker regions may include long homopolymers and/or short tandem repeats (STRs). For a target homopolymer, a histogram of homopolymer signal values is calculated based on flow space signal measurements for the homopolymer region in the sequence reads. A score per marker based on features of the histogram of homopolymer signal values is determined for each marker region corresponding to the target homopolymers. For a target STR, the method includes calculating a histogram of repeat lengths for sequence reads corresponding to the marker region of the target STR. A score per STR marker is calculated based on features of the histogram of repeat lengths. A plurality of per marker scores may be combined to form a total MSI score for the sample.

Abstract: MALDI-MS operated slightly under matrix storm conditions with a high-energy-transfer, acidic matrix, or these conditions with a high sample to matrix ratio, can with ultrasensitivity detect a nucleobase, modified or canonical, of a nucleic acid species as a jettisoned, protonated molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of molecular biology, and more specifically to methods for reducing the complexity of a nucleic acid sample.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for digital profiling of nucleic acid sequences present in a sample are provided.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods and systems for single-cell, multi-omic analysis of target cells without microfluidic devices. The disclosed methods involve the use of template particles to template the formation of monodisperse droplets to generally capture a single target cell from a population of cells in an encapsulation, derive a plurality of distinct mRNA molecules from the single target cell, and quantify the distinct mRNA molecules to generate an expression profile. Nucleic-acid-tagged antibody conjugates are used for simultaneous proteomic analysis along with the gene expression profiling.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for diagnosing and monitoring subjects with diseases associated with aberrant splicing, based upon detecting properly spliced isoforms and mis-spliced isoforms in a urine sample from the subject.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for regulation of exonic splicing enhancers and exonic splicing silencers. Compounds include polynucleotides targeted to aberrant exonic splicing enhancers and exonic splicing silencers. Compounds and methods for the diagnosis of diseases and conditions associated with aberrant exonic splicing enhancers and exonic splicing silencers. Methods for identifying splicing-sensitive disease mutations, and functional RNA elements as targets for amelioration of aberrant pre-mRNA splicing.

Abstract: Methods are provided for identifying tumor-specific antibodies and/or T-cell receptors by paired mRNA sequencing from individual immune cells in sentinel lymph nodes and comparison of these sequences with corresponding mass spectroscopy data from a subject having a cancer. Novel tumor-specific antibodies (e.g., NY-ESO-1-binding antibodies) are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and kits for identification of lung cancer in a subject based on alterations in DNA methylation at selected genomic loci are provided.

Abstract: Methods of the present disclosure provide for detection of mutations and splice variants of the androgen receptor using a non-invasive approach, RNAseq, for examining circulating tumor cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of diagnosing and treating MYC-driven cancers by detecting a PVT1 splice variant in a biological sample from a subject.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide compositions and methods for detecting cancers containing an NRG1 fusion event and treating a patient with a therapeutic agent that is targeted to the NRG1 fusion. Exemplary compositions for treating cancers containing the NRG1 fusion may comprise therapeutic agents inhibiting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and/or ERBB2 such as cetuximab, panitumumab, Sym004, MM-151, mAb 806, mAb 528, MEHD794A, gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, afatinib, PD153035, AG1478, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent may be a combination of trastuzumab, and pertuzumab.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a combination of DNA methylation markers and the use thereof, primers, probes and a kit for early detection of ovarian cancer, wherein the combination of DNA methylation markers comprises at least one methylated fragment of each of four genes, including PCDHB18P, CDO1, HOXA9 and LYPD5. The detection primers and kit obtained for the methylated regions of the target genes can significantly improve the sensitivity of ovarian cancer detection, and meanwhile maintain a high specificity for normal ovarian cells and benign ovarian tumors. The detection primers and probes detect patients with possible gynecological malignant tumors early through molecular epigenetic methods using methylation detection technology, and the result is very accurate, and can provide clinicians with auxiliary diagnostic reference for early prophylactic treatment.

Abstract: Techniques for identifying and enumerating candidate target cells within a biological fluid specimen are described. A digital image of the biological fluid specimen is received, and one or more candidate regions of pixels in the digital image are identified by identifying connected regions of pixels of a minimum intensity having a size between a minimum size and a maximum size and an aspect ratio that meets a threshold. For each candidate region of at least one of the one or more candidate region, whether the portion of the image corresponding to the candidate region includes more than a threshold number of intensity levels is determined. If the portion of the image corresponding to the candidate region includes more than the threshold number of intensity levels the portion of the image is continued to be treated as a candidate for classification.

Abstract: A method for identifying candidate target cells within a biological fluid specimen includes a digital image of the biological fluid specimen with the digital image having a plurality of color channels, identifying first connected regions of pixels of a minimum first intensity in a first channel, identifying second connected regions of pixels of a minimum second intensity in a second channel, and determining first connected regions and second connected regions that spatially overlap. For a pair of a first connected region and a second connected region that spatially overlap, whether the second connected region overlaps the first connected region by a threshold amount is determined, and if the second connected region overlaps the first connected region by the threshold amount then the portion of the image corresponding to the overlap is continued to be treated as a candidate for classification.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and kits for identifying Amaranthus palmeri plant material using genetic markers. The methods may be used to determine whether a sample contains Amaranthus palmeri plant material or to genotype an Amaranthus plant.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided herein for assessing CRISPR/Cas-mediated non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) activity and/or CRISPR/Cas-induced recombination of a target genomic locus with an exogenous donor nucleic acid in vivo and ex vivo. The methods and compositions employ cells and non-human animals comprising a Cas expression cassette such as a genomically integrated Cas expression cassette so that the Cas protein can be constitutively available or available in a tissue-specific or temporal-specific manner. Methods and compositions are also provided for making and using these non-human animals, including use of these non-human animals to assess CRISPR/Cas activity in vivo via adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of guide RNAs to the non-human animals.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to systems and methods for determining viruses such as coronaviruses. For instance, some aspects are directed to systems and methods for determining viruses using a partitioning system. Within the partitioning system, free RNA or other nucleic acids may preferentially partition into one phase, while intact viruses may be present in the other phase or in both phases. Accordingly, in some cases, free RNA or other nucleic acids may be preferentially removed, e.g., as compared to intact RNA or other nucleic acids present within a virus. In some cases, the phase containing intact viruses can be determined to determine the infectiousness, e.g., of a sample arising from a subject. This may be useful, for example, for distinguishing subjects who are capable of spreading an infection from those who are not infectious.

Abstract: Provided is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that combines low iron loss and low magnetostriction, together with an advantageous production method therefor. A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprises a linear strain portion extending in a direction intersecting a rolling direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, wherein the linear strain portion has a stress distribution in which a compressive stress region and a tensile stress region alternate in a longitudinal direction of the linear strain portion. The linear strain portion is formed by vibrating the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet in a sheet thickness direction, while irradiating a surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an electron beam by repeatedly moving and detaining the electron beam in the direction intersecting the rolling direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.

Abstract: This non-oriented electrical steel sheet includes a base metal having a predetermined chemical composition satisfying the expression [Si+0.5×Mn?4.3], and an average grain size of the base metal is more than 40 ?m and 120 ?m or less.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a magnetostrictive torque sensor shaft mounting a sensor portion of a magnetostrictive torque sensor. The method includes conducting heat treatment on a shaft material including chrome steel or chrome-molybdenum steel by carburizing, quenching and tempering, and conducting shot peening on the shaft material after the heat treatment at least on a position where the sensor portion is to be mounted. The shot peening is conducted by firing shot with a particle size of not less than 0.6 mm and a Rockwell hardness of not less than 60 at a jet pressure of not less than 0.4 MPa for a jet exposure time of not less than 2 minutes.

Abstract: A method of producing a shaped structure support, e.g., for a vehicle, is disclosed. The method includes: heating a hollow workpiece of a steel material to a material transformation temperature range; deforming the hollow workpiece in a press into the shaped structure support having a predefined complex geometry while the hollow workpiece is in the material transformation temperature range; and quenching the hollow workpiece through contact with a press tool of the press to provide the shaped structure support with a martensitic microstructure.

Abstract: A steel sheet includes a predetermined composition satisfying Expression (1), in which the microstructure at the ¼ thickness position from the surface in the sheet thickness direction includes, by vol %, ferrite: 95% or more and a remainder of the microstructure: 5% or less, has a proportion of unrecrystallized ferrite in the ferrite of 5% or less, and a half width w and an X-ray wavelength ? at a peak of (200) plane of the ferrite satisfy Expression (2). 0.80?{(Ti/48?N/14)+Nb/93}/(C/12)?5.00??(1) w×??0.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of rails welding, and particularly to a method for optimizing microstructure of a rail welded joint, the method comprises the following steps: step 1): subjecting a rail web area of a to-be-cooled welded joint which is obtained by flash butt welding to an accelerated cooling by means of an accelerated cooling device and by using compressed air as a cooling medium, measuring and monitoring temperature of a central position of the rail web of the welded joint while cooling; step 2): stopping the accelerated cooling when the temperature of the central position of the rail web drops to a preset temperature, then placing the welded joint in air and naturally cooling to room temperature, wherein the rail is a pearlite rail having a carbon content of 0.6-0.9 wt %.

Abstract: A method for recovering platinum group metals, includes melting a material to be treated containing platinum group metals, under heating in a furnace, along with a copper source material containing at least one kind of metallic copper and copper oxide, a flux component, and a reducing agent. The molten metal absorbing the platinum group metals is separated from a slag oxide through difference in specific gravity. The molten metal absorbing the platinum group metals is subjected to an oxidation treatment. An oxide layer containing as a major component copper oxide and a molten metal containing as a major component metallic copper containing the platinum group metals concentrated therein are separated through difference in specific gravity. A silver content in the molten metal separated in melting under heating is controlled to 2,000 ppm or more and 8,000 ppm or less, thereby recovering platinum group metals with high efficiency.

Abstract: The invention provides a complete set of treatment system and method for deep utilization of dolomite resources. The system includes a primary calcination device, a carbon dioxide capture device, a digestion device, a carbonization separation device, a pyrolysis device and a secondary calcination device; the primary calcination device includes a dolomite calciner, a plurality of hoardings and an exhaust pipe, and an exhaust chamber is formed between the hoardings, the top of the dolomite calciner and the outer wall of the blanking bin; the exhaust chamber is in communication with the carbon dioxide capture device through the exhaust pipe; the carbonization separation device includes a carbonization reaction tank whose gas inlet is in communication with the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide capture device; and the pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis kettle and a vacuum pump which maintains a negative pressure state in the pyrolysis kettle.

Abstract: A process for the isolation and purification of substantially pure chemicals, including silica gel, sodium silicate, aluminum silicate, iron oxide, and rare earth elements (or rare earth metals, REEs), from massive industrial waste coal ash including a plurality of caustic extractions of coal ash at an elevated temperature, followed by an acidic treatment to dissolve aluminum silicate and REEs. Dissolved aluminum silicate is precipitated out by pH adjustment as a solid product while REEs remain in the solution. REEs are captured and enriched using an ion exchange column. Alternatively, the solution containing aluminum silicate and REEs is heated to produce silica gel, which is separated from the enriched REEs solution. REEs are then isolated and purified from the enriched solution to afford substantially pure individual REE by a ligand-assisted chromatography.

Abstract: A superalloy target wherein the superalloy target has a polycrystalline structure of random grain orientation, the average grain size in the structure is smaller than 20 ?m, and the porosity in the structure is smaller than 10%. Furthermore, the invention includes a method of producing a superalloy target by powder metallurgical production, wherein the powder-metallurgical production starts from alloyed powder(s) of a superalloy and includes the step of spark plasma sintering (SPS) of the alloyed powder(s).

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant nickel alloy, a preparation method thereof and, and a use thereof are provided. The alloy includes the following components in percentage by mass: 4.68-5.35% of B, 5.69-6.41% of W, 27.68-28.39% of Cr, 12.65-13.42% of Al, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities. The alloy disclosed by the present invention is a Ni—W—B ternary alloy with main components of Ni, W and B, wherein the three elements have strong high-temperature corrosion resistance at a temperature of about 600° C., and have the potential of solid solution hardening and precipitate formation because all belong to solid solution forming elements, so that a creep strength of a nickel alloy matrix is improved. Meanwhile, Al and Cr are further added in the alloy formula, so that Al2O3 and Cr2O3 oxide layers can be formed, which play a role as a physical diffusion barrier against chlorine gas and other corrosive gases.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy pipe includes a pipe body portion made of an Al—Mg series alloy that includes Mg at a concentration equal to or higher than 0.7 mass % and lower than 2.5 mass % and Ti at a concentration higher than 0 mass % and equal to or lower than 0.15 mass %, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities, and a Zn-containing layer being outside the pipe body portion and including Zn being diffused in the Al—Mg series alloy at a concentration equal to or higher than 0.1 mass %.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a thixomolding material for thixomolding includes a drying step of heating a mixture containing a first powder that contains Mg as a main component, a second powder, a binder, and an organic solvent to dry the organic solvent contained in the mixture, and a stirring step of stirring the mixture heated in the drying step.

Abstract: An austenitic Ni-base alloy, consisting essentially of, in weight percent: 2.5 to 4.75 Al; 21 to 26 Cr; 20 to 40 Fe; 0.75 to 2.5 total of at least one element elected from the group consisting of Nb and Ta; 0 to 0.25 Ti; 0.09 to 1.5 Si; 0 to 0.5 V; 0 to 2 Mn; 0 to 3 Cu; 0 to 2 of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W; 0 to 1 of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr and Hf; 0 to 0.15 Y; 0.3 to 0.55 C; 0.005 to 0.1 B; 0 to 0.05 P; less than 0.06 N and balance Ni (30 to 46 Ni), wherein the weight percent Ni is greater than the weight percent Fe, and wherein the ratio Ni/(Fe+2*C) is between 1.02 and 1.067.

Abstract: Alloy powder comprises particles. The particles include specific particles. Each of the specific particles has a surface layer on which a divided trace is formed.

Abstract: Proposed is a Fe-based alloy and a filler metal including the same. The Fe-based alloy contains 15% to 25% by weight of nickel (Ni), 0.5% to 3% by weight of manganese (Mn), 2% to 8% by weight of cobalt (Co), 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of carbon (C), and the balance iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A grain oriented electrical steel sheet includes a base steel sheet, an oxide layer, and a tension-insulation coating. When a glow discharge spectroscopy is conducted in a region from a surface of the tension-insulation coating to an inside of the base steel sheet, a sputtering time Fe0.5 at which a Fe emission intensity becomes 0.5 times as compared with a saturation value thereof and a sputtering time Fe0.05 at which a Fe emission intensity becomes 0.05 times as compared with the saturation value satisfy (Fe0.5?Fe0.05)/Fe0.5?0.35. A maximal point of a Cr emission intensity is included between the Fe0.05 and the Fesat. Moreover, a magnetic flux density B8 in a rolling direction of the grain oriented electrical steel sheet is 1.90 T or more.

Abstract: Provided is a spray coating that is disposed on an inner peripheral surface of a cylinder bore of a cylinder block made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The spray coating contains 0.005% to 0.14% by mass of carbon, 0.01% to 3.0% by mass of nickel 10% to 20.5% by mass of chromium, 0.05% to 1.5% by mass of silicon, and a balance containing iron and inevitable impurities. The spray coating has a composition that forms a martensite+ferrite (M+F) region in the Schaeffler diagram, and a composition in which a nickel equivalent (NiE) and a chromium equivalent (CrE) satisfy a relationship expressed by the following Formulae (1): NiE?0.95 CrE?8.59, (2): NiE?4.1, and (3): CrE?10. The spray coating has a two-phase structure formed of a martensite phase and a ferrite phase.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel, which consists of by mass percent, C: not more than 0.02%, Si: not more than 1.5%, Mn: not more than 2%, Cr: 17 to 25%, Ni: 9 to 13%, Cu: more than 0.26% not more than 4%, N: 0.06 to 0.35%, sol. Al: 0.008 to 0.03%. One or more elements selected from Nb, Ti, V, TA, Hf, and Zr in controlled amounts can be included with the balance being Fe and impurities. P, S, Sn, As, Zn, Pb and Sb among the impurities are controlled as P: 0.006 to 0.04%, S: 0.0004 to 0.03%, Sn: 0.001 to 0.1%, As: not more than 0.01%, Zn: not more than 0.01%, Pb: not more than 0.01% and Sb: not more than 0.01%. The amounts of S, P, Sn, As, Zn, Pb and Sb and the amounts of Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and Ti are further controlled using formulas.

Abstract: A method for preparing a high entropy alloy (HEA) structure includes the steps of: preparing an alloy by arc melting raw materials comprising five or more elements; drop casting the melted alloy into a cooled mold to form a bulk alloy; applying an external force against the bulk alloy to reshape the bulk alloy; and heat-treating the reshaped bulk alloy, wherein the bulk alloy is reshaped and/or heat-treated for manipulating the distribution of the microstructure therein. The present invention also relates to a high entropy alloy structure prepared by the method.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a coating process includes a chamber, a crucible configured to hold a coating material in the chamber, an energy source operable to heat the interior of the chamber, a coating envelope situated with respect to the crucible, and at least one gas manifold located near the coating envelope. The at least one gas manifold is configured to provide a gas screen between the coating envelope and the crucible.

Abstract: An evaporation system comprises an evaporation chamber having an interior enclosed by one or more chamber walls; an evaporation source comprising (i) a source body for containing a feedstock material, and (ii) an evaporation port fluidly coupling the source body with an interior of the evaporation chamber; an insulation material; and a computer-based controller for configuring the insulation material in (i) a first configuration in which the insulation material is disposed snugly around the source body and (ii) a second configuration in which at least a portion of the insulation material is spaced away from the source body and at least a second portion of the insulation material is disposed snugly around the source body; wherein the insulation material does not cover an opening of the evaporation port in the first configuration and the second configuration.

Abstract: A coating of spectacle lenses is applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD). A method for physical vapor deposition includes: providing a crucible containing a first evaporation material and a second evaporation material, wherein the first evaporation material has a first vapor pressure and the second evaporation material has a second vapor pressure different from the first vapor pressure. A ratio of an exposed surface of the first evaporation material and an exposed surface of the second evaporation material in the crucible is adapted to counterbalance the difference in vapor pressure between the first and the second evaporation material. Concurrent evaporation of the first evaporation material and the second evaporation material from the same crucible take place. The disclosure further relates to a crucible for physical vapor deposition and a physical vapor deposition system in particular for coating an optical surface such as a spectacle lens.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a method for treating a surface of an object to be treated, in which a part provided and contaminated in an apparatus for treatment of a substrate such as a wafer serves as the object to be treated. In an embodiment, the surface treatment method includes forming a vacuum in an atmosphere in which the object is provided and cleaning the surface of the object by collision of first particles with contaminants on the surface of the object at supersonic speed.

Abstract: A method for processing a CMC airfoil includes nesting an airfoil fiber preform in a cavity of a fixture that has first and second tool segments, closing the fixture by rotating a first tool segment about a hinge, the closing causing the tool segments to clamp on a tail portion of the fiber preform and thereby conform the tail portion to the fixture. While in the fixture, the fiber preform is then partially densified with an interface coating material to form a partially densified fiber preform. While still in the fixture, one or more cooling holes are drilled into the trailing edge of the partially densified fiber preform. After the drilling, the partially densified fiber preform is removed from the fixture and further densified with a ceramic matrix material to form a fully densified CMC airfoil.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to an apparatus and a method for cleaning a processing chamber. In one embodiment, a substrate support cover includes a bulk member coated with a fluoride coating. The substrate support cover is placed on a substrate support disposed in the processing chamber during a cleaning process. The fluoride coating does not react with the cleaning species. The substrate support cover protects the substrate support from reacting with the cleaning species, leading to reduced condensation formed on chamber components, which in turn leads to reduced contamination of the substrate in subsequent processes.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes a precursor vessel in which a liquid precursor is stored; a first heater immersed in the liquid precursor stored in the precursor vessel and configured to heat the liquid precursor; a second heater configured to heat the precursor vessel; a first temperature sensor immersed in the liquid precursor stored in the precursor vessel and configured to measure a temperature of the liquid precursor; a second temperature sensor immersed in the liquid precursor stored in the precursor vessel and configured to measure a temperature of the liquid precursor; and a controller configured to be capable of: controlling the first heater based on the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor; and controlling the second heater based on the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor.

Abstract: A substrate processing device capable of preventing deformation of a substrate during a process includes a substrate supporting unit having a contact surface that comes into contact with an edge of a substrate to be processed, wherein the substrate supporting unit includes a protruding (e.g. embossed) structure protruding from a base to support deformation from the inside of the edge of the substrate to be processed.

Abstract: Described are lanthanide-containing metal coordination complexes which may be used as precursors in thin film depositions, e.g., atomic layer deposition processes. More specifically, described are homoleptic lanthanide-aminoalkoxide metal coordination complexes, lanthanide-carbohydrazide metal coordination complexes, and lanthanide-diazadiene metal coordination complexes. Additionally, methods for depositing lanthanide-containing films through an atomic layer deposition process are described.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a venting mechanism for venting a treatment vessel, a gas supply path including an upstream flow path to which a gas is supplied from a gas source, and multiple branch paths formed by branching a downstream side of the upstream flow path into multiple paths, each branch path being connected to the treatment vessel. The apparatus further includes first valves respectively provided in the branch paths to divert the gas to the branch paths, each first valve having a variable opening degree without being closed completely, a second valve provided in the upstream flow path to supply the gas or shut off the supply of the gas to a downstream side thereof, a pressure sensor that detects a pressure in the treatment vessel, and an abnormality detector that detects an abnormality in the downstream side of the second valve based on the detected pressure.