Abstract: An aerosol generation device includes a circuit or microcontroller for detecting and adjusting vibration frequency of an electronic transducer to a determined resonance frequency that changes during operation of the device.

Abstract: An aerosol dose testing device, applied to an aerosol-generating device, includes: a flow channel structure for flowing an aerosol; a light emitting module, arranged on an inner wall of the flow channel structure for providing an emitting light into a flow channel; and a photosensitive module, arranged on the inner wall of the flow channel structure corresponding to a projection path of a scattering light, for receiving the scattering light and outputting a detection signal based on an output end. The scattering light includes a light formed by scattering the emitting light onto the aerosol in the flow channel structure, and the detection signal is used for determining a dose of the aerosol.

Abstract: A cartridge for an e-vaping device enables separate vapors to be formed proximate to separate, respective ends of the cartridge. The cartridge includes multiple reservoirs and separate vaporizer assemblies coupled to separate reservoirs on opposite ends of the reservoirs. The separate reservoirs may hold separate pre-vapor formulations. The separate vaporizer assemblies may draw separate pre-vapor formulations from separate reservoirs towards opposite ends of the cartridge and vaporize the separate pre-vapor formulations via operation of separate heaters proximate to the separate ends. The separate heaters may be independently controlled to independently control vapor formation at the separate ends. The heaters may be controlled to independently control vapor formation rates proximate to the separate ends. The heaters may be controlled to form separate vapors at least one of simultaneously, concurrently, and at different times.

Abstract: An inhaler system includes a housing defining a housing cavity, a sleeve extending along a sleeve longitudinal axis and positioned within the housing cavity, a capsule is contained within the sleeve, and a piercing element comprising only a single shaft extending from a fixed end to a tip along a piercing element longitudinal axis. The piercing element longitudinal axis being parallel with the sleeve longitudinal axis. The piercing element having a piercing element diameter in a range from 0.5 to 0.9 mm. The single piercing element tip having only a single cutting plane and defining a cutting plane angle between the longitudinal axis of the piercing element and the single cutting plane. The cutting plane angle being in a range from about 25 degrees and about 35 degrees.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides aerosol delivery devices. In an example implementation, an aerosol delivery device comprises an aerosol source member that defines an outer surface and an interior area and includes a substrate material having an aerosol precursor composition associated therewith, a control body having a housing that is configured to receive the aerosol source member, an electrical energy source coupled with the housing, and a heating assembly operatively connected to the electrical energy source. The heating assembly includes a plurality of spikes that may be configured to articulate between a retracted position, in which the plurality of spikes is not in contact with the aerosol source member, and a heating position, in which the plurality of spikes pierces through the outer surface of the substrate material and into a portion of the interior area thereof.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method for automatically regulating oxygen output based upon at least one health metric. An oxygen regulation system receives, from at least one device associated with a patient receiving oxygen from an oxygen provision device, a health metric that provides an indication of an oxygen level of the patient. The oxygen regulation system determines, based upon the health metric, an oxygen output of the oxygen provision device needs modified. Responsive to determining the oxygen output needs modified, the oxygen regulation system automatically modulates the oxygen output of the oxygen provision device. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: An endotracheal tube includes a tube body. The tube body can have a distal end configured to be disposed in an airway of a patient and a proximal end configured to remain outside the airway. The tube body can include a first tube and a second tube. The first tube can be configured to be in communication with a ventilator and the second tube can be configured to receive a visualization device. The visualization device can be configured to be selectively advanced along a length of the second tube. A cleaning system can be disposed in the second tube. A flexible tip member can be disposed on the distal end of the tube body.

Abstract: A vent assembly is configured to discharge gas washout from a patient interface that is configured to receive a pressurized flow of breathable gas from a positive airway pressure device. The vent assembly includes a vent base configured to be attached to the patient interface and comprising a plurality of coplanar openings and a hydrophilic material positioned adjacent to the coplanar openings. The hydrophilic material is configured to wick water near the plurality of coplanar openings and/or capture moisture from a gas washout flow adjacent to the plurality of coplanar openings. In addition, the hydrophilic material is configured to release the accumulated moisture and/or water to the pressurized flow of breathable gas for breathing by the patient when the patient inhales.

Abstract: A relatively rigid, adjustable faceplate fitted over and working in conjunction with a relatively flexible respiratory facemask. The faceplate pushes (urges) the facemask against a user's (patient's) facial features to assure a better fit of the facemask to the patient's face. Straps are disposed on the faceplate, rather than on the facemask. The faceplate may provide or comprise: filter protection from user contact, strap locking features, cutouts for accommodating stick-on filters mounted to the facemask, and a nebulizer cutout. An upper portion of the faceplate is provided with a slider to allow the faceplate to achieve an effective fit when used with different size (adult, child, pediatric) facemasks by adjusting the distance between a nose pressure point and a chin pressure point of the faceplate.

Abstract: A respirator mask liner is provided for positioning between a respirator mask and the face of a wearer. The mask liner includes a flexible sheet material having an outer perimeter edge portion and a hole that is spaced inwardly from the outer perimeter edge portion. At least one tab projects outwardly from portions of the perimeter edge portion, and may be unitarily formed with the sheet material. The mask liner is configured so that when it is to be placed between the face of the wearer and the respirator mask, the tab or tabs project outwardly beyond the gasket portion of the respirator mask, so that the tabs may be used for adjusting the liner or securing the liner to the mask. Optionally, the mask liner has a surface texture with a ribbed and undulating pattern of raised portions, and/or incorporates an anti-microbial substance.

Abstract: An interface assembly includes an interface, such as a mask, that is secured to a head using a headgear assembly. The headgear assembly can include at least one halo portion and a plurality of straps. The headgear assembly can include both a front halo portion and a rear halo portion. In some arrangements, the headgear and mask define an adjustable closed loop. In some arrangements, the headgear can include one or more rigid portions that contact the user's face to at least partially isolate a seal of the mask from tightening forces applied to the headgear. In some arrangements, the mask is an oral-nasal mask and the headgear applies a force to the mask comprising an upward force component. In some arrangements, the headgear can be contoured to the user's head.

Abstract: An expiratory limb is provided that is configured to remove humidified gases from a patient and configured to provide improved drying performance by providing a tailored temperature profile along the limb. Limbs for providing humidified gases to and/or removing humidified gases from a patient are also provided, the limbs having improved gas residence time at constant volumetric flow rate. The improved residence time can be achieved by providing a limb comprising multiple lumens.

Abstract: A valve assembly comprising a housing and a valve, the valve being disposed within the housing, a first indexed member integral to the housing, the first indexed member adapted to be complementary to a second indexed member, and a radio frequency identification device adapted to communicate with a radio frequency receiver, the valve being configured to align with a canister, seal the canister and open in a single movement. A drug containment device having said valve assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: To Provide a scent provision apparatus capable of providing a scent to a user at a proper timing and preventing the provision of a scent at an unintended timing. Provided is a scent provision apparatus 200 that includes a main body section 201 and an air flow control unit 203. The main body section 201 has an opening portion 207 for discharging or taking in a scent-containing air flow that contains a scent. The air flow control unit 203 controls characteristics of the scent-containing air flow discharged or taken in from the opening portion 207. The air flow control unit 203 can generate a control air flow for accelerating and decelerating and/or diffusing the scent-containing air flow and can also generate a control air flow for interrupting a flow of the scent-containing air flow.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a medical introducer includes placing an introducer sheath onto a mandrel, and overmolding an introducer hub onto a proximal end of the introducer sheath. The introducer sheath has one or more score lines formed on an inner surface and the mandrel has a number of surface protrusions so that when the introducer sheath is positioned on the mandrel, each of the surface protrusions contacts one of the score lines formed on the introducer sheath. The surface protrusions on the mandrel prevent plastic material from the introducer hub from contacting the score lines thereby maintaining the score lines during the overmolding.

Abstract: A single or multiple lumen catheter is disclosed which includes an expandable lumen. The expandable lumen is movable from a collapsed or sealed configuration to an open or expanded configuration. In the open configuration, the expandable lumen is dimensioned to receive a guidewire or stylet or facilitate the introduction of fluids into a patient.

Abstract: A vein detection device including a light source operating at a wavelength for penetrating skin of a patient, a stereo camera operating at the wavelength, a communication interface configured to connect to a mobile device, and a processor. The processor configured to control the light source to illuminate a region of the skin, control the stereo camera to capture an image in the illuminated region, process the captured image to detect a vein of the patient illuminated by the light source, reconstruct a three dimensional image of the detected vein, and transmit the three dimensional image of the detected vein to the mobile device via the communication interface.

Abstract: A catheter accessory for use with a catheter having a distal portion comprising an intervention accessory having a distal portion outer diameter. The catheter accessory comprises an elongated tubular structure, releasably mounted onto the intermediate portion, but static during operation, to provide a pre-determined flexural rigidity and a pre-determined flexibility simultaneously to the intermediate portion covered by the elongated tubular structure. The elongated tubular structure has a default shape and size for operation with a lumen with an inside diameter larger than the intermediate portion outer diameter and smaller than the distal portion outer diameter, holding the catheter accessory onto the intermediate portion and completely proximal to the distal portion comprising the intervention accessory during the operation.

Abstract: The invention deals with a steerable catheter system. Such systems are used in Minimal Invasive Systems (MIS) for getting access to difficult to reach places, like body cavities or blood vessels in for instance the human anatomy. The steerable catheter comprises a polymer shaft with a bending portion that comprises a pulling wire mechanically anchored at a distal part of the bending portion, where the shaft is provided with a central lumen and a force sensor at the distal part. According to the invention the pulling wire is the connecting wire to the force sensor and the pulling wire is mechanically anchored by a connector between the pulling wire and the force sensor.

Abstract: A blood draw device for withdrawing blood through an intravenous catheter assembly including a catheter, the blood draw device including a housing, a fluid conduit received within the housing and having a proximal end and a distal end, the fluid conduit including a first conduit portion at the proximal end of the fluid conduit, the first conduit portion having a proximal end, a distal end, and a first diameter, and a second conduit portion at the distal end of the fluid conduit, the second conduit portion having a proximal end, a distal end, and a second diameter different from the first diameter, wherein the fluid conduit is configured to be advanced from a proximal position in which the second conduit portion does not extend beyond a distal end of the catheter to a distal position in which the second conduit portion extends beyond a distal end of the catheter.

Abstract: A vascular access device may be an integrated catheter. The vascular access device includes a catheter and catheter adapter having a catheter hub and side port. The contact angle of a probe is greater than 90 degrees. The entrance angle of a probe entering the catheter hub from the side port may be less than 45 degrees. The vascular access device may include a component configured to direct the path of a probe towards the catheter opening. The component may be a protrusion extending into the lumen of the side port, internal fluid passageway, and/or extension tube, or a septum within the catheter hub. The vascular access device includes an access adapter in fluid communication with the side port and permitting insertion of a probe into the catheter through the side port with or without a separate luer adapter. Methods of using a vascular access device are further disclosed.

Abstract: The balloon catheter system has a balloon catheter having a balloon placed in the front end region, a one-way cock being detachably connected with the back end of the balloon catheter, and a syringe detachably attached to the one-way cock. The syringe inflates and deflates the balloon of the balloon catheter. The syringe has a cylindrical barrel being provided with one projection in the longitudinal direction of an inner periphery and a plunger is slidably placed in a longitudinal direction in the barrel. The plunger being provided with a circular concave connecting to the projection.

Abstract: A drug delivery device may be configured to delivery an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) to a subject via the subject's oral-gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The drug delivery device may be configured to deliver a payload of an API while within the GI tract of the subject. The drug delivery device may include a reservoir, a potential energy source, a plurality of outlets, and a plurality of valves, wherein each outlet has a corresponding valve. The drug delivery device may further include a sensor configured to sense the direction of gravity, and the valves may be selectively opened based on a sensed direction of gravity. Thus, the drug delivery device may dispense a dose of API within the GI tracts of the subject based at least in part on the sensed direction of gravity.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a skin treatment system comprises a tower assembly including a manifold assembly, the manifold assembly comprising at least one fluid connector to secure at least one treatment fluid container, a handpiece assembly configured to hydraulically couple to the tower assembly, wherein the handpiece assembly is hydraulically coupled to the tower assembly using at least one fluid conduit, and a pressure source configured to deliver a separate fluid to the handpiece assembly, wherein the separate fluid is distinct from a fluid contained in the at least one treatment fluid container, wherein the handpiece assembly is configured to be hydraulically coupled to a vacuum source to remove spent fluid and other waste materials away from a distal end of the handpiece assembly during use, and wherein a pressure created by the separate fluid on skin tissue is configured to facilitate delivery of fluids delivered from the at least one treatment fluid container to the handpiece device deeper into a

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a microneedle array-based electrode comprising organic photovoltaic substances, and an artificial retina device comprising the same, and the microneedle array-based electrode is coated with, as organic photovoltaic substances, a mixture of PCE10, which exhibits the highest absorbance in infrared rays, and ITIC, thereby exhibiting excellent photovoltaic efficiency and low phototoxicity. Further, since an artificial retina device comprising the electrode can adjust the generation of current only with light without any wire connecting the inside and outside of the eyeball, it is possible to restore nerve signals by stimulating the retina of a patient whose photoreceptor cells are damaged.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide swallowable devices, preparations and methods for delivering drugs and other therapeutic agents within the GI tract. Many embodiments provide a swallowable device for delivering the agents. Particular embodiments provide a swallowable device such as a capsule for delivering drugs into the intestinal wall or other GI lumen. Embodiments also provide various drug preparations that are configured to be contained within the capsule, advanced from the capsule into the intestinal wall and degrade to release the drug into the bloodstream to produce a therapeutic effect. The preparation can be operably coupled to delivery means having a first configuration where the preparation is contained in the capsule and a second configuration where the preparation is advanced out of the capsule into the intestinal wall. Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful for the delivery of drugs which are poorly absorbed, tolerated and/or degraded within the GI tract.

Abstract: A vascular access system configured for delivery of a tube or probe into a patient's vascular system, the vascular access system including a catheter adapter having a distal portion and a proximal portion, wherein a catheter extends from the distal portion and a septum assembly is housed within the proximal portion, and a connector assembly. The connector assembly includes a coupling interface configured to couple the connector assembly to the proximal portion of the catheter adapter, and a cannula. The cannula may be configured to extend through the septum assembly of the catheter adapter when the connector assembly is coupled to the proximal portion of the catheter adapter. The connector assembly also includes a proximal interface, wherein the proximal interface is configured for coupling to a blood draw device having an elongated core extending from a distal end thereof.

Abstract: A medical connector according to one embodiment of the present invention is provided with: a valve body which has a slit formed therein; a cylindrical outer housing which houses the valve body in the cylindrical shape thereof and retains the valve body therein; and a cylindrical inner housing which is inserted into the cylindrical shape of the outer housing so as to support an under surface of the valve body. A joint is formed between the valve body and the outer housing. The joint is positioned radially outward of the connector beyond the upper edge of the inner housing.

Abstract: An intravascular blood pump has an intake filter that reduces risk of heart tissue being sucked into an intake port of the pump. The filter defines a plurality of apertures, through which blood flows through the filter. The apertures are sized to prevent ingestion, by the input port, of the heart tissue. The filter includes a plurality of generally helical first struts wound about a longitudinal axis of the filter, and a plurality of second struts. The first and second struts collectively define the plurality of apertures therebetween. The struts may be woven filaments, or the apertures may be defined in a thin film (foil) tube, where remaining material between the apertures form the struts.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for long-term assisting the left ventricle of a heart to pump blood is disclosed which includes at least one transluminally deliverable pump and a transluminally deliverable support structure which secures the at least one pump within the aorta for long-term use.

Abstract: A percutaneous circulatory support device includes a housing and an impeller disposed within the housing. The impeller is configured to rotate relative to the housing to cause blood to flow through the housing. A motor is operably coupled to the impeller, and the motor is configured to rotate the impeller relative to the housing. A catheter is coupled to the motor. A collar is coupled to the catheter and disposed proximally relative to the housing. The collar includes an internal chamber, and pressure sensor is disposed within the internal chamber of the collar.

Abstract: An alignment vest for holding an external coil in a predetermined location. The alignment vest may comprise at least one attachment mechanism for holding the external coil in the predetermined location. The alignment vest may also comprise a panel having a fastening mechanism and a plurality of straps, the front panel being secured to at least one of the plurality of straps.

Abstract: A volume and resistance compensator device; an inhaler testing apparatus containing the device; and methods for testing inhalers utilizing the device and apparatus for improving the consistency and reliability of the testing process are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing multiple wireless devices to provide electrical stimulation to muscles and nerves using Bluetooth Low Energy area network technology for the treatment of medical and non-medical conditions. This method allows Multiple Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) or Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) devices to connect and synchronize as peripherals to one central unit.

Abstract: A recording medium storing a muscle electrostimulation program for giving electrostimulation to a muscle, including: a module implemented by a computer of an electrostimulation device provided with a signal application unit that applies a voltage signal to an electrode group, the module being: a module that repeatedly applies a plurality of pulse waveform groups to the electrode group as the voltage signal by controlling the signal application unit, wherein the plurality of pulse waveform groups include: a first pulse waveform group applied intermittently every first cycle corresponding to a frequency of 15 Hz to 25 Hz; and a second pulse waveform group applied outside an application period of the first pulse waveform group in the first cycle.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide apparatus, systems and methods for stimulating tissue in the urinary tract to initiate or facilitate urination. One embodiment provides an external urinary sphincter stimulation (EUSS) catheter for stimulating the external urinary sphincter (EUS), where the EUSS catheter includes nerve stimulation electrodes (NSES) for delivering current to nerves within or around the EUS in order to relax the EUS prior to urination. Other embodiments provide a system for stimulating the EUS including the EUSS catheter and a controller operatively coupled to the EUSS catheter, where the controller includes a pulse generator for delivering current to the NSES. Other embodiments provide methods for positioning the EUSS catheter in the patient's body including in the EUS using a urethral approach. Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful for initiating and/or controlling urination for patients who have lost the ability to voluntarily urinate due to neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode body (20) of an electrode assembly for electrically stimulating tissue of a living being, more particularly for neurostimulation. The electrode body (20) is designed to be arranged at a point between the skull and the scalp of a living being. The electrode body (20) has a stimulation surface, which is designed to be brought into contact with the tissue of the living being in order to produce an electrical stimulation of the tissue by alternating-current pulses and/or direct-current pulses.

Abstract: A neural stimulator, suitable for implanting in a recipient, and having a flying lead with a configurable electrode. A benefit is an intra-operative ability to adjust the connection between the lead and an anatomically correct electrode, which obviates the need to manufacture multiple different configurations of implant to suit different placements of flying lead electrode.

Abstract: A method for preparing an electroporation device to deliver an electroporation treatment includes steps of delivering a charge current from at least one battery through a charge circuit to a supercapacitor unit and charging the supercapacitor unit with the charge current. The charging step includes measuring one or more input parameters of the charge current while the charge current is in at least one charge state of a plurality of charge states of charging the supercapacitor unit. The charging step also includes at least one step of transitioning the charge current between charge states of the plurality of charge states responsive to the one or more measured input parameters. Transitioning the charge current includes adjusting a magnitude of the charge current. In this method, the measuring and transitioning steps are automatically controlled by a control unit executing machine-readable instructions.

Abstract: A temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder microcurrent treatment device and methods of operating the microcurrent device that includes a treatment electrode and at least one return electrode. The TMJ microcurrent treatment device may output and maintain a constant current treatment waveform.

Abstract: A power control circuit for use with devices that will be placed in a flammable sterilizing gas includes a bi-stable switch that is configured to produce an output to place the circuitry of a connected device in a run state or a sleep state. The bi-stable switch controls one or more transistors to drain energy from energy storage devices in the circuitry of the connected device to a level below an ignition level of a sterilizing gas. A remotely actuatable switch can be actuated from outside of a packaging in which the power control circuit is placed to cause the bi-stable switch to produce an output that puts the circuitry in the run state without removing the power control circuit from the packaging.

Abstract: A system for controlling delivery of electrical stimulation to a subject. The system comprises a control device configured to send stimulation instructions to an electrical stimulation generator to cause the electrical stimulation generator to deliver transcranial electrical stimulation to one or more electrodes arranged to be positioned in proximity to a targeted region of the brain of the subject. The stimulation instructions comprise stimulation parameter value(s). The control device is configured to receive sensor data from optical sensor(s) arranged to be positioned in proximity to the targeted region and transmit updated stimulation instructions comprising updated simulation parameter value(s) to the electrical stimulation generator to cause the electrical stimulation generator to modify characteristic(s) of the stimulation. The system is configured to analyse the sensor data to determine an activity measure and determine updated stimulation parameter value(s) based on the determined activity measure.

Abstract: A system comprises an auditory device processor, an auditory device output mechanism, an auditory input sensor, a database including a reference bank of environmental sounds and corresponding sound profiles, and a memory.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating back pain, wherein over a certain first time period, a first electrical stimulation is applied via an electrode. The first electrical stimulation is a first tonic electrical signal having a consistent frequency of about 2 Hz to about 35 Hz. Via the first tonic electrical signal, a contraction of the patient's both superficial and deeper lying back's muscle groups is caused.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling neurostimulation based on patient past usage pattern of stimulation therapy are disclose. An exemplary electrostimulation system comprises an electrostimulator to provide a bolus stimulation therapy (BST) to a neural target. The BST comprises stimulation boluses each comprising stimulation pulses during a first duration, any two consecutive boluses being separated by a stimulation-free second duration. A controller circuit can receive information about BST setting and past BST usage in the patient, analyze a BST usage pattern of the patient based on the received information, and determine or adjust a future BST schedule based at least on the BST usage pattern. The electrostimulator can deliver BST to the neural target in accordance with the BST setting and the determined or adjusted future BST schedule.

Abstract: The present technology is directed generally to electrical stimulation and associated systems and methods. For example, the present technology provides stimulation schedules/regimens that are expected to reduce the amount of power required for paresthesia-free stimulation, while maintaining the benefits of paresthesia-free stimulation. This is accomplished by reducing the dose of paresthesia-free neurostimulation provided to a patient over time. The dose can be reduced without a corresponding reduction, or significant reduction, in effectiveness.

Abstract: A method for controlling flexible behavior by stimulating a plurality of brain regions of a subject that includes receiving signals from a source region of the subject's brain, determining at least one signal indicative of out-of-range behavioral inflexibility from the source region in a predetermined frequency band and delivering at least one stimulation pulse to at least one target region of the subject's brain based on the at least one signal.

Abstract: A device and method are taught for stimulating sympathetic nerves toward mitigating negative impacts to hematopoiesis. An autonomic nerve actuator and stimulator system with a graphic user interface (GUI), controller circuit which converts treatment parameters into a series of Building Block Waveforms (BBW) which are output to Current/Voltage Driver Circuitry (CDC) whose electrical stimulus (ES) outputs are coupled to one or more electrodes and/or electrode arrays positioned proximal specific nerve situations. The use of this in combination with conventional chemotherapy treatments, such as use of carboplatin, was found to significantly enhance hematopoiesis, with improvements in white and red blood cell counts, platelet concentration and hemoglobin concentration, in addition to other measurable characteristics which increased survival rates in the experimental groups tested.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for monitoring or modulating an immune system in a subject; treating, reducing or monitoring inflammation; monitoring blood pressure; treating hypertension; or administering or adjusting a therapy for inflammation or hypertension in a patient by electrically stimulating the splenic nerve or detecting splenic nerve activity using an implanted medical device. Also described herein are implantable medical devices for performing such methods. The implanted medical device includes an ultrasonic transducer configured to receive ultrasonic waves and convert energy from the ultrasonic waves into an electrical energy that powers the device, two or more electrodes in electrical communication with the ultrasonic transducer that are configured to electrically stimulate a splenic nerve or detect a splenic nerve activity, and optionally a splenic nerve attachment member.

Abstract: An implantable device comprising: stimulus electrodes and measurement electrodes; a stimulus source to provide a neural stimulus to be delivered to a neural pathway of a patient to evoke a neural response; measurement circuitry configured to capture a signal window sensed on the neural pathway; and a control unit configured to implement closed-loop neurostimulation therapy by: controlling the stimulus source to provide the neural stimulus according to a stimulus intensity parameter; measuring a characteristic of the signal window; computing a feedback variable from an intensity of an evoked neural response in the signal window; adjusting the stimulus intensity parameter using the feedback variable; and repeating the controlling, measuring, computing, and adjusting to maintain the feedback variable at a target, thereby obtaining multiple measured intensities of neural responses; and computing one or more quantitative indicators of efficacy of the closed-loop neurostimulation therapy using the measured characte