Abstract: A refrigeration cycle device includes a high-temperature heating medium regulator and a controller. The high-temperature heating medium regulator regulates a high-temperature heating medium flow ratio between the flow rate of high-temperature heating medium flowing in an air heater and the flow rate of high-temperature heating medium flowing in a radiator. The controller controls the high-temperature heating medium regulator to regulate the high-temperature heating medium flow ratio such that excess heat is radiated to air outside the cabin by the radiator, of the heat radiated from the refrigerant to the high-temperature heating medium by a high-pressure-side heat exchanger, with respect to heat required for heating air blown into a cabin by the air heater to have a target outlet temperature.

Abstract: An infrared (IR) heating module for a vehicle having a passenger cabin including at least one IR panel, a controller coupled to the at least one IR panel for controlling operation of the IR heating module, and a power supply coupled to the controller for supplying power to the IR heating module, where the at least one IR panel is adapted and configured to be installed in a roof within the passenger cabin of the vehicle. The IR heating module operates by detecting a temperature within a cabin of the vehicle based on an output of a thermostat within the vehicle, receiving a signal from the controller relating to the temperature detected, and initiating an operation of the at least one IR panel based on the received signal, where the at least one IR panel is installed within the roof of the vehicle.

Abstract: An air sanitizing apparatus for a vehicle comprising: an ozone generator; a negative ion generator; and an ultraviolet radiation source. The air sanitizing apparatus further includes a rotating feature and a motor operably connected to the rotating feature, the rotating feature configured to move the air sanitizing apparatus along a track system. The air sanitizing apparatus can includes a first end portion; a second end portion; a middle portion disposed between the first end portion and the second end portion, the middle portion rotatable relative to the first end portion and the second end portion about an axis that extends through both the first end portion and the second end portion. The ozone generator, the negative ion generator, and the ultraviolet radiation source are all disposed at the middle portion. The air sanitizing apparatus is disposed in an interior of a vehicle below but adjacent to a ceiling.

Abstract: A vehicle door frame includes a pillar, a frame molding, and a welded part. The pillar has a first abutting surface and a first outer surface. The upper frame has a second abutting surface and a second outer surface. The frame molding extends along the upper frame to cover an outside of the upper frame in the lateral direction of a vehicle, and has an inner surface facing the first outer surface and the second outer surface with a gap. The welded part is located at a boundary between the first outer surface and the second outer surface, extends along the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface, faces the inner surface, and bonds the pillar and the upper frame together.

Abstract: A vehicle door includes a belt structure and a rigid handle having a rigid base and a rigid outer grip portion. The rigid outer grip portion includes a portion that is spaced apart from the base to form a gap. The base of the handle is rigidly connected to the belt structure whereby the outer grip portion of the handle does not move relative to the belt structure. The vehicle door may include a powered door opening mechanism that moves a portion of the door away from a vehicle body when actuated.

Abstract: A recreational vehicle with side by side seating has or can receive an overhead tubular framework with an accessory rail removably attached to an overhead cross member of the tubular framework. The accessory rail providing an anchor for a forward edge of a soft top with the soft top wrapping around the overhead cross member and extending rearwardly and being supported by and secured to the tubular framework. The soft top covering the side by side seating region. The accessory rail having three functional portions positioned circumferentially about an axis of the rail. A first functional portion providing the fixed anchor for the forward edge of the soft top, another functional portion providing interface and attachment features for connecting the rail to the overhead cross member, and another functional portion providing accessory mounting with variable positioning and attachment of an array of accessories above and forward of the side by side seating region.

Abstract: A power storage device is a power storage device provided on a lower surface of a floor panel of a vehicle, the power storage device including: a housing case; a power storage module housed in the housing case; and a cooler housed in the housing case to cool the power storage module, wherein the housing case includes a bottom plate, a refrigerant passage through which a refrigerant flows is formed in a portion of the housing case, the portion being located above the bottom plate, and the refrigerant passage is connected to the cooler.

Abstract: A vehicle mounting structure including: a vehicle frame having a floor panel mounted thereabove; and a power storage device assembled under the vehicle frame, wherein: a protrusion is arranged in the power storage device that can be vertically fitted into a recess in the vehicle frame, and a plurality of electrical wires are arranged inside the protrusion arranged in the power storage device.

Abstract: A dual reservoir fuel tank, wherein the fuel tank comprises a main fuel reservoir having an inner wall and an outer wall that define a main reservoir chamber, and an auxiliary fuel reservoir connected to a bottom of the main fuel reservoir. The dual reservoir fuel tank additionally includes a fuel retention lip structured and operable to retain fuel within the auxiliary reservoir chamber when the dual reservoir fuel tank is disposed at an angle.

Abstract: A filler tube for a fuel tank, having a tube portion made of plastic material and a tubular adapter, which is connected to the tube portion, for coupling the filler tube to the fuel tank, wherein a lateral surface of the adapter is integrally bonded, in particular welded, to a lateral surface of the tube portion, wherein the adapter and the tube portion overlap in the region of the integrally bonded connection.

Abstract: A fuel tank comprises a circular column-shaped fuel tank body, a handle, and a lock mechanism. The circular column-shaped fuel tank body is provided so as to be capable of being detachably attached to a fuel-powered device. The handle is formed on one end side in a length direction of the fuel tank body. The lock mechanism is capable of switching between a locked state in which the fuel tank body cannot be removed from the fuel-powered device, and a lock-released state in which the locked state has been released, due to the fuel tank body being rotated in a circumferential direction in a state of being installed to the fuel-powered device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmission of an agricultural work vehicle, the transmission comprising: a pre-shift part for performing speed shifting on driving transmitted from an engine of an agricultural work vehicle; a clutch part connected to the pre-shift part so as to selectively output driving transmitted from the pre-shift part; an adjusting part connected to the clutch part so as to perform speed shifting on driving transmitted from the clutch part; and a subsequent shift part connected to the adjusting part so as to perform speed shifting on driving transmitted from the adjusting part.

Abstract: A vehicle electric drive apparatus is provided with a single hydraulic pump and left-side and right-side drive units. The left-side drive unit includes a left-side electric motor and a left-side transmission mechanism. The right-side drive unit includes a right-side electric motor and a right-side transmission mechanism. One of rotary shafts of the left-side transmission mechanism and one of rotary shafts of the right-side transmission mechanism constitute a pair of pump-drive rotary shafts. The single hydraulic pump is connected to the pair of pump-drive rotary shafts through respective one-way clutches, and is to be driven by one of the pump-drive rotary shafts that is rotated at a speed higher than the other of the pump-drive rotary shafts, so as to output a hydraulic pressure.

Abstract: An electromechanical drive arrangement for a motor vehicle includes an electromechanical main drive motor, a reduction gear unit comprising a gear input, a gear output, at least one reduction stage and a gear housing that houses the reduction stage, an axle differential gear for branching the drive power guided over the reduction stage into a first wheel drive train section and a second wheel drive train section, and an auxiliary unit that can be driven by the main drive motor via the reduction stage. At least parts of the auxiliary unit are integrated into the gear housing. A switching body is provided in the gear housing such that the drive connection from the reduction stage to the axle differential gear can be switchably closed and switchably separated.

Abstract: An accelerator pedal system includes a pedal lever, a lock mechanism, an actuator, and an ECU. The pedal lever operates in accordance with a step-on operation. The lock mechanism is capable of restricting the operation of the pedal lever. The lock mechanism can switch a locked state in which the operation of the pedal lever is restricted by the lock mechanism and an unlocked state in which the operation of the pedal lever is free from restriction by the lock mechanism. The ECU includes a locking operation determination unit, an actuator control unit, and an information acquisition unit. The locking operation determination unit determines switching of a locking operation by the lock mechanism. The actuator control unit controls a driving operation of an actuator. The locking operation determination unit locks the pedal lever when the vehicle is traveling on a specific position in an automatic driving mode.

Abstract: Sound signals that are not audible are generated by one or more speakers disposed in the vehicle. Reflected sound signals from a driver or a passenger of the vehicle that are not audible are received by one or more microphones disposed in the vehicle. A behavior-induced acoustic pattern is detected based on the reflected ultrasound signals. The behavior-induced acoustic pattern is analyzed to recognize a behavior of the driver or the passenger of the vehicle. A response or an alert is generated according to the recognized behavior of the driver or the passenger in the vehicle.

Abstract: A wheelie suppressing control unit includes: a first determiner that determines whether a vehicle is in a traveling state satisfying a first condition representing a wheelie state; a second determiner that determines whether the vehicle is in a traveling state satisfying a second condition representing a pre-wheelie state which is a state preceding the wheelie state; and a controller that controls the vehicle based on an operation input. If the first determiner determines that the first condition is satisfied, the controller executes first control that reduces the output of a drive source of the vehicle. If the first determiner determines that the first condition is not satisfied and the second determiner determines that the second condition is satisfied, the controller executes second control that restricts a rate of change of the output with respect to the operation input provided to an operation member.

Abstract: A harvester includes: a crop tank that stores a crop harvested by a harvesting device; a weight detection unit that detects a storage weight, which is a value indicating the weight of the crop stored in the crop tank; a maximum weight calculation unit that calculates a maximum weight, which is a value indicating the weight of the crop at the maximum storage amount of the crop tank; a unit harvest weight calculation unit calculates a unit harvest weight that indicates the weight of the crop harvested per unit of harvest-travel distance; and a maximum travel distance calculation unit that calculates a maximum travel distance, which is the maximum distance that can be traveled during traveling harvesting before the amount of the crop stored in the crop tank reaches the maximum storage amount, based on the storage weight, the maximum weight, and the unit harvest weight.

Abstract: A vehicle is provided that includes a vehicle body, a plurality of RF signal receivers located at a plurality of locations within the vehicle, a portable pet bowl configured to be transported in the vehicle body, the pet bowl including a container for holding content such as water, an RF signal transmitter located on the pet bowl for transmitting an RF signal, and a controller for processing the RF signal received by each of the plurality of RF signal receivers and determining a location of the pet bowl based on the received RF signals.

Abstract: A control device controls an instrument configured to indicate a state of a moving body. An instrument has a first object having a line shape or band shape that is continuously visually recognized, a second object indicative of a present value of an output index that is an index relating to an output energy amount, and a third object indicative of a present value of a regeneration index that is an index relating to a regenerative energy amount. A partial region on the first object is formed with an output region in which the present value of the output index is indicated by a position on the region, and a region different from the output region on the first object is formed with a regeneration region in which the present value of the regeneration index is indicated by a position on the region.

Abstract: A bodywork panel (13,28) for a vehicle such as a racing car (1,2) or a racing motor cycle (27) is fitted with one or more optically clear panels (16), which are profiled to follow the aerodynamic form of the bodywork panel (13,28). A flexible reflective display screen (17), for examples based on e-paper, is mounted to an inner face of each optically clear panel (16) such that an image on the display screen (17) is visible outside the vehicle through the optically clear panel (16). A paint finish on the bodywork panel (13,28) continues over a peripheral region of each optically clear panel (16), concealing a join between it and the bodywork panel (13,28). Images displayed on the display screens (17) via a display controller (25) can thus appear like painted graphics on the bodywork panel (13,28), except that they may be changed as desired. Thus, graphics on the vehicle, such as advertising and sponsorship logos, can be changed at will during a race.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving the brightness of a transparent display are disclosed herein. One embodiment collects ambient light using an array of Fresnel lenses disposed on an external surface of a vehicle; collects internal light from the vehicle's headlights; filters the ambient light and the internal light to produce filtered ambient light and filtered internal light; generates primary-source light using a light-emitting-diode (LED) light source; and injects, into a transparent edge-lit liquid crystal waveguide display deployed in at least a portion of a window of the vehicle, the primary-source light, the filtered ambient light, and the filtered internal light in a color-synchronized manner. The filtered ambient light and the filtered internal light improve the brightness of the transparent edge-lit liquid crystal waveguide display.

Abstract: The controller of the electric vehicle is configured to control the torque of the electric motor using the MT vehicle model based on the operation amount of the accelerator pedal, the operation amount of the pseudo-clutch pedal, and the shift position of the pseudo-shifter. Further, the controller is configured to execute the stall production process for changing the engine output torque used for calculation of the driving wheel torque to zero when the calculated virtual engine speed using the MT vehicle model becomes lower than the prescribed stall engine speed.

Abstract: A cart may include: a driving wheel; a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel; a motor drive circuit configured to drive the motor; a motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the motor; a rotation speed sensor configured to detect a rotation speed of the motor; and a control device configured to control the motor via the motor drive circuit and the motor brake circuit based on a target rotation speed of the motor and the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor. The motor brake circuit may include an electronically variable resistance element configured to operate in a linear mode and a switching mode in response to a control input signal. The motor brake circuit may be configured to operate the electronically variable resistance element in the linear mode when braking the motor.

Abstract: Various disclosed embodiments include illustrative drive unit controllers, drive units, and vehicles. In an illustrative embodiment, a drive unit controller includes a processor having computer-readable media configured to store computer-executable instructions configured to cause the processor to receive free-wheel tow mode activation information, activate a hold mode based on the received free-wheel tow mode activation information, generate a zero-speed command in response to the hold mode being activated, and send the generated zero-speed command to a stabilizing system of the associated vehicle.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method and a system for controlling a motion of an electric vehicle (EV). The method includes determining a velocity profile moving the EV from an initial velocity over a period of time by minimizing the energy dissipation according to an energy-loss function. The energy-loss function maps values of acceleration and velocity of the EV to energy dissipation of the EV resulting from controlling one or multiple electric motors of the EV to move the EV at corresponding acceleration and velocity values. The velocity profile is a function of time. The method further includes controlling the one or multiple electric motors of the EV to generate a torque for moving the EV according to the velocity profile.

Abstract: An electronic control apparatus includes a first controller that is activated upon being fed with electric power through a first electric power feeding path, and a second controller that is fed with electric power through a second electric power feeding path. In the first electric power feeding path, there is provided a power supply switch that is turned on when a switch command is a connection command and turned off when the switch command is a cutoff command. The first controller transmits a state signal indicating whether it is in an activated state or a stopped state. The second controller diagnoses the power supply switch as being abnormal on condition that the state signal indicates the stopped state of the first controller when the switch command is the connection command or the state signal indicates the activated state of the first controller when the switch command is the cutoff command.

Abstract: In earth leakage detection device, one end of coupling capacitor is connected to a current path of power storage unit connected to load in a state of being insulated from the ground. Voltage output unit generates a periodically changing periodic voltage, and applies the periodic voltage to the other end of coupling capacitor via first resistor. Second resistor and third resistor are connected in series between a node between coupling capacitor and first resistor and a predetermined fixed potential. Voltage measurement unit measures a voltage at a voltage dividing point between second resistor and third resistor. Earth leakage determination unit determines presence or absence of an earth leakage between the current path of power storage unit and the ground based on the measured voltage.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a risk early warning method and system for hydrogen leakage, and relates to the field of hydrogen leakage. The method includes: obtaining ventilation information of a hydrogen-related area; carrying out grid division on a pipeline system of the hydrogen-related area to obtain a gridded pipeline system; determining a risk coefficient corresponding to each grid of the gridded pipeline system according to leakage sources of the pipeline system; determining a high-risk region by means of a jet cone model according to the risk coefficients; determining a medium-risk region, a low-risk region and a safe region according to the risk coefficients and the ventilation information; and carrying out risk early warning according to the high-risk region, the medium-risk region, the low-risk region and the safe region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a three-phase power supply and collection device for a maglev train. A cross beam is arranged at the middle part of the bogie of the maglev train, and the lower surface of the cross beam is provided with three sets of longitudinal bearing seats, and three insulating bushes, three collector shoes and three power supply rails corresponding to the longitudinal bearing seats; the two ends of the horizontal part of each insulating bush is a rotating shaft structure, and the vertical part of the insulating bush is a hollow tubular structure; the upper part of each collector shoe is the shoe handle, the lower part is the shoe body, and the bottom of the shoe body is in a concave semicircular shape; the top surface of each power supply rail is in a convex semicircular shape.

Abstract: A control system for an electric motor powered by a battery can be configured to receive an input instantaneous power or torque command corresponding to a commanded instantaneous power or torque. The control system can be configured to determine if the battery is capable of supplying the commanded instantaneous power or torque based on a state of charge (SOC) of the battery. The control system can be configured such that if the battery is capable of supplying the commanded instantaneous power or torque, the control system outputs the input instantaneous power or torque command, and such that if the battery is not capable of supplying the commanded instantaneous power or torque, the control system outputs an available maximum instantaneous power or torque command corresponding to an available maximum instantaneous power or torque that is less than the commanded instantaneous power or torque.

Abstract: Example embodiments of systems, devices, and methods are provided for charging and discharging energy systems having multiple modules arranged in cascaded fashion for generating and storing power. Each module can include an energy source and switch circuitry that selectively couples the energy source to other modules in the system for generating power or for receiving and storing power from a charge source. The energy systems can be arranged in single phase or multiphase topologies with multiple serial or interconnected arrays. The embodiments are capable of being charged with multiphase AC charge signals, a single phase AC charge signal, and/or a DC charge signal. Embodiments implementing the modular energy system within a charge source for performing multiphase, single phase AC, or DC charging of electric vehicles are also disclosed. Also disclosed are multi-motor embodiments and embodiments with the capability to power active suspensions and active steering systems.

Abstract: A power transmission device that wirelessly transmits power to a vehicle, the power transmission device including an information emitter that, in a case in which the position of the vehicle acquired by the information acquirer is located in a power transmission range of the power transmission coil and, also, the instruction receiver receives the instruction about power transmission, emits a first type of information that indicates a presence of the foreign object when the detector detects the foreign object, and in a case in which the instruction receiver does not receive the instruction about power transmission even though the position of the vehicle acquired by the position information acquirer is located in the power transmission range of the power transmission coil, does not emit the information that indicates the presence of the foreign object.

Abstract: A system includes a first hitch provided on a first vehicle and configured to connect to a second hitch provided on a second vehicle. The system includes a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable memory comprising instructions that are executable by the processor. The instructions include determining whether the first hitch is connected to the second hitch. The instructions include performing a charging control operation based on the determination of whether the first hitch is connected to the second hitch.

Abstract: A materials handling vehicle including a vehicle-side charging contact assembly coupled to a battery, a steerable drive wheel defining a drive wheel track width W, and a pair of load wheels defining a load wheel gap G between the pair of load wheels that is larger than the drive wheel track width W. A charging station includes a pair of floor-side charging contacts configured to transfer charging current to the vehicle-side charging contact assembly. The pair of floor-side charging contacts define an inner contact spacing S1 that is larger than the drive wheel track width W, and an outer contact spacing S2 that is larger than the inner contact spacing S1 and smaller than the load wheel gap G to permit passage of the steerable drive wheel between the floor-side charging contacts, followed by passage of the pair of load wheels outside of the floor-side charging contacts.

Abstract: An electrical connector has a base, a first power terminal, a second power terminal, and multiple signal terminals. The base has a connecting portion having a flat face divided into a first region and a second region. The first and the second power terminals are disposed within the first region of the connecting portion. The multiple signal terminals are disposed within the second region of the connecting portion. At least one signal terminal is apart from the first power terminal by a first distance, and at least one of the other signal terminals is apart from the second power terminal by a second distance. The second distance is larger than the first distance. Arrangement of the first power terminal, the second power terminal, and the multiple signal terminals prevents the first power terminal, the second power terminal, and the multiple signal terminals from interfering with one another.

Abstract: A method includes plugging a plug into a socket, wherein the plugging includes pushing the plug into the socket at least up to a point that a latch clicks into the plug and locks the plug in place. Pressing down on a lever that rotates around an axis causes the lever to be pushed down. This results in the latch moving away from the plug and unlocking the plug from the socket, to thereby allow the plug to be separated from the socket.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed configured to charge an electrical vehicle. The systems include a pallet sized to support and transport one or more vehicles. The pallet has a retractable charging cable housed on an underside of the pallet and extendable through an opening on a top surface of the pallet to couple a plug of the charging cable to a receptacle in an electric vehicle supported by the pallet. The pallet includes a cable retraction mechanism that maintains the charging cable under tension when the cable is in the extended position and protrudes from the top surface of the pallet or in the retracted position where the charging cable is housed on the underside of the pallet. The pallet can be used in mechanical parking systems, such as puzzle parking systems and stacker parking systems.

Abstract: Provided in this disclosure is a standardized provisioning for an electrical vehicle charging station. A center pad is configured to be moved and placed on a horizontal surface at a desired location. A central junction box is formed in the center pad for receiving a power conduit stub-up and a communications conduit stub-up. The power and communications conduit stub-ups extend vertically above the horizontal surface. A plurality of outer junction boxes are formed in the center pad, each configured to provide a power connection and a communication connection to a respective plurality of electrical charging dispensers. A plurality of raceways extend through the center pad from the central junction box to each of the respective outer junction boxes to provide passageways for the power and communications connections between the stub-ups and the plurality of electrical charging dispensers.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a charging system for charging an electric vehicle. A controller may control operation of the charging system by causing a motor to rotate to charge the vehicle. The controller can receive vehicle identity data and vehicle permission data. The controller can determine whether the vehicle has permission to be charged based on the permission data. The controller can initiate a charging sequence based on vehicle data including the vehicle identity data.

Abstract: Charging system for electric vehicles including a backend system and a charging station. The charging station includes a charging control module to control a charging process between a charging point of the charging station and an electric vehicle connectable to the charging point at least based on a configuration data set comprising a charging configuration parameter. The backend system includes a multiplex module connectable to a configuration memory module. The configuration memory module stores a plurality of time dependent configuration data sets. The multiplex module determines a time dependent configuration data set upon receipt of a configuration request message emitted by the charging station based on a time specification of the configuration request message. The multiplexing module is configured to cause a transmitting of the determined configuration data set to the charging station. The charging control module configured to control the charging process based on the received configuration data set.

Abstract: Methods, computing systems, and technology for scheduling computing tasks to be performed by an unreliable device are presented. For example, a task management system may receive, from a first electric vehicle, vehicle data comprising computing capabilities of the first electric vehicle and an availability calendar of the first electric vehicle. Additionally, the system can generate, based on the computing capabilities of the first electric vehicle, a work package for the first electric vehicle. The work package can include a computing task for the first electric vehicle to complete. Moreover, the system can determine, based on the availability calendar, one or more transmission parameters for communicating the work package to the first electric vehicle. Subsequently, based on the transmission parameters, the system can transmit a request for the first electric vehicle to perform the computing task of the work package.

Abstract: Systems and methods for tracking and managing the transfer of renewable energy and credits associated with the renewable energy are disclosed, particularly in the context of a V2G framework. A server may receive information about an electric vehicle's charging and discharging states. When the electric vehicle is known to have obtained a charge from a renewable source, the transfer of any energy associated with that charge to a recipient may also trigger the transfer of renewable energy credits (RECs) to the recipient. The server maintains an accounting of the movement of RECs, and may also facilitate compensation to electric vehicle owners for their return of clean energy to a third party.

Abstract: An electric power system includes a vehicle, a vehicle management server, an AC charging stand, a DC charging stand, and a charging stand management server. During AC charging and AC discharging, the AC charging stand is connected to the vehicle. An amount of charging power during AC charging and an amount of discharging power during AC discharging are calculated by the vehicle. The vehicle measures electric power before power conversion by an on-board charger, and calculates an amount of charging power and an amount of discharging power. An amount of charging power during DC charging and an amount of discharging power during DC discharging are calculated by the DC charging stand. The DC charging stand measures electric power before power conversion by a charger, and calculates an amount of charging power and an amount of discharging power.

Abstract: An information processing device, an information processing method, and a program are proposed that make it possible to allow an autonomous moving body to make battery replacement more easily. The information processing device includes a controller. The controller couples, in a first region, a connection terminal to the autonomous moving body. The first region is provided for ejection of a first battery included in the autonomous moving body. The connection terminal is provided for power supply and included in a power supply apparatus disposed in the first region. The controller moves the autonomous moving body with the connection terminal coupled, from the first region to a second region in which a charged second battery is disposed.

Abstract: A power calculation apparatus calculates an amount of power suppliable and demandable between a battery and a power grid. The power calculation apparatus includes a microprocessor and a memory connected to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform: predicting the amount of power suppliable and demandable between the battery and the power grid at a predetermined point in time to calculate a prediction value of the amount of power suppliable and demandable; and switching a calculation logic to be applied to a calculation of the prediction value, based on a length of duration from a present point in time to the predetermined point in time.

Abstract: A battery control system includes a plurality of battery cells that are separately controllable as units of individual cells or groups of cells. Each controllable unit may be switchably activated or deactivated in the overall battery circuit, and one or more conditions of each controllable unit may be individually measured. Various techniques are disclosed for operating the battery control system to optimize or improve system performance and longevity.

Abstract: A vehicle driving system includes a drive motor-generator connected to a first battery and a second battery via respective relays, a power receiving unit connected to the first battery and the second battery via respective relays and connected to an external power supply, and a controller. The controller is configured to, when the power receiving unit is connected to the external power supply, cause the first battery to be charged if the state of charge of the first battery is lower than a predetermined SOC and cause the second battery to be charged if the state of charge of the first battery is higher than or equal to the predetermined SOC.

Abstract: The present solution provides calibration for a battery model of an electric vehicle battery. One or more processors of an electric vehicle coupled with memory can identify, for the electric vehicle, a model configured to determine performance of a battery of the electric vehicle based on a function. The function can generate values for a parameter of the model across a range of states of charges and a range of temperatures. The one or more processors can generate, based on input from a sensor of the electric vehicle, a value of performance of the electric vehicle via the model. The one or more processors can provide an action for the electric vehicle based on the value of the performance.

Abstract: A system for controlling electric power of a vehicle having a fuel cell is provided. The system includes a fuel cell that generates electric energy by receiving fuel and oxidizing gas and a battery that receives the electric energy of the fuel cell to charge or discharge the battery for supplying the electric energy. A sensor sense a driving state of the vehicle. A controller controls charging or discharging of the battery based on the driving state sensed by the sensor.