Abstract: An ophthalmic examination apparatus comprises an alignment light generator, which directs beams of light from separate locations toward an image of an aperture stop of an imaging unit of the ophthalmic examination apparatus, and causes an envelope of the beams of light to converge to and diverge from a waist, which is within an alignment range of the ophthalmic examination apparatus. An eye is at an examination location with respect to the imaging unit when the waist of the envelope is located at least partly inside a pupil of the eye. The examination location of the ophthalmic examination apparatus is within the alignment range. The imaging unit receives reflections of the beams of light from a cornea of the eye within the alignment range, the eye being similar to a standard eye within standard tolerances.

Abstract: A neural monitoring system includes a stimulation device configured to generate a stimulation signal corresponding to stimulation applied to a subject, and a processing apparatus configured to: acquire a waveform corresponding to a change over time in an evoked potential of the subject based on the stimulation, and cause a display device to display an index indicating any one of a plurality of colors, based on an amplitude value of the waveform and an amplitude change rate. the amplitude value is acquired based on a predetermined rule. The amplitude change rate is a ratio of the amplitude value to an amplitude value of a reference waveform.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus disclosed herein relate to graphical representation of patient hemodynamic state. In various embodiments, one or more measured physiological parameters of a patient may be analyzed. Based on the analysis, a graphical user interface (GUI) may be rendered. The GUI may include a figure-eight schematic (222, 1222) that represents a circulatory system of the patient. The figure-eight schematic may include: a first loop (224, 1224) that represents pulmonary circulation of the patient; a second loop (226, 1226) that represents systemic circulation of the patient; and a central object (228, 1228) that connects the first and second loops represents a heart of the patient. In various embodiments, each of the first and second loops includes multiple arc fragments, with each arc fragment being shaped to convey one or more of the measured physiological parameters of the patient.

Abstract: A physiological information processing apparatus includes a calculator configured to calculate a moving average value of a pulse wave transit time of a subject, and a hemodynamic parameter of the subject, using the calculated moving average value. The calculator is configured to switch a calculation target between a first hemodynamic parameter and a second hemodynamic parameter. The first hemodynamic parameter is calculated using the moving average value of a first pulse wave transit time. The second hemodynamic parameter is calculated using the moving average value of a second pulse wave transit time that is shorter than the moving average time of the first pulse wave transit time.

Abstract: In some examples, determining a heart failure status using a medical device comprising one or more sensors includes determining a first value of a heart beat variability metric of a patient while an activity state of a patient satisfies an inactivity criterion based on a signal received from the one or more sensors, and determining, within a predetermined period of time after further determining that the activity state of the patient no longer satisfies the inactivity criterion, a second value of the heart beat variability metric while the activity state of the patient no longer satisfies the inactivity criterion based on the signal. A difference between the first value of the heart beat variability metric and the second value of the heart beat variability metric may be determined and the heart failure status of the patient may be determined based on the difference.

Abstract: Provided are an electronic device and an operation method of the same. The electronic device includes: a display panel including pixels that emit light; a light sensor disposed on the display panel and sensing external light; a pressure sensor sensing pressure applied from the outside; and a processor applied with a pressure signal sensed by the pressure sensor and a first pulse wave signal sensed by the light sensor, wherein the processor is configured to: analyze the first pulse wave signal in a blood pressure measurement mode and display a first indicator on the display panel when a first abnormal section is calculated in the first pulse wave signal, display a second indicator different from the first indicator on the display panel when the first abnormal section is not calculated, and calculate blood pressure information based on the first pulse wave signal and the pressure signal.

Abstract: A blood pressure monitoring system includes a blood pressure monitoring device configured to obtain a blood pressure measurement from a subject, a PPG sensor configured to obtain PPG data from the subject, and at least one processor configured to generate a blood pressure estimation for the subject via an adaptive predictive model using real-time PPG data from the PPG sensor, determine whether the generated blood pressure estimation is above or below a threshold, and send an alert to a remote device in response to determining that the generated blood pressure estimation is above or below the threshold. The at least one processor may also be configured to request a blood pressure measurement from the blood pressure monitoring device in response to determining that the generated blood pressure estimation is above or below the threshold, and update the one or more parameters of the adaptive predictive model in real-time.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided a computer-implemented method for analysing a pulse wave signal, PWS, obtained from a subject. The PWS comprises pulse wave measurements for a plurality of cardiac cycles of the subject during a first time period.

Abstract: A measurement device (1) for measuring at least one vital parameter is provided. The measurement device (1) comprises a base body (2), a fixing means (10) and at least one sensor (5). The at least one sensor (5) is mounted in a damped manner, in particular actively damped, by a means for pressure regulation (7) in the base body (2), in particular in a recess (3) of the base body (2). Furthermore, a measurement system with a measurement device (1) according to the invention, a method for determining a pressure with which the sensor (5) of the measurement device lies on the skin of the patient, a method for measuring at least one vital parameter and a use of the measurement device for determining at least one vital parameter are provided.

Abstract: A device for non-invasively evaluating or monitoring an intra-abdominal pressure and/or abdominal wall deformations and/or a risk of incisional hernia of a subject at a preventive stage and/or a pre-operative stage and/or a post-operative stage, the device includes an adjustable and flexible frame, the frame comprising a central area, a left lateral area and a right lateral area; a network of main sensors suitable for measuring local deformations and/or local forces on the surface of the abdomen of the subject, the network of main sensors being assembled to the frame, wherein at least one main sensor is located in each area of the frame; connecting means adapted for connecting the network of main sensors to a treatment unit; and possibly positioning means adapted for positioning the device on the abdomen and/or adjustment means adapted for adjusting the device on the abdomen.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for non-contact monitoring of one or more persons/patients are disclosed. The apparatus includes a radar system configured for acquiring motion and proximity data of one or more persons at a plurality of distances, a processor configured for processing the acquired motion and proximity data to identify one or more physiological and/or behavioral features of one or more persons, and a transmitter configured for transmitting the one or more physiological and/or behavioral features of one or more persons to a remote device. In various embodiments, the apparatus may include a wearable sensor, a light or ambient sensor, a microphone and a speaker, or one or more buttons for user input. In various embodiments, a system for monitoring includes a plurality of apparatuses in a mesh network for sharing data from the plurality of apparatuses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-invasive transdermal apparatus for measuring complex impedance of body tissue. The apparatus comprises: at least two electrodes coupled, in use, to the surface of the skin; a signal source to deliver an electrical potential to the electrodes; a monitor to detect changes in the signal passing through body tissue between the electrodes; and a processor operatively coupled to the signal source and monitor and configured to: use the signal source to apply a potential to the electrodes to reduce the electrical impedance of the stratum corneum; and use the monitor to measure complex transdermal impedance AC signals corresponding to ? and ? dispersion spectra.

Abstract: Cardiac MR data sets are acquired over cardiac cycles and based on a trigger event, with each cardiac MR data set having a corresponding time stamp. A series of time differences is determined between acquisitions of the cardiac MR data sets based on the time stamps, and a default time difference representing the time difference between two consecutive cardiac MR data sets is determined, which were acquired using correct trigger events. A pair of incorrect time differences is determined, each incorrect time difference representing a time difference between two consecutive MR data sets in which at least one MR data set was acquired using an incorrect trigger event. Approved MR data sets are determined comprising cardiac MR data sets from the cardiac MR data sets which were acquired using the correct trigger event, based on the pair of incorrect time differences, and the approved MR data sets are further processed.

Abstract: A magnetic field generator assembly is configured to be associated with a table supporting a body. The magnetic field generator comprises magnetic field transmitters that are thin (of minimal height) and transparent, or substantially transparent, to x-ray radiation. The magnetic field transmitters are configured to minimally obstruct components of an imaging system and to minimally interfere with image quality.

Abstract: A wireless passive marker device (1) to be tracked and a respective tracking system (3) are provided which make use of a sensing unit (10) comprising a resonator element (11) with piezoelectric properties and a coil element (13), whereby an externally applied excitation field having a particular frequency is applied to act on the sensing unit (10) and wherein the sensing unit (10) responds to the externally applied excitation field by the resonator element (11) performing persisting mechanical oscillations in resonant mode, the persisting mechanical oscillations resulting in a piezoelectric voltage causing the coil element (13) to generate a magnetic field that may then be detected by the tracking system (3) and used for determining the position of the marker device (1) and/or sensing a physical property in the surrounding environment of the marker device (1).

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are described including an invasive medical device with a magnetic region. The magnetic region can include a discontinuity in the magnetic region providing a diameter transition, a plurality of spaced magnetic regions can be provided or the magnetic regions can be encoded with data. Systems and methods are described that include ways to read the data.

Abstract: A medical system includes an elongate instrument, a tracking system, and one or more processors. The tracking system is disposed along at least a portion of the elongate instrument. The one or more processors are coupled to the tracking system and are configured to: receive a model of a set of connected passageways of a patient anatomy; receive shape information from the tracking system, the shape information indicating a shape of at least a portion the elongate instrument when the portion is disposed in the set of connected passageways; register the shape information to the model; and display a composite image including the model and an instrument image of the elongate instrument.

Abstract: Described are platforms, systems, media, and methods for maintaining a database of items associated with one or more skill requirements and a visit duration; maintaining a database of experts associated with one or more skill proficiencies, a location, and a schedule; receiving a request from a consumer for delivery by an expert of one or more items in the database to a consumer address; identifying experts in the database having skill proficiencies matching the skill requirements of the one or more items and available in a timeslot for the visit duration of the one or more items; presenting timeslots for which one or more experts are identified to the consumer and allowing the consumer to select a timeslot; and selecting an expert from among the identified experts in the selected timeslot based on shortest travel time; provided that utilization of the selected expert exceeds a predetermined utilization threshold.

Abstract: A wearable device to estimate an individual's maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) during exercise. The wearable device includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to receive heart-rate measurement data and exercise workload data for an individual of the wearable device. The memory stores instructions that cause the processor to obtain the heart-rate and exercise workload of the individual, normalize the heart-rate with respect to the individual's maximum heart-rate to provide a data pair of normalized heart-rate (HRn) and exercise workload (w), and apply a probabilistic model that relates HRn to w and maximum oxygen uptake to provide an estimate of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) of the individual.

Abstract: A portable incentive spirometry monitoring device and method of use. The device connected to the base of an incentive spirometer and is capable of monitoring inspiration within the incentive spirometer. The portable incentive spirometry monitoring device has a user interface for inputting a variety of different parameters, including a desired air volume, as well as attempt thresholds. Results can be stored such that medical personnel can review attempts by a patient to monitor therapeutic use, as well as encouraging patient use. The portable incentive spirometry monitoring device may be reused with different incentive spirometers without the need for extensive sterilization.

Abstract: A breathalyser comprises a breath chamber 12 defining an inlet 14 for a breath sample and an outlet 16. A sensor 18 for an intoxicating substance is in fluid flow communication with the outlet 16. The sensor comprises an output for an electronic signal representative of a concentration of the intoxicating substance in the sample. A pump 20 moves the sample via the outlet 16 to the sensor 18. First electronic circuitry 22 comprises a controller 24 comprising a processor for processing the signal and to generate data relating to the concentration of the intoxicating substance. Second electronic circuitry 26 comprises a memory arrangement 28 which is in signal communication with the first electronic circuitry and stores the generated data. The first electronic circuitry 22 is permanently mounted in a main housing 30 of the breathalyser. At least the sensor 18 and the second electronic circuitry 26 form part of a cartridge 32.2 which is removably mountable on the main housing 30.

Abstract: Methods may be provided to identify a medical implant from a plurality of medical implants to be fixed to an anatomical surface. Dimensional parameters for each of the plurality of medical implants may be provided, and dimensional parameters corresponding to the anatomical surface may be provided. The dimensional parameters for each of the plurality of medical implants may be compared with the dimensional parameters corresponding to the anatomical surface, and one of the medical implants may be selected from the plurality of medical implants based on comparing the dimensional parameters for each of the plurality of medical implants with the dimensional parameters corresponding to the anatomical surface. An identification of the medical implant selected from the plurality of medical implants may be provided through a user interface. Related devices and computer program products are also discussed.

Abstract: A wearable electronic monitoring device comprising one or more sensors configured to noninvasively measure one or more parameters of a user. The device can include a housing, a motion sensor positioned within the housing configured to generate one or more signals based on an orientation of the user, a display proximate a top portion of the housing that includes at least one display element responsive to an amount of health risk associated with the orientation of the user, one or more other sensors or user inputs, and one or more hardware processors configured to receive the one or more motion signals, determine the orientation of the user relative to a surface responsive to the one or more motion signals, determine the amount of health risk responsive to the orientation of the user, and change an appearance of the at least one display element responsive to the health risk.

Abstract: A gait measurement system including: a data acquisition device that measures physical quantities related to pressures of left and right feet; and a calculation device that calculates a symmetry of walking using the physical quantities related to the pressures of the left and right feet.

Abstract: A kinematics tracking system is described. The kinematics tracking system includes a first device configured to couple to a first segment of a musculoskeletal system and a second device configured to couple to a second segment of the musculoskeletal system. The kinematics tracking system further includes a computer configured to receive measurement data from the first device and the second device. The first device and the second device each have at least one inertial measurement unit (IMU) configured to measure orientation. The computer includes an application configured to support a registration process for the first and second devices. The application is configured to guide a user through at least one movement during the registration process.

Abstract: In a gait evaluation system, qualitative measurement value acquirers acquire at least measurement values of a stride length and a cadence as qualitative parameters indicating a walking form, measured by a measurement device worn by a subject. A qualitative result determination unit determines an evaluation result regarding a walking form using, as a certain evaluation model, an evaluation formula set such that a weight is added at least to the measurement value of the stride length. The measurement value of the stride length is a ratio of an average stride length to the height of the subject measured.

Abstract: In order to easily measure the foot angle of a pedestrian with high accuracy, the present invention provides a foot angle calculation device comprising: a posture angle calculation unit that uses an angular velocity vector of a foot to calculate the posture angle thereof; and a foot angle calculation unit that uses a foot velocity vector and the posture angle to calculate a foot angle, which is the angle formed by the velocity vector and the center line of the foot.

Abstract: Systems and methods for using depth camera imagery to identify someone intending to leave a bed or chair before the bed or chair is exited allowing intervention where necessary to prevent falls before they occur. Such systems can also be used to detect falls in other specific situations such as those which involve falls partially obscured by furniture, doorways, or other objects in the room.

Abstract: An elongation sensor, which includes an elastic, electrically insulating core, and at least two resistive elements arranged helically around the elastic core in opposite directions and in contact with each other. A wearable article including a flexible support, at least one elongation sensor arranged on the flexible support so as to have a length varying when a wearer of the wearable article breathes or when muscles of the wearer are contracted or relaxed, and at least one flexible strip arranged on the flexible support. Also, detecting breathing of a subject with the wearable article.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods to evaluate auditory efferent function by exposing a patient to short-duration acoustic click stimuli to generate a click-evoked otoacoustic emission (CEOAE) occurring in each ear of the patient, and in response to exposing the patient to click stimuli, concurrently sampling outer hair cell activity (OHC) and medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR; efferents) in each ear of the patient, monitoring the middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR) in each ear of the patient, and measuring a change in cochlear activity in the patient based on the CEOAE, MOOR, and MEMR of each ear of the patient.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for collecting and transferring naturally-produced sweat containing an analyte to a biosensor and/or biofuel cell to estimate a concentration of the analyte corresponding to the analyte's concentration in blood and/or for producing electricity. In some aspects, a device includes a substrate, a plurality of electrodes disposed on the substrate and operable to detect an analyte in naturally-produced sweat of an individual, and a sweat permeation layer including a hydrogel, wherein the sweat permeation layer is in contact with the plurality of electrodes and configured to transfer the sweat containing the analyte through the sweat permeation layer to reach the plurality of electrodes for detection and/or energy harvesting.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for sweat inducement, which is useful in diagnostics, such as diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in a patient. The method includes applying a microneedle patch, which comprises microneedles which comprise pilocarpine or another sweat-inducing agent, to the skin of the patient effective to cause the microneedles to penetrate across the epidermis and into the dermis releasing the pilocarpine or another sweat-inducing agent into the skin in an amount effective to induce secretion of sweat from the skin. The secreted sweat can be collected and analyzed, for example by measuring chloride concentration in the sweat, which may be indicative of cystic fibrosis.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for non-invasively determining a tissue arterial oxygen saturation value of a tissue body is provided. The method includes: a) transmitting at least a first wavelength and a second wavelength of near-infrared light into a tissue body, the first wavelength different from the second wavelength; b) sensing the tissue body for the near-infrared light, and producing signals representative of the sensed near-infrared light; c) determining an AC component of a first tissue oxygen parameter using the signals; d) determining an AC component of a second tissue oxygen parameter using the signals; and e) determining a tissue arterial oxygen saturation value of a tissue body using the determined AC component of the first tissue oxygen parameter and the determined AC component of the second tissue oxygen parameter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for transcutaneous measurement of glucose in a host.

Abstract: Sensor devices including dissolvable tissue-piercing tips are provided. The sensor devices can be used in conjunction with dissolvable needles configured for inserting the sensor devices into a host. Hardening agents for strengthening membranes on sensor devices are also provided. Methods of using and fabricating sensor devices are also provided.

Abstract: A method for determining the reliability of an analyte sensor is disclosed. The analyte sensor is an in vivo sensor. The method includes measuring at least one first temperature dependent signal, measuring at least one second temperature dependent signal which is different from the first temperature dependent signal and which is related to a current flow in the analyte sensor, and correlating the first temperature dependent signal and the second temperature dependent signal for determining the reliability of the analyte sensor.

Abstract: A sample receiving device may have a first part and a second part, the first part may have at least two rod-shaped sample receiving units which are connected to one another via a bendable connection. The second part may have a locking device such that the bendable connection is bent by the shape of the locking device and the ends of the at least two sample receiving units can be guided toward each other so that the sides of the at least two sample receiving devices facing in the direction of a sample are arranged directly next to one another, are locked in this position by the locking device and a single sample can be received in the at least two sample receiving units or with the at least two sample receiving units.

Abstract: A system for verifying a sample volume includes a sample reservoir and a volumetric verification device. The sample reservoir defines an inner volume and is configured to receive a volume of bodily fluid. The inner volume of the sample reservoir contains an additive. The volumetric verification device includes a first indicator and a second indicator. The volumetric verification device is configured to selectively engage the sample reservoir to (1) place the first indicator in a first position along a length of the sample reservoir such that the first indicator is substantially aligned with a surface and/or meniscus of the additive and (2) place the second indicator in a second position along the length of the sample reservoir such that the second indicator is substantially aligned with a predetermined fill volume when bodily fluid is transferred to the inner volume.

Abstract: A method and system for the detection of dyslexia utilizing machine learning Discrete Fourier Transformation technique in conjunction with Support Vector Machine on eye tracking data. Eye movements of a user engaged in reading are captured and processed to generate a dataset. This dataset is then transformed from the time-domain into the frequency-domain using a discrete Fourier transformation technique. The frequency-domain representation is subsequently input into a Support Vector Machine with a linear kernel trained to identify patterns indicative of dyslexia. The system outputs a result based on this analysis, indicating the potential presence or absence of dyslexic tendencies in the user.

Abstract: A system and method for validating a response of a user, the system includes a digital framework comprising a pattern recognition module configured to measure and validate the response of the user. The digital framework includes digitally recorded library of human emotions, unconscious agendas, perceptions, beliefs, and mind sets of the user from a population of users; a digitally recorded set of rules; a digitally recorded user profile of the user. The system also includes question engine configured to interrogate the user using predetermined questions; a chatbot/avatar; a plurality of sensors communicably connected to the digital framework. The system includes a baseline measuring module to evaluate the response of the user and a user reaction to a set of baseline questions posed by the chatbot/avatar, to construct a baseline measure for the user; and a validation engine to validate an accuracy of the response of the user to a plurality of validation questions posed based on baseline measure.

Abstract: A state management device acquires biometric information pertaining to a living body of a measurement subject from a wearable terminal worn by the measurement subject. The state management device specifies stability promoting information for promoting stability of a state of the measurement subject, based on the biometric information and a characteristic of the measurement subject. The state management device outputs the stability promoting information.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a processing unit, a judgement unit, and a communication unit. The processing unit generates state information indicating a state of a target person by processing an image in which the target person is captured. The judgement unit performs, by using the state information, at least one of processing of determining first information needed to be transmitted to a first terminal and processing of deciding whether to transmit the first information to the first terminal. The first terminal is associated with the target person, and is operated by a different person from the target person. The communication unit transmits the first information to the first terminal. The communication apparatus can also support decision-making on how to respond to the target person.

Abstract: The system comprises a prediction module (1) equipped with artificial intelligence to predict neurological disorders in an individual patient and identify a level of neurological disorders; a central processing unit (2) to detect triggering events and circumstances due to which the neurological disorders trigger in an individual patient upon receiving real-time behavior information data generated by a playing ball (3) of an individual patient and distinguish between a normal behavior and a neurological disorders behavior; an alert module (4) to alert the individual patient upon determining neurological disorders behavior; and an entertainment platform (5) to entertain and engage the individual patient with a specific set of activities assigned according to detected triggering events and circumstances upon determining the neurological disorders behavior, wherein a specific set of activities includes listening to music, playing games, and talking to an AI chatbot.

Abstract: Access to a vehicle is controlled based on the presence or amount of one or more analytes in a potential driver. The one or more analytes are detected using a non-invasive analyte sensor. The non-invasive analyte sensor can be included in a steering wheel of the vehicle, a touch point in the vehicle, or a mobile device of the potential driver. The one or more analytes are indicative of an identity and/or a status of the potential driver. The status of the potential driver can include the presence of amounts above a threshold for one or more intoxicants and/or indicators of tiredness or sickness. The access is based on the identity and/or status of the potential driver as indicated by the presence or amount of the one or more analytes.

Abstract: This document describes systems, methods, and devices for sensing electrical activity in a brain of a mammal. Some aspects include a cortical electrode assembly configured, in use, to sense electrical activity at a surface of a brain, the assembly comprising: a ring-shaped substrate; and a plurality of electrical sensors affixed to the ring-shaped substrate, wherein the plurality of electrical sensors are spaced along the ring-shaped substrate so as to form a ring of electrical sensors that substantially encircle an aperture formed by the ring-shaped substrate.

Abstract: A cardiac information dynamic display system comprises: one or more electrodes configured to record sets of electric potential data representing cardiac activity at a plurality of time intervals; and a cardiac information console, comprising: a signal processor configured to: calculate sets of cardiac activity data at the plurality of time intervals using the recorded sets of electric potential data, wherein the cardiac activity data is associated with surface locations of one or more cardiac chambers; and a user interface module configured to display a series of images, each image comprising: a graphical representation of the cardiac activity. Methods of providing cardiac activity data are also provided.

Abstract: A glove that includes a set of electrocardiogram leads coupled to the glove and configured to record a 12-lead electrocardiogram by contacting a body of a user with the set of electrocardiogram leads. The set of electrocardiogram leads include precordial leads that contact a chest of the user and are positioned along a peripheral edge of the glove that connects a palmar side of the glove to a dorsal side of the glove. The set of electrocardiogram leads also includes a first arm lead that is configured to contact a first arm of the user and is positioned on the palmar side of the glove spaced apart from the peripheral edge. Additionally, the set of electrocardiogram leads includes a second arm lead that is configured to contact a second arm of the user and is positioned on the dorsal side of the glove spaced apart from the peripheral edge.

Abstract: A composite component having a piece of material which is elastic in particular and is composed of a foam material or an elastomer material or a silicone, where the piece of material is bonded, inextricably in particular, to a film sensor for measurement of one or more parameters, especially parameters of a human or animal body, having a piece of film with at least one electrical wire disposed on said piece of film, and having at least one measurement sensor which is preferably disposed on said piece of film and is connected to the electrical wire in an electrically conductive manner.

Abstract: A biopotential signal acquisition device includes a plurality of electrodes and an electro-mechanical structure having a plurality of conductive contacts affixed to the plurality of electrodes, one or more electronic components, and a plurality of connectors that mechanically and electrically couple the plurality of conductive contacts and the one or more electronic components. The device also includes a mesh fabric overlaying and bearing mechanical strain of the electro-mechanical structure. The mesh fabric may include a plurality of fibrous threads arranged as a grid in which a first subset of the plurality of threads align in a first direction and a second subset of the plurality of threads align in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The plurality of conductive contacts may be arranged in at least one row along a third direction that is oblique to the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to devices, systems and methods for determining a perspiration metric of a user. In some embodiments, a device may include a perspiration sensor having first and second electrodes positioned on a skin-facing exterior surface of the device. Capacitance circuitry may measure a capacitance between the electrodes, which may be used to calculate the perspiration metric. In some embodiments, the device defines a cavity such that one or both of the electrodes extend at least partially into the cavity. Other embodiments include a second perspiration sensor, and measurements from the second perspiration sensor may be used in calculating the perspiration metric.