Abstract: One variation of a battery unit includes: a series of anode collectors; a set of anode electrodes including anode material arranged on both side of the anode collectors; a set of anode interconnects interposed between and electrically coupling adjacent anode collectors and folded to locate the anode collectors in a boustrophedonic anode stack; a series of cathode collectors; a set of cathode electrodes including cathode material arranged on both side of the cathode collectors; a set of cathode interconnects interposed between and electrically coupling adjacent cathode collectors and folded to locate the cathode collectors in a boustrophedonic cathode stack with cathode collectors interdigitated between anode collectors in the boustrophedonic anode stack; and a set of separators arranged between the anode and cathode electrodes and transporting solvated ions between the anode and cathode electrodes.

Abstract: A method for producing a battery module is provided. The method for producing a battery module includes: stacking a plurality of battery cells; disposing a plurality of bus bars adjacent to electrode leads respectively provided at the plurality of battery cells; by a welding jig, pressing the electrode leads so that the electrode leads come into contact with the bus bars, respectively; and welding the electrode leads and the bus bars through an opening formed in the welding jig.

Abstract: A battery module is provided including a battery unit that includes a battery top cover; a temperature measurement unit, including a temperature collection element to collect temperature of the battery top cover; a harness plate, arranged on the battery top cover and including a harness plate body and a limiting structure arranged on the harness plate body, wherein the limiting structure is matched with the temperature measurement unit; a circuit board, arranged on the harness plate and including a circuit board body and an extending strip arranged on the circuit board body, wherein the temperature collection element is connected with the extending strip; and an electrical connecting sheet arranged on the harness plate to connect different battery units, wherein the temperature measurement unit is arranged between the electrical connecting sheet and the battery top cover, and the electrical connecting sheet exerts pressure onto the temperature measurement unit.

Abstract: A sealed battery with a current breaking mechanism, and a conductor member that is, inside the battery, electrically connected to the current breaking mechanism, and that is, outside the battery, electrically connected to the positive electrode external terminal. The current breaking mechanism includes a thin plate-like inversion plate in which an outer peripheral portion thereof is connected to the positive electrode collector member, and an inner peripheral portion thereof is connected to the conductor member. The inversion plate is, upon an increase in pressure inside the battery, capable of having the inner peripheral portion become displaced so as to be separated from the conductor member. An accommodating recess that receives the inner peripheral portion of the inverted collector member separated and displaced from the conductor member is formed in the positive electrode collector member and in a thickness direction of the positive electrode collector member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery cell for evaluating an internal short circuit, and a method for evaluating using the battery cell, wherein an internal short circuit state of a battery cell can be easily induced and, at the same time, an effective internal short circuit evaluation is possible, and the battery cell comprising: first and second electrodes which comprise a coated region on which an electrode mixture layer is coated on a metal current collector and a non-coated region on which an electrode mixture layer is not coated, and which comprise first and second electrode tabs which protrude in one direction from the coated region and do not have an electrode mixture layer coated thereon.

Abstract: A fuel electrode incorporates a first and second corrugated portion that are attached to each other at offset angles respect to their corrugation axis and therefore reinforce each other. A first corrugated portion may extend orthogonally with respect to a second corrugated portion. The first and second corrugated portions may be formed from metal wire and may therefore have a very high volumetric void fraction and a high surface area to volume ratio (sa/vol). In addition, the strands of the wire may be selected to enable high conductivity to the current collectors while maximizing the sa/vol. In addition, the shape of the corrugation, including the period distance, amplitude and geometry may be selected with respect to the stiffness requirements and electrochemical cell application factors. The first and second corrugated portions may be calendared or crushed to reduce thickness of the fuel electrode.

Abstract: A fuel cell unit that includes a support structure having a plurality of flow channels and an active layer membrane coupled with the support structure, the active layer membrane comprising at least one electrode layer. Each flow channel of the plurality of flow channels is configured to direct one of air and fuel across at least one electrode layer of an active layer membrane to create electric current. Each flow channel of the plurality of flow channels includes at least one enhancement feature that is configured to disrupt a formation of a boundary layer near a surface of the active layer membrane where reactions occur. The plurality of flow channels can be positioned in a zig-zag configuration to allow for an increase in power density of the fuel cell unit.

Abstract: An assembly for an electrochemical device is provided, including a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element produced on the gas diffusion layer. The sealing element includes an inner sealing region fixed to the gas diffusion layer and an outer sealing region connected to the gas diffusion layer via the inner sealing region. The assembly has minimal warpage without the temperature in the injection molding tool having to be lowered and/or a geometric pre-compensation of the warpage of the sealing element in the inner sealing region. The sealing element includes a relief region arranged between the inner and outer sealing regions and a) includes a relief opening extending through the sealing element and/or b) has a smallest height (he), which is smaller than both one fourth of the greatest height (HI) of the inner sealing region and one fourth of the greatest height (HA) of the outer sealing region.

Abstract: To provide an air-cooled fuel cell system configured to efficiently warm up a fuel cell. An air-cooled fuel cell system, wherein the air-cooled fuel cell system comprises: a fuel cell, a reaction air supplier configured to supply reaction air to a reaction air inlet of the fuel cell, a reaction air supply flow path configured to connect the reaction air supplier and the reaction air inlet of the fuel cell, a reaction air discharge flow path configured to connect a reaction air outlet of the fuel cell and the outside of the air-cooled fuel cell system, a housing, a temperature acquirer configured to acquire a temperature of inside air discharged from a cooling air outlet, and a controller; and wherein, based on the temperature measured by the temperature acquirer, the controller controls opening and closing of the opening and closing unit and an opening degree thereof.

Abstract: A fuel cell module includes a container and a plurality of cell members radially arranged inside the container. Inside the container, a first fluid flow path through which a first fluid that exchanges heat with an inner portion of the plurality of cell members flows is formed, and a second fluid flow path through which a second fluid that exchanges heat with an outer portion of the plurality of cell members flows is formed. A first heat exchange portion that forms the first fluid flow path and exchanges heat with the cell member has a smaller heat transfer area with the cell member than a second heat exchange portion that forms the second fluid flow path and exchanges heat with the cell member. The first fluid having a larger temperature difference with the cell member than the second fluid flows in the first fluid flow path.

Abstract: A freight vehicle has a loading space, on which freight is loaded, rearward of a vehicle cabin in which an occupant rides. The freight vehicle includes a fuel cell mounted below the vehicle cabin and functioning as an electric power source, a storage portion disposed between the vehicle cabin and the loading space, and a tank disposed in the storage portion and stores fuel gas that is supplied to the fuel cell, and a radiator installed in the storage portion and performs heat exchange between air and a coolant that is supplied to the fuel cell.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for an integrated air filter assembly for a multiple fuel cell powertrain. The integrated air filter assembly can include a common inlet to pull air from a single plenum of the hood, where the intake path can be split into multiple ducts providing air flow into each respective fuel cell. Each duct can include a dedicated air filter to filter the incoming air. The assembly can also include flexible seal to adapt to the unique hood/plenum shape of different OEM plenums/intakes.

Abstract: A fault diagnostic apparatus for a fuel cell electric vehicle and a method therefor are provided. The apparatus includes: a main relay connected to a fuel cell stack; a power converter connected to the main relay; a heater relay connected to the fuel cell stack and the main relay at one end and connected to a cathode oxygen depletion (COD) heater at the other end; and a fuel cell control unit (FCU) connected with the main relay, the power converter, and the heater relay. The FCU diagnoses a fault of the main relay based on an amount of change in stack voltage according to control to turn off and on the heater relay and a power of the power converter according to variable control of a voltage of the power converter, when the vehicle enters a shutdown sequence, and outputs the diagnosed result.

Abstract: Fuel cell batteries are provided, and in particular hydrogen fuel cell batteries composed of at least one stack of cells. The battery is divided into at least two groups of cells able to be supplied with hydrogen separately. In a first phase, only the first group of cells and not the second is supplied; unconsumed hydrogen may however flow between the two groups via at least one evacuation manifold connected to the cells of the two groups. In a second phase, the supply to the two groups is reversed, unconsumed hydrogen still being able to flow between the two groups via the evacuation manifold. In a third phase, after a series of alternations of the two first phases, the two groups are first simultaneously supplied, then a purge valve of the evacuation manifold is opened then closed.

Abstract: A method of maintaining a thermal balance in a solid oxide reversible fuel cell system comprising a solid oxide reversible fuel cell, an air intake for providing air to the solid oxide reversible fuel cell, and a steam reformer fluidly coupled to the solid oxide fuel cell for providing fuel to the solid oxide reversible fuel cell. The method comprising operating the solid oxide reversible fuel cell system in a forward mode in which the steam former receives natural gas and produces hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide to be provided to the solid oxide reversible fuel cell, and operating the solid oxide reversible fuel cell system in a reverse mode in which the steam reformer receives hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide from the solid oxide reversible fuel cell and produces natural gas and water.

Abstract: A method of controlling a fuel cell device includes: a step of determining whether impedance between a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode is greater than a predetermined threshold during a steady operation of the fuel cell device; a step of decreasing a flow rate of a gas circulating via a circulation passage connecting a gas introduction passage of the gas supply unit to a gas discharge passage when the impedance is greater than the predetermined threshold; a step of measuring the voltage between the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode when the impedance is equal to or less than the predetermined threshold, and determining whether the voltage is equal to or less than a first predetermined threshold; and a step of increasing the flow rate of the gas circulating via the circulation passage when the voltage is equal to or less than the first predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Stainless steel for a fuel cell separator plate and a manufacturing method therefor are disclosed. The stainless steel for a fuel cell separator plate, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a stainless base material; and a passive film formed on the stainless base material, wherein a Cr/Fe atomic weight ratio in a 1 nm or less thickness region of the stainless base material, which is adjacent to an interface between the stainless and the passive film, is 0.45 or more. Therefore, by modifying the surface of the stainless steel for a fuel cell separator plate, a low interface contact resistance and a good corrosion resistance can be obtained, and a separate additional process such as precious metal coating can be removed, such that manufacturing costs are reduced and productivity can be improved.

Abstract: The invention features redox flow batteries and compound useful therein as negolytes or posolytes. The batteries and compounds are advantageous in terms of being useable in water solutions at neutral pH and have extremely high capacity retention. Suitable negolytes are diquaternized bipyridines, suitable posolytes are water-soluble ferrocene derivatives.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are batteries and methods of making batteries. The batteries disclosed herein generally comprise a cathode, an electrolyte capable of conducting protons and/or hydronium ions, and an anode comprising a material capable of absorbing protons and/or hydronium ions, wherein (i) the cathode is in contact with a cathode substance, or (ii) the electrolyte comprises a reduced cathode substance, or (iii) the cathode is in contact with a cathode substance and the electrolyte comprises a reduced cathode substance, and wherein the cathode substance is an oxide of one or more metals or an oxide of a halide.

Abstract: In a redox flow battery (RFB), the base solvent of the electrolytes tends to migrate across the barrier layer from one electrode toward the other. This can result in a volume and concentration imbalance between the electrolytes that is detrimental to battery efficiency and capacity. Compatible electrolytes can be mixed to rebalance the system, but for incompatible electrolytes mixing is not a viable option. To this end, the RFB herein includes a separator that recovers base solvent from the vapor phase of one of the electrolytes and returns the recovered base solvent to the other electrolyte to thereby reverse the imbalance.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a membrane for a redox flow battery which is prevented from being curled and exhibits high power efficiency, a membrane electrode assembly for a redox flow battery, a cell for a redox flow battery, and a redox flow battery. The object can be attained by a membrane for a redox flow battery, comprising a first ion-exchange resin layer, an anion-exchange resin layer containing an anion-exchange compound, and a second ion-exchange resin layer in the presented order, wherein a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the first ion-exchange resin layer by a thickness of the second ion-exchange resin layer is 0.7 or more and 1.3 or less, and a thickness of the anion-exchange resin layer is 0.02 ?m or larger and 3 ?m or smaller.

Abstract: An inlet header having: an inner end, an outer end, a plurality of segments therebetween, including: an outer segment that extends from the outer end to a first intermediate end, the outer segment defines a cylindrical profile; a first intermediate segment that forms an outer elbow and extends from the first intermediate end to a second intermediate end, the second intermediate end has a rectangular shape, and the first intermediate segment increases in width proportionally as it extends toward the second intermediate end; a second intermediate segment that extends from the second intermediate end to a third intermediate end, the third intermediate end has a rectangular shape, and the second intermediate segment increases in width and height proportionally as it extends toward the third intermediate end; and an inner segment that forms an inner elbow and extends from the third intermediate end to the inner end of the inlet header.

Abstract: A combustion section defines an axial direction, a radial direction, and a circumferential direction. The combustion section includes a casing that defines a diffusion chamber. A combustion liner is disposed within the diffusion chamber and defines a combustion chamber. The combustion liner is spaced apart from the casing such that a passageway is defined between the combustion liner and the casing. A fuel cell assembly is disposed in the passageway. The fuel cell assembly includes a fuel cell stack having a plurality of fuel cells each extending between an inlet end and an outlet end. Each fuel cell of the plurality of fuel cells includes an air channel and a fuel channel each fluidly coupled to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A transmission line for transmitting radiofrequency range current between a first conductive element and a second conductive element, the transmission line comprising a signal current line and at least one return current line, the signal current line and the return current line(s) extending in parallel. Each current line comprises at least one first segment and at least one second segment. Each first segment is partially aligned with at least one adjacent second segment, aligned segments being separated by a first dielectric gap, and each aligned first segment and second segment forming a capacitive coupling across the first dielectric gap. This solution enables a transmission line which provides only small capacitive loading onto its surroundings, and which therefore can extend, e.g., through an antenna element without significantly affecting the performance of the antenna element.

Abstract: A single-layer cross-coupling filter includes a cavity in which a receiving space is formed; an integrally formed resonant structure installed in the receiving space; and at least one partition wall. The resonant structure includes at least two rows of resonant units distributed along a signal transmission path. The at least two rows of resonant units are located in a same plane of the receiving space, and each row of the resonant units includes a plurality of resonators. The resonators on a same row are coupled and connected to form signal transmission, and at least two adjacent resonators in different rows are coupled and connected to realize cross-coupling.

Abstract: A Substrate Integrated Wave (SIW) coupled to a Suspended Substrate Stripline (SSS) filter for introducing a notch response has a substrate having metal layers formed on a top surface and a bottom surface thereof. A filter circuit is formed on the top surface of the substrate. A top ground plate is provided and has an air cavity formed on a bottom surface of the top ground plate. The air cavity on the top ground plate is positioned directly above the filter circuit when the top ground plate is positioned on the top surface of the substrate. A bottom ground plate is provided and has an air cavity formed on a top surface of the bottom ground plate. The air cavity on the bottom ground plate is positioned directly below the filter circuit when the bottom ground plate is positioned on the bottom surface of the substrate. A SIW cavity resonator is coupled to the filter circuit by means of an aperture to create a notch response in the SSS filter.

Abstract: Provided is a process for manufacturing magnetically tunable nano-resonators. The nano-resonators comprise nanoparticles of a crystalline magnetic material embedded into cavities of a substrate.

Abstract: Waveguide device for guiding a radio frequency signal at a given frequency f, the device including: a core manufactured by additive manufacturing and including side walls with inner and outer surfaces, the inner surfaces delimiting a waveguide channel, wherein a cross-section of the channel has two straight sides joined together by two half-portions, at least one of the two half-portions being rounded or formed of at least two straight segments, the cross-section having a maximum length (a) and a maximum width (b), the ratio between the maximum length (a)/maximum width (b) being between 2.05 and 3.5, preferably between 2.05 and 2.4.

Abstract: Waveguide device (1) for guiding a radio frequency signal at a given frequency f, the device (1) including: a core (3) manufactured by additive manufacturing and including side walls with inner and outer surfaces (7, 8), the inner surfaces (7) delimiting a waveguide channel (2), wherein a cross-section of the channel (2) has two straight sides joined together by two half-portions, at least one of the two half-portions being rounded or formed of at least two straight segments the cross-section having a maximum length (a) and a maximum width (b), the ratio between the maximum length (a)/maximum width (b) being between 2.05 and 3.5, preferably between 2.05 and 2.4.

Abstract: An antenna pedestal including: a body having an inner cavity defined by a wall and a top ledge; a Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system to provide climate control for the inner cavity; and a door to access the inner cavity of the body, wherein the top ledge supports a mechanical steering.

Abstract: The present disclosure has disclosed an antenna mounting device configured to collectively mount a plurality of base station antennas on a mast of a communication tower. The antenna mounting device is substantially in the shape of a polygon, and the mast is disposed at a center of the polygon. The antenna mounting device comprises: a plurality of brackets, which are elongated and include a head bracket, at least one intermediate bracket and a tail bracket attached sequentially; and a bracket fastening mechanism which is disposed between two adjacent ends of the head bracket and an adjacent intermediate bracket, or disposed between two adjacent ends of the adjacent intermediate brackets, or disposed between two adjacent ends of the tail bracket and the adjacent intermediate bracket, and which is configured to move two adjacent ends of the adjacent brackets from a position away from each other to a position close to each other.

Abstract: A mount main body for a parapet-hanging-type antenna is provided with a vertical support column part (or VSC part) that vertically hangs down along an outer wall surface of parapet. The antenna is installed to VSC part so as not to protrude upward from the parapet. A horizontal support column part (or HSC part) that bends and horizontally extends in a direction orthogonal to the parapet is provided at an upper end of VSC part. The mount main body is provided with a cylinder holding HSC part such that HSC part is movable frontward/backward along a central axis thereof and is rotatable about the central axis. VSC part is made pullable to an inner wall side of the parapet by rotating HSC part about the central axis, and moving HSC part to the inner wall side of the parapet along the central axis.

Abstract: A controllable electrical outlet may comprise a resonant loop antenna. The resonant loop antenna may comprise a feed loop electrically coupled to a radio-frequency (RF) communication circuit and a main loop magnetically coupled to the feed loop. The controllable electrical outlet may comprise one or more electrical receptacles configured to receive a plug of a plug-in electrical load and may be configured to control power delivered to the plug-in electrical load in response to an RF signal received via the RF communication circuit. The RF performance of the controllable electrical outlet may be substantially immune to devices plugged into the receptacles (e.g., plugs, power supplies, etc.) due to the operation of the resonant loop antenna. For example, degradation of the RF performance of the controllable electrical outlet may be less when the controllable electrical outlet includes the resonant loop antenna rather than other types of antennas.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes an antenna structure and a housing. The antenna structure includes a first radiating element, a grounding element, and a second radiating element. The first radiating element includes a first radiating portion and a grounding portion. Two ends of the grounding portion are respectively connected with the first radiating portion and the grounding element. The first radiating portion, the grounding portion and the grounding portion form a surrounding structure. The second radiating element includes a second radiating portion, a third radiating portion, a fourth radiating portion, and a feeding portion connected between the second radiating portion, the third radiating portion and the fourth radiating portion. The second radiating portion and the first radiating portion are separated from each other and couple to each other.

Abstract: A scalable, high-bandwidth connectivity architecture for portable storage devices and memory modules may utilize EHF communication link chip packages mounted in various two-dimensional and three-dimensional configurations on planar surfaces such as printed circuit boards. Multiple electromagnetic communication links between devices distributed on major faces of card-like devices may be provided with respectively aligned pairs of communication units on each device. Adjacent communication units on a printed circuit board may transmit or receive electromagnetic radiation having different polarization, such as linear or elliptical polarization. Power and communication between communication devices may both be provided wirelessly.

Abstract: An antenna structure applied in a wireless communication device includes a metal frame, a first feed portion, a second feed portion, and a ground portion. The metal frame defines a first gap and a second gap. A portion of the metal frame positioned between the first gap and the second gap forms the first radiation portion. The first feed portion is electrically connected to the first radiation portion and a first signal feed point for feeding current and signals to the first radiation portion. The second feed portion is positioned apart from the first feed portion, electrically connected to the first radiation portion and a second signal feed point for feeding current and signal to the first radiation portion. The ground portion is positioned between the first feed portion and the second feed portion and is connected to the first radiation portion for grounding the first radiation portion.

Abstract: This document describes a multi-function module for mmWave communication and user input using mechanical switches in an electronic device. The multi-function module may be located behind a non-conductive button (e.g., volume button, power button) of the electronic device. Further, the multi-function module includes an elongated antenna substrate with mechanical switches mounted thereon and distributed along a longitudinal length of the antenna substrate. At least one of the mechanical switches is implemented as a radiating element for a mmWave patch antenna. The multi-function module also includes one or more integrated circuit components mounted to the antenna substrate and configured to use the at least one mechanical switch as the radiating element for the mmWave patch antenna to provide the mmWave communication. In this way, the multi-function module enables the mechanical switches to coexist with the mmWave patch antennas.

Abstract: A portable communication device including a processor positioned in a first PCB, a communication circuit; and an antenna module. The antenna module includes a second PCB, an antenna array positioned in the second PCB, wherein the antenna array includes a plurality of antennas, a plurality of PAs, a plurality of LNAs, wherein the plurality of LNAs is greater than the plurality of PAs, a first transmission-reception circuit positioned in the second PCB, and a first reception circuit positioned in the second PCB.

Abstract: An outdoor customer premises equipment (CPE) is disclosed. The out door CPE may include: a main body which includes a printed circuit board (PCB), a heat sink, a heater assembly, a SIM card holder, a radio frequency (RF) cable and a fifth generation (5G) communication module; and an antenna module which is detachably connected to the main body and includes a cable interface connected to the RF cable, where the antenna module is a high-gain antenna module or a low-gain antenna module.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes strand mounts for small cell radios. The strand mount includes a frame including opposing frame sections, each frame section is configured such that one or more radios and/or antennas can be mounted to an outer surface of the respective frame section and extend outwardly therefrom, an extension member coupled to an end of the frame and configured such that one or more radios and/or antennas can be mounted thereto, the extension member being configured to rotate to a desired angle relative to the frame to achieve a desired azimuth, and one or more mounting clamps coupled to the frame, the one or more mounting clamps being configured to secure the strand mount on a cable strand. Alternative strand mounts and strand mount assemblies are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to using a plurality of antennas radially distributed about a rotatable turret to sequentially scan a field of view. Each of the plurality of antennas directs an electromagnetic beam and senses its reflection along a principal direction defined by a roll position of the rotatable turret and an azimuthal beam angle. The principal directions of the antennas have a unique azimuthal beam angle relative to a boresight (i.e., axis of rotation). As the turret rotates, each of these antennas is sequentially turned on at a first roll position and off at a second roll position. This enables electromagnetic beams generated by the antennas to pan a scene both in azimuth and roll. An image processor then determines, based on the reflected signals received by the plurality of antennas, directions to and/or velocities of objects within the scanned field of view.

Abstract: A millimeter-wave antenna for 5G applications is provided which includes an upper outer layer with a plurality of first radiating elements arranged spaced apart from each other on a first dielectric sublayer, a first inner layer arranged below the upper outer layer and having a plurality of through slots for conveying, towards the first radiating elements feeding signals to be radiated, a second inner layer arranged below and adjacent to the first inner layer having a dielectric sublayer on which there is arranged a plurality of conductive lines for conducting the feeding signals to be radiated towards the first radiating elements, a further inner layer arranged below and adjacent to the second inner layer, and a plurality of first through openings each formed on the further inner layer in a position corresponding to the position of an associated through slot.

Abstract: The present disclosure described devices, components, connectors, and cables that connect an audio-visual device to an external antenna. Some embodiments describe a device connector for connecting the audio-visual device to an external cable. The device connector may include a supply port that is configured to receive power, data signals, and/or some combination of power and data from a source external to the audio-visual device. The device connector may also include an antenna port that is configured to connect the audio-visual device to an external antenna that is, for example, part of the same. Additionally, the device connector may include a detection mechanism that detects the presence of an antenna connection in the antenna port. When an antenna connection is detected, the audio-visual device may be configured to use one or more external antennas connected via the antenna connection to send and receive, e.g., WiFi signals.

Abstract: A transition device for transitioning microwaves from an air-filled waveguide to an antenna. The air-filled waveguide is assumed to have an attachment flange, with the transition device having a compatible transition attachment flange. A rod has an upper portion extending upwardly through the flanges and a lower portion extending downwardly into the air-filled waveguide. The rode is made from a solid piece of high-dielectric material. The rod's outer surfaces of the upper portion (other than its end face) are metal plated, such that the upper portion provides a solid waveguide having a radiating aperture antenna.

Abstract: An artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) antenna apparatus includes a ground plane and a flexible antenna element layer above the ground plane. The ground plane includes a conductive base surface, a plurality of memory metal wires, and a frequency selective surface (FSS) layer above the base surface, where the FSS layer includes a plurality of conductive patches separated from one another. Each of the memory metal wires electrically connects one of the conductive patches to the base surface. Each of the memory metal wires is rigid in a memory-shaped state, causing the FSS layer to be fixedly spaced from the base surface during operation of the AMC antenna apparatus. The memory metal wires are each flexible in a non-memory-shaped state, enabling the FSS layer to be collapsed towards the base surface when the antenna apparatus is stowed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a radar antenna including an antenna body including a first plate and a second plate; a slot radiation part and a slot reception part formed in the first plate; a transmission port and a reception port formed in the second plate; and a waveguide formed by assembling the first and second plates. The slot radiation part includes a first slot radiation part configured to radiate a radio wave in a first detection range, and a second slot radiation part configured to radiate radio waves in a second detection range having a larger width and distance than the first detection range.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an antenna array may comprise a dielectric; a first patch antenna disposed on a first region of the dielectric; a second patch antenna disposed on a second region of the dielectric; and a ground layer including a first sub-ground layer in contact with a lower portion of the first region of the dielectric, a third sub-ground layer in contact with a lower portion of the second region of the dielectric, and a second sub-ground layer spaced apart from a lower portion between the first region and the second region of the dielectric.

Abstract: A dual-frequency and dual-polarization antenna for simultaneously transmitting and receiving dual-frequency 5G signals comprises: a first substrate; a first polarization antenna comprising a first radiation portion disposed on a first surface of the first substrate and a second radiation portion disposed on a second surface of the first substrate; a second polarization antenna comprising a third radiation portion disposed on the first surface of the first substrate and a fourth radiation portion disposed on the second surface of the first substrate; a second substrate located in a side of the second surface of the first substrate, a surface of the second substrate close to the first substrate is a copper-clad surface; and layout directions of the first polarization antenna and the second polarization antenna are orthogonal to each other in the first substrate. An electronic device comprising the dual-frequency and dual-polarization antenna is also provided.

Abstract: An antenna comprises a substantially circular ground plane with an upper surface and a defined center. A plurality of radiating elements are placed radially on the upper surface, arranged at constant angles around the defined center to, when electrically excited, create a plurality of circularly polarized electromagnetic emissions. Each radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements is in electrical communication with an electromagnetic source via an electrically conductive feed, the electromagnetic source configured, when in use, to create a radial excitation current on the radiating element, and further configured, when in use, to provide phase and amplitude control of the excited current on the radiating element for both beam forming and 360 degree beam steering by superposing omnidirectional circularly polarized electromagnetic emissions.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to a node in a fixed wireless network. A controller determines optimal paths between nodes through relational calculations. Phase shifts are made to signals generated from one node to another according to the optimal path direction.