Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling gas flow rate to the membrane of a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) in order to effect one or more process outcomes, in particular to reduce or minimize N2O emissions in the exhaust gas from the MABR while managing gas delivery to mixing apparatus of the MABR and maintaining NH4 and NO3 targets in the treated effluent, the method comprising monitoring one or more parameters of the wastewater and the exhaust gas and modulating the supply of feed gas to the membrane based on the one or more parameters in order to control the composition of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an MABR-based method for treating rare earth mine tailwater, comprising: introducing rare earth mine tailwater into a sedimentation pond and simultaneously injecting pig farm breeding tailwater into the sedimentation pond, and fully mixing the two in the sedimentation pond for solid particulate sedimentation; performing pH adjustment, MABR enhancement treatment, percolation treatment with a percolation dam, and ecological purification with an ecological purification pond; and overflowing and discharging the rare earth mine tailwater purified by the ecological purification pond to a natural water body.

Abstract: A porous biochar for improving heavy pollution and a method for producing the same. Said porous biochar is prepared as follows: arrowhead, which has excellent enrichment of lead, is used to absorb heavy metal lead in polluted water or artificial wetlands, simultaneously absorb heavy metal cadmium, thereafter is dried and treated as a biomass, and then the biomass is calcined in stages with a passivating agent in a high temperature environment, so as to heavy metals such as lead and cadmium be stably coated or enriched in a biochar, which is mixed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa having high resistant, to obtain the porous biochar; the porous biochar has high specific surface area, high porosity and excellent mechanical properties, is very stable under different acid-base environments and oxidizing conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are well treatment composition and methods. In a specific embodiment, a well treatment composition includes: denatured algae, where the denatured algae have a protein content from about 20.0 wt % to about 90.0 wt %, and where the denatured algae have a lipid content from about 0.1 wt % to about 30.0 wt %; one or more carrier fluids; and one or more additives. In another specific embodiment, a method of making a well treatment composition can include contacting one or more algae with one or more denaturants to make a denatured algae, where the denatured algae have a protein content from about 20.0 wt % to about 90.0 wt %, and where the denatured algae have a lipid content from about 0.1 wt % to about 30.0 wt %; and contacting the denatured algae with one or more carrier fluids to make a well treatment composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a batch process for washing of soil, sediment, sludge and other Fe containing substrates to remove toxic metalloids, notably As and Sb, and toxic metals, notably Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Hg, Mo, Mn, Tl, Cr, Cs, Sr, Th and U. The present invention aids in treatment of waste washing and rinsing solutions generated from washing the substrate contaminated with toxic metalloids and with toxic metals. The invention furthermore aids in reclamation of washing and rinsing solutions, reagents and other materials, and in activation of recycled chelator for more efficient removal of toxic metals from substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment system having: a first unit having a dirty water generation source; a second unit designed to purify water, the second unit having at least one of a purification tank, a solid-liquid separation tank, and an oil separation tank, and conducting a primary treatment of contaminated water that is received; and a third unit having a contaminated-water inlet, a primary reception tank, an intermediate treatment tank, a reserve treatment tank, a circulation treatment tank, a concentrated water and impurity tank, and an aseptic drainage tank. Each of the first to third units is equipped with a sensor and a valve. The third unit is furthermore equipped with a control device and at least one of a pump, a sterilization device, a disinfection device, and a sterilizer.

Abstract: A water treatment system includes a coagulating and flocculating system, an ultrafiltration membrane, and a fluid driver. The coagulating and flocculating system includes a first inlet for receiving water and a second inlet configured to receive a coagulating and flocculating agent. The coagulating and flocculating system is configured to precipitate dissolved phosphorous from the water, and to provide a flocculated effluent at an outlet of the coagulating and flocculating system. The ultrafiltration membrane includes an inlet that is fluidly coupled to an outlet of the coagulating and flocculating system. The ultrafiltration membrane is configured to separate the precipitated phosphorus from the flocculated effluent. The fluid driver is adapted to transfer the flocculated effluent from the outlet of the coagulating and flocculating system to the inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane at sustained flux rates of at least 150 LMH.

Abstract: The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and discloses an electrochemical nitrogen and phosphorus removal device and a method.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to water treatment modules that may be adapted to achieve required standards of capacity or purity. The disclosure describes the linkage of different water treatment treatment modules to achieve the required standards.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of treating urban and industrial saline sludges in general and more specifically the “conditioning” thereof before it is removed through the appropriate channels. The drying composition of the invention makes it possible to easily transport and store saline sludges, namely all sludges comprising even small quantities of salts made up of inorganic anions, in particular chlorides, and cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Said drying composition is characterized in that it comprises: —at least 50% and up to 99% by weight of a superabsorbent polymer—and from 1% to 99% by weight of a flocculant polymer. It makes it possible to dry saline sludges by significantly reducing the quantity of superabsorbent required to achieve said outcome. The invention also relates to the use of the composition for conditioning saline sludges.

Abstract: A method for shaping an optical element includes heating a first surface of an optical element, and allowing the first surface of the optical element to cool, thereby causing residual stress in the first surface which deforms the optical element to a predetermined shape. Heating can include applying a laser to the first surface.

Abstract: A strengthened cover glass or glass-ceramic sheet or article as well as processes and systems for making the strengthened glass or glass-ceramic sheet or article is provided for use in consumer electronic devices. The process comprises cooling the cover glass sheet by non-contact thermal conduction for sufficiently long to fix a surface compression and central tension of the sheet. The process results in thermally strengthened cover glass sheets for use in or on consumer electronic products.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of glass base material for optical fiber in which occurrence of opaque glass portion and elongation can be suppressed is provided. A preparation step of porous base material for optical fiber in which a porous glass layer is formed around the periphery of a core rod; a sintering preparation step, in which the porous base material for optical fiber is hung in a furnace core tube of a sintering apparatus; and a sintering step in which a mixture of halogen-containing gas and inert gas is flowing into the furnace core tube and the porous base material for optical fiber is made into transparent glass by heating the porous base material for optical fiber while moving the heater relative to the porous base material for optical fiber from one end of the core rod to the other end, to obtain glass base material for optical fiber, are performed.

Abstract: A silicate-based glass composition includes 15-65 wt. % SiO2, 2.5-25 wt. % MgO, 1-30 wt. % P2O5, and 15-50 wt. % CaO, such that the composition has a hydrolytic resistance of glass grains (HGB) of at most 3, when measured by International Organization for Standardization section 719 (ISO 719) and forms a bioactive crystalline phase in a simulated body fluid.

Abstract: An alkali free glass having an average coefficient of thermal expansion at 50 to 350° C. of 30×10?7 to 43×10?7/° C., a strain point of 650 to 725° C., a temperature T4 at which a viscosity reaches 104 dPa·s of 1,290° C. or lower, and a temperature T2 at which the viscosity reaches 102 dPa·s of 1,680° C. or lower, and including, as represented by mol % based on oxides: 62 to 67% of SiO2, 8 to 13% of MgO, 6 to 12% of CaO, 0.5 to 4% of SrO, and 0 to 0.5% of BaO, wherein MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO is 18 to 22%, and MgO/CaO is 0.8 or more, and the alkali free glass has a value expressed by the following Expression (I) of 4.6 or less: (7.87[A2O3]-8.5[B2O3]+11.35[MgO]+7.09[CaO]+5.52[SrO]?1.45[BaO])/[SiO2]?? Expression (I).

Abstract: A glass-ceramic article includes a crystalline phase, a residual glass phase, greater than or equal to 55 mol % and less than or equal to 80 mol % SiO2, greater than or equal to 1 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % Al2O3, greater than or equal to 13 mol % and less than or equal to 35 mol % Li2O, greater than or equal to 0.05 mol % and less than or equal to 5 mol % Na2O, greater than or equal to 0.05 mol % and less than or equal to 3 mol % K2O, greater than or equal to 0.2 mol % and less than or equal to 2 mol % P2O5, and greater than or equal to 1.5 mol % and less than or equal to 10 mol % ZrO2, wherein the crystalline phase comprises a lithium disilicate sub-phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell-unit glass substrate manufacturing method for manufacturing a plurality of cell-unit glass substrates from a glass substrate, wherein the method includes a deformation portion formation step, a protective film lamination step, a first etching step, a second etching step, and a substrate separation step.

Abstract: In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a thermochromic window can include a first transparent layer, a second transparent layer, and a thermochromic fiber layer sandwiched between the first transparent layer and the second transparent layer. In certain embodiments, the thermochromic fiber layer may be embedded in the second transparent layer. The thermochromic window can be configured to selectively absorb or reflect infrared radiation (IR) as a function of a critical temperature.

Abstract: A panel is provided. The panel includes a substrate having a top surface and a liquid-repelling element disposed on the top surface as a single line free of parallel sublines, the single line defining a geometric pattern. The liquid-repelling element comprises graphene nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of tinting or coloring glass. The following layers are deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; a primer layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, these layers may be deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, the invention is a coated article that includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, an absorbing layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The absorbing layer can be Inconel, titanium nitride, cobalt chrome (stellite), or nickel chrome material, and has a thickness in the range of 50 ? to 150 ?.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a strengthened glass and a glass strengthening method, and an electronic device housing. Two opposing sides of the strengthened glass have surface compressive stress layers, and a third stress layer is sandwiched between the two surface compressive stress layers. The third stress layer includes a compressive stress region and multiple tensile stress regions spaced apart within the compressive stress region, the multiple tensile stress regions are extended in a thickness direction of the strengthened glass, and each of the tensile stress regions is surrounded by the compressive stress region. A sum of thicknesses of the surface compressive stress layers and a thickness of the compressive stress region located between two adjacent tensile stress regions is equal to a thickness of the strengthened glass.

Abstract: The present application discloses a glass fiber sizing composition. The glass fiber sizing composition comprises effective components and water, and has a solid content of 4.0% to 6.0%; and the effective components comprise a silane coupling agent, a film former, a lubricant, a surfactant, a leveling agent, an interfacial reinforcing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, and a pH regulator. A glass fiber produced by the sizing composition has desirable strand integrity properties, softness and high dispersibility after a certain tension; the glass fiber also has high permeation velocity and complete permeation effect in the epoxy resin. The glass fiber shows excellent interfacial compatibility with the resin, and is suitable for weaving technology, especially for producing a heavy wind blade fabric. A composite formed by vacuum infusion of the fabric and the epoxy resin has desirable static mechanics and fatigue properties.

Abstract: In a glass cloth made of glass filaments having a composition which is at least 50 wt % SiO2, the filaments have a diameter that is 0.5 ?m or more and less than 3.0 ?m. The glass cloth has a thickness of 15 ?m or less and a weight of from 0.3 to 10 g/m2.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method comprises: depositing an adhesion layer comprising manganese oxide (MnOx) onto a surface of a glass or glass ceramic substrate; depositing a first layer of conductive metal onto the adhesion layer; and annealing the adhesion layer in a reducing atmosphere. Optionally, the method further comprises pre-annealing the adhesion layer in an oxidizing atmosphere before annealing the adhesion layer in a reducing atmosphere.

Abstract: Wasted gypsum boards are crushed and heated to convert semi-hydrated gypsum and/or anhydrous type III gypsum, and the obtained semi-hydrated gypsum and/or anhydrous type III gypsum is mixed with gypsum slurry. The gypsum slurry is solid/liquid separated by a filtration device into gypsum particles and filtrate which has passed through the filter cloth of the filtration device. The filtrate is returned into the gypsum slurry. The solid/liquid separation is performed such that the concentration of the suspended solid in the filtrate that has passed through the filter cloth and consists of gypsum granules and inorganic impurities derived from wasted gypsum boards is made 1000 to 8000 mass ppm. The clogging of the filter cloth is reduced.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a ready mix composition. The ready mix composition comprises a dry waste foundry sand, at least one binding agent, at least one polymer, and optionally at least one filler. The present disclosure further relates to a process for the preparation of a ready mix composition and a kit comprising the ready mix composition. The ready mix composition of the present disclosure does not require water for curing, has improved bond fixing time and trafficable time. The composition provides an improved appearance and is eco-friendly.

Abstract: Concrete is the most used building material in the world and its use eclipses all other building materials. Sand is an ingredient of any concrete and the addition of treated sawdust reduces the amount of sand that is required. Even though sawdust is added, it does not eliminate the need for sand or the other ingredients found in concrete. However, in order to reduce the environmental impact of mining ingredients, this application has replaced some of the sand that is used in concrete with sawdust that has been saturated. The finished product retains the composition and durability of the finished concrete product and particularly the strength and durability of concrete.

Abstract: Hydraulic binder reducing formulation, agent or additive for cementitious compositions, cementitious compositions containing same, and method of preparing the same. The binder reducing formulation comprises carbon nanotubes, preferably functionalized carbon nanotubes, most preferably carboxylic acid functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes. The binder reducing formulation may also comprise one or more of silane, glycerol, nanosilica and a surfactant. The cementitious compositions including the binder reducing formulation achieve strength values equal to or greater than strength values achieved with similar or identical cementitious compositions but devoid of the binder reducing composition.

Abstract: The present application relates to the technical field of road infrastructure, and provides a cement-based pervious pavement structure, a manufacturing method of the cement-based pervious pavement structure, and an application of the cement-based pervious pavement structure. The cement-based pervious pavement structure includes: a lower structural layer as the base; an upper surfacing layer overlaid on said lower structural layer and including: 1.0-2.0 parts by weight of upper layer (fine) aggregate; 0.40-0.70 part by weight of cement; 0.02-0.03 part by weight of titanium dioxide; 0.03-0.04 part by weight of water reducing agent; 0.001-0.002 part by weight of defoamer. The cement-based pervious pavement structure provided by the present application can provide air purification function taking into account the practical cost.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes at least one concrete member formed from a concrete mix including a ternary mixture of pozzolanic materials. The ternary mixture includes: a combination of a first pozzolanic supplemental cementitious material and a second pozzolanic supplemental cementitious material; and a pozzolanic supplemental aggregate material.

Abstract: The present disclosure related generally to a water-resistant gypsum board having a density of at least 20 lbs/ft3 comprising: a gypsum core, wherein the gypsum core comprises: calcium sulfate dihydrate; a modified starch having a peak viscosity of at least 500 BU and/or at least 715 cP, present in an amount in the range of 0.04-0.6 lbs/ft3, based on the density of the gypsum board; and a silicone oil present in an amount in the range of 0.01-0.6 lbs/ft3, based on the density of the gypsum board.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a mold-making gypsum composition that can contribute, in a case of, for example, making a model of dentures, to improvements in workability in a step of making a gypsum mold (mold) which is necessary for making a model of artificial gingiva (gum) part made of a resin and which is different individually and is required to have an elaborate shape. In detail, the present invention provides a mold-making gypsum composition such that a slurry-like malaxated product obtained by adding water to the mold-making gypsum composition exhibits favorable fluidity and therefore the mold-making gypsum composition is used for tertiary investing for filling a void in a polymerization flask in making a mold, and thereby workability can be improved and a favorable mold in which occurrence of cracks of gypsum is suppressed when the mold-making gypsum composition is set can be formed.

Abstract: The sintered body including silicon oxide and carbon, wherein the sintered body has a D band peak at a wave number of 1,311 cm?1 to 1,371 cm?1 and a G band peak at a wave number of 1,572 cm?1 to 1,632 cm?1 in a Raman spectrum, and wherein the D band peak or the G band peak have a higher intensity than a fifth peak present at a wave number of 1,027 cm?1 to 1,087 cm?1 in the Raman spectrum, is disclosed.

Abstract: An ion-modified microwave dielectric ceramic is provided and a chemical formula thereof is Zn0.15Nb0.3[Ti1-x(W1/3Zr1/2)x]0.55O2. In the chemical formula, x is in a range of 0.01 to 0.03. The ion-modified microwave dielectric ceramic includes the following components in parts by weight: 12.58-12.67 parts of ZnO, 41.11-41.39 parts of TiO2, 43.93-45.14 parts of Nb2O5, 0.44-1.31 parts of WO3, and 0.35-1.05 parts of ZrO2. A preparation method of the ion-modified microwave dielectric ceramic can be applied to different industrial requirements, such as electronic components, communication equipment, and microwave components; and the obtained ion-modified microwave dielectric ceramic expands a practical value of a Zn0.15Nb0.3Ti0.55O2 series microwave dielectric ceramic in electronic ceramic manufacturing.

Abstract: The sintered body including boron carbide, wherein the sintered body includes a zone, in which a volume ratio of grains having a grain size of greater than 30 ?m and 60 ?m or less is in a range of 50% to 70% based on a total volume of grains, as observed on a surface of the sintered body, is disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer-derived composition and method for providing a ceramic-based precursor coating on a metal surface are disclosed. The composition comprises one or more preceramic polymers admixed with one or more metal particulates. The composition is integrally disposed on and within the metal surface of a metal part through pressure-assisted pyrolysis of a metal particulate-filled preceramic polymer under appropriate conditions, thereby providing a corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant metal surface. The precursor coating composition is applied and dried onto the metal surface. The coated steel material is then hot stamped at a pre-defined temperature under a time and pressure conditions sufficient to pyrolyze precursor coating composition to form a protective coating on the surface of the steel. The coated steel material is then cooled. Further, the hot stamping is performed in a period of no more than 1 minute and at a temperature controlled at 400-800° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a moldable nanocomposite for producing a transparent article made of a ceramic material, the moldable nanocomposite according to the present invention comprising: an organic binder; a powder of the ceramic material dispersed in the organic binder, the powder comprising particles having a diameter in the range from 5 nm to 700 nm, and/or a precursor of the ceramic material dispersed in the organic binder, the precursor being at least one metal-containing compound; and a phase-forming agent dispersed in the organic binder, the phase-forming agent being solid or viscous at room temperature and forming an internal phase in the organic binder, wherein the combined content of the powder and the precursor of the ceramic material in the moldable nanocomposite is at least 5 parts per volume based on 100 parts per volume of the organic binder, and wherein the moldable nanocomposite does not contain any low viscosity solvent.

Abstract: A method for forming a CMC article includes wrapping first ceramic fibers around a mandrel to form inner fabric layers on the mandrel, depositing a first interface coating material on the first ceramic fibers, densifying the inner fabric layers to a partially-densified state with first ceramic matrix material, wrapping second ceramic fibers around the inner fabric layers to form outer fabric layers around the mandrel, depositing a second interface coating material on the second ceramic fibers, and densifying both the inner fabric layers and the outer fabric layers to a final-densified state with second ceramic matrix material.

Abstract: A shape forming tool for pre-carbonization compression of a fibrous preform includes a female forming tool comprising a die recess, a support structure moveable with respect to the female forming tool, and at least one bladder coupled to the support structure and configured to be received into the die recess. The support structure is configured to move the bladder(s) with respect to the female forming tool. The bladder(s) is/are configured to be inflated to apply a compressive force to compress and form a fibrous preform between the bladder(s) and the female forming tool.

Abstract: A shape forming tool for pre-carbonization compression of a fibrous preform includes a female forming tool comprising a die recess, a first die half configured to be received by the die recess, a second die half configured to be received by the die recess, an expander tool coupled between the first die half and the second die half. The expander tool is configured to move the first die half laterally toward a first side of the female forming tool away from the second die half to compress the fibrous preform between the first die half and the female forming tool. The expander tool is further configured to move the second die half laterally toward a second side of the female forming tool away from the first die half to compress the fibrous preform between the second die half and the female forming tool.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first component comprising a carbon composite substrate. A high temperature coating is disposed on the surface of the carbon composite substrate. The high temperature coating includes a bond layer of a metal carbide on the surface of the substrate. The apparatus includes a second component, and braze material joining the surface of the first component to the second component. In some examples, a brake assembly may include a rotor having a surface configured to interface with another component of the brake assembly. The brake assembly includes an insert joined to the surface of the rotor without a mechanical fastener, and the insert defines a tough mechanical contact surface configured to protect the rotor.

Abstract: Novel methods of synthesizing amorphous carbon and graphitic carbon aerogels are provided. The carbon aerogels produced by these methods are highly porous, monolithic carbon aerogels and are extremely robust. Specifically, the amorphous carbon aerogels have high surface areas and large micropore volumes. Due to these extraordinary properties, these aerogels possess high carbon dioxide (CO2) sorption capacities and are highly selective towards CO2 versus other gases, such as H2 and N2. As a result, the amorphous carbon aerogels can be used to effectively capture or remove CO2 from the air and/or from flue gases. Furthermore, the graphitic carbon aerogels notably have high graphite content, crystallite size, and graphite quality, of which are comparable to those of commercial graphite.

Abstract: Depolymerization processes and systems for converting polyolefin waste and other waste plastic to hydrocarbons, specifically liquid and gaseous depolymerization reaction products. A depolymerization or catalytic pyrolysis process can be conducted on a process feed which includes a polyolefin waste and a hydrocarbon co-feed under depolymerization conditions, including contacting the reactor feed with a depolymerization catalyst such as a zeolite-based catalyst, with the system described herein. The resulting reactor effluent subsequently can be used as feeds or co-feeds for making circular products such as circular ethylene and circular polyethylene.

Abstract: A process for producing styrene monomers from styrene oligomers comprises the following steps: a) providing a composition (A) comprising at least one type of styrene oligomer, wherein the composition (A) comprises at least 15 wt.-% of styrene dimers and/or styrene trimers; b) providing a depolymerization reactor (R) with a reaction zone (Z); c) feeding the composition (A) into the reaction zone (Z) of the reactor (R); d) depolymerizing the at least one type of styrene oligomer in the reaction zone (Z) to obtain a composition (B), comprising styrene monomers; e) removing the composition (B) from the reaction zone (Z); and f) isolating the styrene monomers from the composition (B); wherein the temperature (T) inside the reaction zone (Z) is above 500° C. to below 800° C. and the average residence time (tA) of the composition (A) in the reaction zone (Z) is greater than 0.01 s and less than 60 s.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining isobutene from an isobutene containing C4-hydrocarbon mixture (1) in a plant comprising an etherification unit (3), a first distillation unit (5), an ether cleavage unit (8) and a second distillation unit (10), the process comprising: (a) contacting the C4-hydrocarbon mixture (1) with a primary alcohol (2) and reacting the mixture with the primary alcohol in the presence of an acidic catalyst to form the corresponding alkyl tert-butyl ether as an intermediate product and diisobutene as a by-product in the etherification unit (3); (b) distilling the reaction mixture (4) from the etherification unit (3) in the first distillation unit (5), a C4-hydrocarbon raffinate being withdrawn as the overhead product (6), the alkyl tert-butyl ether and diisobutene being withdrawn as the liquid or vaporous bottom product (7), and vaporizing the bottom product (7) if it is withdrawn as a liquid; (c) reacting the vaporous bottom product (7) in the presence of an acidic catalyst

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of dehydrogenating hydrocarbons, such as C2 or C3 hydrocarbons, selectively and efficiently, to provide the corresponding alkylenes. The method is based on a Pt nanolayer catalyst over MXene (Pt/MXene) that shows resistance to coke deposition. The dehydrogenation conditions developed provided about 22% propane conversion and over 90% selectivity toward the desired propylene product, and the catalyst was stable for a 24-hour continuous run. The byproducts were ethane, ethylene, and methane, and only trace amounts of coke deposition over the catalyst were detected. Similar dehydrogenation conditions provided about 18% ethane conversion and over 90% selectivity toward the desired ethylene product. A mass balance of greater than 96% was achieved in each case.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for starting up a plant for removing isobutene from an isobutene-containing C4-hydrocarbon mixture, the plant comprising an etherification unit containing moist acidic ion exchange resin, a first distillation unit, an ether cleavage unit, and a second distillation unit. The invention further relates to a process for shutting down the plant from a stationary operation mode.

Abstract: A composition including at least one alkane of the formula CnH2n+2 with n?12, and at least one oxoester, and to an aerosol including the same. Also, a method for degreasing, cleaning, protecting, releasing, shining, and/or lubricating a surface of an object including the application of the composition.

Abstract: A production method for producing a target compound represented by the following formula (1), the production method including: a step (A) of subjecting a mixed liquid containing a starting compound represented by the following formula (2) and a solvent to a hydrogenation reduction in the presence of a catalyst having hydrogenation ability, wherein, in the step (A), water is removed from the reaction system: wherein R represents H, CH3, or C2H5, wherein R represents H, CH3, or C2H5, and R1 represents CH3, C2H5, C3H7, or C4H9.

Abstract: A process for synthesising methanol comprising the steps of: passing a hydrocarbon feedstock to a synthesis gas generation unit to form a synthesis gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and steam; cooling the synthesis gas in one or more stages of heat exchange and recovering a process condensate from the cooled synthesis gas to form a make-up gas having a stoichiometry value R in the range of 1.70 to 1.94; passing a feed gas comprising the make-up gas to a methanol synthesis unit comprising one or more methanol synthesis reactors containing a copper methanol synthesis catalyst, and; recovering a purge gas and a crude methanol product from the methanol synthesis unit, wherein a hydrogen-rich gas is recovered from the purge gas and combined with the make-up gas, and a stream of water or steam is added to the feed gas to the methanol synthesis unit.