Abstract: According to one example embodiment, a method may include receiving, by a repository entity, first information on data related to a network entity. The method may further include storing, by the repository entity, second information related to the network entity based on the first information. The second information may include at least one of an identifier of the network entity and an identifier of a data acquiring entity having acquired the data.

Abstract: Techniques for dynamic routing based on application load are described herein. The techniques may include receiving load information associated with resources of an application orchestration system that are allocated to host an application, the resources associated with different geographical regions. Based at least in part on the load information, a network controller may determine that first resources of the application orchestration system are less constrained than second resources of the application orchestration system, the first resources associated with a first geographical region and the second resources associated with a second geographical region. Based at least in part on the first resources being less constrained than the second resources, application traffic may be routed through the network to the application hosted by the first resources in the first geographical region.

Abstract: A method for enhancing quality of media uses an artificial intelligence (AI) enhancing model built-in the client device to enhance the quality of video streams. The AI enhance module is pre-trained by using a neural network in the server to analyze differences between the decoded images and the raw images that are generated by the server. Wherein, the AI enhance module enhances decoded images by using algorithms which are defined by analyzing differences between the decoded images and the raw images. Such that, the enhanced images are visually more similar to the raw images than the decoded images do.

Abstract: Embodiments include systems and methods comprising a gateway located at a premise forming at least one network on the premise that includes a plurality of premise devices. A sensor user interface (SUI) is coupled to the gateway and presented to a user via a remote device. The SUI includes at least one display element. The at least one display element includes a floor plan display that represents at least one floor of the premise. The floor plan display visually and separately indicates a location and a current state of each premise device of the plurality of premise devices.

Abstract: Systems and methods that allow configuration of a path at a network device using a representative user visible interface for that path are disclosed. A feature of this path may thus be configured using this representative user visible interface through a configuration interface of the network device. When a feature for the path is configured by reference to its corresponding representative user visible interface, the interfaces of that path that correspond to that feature can be determined and the configuration for that feature can be applied to interfaces of the path, even where those interfaces reside in different subdomains.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to measuring and managing data traffic in one or more networks. In some embodiments, a monitor may measure the traffic at one or more locations within the network(s) or devices associated therewith to determine whether the traffic exceeds a threshold. When the traffic exceeds the threshold, one or more actions may be taken, such as issuing or transmitting a command or directive. The command or directive may advise a device or an application to throttle or reduce an input or stimulus responsible for generating the traffic. In some embodiments, a throttling may be effectuated to reduce the data traffic.

Abstract: Techniques that facilitate orchestration engine blueprint aspects for hybrid cloud composition are provided. In one example, a system includes a blueprint component and a hybrid cloud composition component. The blueprint component determines one or more blueprint-level aspects for a blueprint associated with a cloud-based computing platform. The one or more blueprint-level aspects are indicative of encoded information for one or more features associated with one or more computing resources for the cloud-based computing platform. The hybrid cloud composition component determines a set of resource definitions for the cloud-based computing platform based on the one or more blueprint-level aspects.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system that implements a set of tools to define a set of one or more logical forwarding elements from a number of physical forwarding elements and a scalable framework to retrieve statistics relating each logical forwarding element. In some embodiments, the statistics relate to the logical ports of a logical forwarding element. The system of some embodiments allows a network administrator to retrieve a total packet count and byte count for one or more logical ports of the logical forwarding element, even though the logical ports may be distributed across multiple physical forwarding elements.

Abstract: Systems and methods for aggregating samples of Proactive Network Maintenance (PNM) data representing state information of a communications network. Each sample may be associated with one of a plurality of different frequency ranges, where the samples are aggregated over a temporal range and aggregated over a frequency range. The data aggregated in this manner may then be used to configure the network.

Abstract: Systems and methods for social graph data analytics to determine the connectivity between nodes within a community are provided. A user may assign user connectivity values to other members of the community, or connectivity values may be automatically harvested or assigned from third parties or based on the frequency of interactions between members of the community. Connectivity values may represent such factors as alignment, reputation, status, and/or influence within a social graph of a network community, or the degree of trust. The paths connecting a first node to a second node may be retrieved, and social graph data analytics may be performed on the retrieved paths. For example, a network connectivity value may be determined from all or a subset of all of the retrieved paths.

Abstract: A system and method for performing a health check for a cell site, the method including: accessing a Cell Site Router (CSR) including vital interfaces at a cell site; gathering a respective value for each of the vital interfaces at the CSR; and generating a health report of the cell site based on gathered values. The vital interfaces include one or more network ports and one or more radio unit interfaces, and the CSR is disposed at a base station.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for routing messages in a network. Gateways may be selectively chosen to forward messages from a user device to a network server. Gateways may forward messages based on forwarding priorities for the user device. The forwarding priorities may, for example, indicate a repeat count threshold for a quantity of times the gateway may receive a message from a particular user device before the gateway forwards the message.

Abstract: In one example, an indication of a time during which a network communication obtained from a first network node was processed by the first network node, and an indication of a propagation delay from a second network node to the first network node, are obtained. A time during which the network communication was processed by the second network node is determined. A propagation delay from the first network node to the second network node is calculated based on the time during which the network communication was processed by the first network node and the time during which the network communication was processed by the second network node. A difference between the propagation delay from the first network node to the second network node, and the propagation delay from the second network node to the first network node, is determined and compensated is made for that difference.

Abstract: A delay measurement device measures a delay time of an end-to-end route path of a virtual private network related to a predetermined user. The delay measurement device includes a measurement route generation unit configured to generate a first route that transfers to a start point node of a route path, transfers back on the route path, and then returns to itself, and to generate a second route of a route that transfers to the start point node of the route path and returns to itself; a packet transmission/reception unit configured to transmit and receive packets circulating on the first route; a delay measurement unit configured to measure a time from transmission of the packet to reception of the packet to set the measured time as a delay time of the route; and a one-way delay calculation unit configured to calculate a one-way delay time of the route path.

Abstract: In a method for measurement of a round-trip performance in a packet-switched communication network, a measurement device cooperating with the communication network generates a flow of test packets formatted according to the network protocol supported by the network and comprising the address of the measurement device as destination address. The test packets are then transmitted within a tunnel set up in the network and the measurement device generates one or more transmission parameters. At the end of the tunnel, the test packets are extracted therefrom and sent back to the measurement device by the forwarding function of the network protocol supported by the network. Upon receipt of the test packets, it generates one or more reception parameters, which are then combined with the transmission parameters to provide the round-trip performance measurement.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a probe request and response technology between a station and a plurality of AP MLDs. If the station wants to obtain a communication parameter of a nontransmitted BSSID AP, the station may send a probe request frame to a nontransmitted BSSID AP in an MBSSID set, and a transmitted BSSID AP in the MBSSID set may reply with a probe response frame. Alternatively, if the station wants to probe a plurality of AP MLDs at a time, the station may send the probe request frame to one transmitted BSSID AP in the MBSSID set, to request the AP to reply with a communication parameter of the nontransmitted BSSID AP. The nontransmitted BSSID AP and the transmitted BSSID AP may belong to different AP MLDs.

Abstract: Techniques for presence detection are described. In an example, system receives, from a first device connected with a computer network that is associated with a location, a first value of a first parameter associated with a link between the first device and a second device. The system determines, using a first prediction model and the first value, a first likelihood of presence at the location. The first prediction model is configured based at least in part on outputs of a second prediction model that uses a second parameter associated with the computer network. The system determines whether the presence is detected at the location based at least in part on the first likelihood.

Abstract: A method for generating an application-aware virtual topology (AAVT) routing table for a network device among network devices connected via a wide area network is provided. The method is executed by a network controller connected to the network and includes: receiving, from the network devices, path information of the network devices; generating, using the path information, an underlay graph specifying a path topology of the network device; generating, based on the path topology specified in the underlay graph, the AAVT routing table for the network device where the AAVT routing table includes a set of paths; and transmitting, in response to generating the AAVT routing table, the AAVT routing table to the network device to cause the network device to program the set of paths.

Abstract: A computer network device (such as a switch or a router) that implement a passive snooping communication protocol is described. During operation, the computer network device may receive an instance of a message from a second computer network device in a network via a port (such as a router port) associated with a link between the computer network device and the second computer network device. Based at least in part on the received instance of the message, the computer network device may identify the port as being a type of port (such as a passive neighbor port and a non-edge port in the network), and may not forward the instance of the message to one or more additional computer network devices via one or more additional ports (such as one or more additional router ports).

Abstract: A wireless network device may receive a broadcasted hello message. The wireless network device may determine, based on the broadcasted hello message, interfaces to communicate with neighbor devices. The wireless network device may determine costs for links of the interfaces. A highest cost link of the interfaces may be blocked and a lowest cost link of the interfaces may be unblocked. The wireless network device may transmit, in the network, an announce message that indicates the highest cost link as blocked and the lowest cost link as unblocked.

Abstract: System and techniques for information centric network (ICN) protocol for federated learning are described herein. An interest packet may be received on a first interface to start a federated learning round. Here, the interest packet includes a participant criterion and a federated learning round expiration. An entry, that includes the federated learning round expiration, is created in a pending interest table (PIT) for the interest packet. The interest packet is forwarded, in accordance with a forwarding information base (FIB), to a set of interfaces before the federated learning round expiration. When a data packet from a node, that meeting the participant criterion, is received in response to the interest packet, the data packet is forwarded on the first interface in accordance with the PIT entry.

Abstract: A first provider edge (PE) determines whether a link between the first PE and a second PE is a high latency link, where the second PE is a next hop of the first PE. When determining an actual latency corresponding to the link, the first PE compares the actual latency with a first latency threshold. When the actual latency is greater than or equal to the first latency threshold, it indicates that the actual latency exceeds a latency upper limit corresponding to the link, the first PE determines that the link is a high latency link. In this way, it is not necessary to wait for network management personnel to determine whether the link is a high latency link. After determining the actual latency corresponding to the link, the first PE can determine in time whether the link is a high latency link.

Abstract: A method, network device, and computer program product for network traffic diversion are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method according to the present disclosure includes receiving a frame at a core edge node that is a member of a redundancy group (where the frame comprises network address information and a packet), and determining whether a link is affected by a network failure. The frame was sourced by a remote core edge node that is not a member of the redundancy group, and the network address information indicates that the packet is to be forwarded via the link. In response to the link being affected by the network failure, the method further includes generating a modified frame and forwarding the modified frame to another core edge node. The generating comprises including a redirect label in the modified frame. The another core edge node is another member of the redundancy group.

Abstract: A first network node is arranged to communicate with a second network node. The first and second network nodes are connected by a first path and a second path. The first path uses a first communications network and the second path uses a second communications network. The first network node has a first mode and a second mode of operation, such that in a first mode traffic between the first and second network nodes is transmitted over the first path and not the second path, and in a second mode traffic between the first and second network nodes is transmitted over the first path and the second path. The network node comprises a mode selector arranged to select the second mode of operation when the demanded amount of traffic between the first and second network nodes exceeds a threshold value for a period of time.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for policy validation techniques relating to data traffic routing among network devices. The techniques may include processing a validation request from a controller. A validation request may include information related to a computed path for routing data traffic in a computing network. The processing may include sending one or more path requests to one or more redundant controllers, and comparing computed paths from the redundant controller(s) to the originally computed path. The techniques may include generating a validation response based on comparing the computed paths. In some examples, the techniques may further include determining a health score for the controller. Policy validation techniques may improve data traffic routing among network devices by helping to ensure valid policies are produced.

Abstract: Techniques and mechanisms for a control plane approach for dense topologies that focusses on discovering shared ECMP groups in the control plane independent of per-prefix learning and then learning prefixes via these shared ECMP groups instead of learning prefixes via one next-hop at a time. In dense topologies, this approach helps minimize BGP path scale, corresponding signaling and enables control plane scaling that is an order of magnitude higher than a traditional eBGP control plane. During link and node topology changes, the described control plane approach enables control plane signaling that is prefix independent and an order of magnitude lower. A control plane approach to path-list sharing and prefix independent signaling on link and node topology changes enables prefix independent convergence (PIC) in scenarios that would not be possible otherwise with traditional FIB driven path-list sharing and PIC.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for establishing a forwarding path, the method including obtaining, by a first network node, path information of a to-be-established forwarding path, where the path information comprises an identifier of a network node on the forwarding path and a transmission resource requirement that needs to be allocated by the network node to the forwarding path, and sending a path establishment request packet based on the path information, where a packet header of the path establishment request packet comprises the path information, and where the path establishment request packet triggers the network node to allocate a transmission resource to the forwarding path based on the transmission resource requirement.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for “on the fly” routing of data transmissions in the presence of errors. Switches can establish flow channels corresponding to flows in the network. In response to encountering a critical error on a network link along a transmission path, a switch can generate an error acknowledgement. The switch can transmit the error acknowledgements to ingress ports upstream from the network link via the plurality of flow channels. By transmitting the error acknowledgement, it indicates that the network link where the critical error was encountered is a failed link to ingress ports upstream from the failed link. Subsequently, each ingress port upstream from the failed link can dynamically update the path of the plurality of flows that are upstream from the failed link such that the plurality of flows that are upstream from the failed link are routed in a manner that avoids the failed link.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing link state information is provided. A first network device receives first link state information sent by a second network device, where the first link state information is link state information of a third network device; in response to receiving the first link state information, the first network device deletes second link state information that is received by the first network device from the second network device, where the second link state information carries a segment identifier of the third network device; and the first network device deletes, based on the first link state information, third link state information received from the second network device, where the third link state information carries information for computing a route to the third network device.

Abstract: A method for collecting bit error information is provided. According to the method, a head node may encapsulate indication information into an IPv6 extension header of an IPv6 measurement request packet. The indication information indicates at least one intermediate node on a transmission path of the IPv6 measurement request packet to record bit error information into the IPv6 extension header. According to the application, the bit error information of the intermediate node on the transmission path can be collected.

Abstract: An EVPN network device may advertise an EVPN IMET (type-3) route in a corresponding message to one or more peer EVPN network devices. The EVPN IMET route advertisement message may include an E-tree extended community indicating a leaf or root designation of a locally attached site at the advertising EVPN network device. The inclusion of the E-tree extended community in the EVPN IMET route advertisement message may provide desired traffic handling for implementing an EVPN E-tree service such as handling of BUM traffic.

Abstract: A device may include a first interface and a second interface. The device may also include memory containing a set of rules and representations of pre-defined violations thereof. The device may also include digital logic programmed to: (i) receive, by way of the first interface, an Ethernet frame containing Ethernet header fields and an Ethernet payload, wherein the Ethernet payload contains a payload; (ii) extract data from the Ethernet header fields, wherein the data defines a transaction that is functionally equivalent to a further transaction that is defined by the payload; (iii) apply the set of rules to the transaction, wherein doing so involves comparing fields in the data to values and concluding that the transaction does not contain any pre-defined violations; and (iv) modify the Ethernet frame to contain content based on the payload, and transmit the Ethernet frame out the second interface.

Abstract: Preemptive caching within content/name/information centric networking environment is contemplated. The preemptively caching may be performed within content/name/information centric networking environments of the type having a branching structure or other architecture sufficient to facilitate routing data, content, etc. such that one or more nodes other than a node soliciting a content object also receive the content object.

Abstract: A communication method includes a first network device that receives a service packet from a first endpoint device, where a destination media access control (MAC) address of the service packet is a specific local MAC address of a second endpoint device, the specific local MAC address includes an indication prefix and location information, the indication prefix indicates that the specific local MAC address includes the location information, and the location information indicates an access location of an endpoint device in a network. The first network device determines an egress port from a preset routing table based on the location information in the specific local MAC address of the second endpoint device, and sends the service packet through the egress port, where the routing table includes the location information and the egress port corresponding to the location information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for packet matching, a network device, and a medium are disclosed, which includes adding N first data packets into N pipelines and configuring a stage for each pipeline as a root node of a decision tree; calculating a first hash value for a first pipeline in the N pipelines, and asynchronously prefetching a first output interface data corresponding to the first hash value from a memory, calculating a second hash value for a second pipeline in the N pipelines while prefetching the first output interface data from the memory, obtaining the first output interface data from the cache when calculation of the hash value for each pipeline is finished, deleting the first data packet when the first output interface data is characterized as being used to forward the first data packet in the first pipeline and adding a second data packet into the first pipeline.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for assigning network address prefix. A method performed by a control plane function may comprise: receiving, from a terminal device, a request for assigning a network address prefix; determining whether the network address prefix is assigned by the control plane function or a user plane function; transmitting, to the user plane function, a PFCP Session Modification Request for requesting the user plane function to assign the network address prefix, if it is determined that the network address prefix is assigned by the user plane function; receiving, from the user plane function, a PFCP Session Modification Response including an assigned network address prefix; and transmitting the assigned network address prefix to the terminal device. The specific procedure for the terminal device to obtain the network address prefix from a network entity not directly requested by the terminal device may be defined.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for software-defined service insertion. The techniques include a method of configuring a network for service insertion. The techniques include processing a master policy correlating an endpoint group pair, of source endpoint group and destination endpoint group, to a service graph. The service graph indicates a template service chain, and the template service chain indicates an ordering of a plurality of services. Processing the master policy includes disaggregating the master policy into at least one location specific policy, each of the at least one location specific policy corresponding to a separate location in the network and including traffic steering directives corresponding to a portion of the plurality of services associated with the separate location. The techniques further include causing each of the at least one location specific policy to be stored in association with the separate location to which that location specific policy corresponds.

Abstract: A packet processing system comprises a packet processing graph comprising classifier nodes including a root classifier node and leaf classifier nodes. The root classifier node is connected to each of the classifier nodes through a respective packet processing path in the graph. Each classifier node stores node match data indicative of at least one match to be applied by the respective classifier node. The classifier nodes comprise first and second classifier nodes arranged in a first packet processing path of said plurality of packet processing paths. The first classifier node stores node match data indicative of a match corresponding to content from a plurality of packet header field types, including first and second, different packet header field types. The second classifier node stores node match data indicative of a match corresponding to content from at least one packet header field type, including the first packet header field type.

Abstract: Methods, non-transitory computer readable media, network traffic manager apparatuses, and systems that assist with network packet switching based on packet data includes receiving a plurality of network packets. Next, header data and payload data is separated for each of the plurality of received network packets. Next, digest data is created from the separated header data for each of the plurality of network packets. One or more network actions are identified for each of the plurality of network packets based on the corresponding created digest data. The identified one or more network actions are performed on the separated header data and the payload data.

Abstract: A computer method and system for scheduling packets for transmission over a network, via a gateway device having a packet buffer for temporarily storing packets intended for a network device. Upon reception of a packet in the gateway device intended for a network device, a determination is made as to whether the received packet is the start a new packet session for the network device. If yes, the packet is then caused to be forward to the intended network device. If no, then a determination is made as to whether drop the received packet contingent upon a determined current size of the packet buffer (e.g., does it exceed a predetermined packet size threshold value). If the packet is not dropped, then a determination is made as to whether mark the packet for network congestion control contingent upon the determined size of the packet buffer (e.g., does it exceed a predetermined network congestion packet size threshold value). The packet is then caused to be forwarded to the intended network device.

Abstract: Techniques for load balancing communication sessions in a networked computing environment are described herein. The techniques may include establishing a first communication session between a client device and a first computing resource of a networked computing environment. Additionally, the techniques may include storing, in a data store, data indicating that the first communication session is associated with the first computing resource. The techniques may further include receiving, at a second computing resource of the networked computing environment, traffic associated with a second communication session that was sent by the client device, and based at least in part on accessing the data stored in the data store, establishing a traffic redirect such that the traffic and additional traffic associated with the second communication session is sent from the second computing resource to the first computing resource.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes: a processor; a receiver coupled to the processor; and memory coupled to the processor. The memory stores resource coordinator instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: maintain a plurality of active secure sessions; identify a priority session trigger; and allocate receiver resources for incoming packets related to the plurality of active secure sessions based on the priority session trigger.

Abstract: Electronic communications received via a network from a plurality of electronic devices may include signals of device interactions or data changes that correspond to process performances by process-performing resources, signals of conditions of loads, or signals of processes associated with the process-performing resources and the loads. Data composites may be formed from the electronic communications, with data portions collected and mapped to resource profile records and load profile records that may be updated with the collected data portions. For each load, at least one of the one or more resource profile records and/or the one or more load profile records may be used to map the process-performing resources to the load. Content nodes may be linked in a network of content nodes, including respective linked content, resource specifications or load specifications. Access to the network of content nodes may be allowed via a control interface.

Abstract: Resource metrics are obtained for resources from distributed resources associated with operations of an enterprise. Metric types from the distributed resources defined in the metrics are grouped and aggregated into aggregated metric types within a data model. Each aggregated metric type data value of the data model is weighed. The weighted aggregated data values are used to calculate an overall service health value of the enterprise. A current instance of the data model is processed to render one or more single views within an interface to a user of the enterprise. Each single view includes the overall service health value along with a custom-level of detail for each aggregated metric type and the corresponding aggregated metric data values.

Abstract: Computer-readable media, methods, and systems are disclosed for scheduling a start time and a shutdown time of one or more online resources associated with a multi-cloud resource scheduler. A request from a first user is received to access a multi-cloud resource scheduler associated with one or more online resources. Responsive to the request from the first user, credentials of the first user are validated prior to providing access to the multi-cloud resource scheduler. Based upon validating the credentials of the first user, access to the multi-cloud resource scheduler is provided. Instructions are received from the first user to schedule a start time and a shutdown time of at least one online cloud resource connected to the multi-cloud resource scheduler. An availability of the at least one online cloud resource is established for access by a second user based on the instructions.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for enhancing packet processing in a computing device of a network. The computing device is configured to in response to receiving ingress data of a flow from the first network device via the first network interface, execute, based on a hook point in kernel space of the device, a kernel program to transfer, via a first socket of a user module, the ingress data for packet processing; configure an code point for the second network interface, wherein the user module is configured to couple a second socket with the code point; and in response to determining the second network device as a next hop for the flow, transfer, based on the code point, egress data of the flow via the second socket to the second network interface, wherein the second network interface is operative to output the egress data to the second network device.

Abstract: In general, embodiments relate to a method for managing a network device. The method includes detecting a change of at least one physical port on the network device; and in response to detecting the change, disabling the at least one physical port, wherein disabling the at least one physical port prevents the at least one physical port from being allocated to any logical port on a network processor in the network device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities may be disclosed for implementing a flexible radio access communication system. A flexible radio access communication system may be supported using spectrum of varying size, including aggregation of non-adjacent carriers in the same and/or in different frequency bands. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first transmission via a common downlink control channel. The first transmission may include first control information. The first control information may include information regarding the configuration of a first dedicated downlink control channel of one or more dedicated control channels. The WTRU may receive a second transmission via the first dedicated downlink control channel of the dedicated control channels. The second transmission may include second control information. The second control information may be associated with a transmission of a first transmission type.

Abstract: In one example, a method for a user equipment (UE) includes generating uplink (UL) signal data. The UL signal data includes UL control information (UCI) and UL shared channel (UL-SCH), the UCI includes a hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledge (HARQ-ACK) feedback or a channel state information (CSI) report, and the CSI report includes a first CSI part and a second CSI part. One or more resource regions are allocated to transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback or the first CSI part and the second CSI part. When frequency hopping is enabled for a transmission of PUSCH, the allocated one or more resource regions for the transmission of the HARQ-ACK feedback or the first CSI part and the second CSI part are substantially equally divided into two portions, and each portion is transmitted in each frequency hop, frequency first mapping is applied to the transmission of PUSCH in each frequency hop.

Abstract: There is provided, an open radio access network distributed unit (O-DU) having an electronic module that performs an FS-8 Radio Access Technology (RAT) functionality such as frequency hopping, downlink (DL) carrier aggregation, uplink (UL) channelization, power control, and fast automatic gain control (AGC).