Abstract: A system for ultrasound interrogation of a lung includes a memory, an electromagnetic (EM) board, an extended working channel (EWC), an EM sensor, a US transducer, and a processor. The memory stores a three dimensional (3D) model, a pathway plan for navigating a luminal network. An EM board generates an EM field. The EWC is configured to navigate the luminal network of a patient toward a target following the pathway plan and the EM sensor extends distally from the EWC and senses the EM field. The US transducer extends distally from a distal end of the EWC and generates US waves and receives US waves reflected from the luminal network and the processor processes the sensed EM field to synchronize a location of the EM sensor in the 3D model, to process the reflected US waves to generate images, or to integrate the generated images with the 3D model.

Abstract: Systems and methods presented herein generally include determining that electrodes of an end effector are in contact with tissue and displaying the tissue contact graphically. Locations of electrodes of the end effector can be determined using advanced current location. Magnitude of contact force between electrodes and tissue can be determined based on impedance measurements between the electrodes in contact with tissue and one or more reference electrodes (e.g. body patch(es)). Three electrodes in contact with tissue can define a plane and a vector that can be graphically displayed to indicate tissue location and orientation with respect to the end effector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for detection of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in exhaled breath for health monitoring. It can be used for screening, diagnosis, monitoring onset and relapse of diseases. Certain volatile compounds, in exhaled breath 5 of a person, which are the markers of the disease under consideration, will be analysed by the sensor array. The presence and concentration of these markers will be determined by a sensor array specific for the set of markers for the disease. Depending on the presence or absence and concentration levels of these VOCs health status of a person can be analysed. The present invention also relates to a device for monitoring health conditions of an 10 individual and screening for presence or relapse of diseases.

Abstract: In one embodiment, there is described a biological sample analysis device. The device comprises a body including an outlet connectable to a chamber arranged to sealingly hold a biological sample and an inlet connectable to a mask portion arranged to fit over the nostrils of an animal to capture a breath sample from the animal. In a specific embodiment, there is provided an electrically operated valve located within the body and positioned between the inlet and outlet, and there is also provided a sensor located in the body and disposed at or near the inlet in a manner such that the sensor is capable of measuring the presence of at least one compound contained in the breath sample to provide an electrical signal indicative of the presence of the at least one compound to a microcontroller.

Abstract: An airway adapter includes a measurement flow path through which at least one of expired air or inhaled air of a subject passes through. A water absorption member is provided in a lower portion of the measurement flow path in a state where the airway adapter is placed. The water absorption member is exposed to an outside, and is configured to discharge water to the outside.

Abstract: Measurement apparatus includes a garment (24, 26) including an elastic fabric (27) having a predefined pattern (28) extending across a surface thereof and configured to be worn over a part of a body of a subject, such that the elastic fabric stretches across the part of the body. An imaging module (30) includes a fastener (40) configured for attachment to a mobile electronic device (32) having a camera module and a conical extension (41) having a rear opening (46), which is configured to be held by the fastener in alignment with the camera module, and a front opening (48), which is larger than the rear opening and is configured to contact and traverse across the fabric. The camera module captures through the front opening images that are indicative of local deformations of the pattern of the fabric.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with detecting impairment using a vibration fingerprint that characterizes gait dynamics are described. An example method includes receiving measurements of a gait of a being from a sensor. The measurements of the gait are converted into a time series of observations for each frequency bin in a set of frequency bins. A time series of residuals is generated for each range of the set by pointwise subtraction between the time series of observations and a time series of references for each range of the set. An impairment metric is generated based on the time series of residuals. The impairment metric is compared to a threshold for the impairment. In response to the impairment metric satisfying the threshold, the being is indicated to be impaired.

Abstract: A measurement device that includes a calculation unit that calculates, using sensor data measured by a sensor according to a measurement motion regarding a limb of a user, the sensor being attached to the user at a predetermined attachment site, a length and a central angle of an arc related to a trajectory of the sensor in a period of the measurement motion, and an estimation unit that estimates a radius of the arc calculated using the calculated length and the calculated central angle of the arc as a length of the limb of the user.

Abstract: Methods and systems for obtaining kinematic data from a subject for neuromotor assessment are presented herein. The method comprises presenting on a mobile computing device at least two of: a handwriting task, a speech task, and a natural movement task, each task executable by the subject with the mobile computing device, providing an external stimulus through the mobile computing device as a trigger to begin each task and acquiring kinematic data from the subject on the mobile computing device as the tasks are being performed. The acquired kinematic data may be stored locally, processed locally, and/or stored and transmitted remotely for processing.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus and the like capable of calculating a respiratory feature amount necessary for evaluating a breathing motor function of a subject is provided. The information processing apparatus inputs time-series distance image data acquired by measuring a distance from the subject during a breathing exercise and division position data indicating a position at which a chest region and an abdominal region of the subject are divided in the time-series distance image data. The information processing apparatus calculates a standard deviation image indicating a standard deviation of values for each pixel in a distance image indicated by the time-series distance image data. The information processing apparatus calculates a respiratory feature amount indicating a feature of breathing of the subject, based on a divided standard deviation image acquired by dividing the standard deviation image for each divided region being divided at a position indicated by the division position data.

Abstract: Applicators for applying an on-skin assembly to skin of a host and methods of their use and/or manufacture are provided. An applicator includes an insertion assembly configured to insert at least a portion of the on-skin assembly into the skin of the host, a housing configured to house the insertion assembly, the housing comprising an aperture through which the on-skin assembly can pass, an actuation member configured to, upon activation, cause the insertion assembly to insert at least the portion of the on-skin assembly into the skin of the host, and a sealing element configured to provide a sterile barrier and a vapor barrier between an internal environment of the housing and an external environment of the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a micro biosensor for reducing a measurement interference when measuring a target analyte in the biofluid, including: a substrate; a first working electrode configured on the surface, and including a first sensing section; a second working electrode configured on the surface, and including a second sensing section which is configured adjacent to at least one side of the first sensing section; and a chemical reagent covered on at least a portion of the first sensing section for reacting with the target analyte to produce a resultant. When the first working electrode is driven by a first working voltage, the first sensing section measures a physiological signal with respect to the target analyte. When the second working electrode is driven by a second working voltage, the second conductive material can directly consume the interferant so as to continuously reduce the measurement inference of the physiological signal.

Abstract: An analyte monitoring system and method for an on-body sensor control device may have a capability for sensing two or more analytes of a patient includes a processor and memory with instructions for determining various machine states and outputs based on time-correlated sensor data for each of the analytes. The states and outputs may include: an alert condition for one or more analytes; an advisory message; a correction to an analyte state estimate; an indication of a malfunction of the sensor control device, a malfunction of an insulin delivery device, a medication dose calculation; or an analytical report. Examples of the system and method for dual analytes comprising glucose and ketone are described. Data may be transmitted from the sensor control device to a reader device for output to a user.

Abstract: Systems and methods disclosed herein are directed to determining serum potassium levels of a patient wearing a biosensing device. A first such method includes operations of capturing a first energy measurement reading by an energy detecting element of an optical sensor, wherein the optical sensor is a component of a biosensing device, and wherein the biosensing device is disposed on a skin surface of the patient, performing a feature extraction on the first energy measurement reading resulting in a feature vector representative of volumetric variations in blood flow of the patient, deploying a trained machine learning model configured to take the feature vector as input and determine a serum potassium level classification of the patient at a time corresponding to when the first energy measurement reading was captured, and generating a graphic user interface (GUI) that displays the serum potassium level classification.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of determining the presence of a target species in a fluid sample comprises: receiving a captured image including an image capture portion of a sample vessel, the image capture portion exposing a fluid sample contained within the sample vessel, wherein an optical property of the fluid sample is indicative of the presence of the target species; processing the captured image to generate optical property data representative of the optical property of the fluid sample; and determining whether the target species is present in the fluid sample based on the optical property data. A sample vessel is also provided.

Abstract: A system and a method for creating a stable and reproducible interface of an optical sensor system for measuring blood glucose levels in biological tissue include a dual wedge prism sensor attached to a disposable optic that comprises a focusing lens and an optical window. The disposable optic adheres to the skin to allow a patient to take multiple readings or scans at the same location. The disposable optic includes a Petzval surface placed flush against the skin to maintain the focal point of the optical beam on the surface of the skin. Additionally, the integrity of the sensor signal is maximized by varying the rotation rates of the dual wedge prisms over time in relation to the depth scan rate of the sensor. Optimally, a medium may be injected between the disposable and the skin to match the respective refractive indices and optimize the signal collection of the sensor.

Abstract: A personalized assistance system includes an infrasensor device adapted to collect input data from a subject. A controller is configured to receive the input data from the infrasensor device. The controller has a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which instructions are recorded and is adapted to selectively execute one or more machine learning modules. Execution of the instructions by the processor causes the controller to extract one or more inframarkers from the input data. The controller is configured to determine respective changes in the inframarkers in real-time, including deviations from a respective baseline measurement customized for the subject. The controller is configured to determine at least one recommendation based in part on the inframarkers and the respective changes, via the one or more machine learning modules. The recommendation is executed when a predefined threshold is met.

Abstract: A sensor head for a compact oximeter sensor device includes light sources and light detectors. A compact oximeter sensor device implementation is entirely self-contained, without any need to connect, via wires or wirelessly, to a separate system unit. The sources and detectors are arranged in a circular arrangement having various source-detector pair distances that allow for robust calibration and self-correction in a compact probe. Other source-detector arrangements are also possible.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of assessing the ability of a test fragrance ingredient or a test fragrance composition to improve the invigoration state of a human subject and of creating fragrance compositions having a positive activation effect on a human subject. It further relates to fragrance compositions for improving the invigoration state of a human subject, to consumer products comprising such fragrance compositions, and to methods of improving the invigoration state of a human subject.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to devices, systems, and techniques for performing patient parameter measurements. In some examples, a medical device system includes an optical sensor configured to measure ambient light and a tissue oxygen saturation parameter and processing circuitry configured to determine that a current measurement of the tissue oxygen saturation parameter is prompted and control the optical sensor to perform an ambient light measurement associated with the current measurement of the tissue oxygen saturation parameter.

Abstract: Tissue-integrating biosensors, systems comprising these sensors and methods of using these sensors and systems for the detection of one or more analytes are provided.

Abstract: An oximetry device for determining mammalian fetus oxygen levels, the oximetry device constituted of: a sensor module comprising multiple light sources of different wavelengths and at least one optical sensor; a processing unit in communication with the sensor module, the processing unit comprising a processor, and a memory, the processor in communication with an output device, the memory comprising electronically readable instructions to cause the processor to: energize the multiple light sources; determine a time varying amplitude of an output of the at least one optical sensor; asses a quality of a location of the sensor module responsive to the determined time varying amplitude; provide to the output device an indication of the assessment of quality of the location; extract features from the determined time varying amplitude; and output an indication of the mammalian fetus oxygen level responsive to the extracted features from the determined time varying amplitude.

Abstract: Independent component analysis may be performed on a plurality of detected electronic signals to separate signals within the detected electronic signals that are contributed by different sources. Each of the plurality of detected electronic signals may be received from a separate detector and may correspond to a detected optical signal emanating from a pregnant mammal's abdomen and a fetus contained therein. The detected optical signals may correspond to light that is projected into the pregnant mammal's abdomen from a light source. The separated signals may be analyzed to determine a separated signal that corresponds to light incident upon the fetus, which may be analyzed to determine a fetal hemoglobin oxygen saturation level of the fetus. An indication of the fetal hemoglobin oxygen saturation level may then be provided to the user.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are biosensors for biosensing including a sensor photonic integrated circuit (PIC) configured to be positioned inside a human body. The sensor PIC includes one or more optical analyte sensors each functionalized by a respective layer of binding ligands. The biosensors further include a reader system optically coupled to the sensor PIC. The reader system is configured to provide optical signals to the one or more optical analyte sensors and receive signals provided by the one or more optical analyte sensors. The reader system is further configured to determine one or more characteristics of one or more analytes sensed by the one or more optical analyte sensors based on the signals provided by the one or more optical analyte sensors.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include a sensor configured to store in memory indications of sensor use information and formulas or indications of formulas for determining the useful life of a sensor from the indications of sensor use information. A monitor connected to the sensor monitors sensor use and stores indications of the use on sensor memory. The monitor and/or sensor compute the useful life of the sensor from the indications of use and the formulas. When the useful life of the sensor is reached, an indication is given to replace the sensor.

Abstract: A dermal patch system includes a lancet with three needles and a cartridge that is configured to attach to the skin of a subject. The lancet is configured automatically move the three needles from an undeployed position to a deployed position when the lancet engages with the cartridge. The three needles are configured to puncture the skin of the subject to draw a physiological sample when in the deployed position.

Abstract: A lancing device including a latch that pivots between a non-blocking position allowing a lancet carrier and a lancet to advance and retract through a first forward and reverse lancing stroke and a blocking position preventing further/excess/secondary oscillation of the lancet carrier and lancet. The pivotal latch can pivot about an axis perpendicular (e.g., for an L-shaped latch) or parallel/coaxial (e.g., for a sleeve latch) to the advancement and retraction motion of the lancet carrier and lancet.

Abstract: A dermal patch system for collecting a physiological sample from a subject includes a cartridge configured to attach to the skin of the subject, and a lancet configured to engage with the cartridge and draw a physiological sample upon engagement. The cartridge includes a biometric sensor configured to obtain biometric data from a subject.

Abstract: An alerting system includes: a notification unit, when a gaze dwell time of a driver exceeds a predetermined threshold, executing a notification at a predetermined conspicuousness level to the driver via an HMI device; a decision unit deciding on a notification parameter set including parameters defining a notification output timing and the conspicuousness level; a behavior recording unit recording presence/absence of a reactive behavior to the notification executed using the notification parameter set; and a reaction information recording unit recording reaction information where a reaction ratio, which is a ratio of the number of the notifications to which the reactive behavior occurs to the number of the notifications executed, is associated with each different notification parameter set, wherein the decision unit calculates and decides on, based on the reaction information, an optimal parameter set with which the reaction ratio is estimated to become the highest.

Abstract: The invention relates to the creation of a device for the evaluation of sports specific wide grip strength and endurance for trainers and therapists. Devices that exist presently evaluate narrow grip and are not focused on athletes. The invention herein incorporates elements of sport to evaluate finger, thumb, and forearm strength. This invention provides a device that measures hand strength and endurance in a sports specific wide grip positions. In one embodiment, said device is comprised of a ball filled with a compressible gas or incompressible fluid with an orifice that allows pressure measurements to be taken. In another embodiment, the ball or an object is equipped with individual force sensors that will be aligned with the user's fingers and thumb. These configurations can be implemented independently or simultaneously. The data from the sensors will be made available to the athlete in real time.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for detecting physiological episodes (PE). Raw physiological data including raw respiration data is received from at least one sensor of a biosensing garment of a pilot. Individual breaths are extracted from the raw physiological data. Each individual breath has an associated breath pattern. Aircraft environment data associated with an aircraft is received. The individual breaths are aligned with the aircraft environment data in accordance with a breath timeline associated with the individual breaths is and an aircraft environment timeline associated with the aircraft environment data. Each individual breath is classified as one of a plurality of different breath types based on the associated breath pattern. A determination is made regarding whether the breath types associated with the individual breaths are associated with a PE profile based at least in part on the aircraft environment data. A PE alert is issued based on the determination.

Abstract: A light-transmitting electrode structure and an smart wearable device are disclosed. The light-transmitting electrode structure is installed on an outer surface of an electronic device, and comprises: a base, a transparent electrode layer, and a conductive connector. The transparent electrode layer covers an outer surface of the base. The conductive connector passes through the base to electrically connect the transparent electrode layer with an ECG circuit in the electronic device, so that the transparent electrode layer forms an ECG electrode. The base is provided with light-transmitting through holes which are aligned with an optical heart rate sensor in the electronic device, so that the transparent electrode layer forms a light-transmitting lens of the optical heart rate sensor.

Abstract: A system includes a processor and a display. The processor is configured to: (i) produce an electroanatomic (EA) map of a surface of the organ, the EA map specifying a propagation vector-field (PVF) indicative of propagation of an electrophysiological (EP) wave over at least the surface, (ii) select at least a region of the organ, (iii) calculate a gaussian integral of the PVF along a perimeter of at least a closed contour indicative of the selected region, and (iii) produce at the region, a tag indicative of the LAS, in case the calculated gaussian integral meets a criterion. The display is configured to display the EA map and at least the tag over the EA map.

Abstract: Methods of performing diagnostic tests on electroencephalography (EEG) recording devices comprising at least one stimulator coupled with a plurality of EEG electrode recording channels and corresponding recording channel connectors are performed by a test fixture comprising a plurality of resistors coupled with one or more of the EEG electrode recording channels and corresponding recording channel connectors. The methods include performing an impedance test for determining if each EEG recording channel of the EEG recording device has a predefined impedance, performing a channel uniqueness test for each EEG recording channel, performing a test for verifying the state of a switch of the stimulator of the EEG recording device, and performing a test for verifying connector IDs of the recording channel connectors connecting the EEG electrodes to respective EEG recording channels.

Abstract: The present invention displays an in-the-ear Electroencephalography (EEG) electrode system designed to monitor brain activity in clinical environments, using eartips composed of n-doped silicon or alternative conductive rubber-based materials positioned in the ear canal to accurately detect neurological signals. This electrode system offers wireless and wired configurations, ensuring adaptability to various platforms. This invention addresses the limitations of traditional EEG methodologies by providing a solution for continuous and reliable brain activity monitoring, particularly during intricate surgical procedures. The electrode system displays patient vitals and EEG data in real time, providing medical professionals in diverse clinical settings with comprehensive insights into brain states across a spectrum of frequencies. This system captures Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and activities in the temporal lobes.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a recorded intracardiac electrogram via a control system, wherein the control system: groups multiple channels of the intracardiac electrogram into at least a first group of channels including at least one channel assigned to a first anatomical region and a second group of channels including at least one channel assigned to a second anatomical region; derives features including a first derived feature relating to the first anatomical region and a different second derived feature relating to the first anatomical region from the first group of channels and derives the first and second derived feature relating to a second anatomical region from the second group of channels; derives data points of the derived features in intervals over the time length; and combines the derived features into a feature space including at least an anatomical dimension and a feature dimension and a time dimension and an intensity dimension.

Abstract: An electromotive force estimation method includes steps of: dividing a time series of an electrocardiographic potential to be estimated in a time series of an electromotive force into unit electrocardiographic potential time series such that time series representing electrocardiographic potentials generated by one pulsation of a myocardium are separated from each other; acquiring, for each unit electrocardiographic potential time series, a depolarization electrocardiographic potential time series that is a set of data belonging to a depolarization period, a refractory electrocardiographic potential time series that is a set of data belonging to a refractory period, and a repolarization electrocardiographic potential time series that is a set of data belonging to a repolarization period; estimating a depolarization electromotive force time series indicating an electromotive force at each time point in the depolarization period based on the depolarization electrocardiographic potential time series; estimating a

Abstract: A cardiac information dynamic display system comprises one or more electrodes and a cardiac information console. The one or more electrodes record sets of electric potential data representing cardiac activity at a plurality of time intervals. The cardiac information console includes a signal processor and a user interface module. The signal processor calculates sets of cardiac activity data at the plurality of time intervals using the recorded sets of electric potential data. The cardiac activity data is associated with surface locations of one or more cardiac chambers. The user interface module displays information related to the cardiac activity data. The information is presented relative to a graphical representation of surfaces of the one or more cardiac chambers.

Abstract: An example device for detecting one or more parameters of a cardiac signal is disclosed herein. The device includes one or more electrodes and sensing circuitry configured to sense a cardiac signal via the one or more electrodes. The device further includes processing circuitry configured to determine an R-wave of the cardiac signal and determine whether the R-wave is noisy. Based on the R-wave being noisy, the processing circuitry is configured to determine whether the cardiac signal around a determined T-wave is noisy. Based on the cardiac signal around the determined T-wave not being noisy, the processing circuitry is configured to determine a QT interval or a corrected QT interval based on the determined T-wave and the determined R-wave.

Abstract: A method for calibrating eye information includes receiving eye state data measured during a calibration period, receiving head state data measured during the calibration period, calibrating the eye state data based on the head state data, and generating an eye angle measurement based on the calibrated eye state data. Calibrating the eye state data may include correlating the eye state data with the head state data during a period when a vestibulo-ocular reflex occurs. In some implementations, the eye state data may include eye movement data and the head state data may include head movement data. The calibrated eye state data is considered to have improved accuracy and therefore may be used as a more reliable basis for determining a variety of health conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed systems and methods relate to concussion detection and reporting. In an example, a method involves receiving sensor data from an accelerometer. The method further involves determining an impact acceleration from the sensor data and comparing the impact acceleration to a threshold value. The threshold value may be adjustable based on a user's age. When the impact acceleration is less than the threshold value, the method involves transmitting the sensor data to a server. When the impact acceleration equals or exceeds the threshold value, the method involves transmitting an alert and transmitting the sensor data to a server.

Abstract: A method of predicting a brain atrophy condition for an individual using the individual's predicted age difference (PAD). The method comprises acquiring at least one brain image of the individual; processing the brain image to obtain at least one feature of the brain image; generating a PAD value of the individual based on the at least one feature of the image; and determining a brain atrophy condition of the individual based on the PAD value.

Abstract: A posture stability detection system including a pressure pad, a camera and a processor is provided. The pressure pad is configured to sense a pressure distribution exerted by a to-be-tested subject. The camera is configured to capture a plurality of posture images of the to-be-tested subject. The processor is configured to: obtain a COP position of the to-be-tested subject according to the pressure distribution in a sample; obtain a COP distribution circle of the to-be-tested subject according to the COP positions in several samples; obtain a COP stability value of the to-be-tested subject according to the COP distribution circles; analyze each posture image to obtain a backbone stability value; and, obtain a posture stability value according to the backbone stability value and the COP stability value.

Abstract: A wearable physiological monitoring device is configured to determine a wearer's sleep intention. In particular, the device evaluates activity that might be objectively associated with awaking from sleep in order to distinguish between a wearer's intention to end sleep and transitory stirring or other intermittent activity occurring in the context of a longer sleep interval. By evaluating sleep intention more accurately in this manner, the device can advantageously request sleep analysis from a remote server in those instances where a user intends to end a period of sleep (so that this data can be available to the user more quickly), while avoiding unnecessary or redundant server-side processing of sleep data in those instances where a user intends to continue sleeping.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for managing sleep are described. A method may include acquiring physiological data associated with a user from a wearable device, the physiological data including at least heart rate data associated with the user. The method may include detecting whether the user is beginning to transition into a sleep state of a set of sleep states based on the acquired physiological data. The method may include causing a user device to output a response before the user transitions into the sleep state or based on a timer lapsing before the user transitions into the sleep state.

Abstract: A sleep monitoring system (100, 500), including: a sensor (114) to sense physiological changes of a subject during a sleep study period and form corresponding sleep study information; a stochastic neural network (129, 329) to: receive the sleep study information; and derive a plurality of sleep sample evaluations each different from each other and based on a same sampling of the received sleep study information; a controller (120, 190, 194) to: receive the plurality of sleep sample evaluations and calculate a robust estimate of one or more sleep parameters thereon; calculate an estimate of uncertainty for at least one of the one or more sleep parameters; determine whether the estimate of uncertainty for the at least one of the one or more sleep parameters is greater than a threshold value; and render the estimate of uncertainty on a rendering device (192) of the system based upon the determination.

Abstract: A monitoring system for obtaining a video related to medication adherence of a user, includes: a wireless communication device comprising a motion sensor, an ambient light sensor, a first transceiver transmitting data to an external device, and a first controller configured to control the motion sensor, the ambient light sensor, and the first transceiver, the wireless communication device having an attaching portion for being attached to an object containing a medication; and a wearable device including a camera, a second transceiver receiving a signal from the first transceiver, and a second controller configured to obtain video data through the camera based on the signal received through the second transceiver.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a housing; a sensor module in the housing; a display; a memory; and a processor configured to monitor a blood glucose level of a user by using the sensor module; determine that the user is eating; record, in the memory, both a timepoint, of confirming that the blood glucose level exceeds the specific level, and the blood glucose level at the timepoint; determine, based on blood glucose records, a first timepoint, after the first meal, and a second timepoint, before the second meal; calculate an average value of blood glucose levels between the first timepoint and the second timepoint; obtain accumulated average value records daily; calculate a baseline blood glucose level of the user by using the plurality of accumulated average value records; and determine a low blood glucose reference level of the user based on the calculated baseline blood glucose level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a technical idea of three-dimensional quantitative magnetic resonance imaging for precisely measuring cerebral oxygen metabolism and, more particularly, to a technology for quantitative magnetic resonance imaging which enables measurement of cerebral oxygen metabolism to be precisely performed in three dimensions throughout the entire brain region by using multi-echo ultrashort echo-time (UTE)-alternating unbalanced SSFP-FID & SSFP-ECHO (AUSFIDE) image data, a plurality of pieces of measurement data to be pre-processed, and separately acquired cerebral blood volume information data.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems that provide for reliable, convenient, and noninvasive assessment of hydration status. The methods and apparatuses can use the temporal sequence of the aortic value opening and closing along with the user's body position to derive parameters that determine the hydration status of the user. The user can use this information to make near-term lifestyle changes that can improve physical performance, health, and general wellbeing.