Abstract: A hearing assistance device adapted to be worn by a wearer comprises a processor configured to generate a sequence of audio cues that audibly guide the wearer through a series of actions involving the wearer's head and neck in accordance with a predetermined corrective or therapeutic maneuver. A speaker is configured to play back the sequence of audio cues for reception by the wearer. One or more sensors are configured to sense movement of the head during each of the actions. The processor is configured to determine if head movement for an action associated with each audio cue has been correctly executed by the wearer, and produce an output indicative of successful or unsuccessful execution of the actions by the wearer.

Abstract: A garment system comprises a garment substrate formed from one or more textile-based sheets, a distributed array of a plurality of resistive pressure sensors coupled to the garment substrate at a set of first specified locations. Each of the plurality of resistive sensors comprises a pair of first textile-based outer layers each having an electrical resistance of no more than 100 ohms and a textile-based inner layer sandwiched between the pair of first textile-based outer layers having an electrical resistance of at least 1 mega-ohm. The system also includes electronics configured to process signals from the distributed array of resistive pressure sensors to determine one or more physiological properties of a wearer of the garment substrate.

Abstract: An individual monitoring device includes a main body provided with a display screen, a bracelet linked to the main body, a measurement instrument to be positioned opposite a radial artery of the wrist of the user, a processor and a location device. The location device includes a geolocation sensor, an avalanche victim detector and a communications device configured to communicate with a beacon. The device monitors against drowning of a child and includes a first sensor to measure a first parameter physiological parameter of the child, and a second sensor to measure a second physiological parameter of the child. The processor is configured to analyze the first physiological parameter and the second measured physiological parameter, and output information indicating the detection or the non-detection of an anomaly based on the analysis of the first and second physiological parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed are sensor devices, systems, and methods for performing electrochemical measurements. The sensor device includes a flexible orthodontic device substantially cylindrical in shape with a hole in an end configured to allow saliva to pass. The device further includes one or more valves to allow the saliva to pass in a forward direction through the flexible orthodontic device and not in a reverse direction, and one or more electrochemical electrodes configured to contact the saliva, wherein the one or more electrodes are configured to determine the presence of one or more chemical biomarkers in the saliva.

Abstract: An integrated window for a photosensor for use in an electronic device has first and second transparent regions separated by an opaque region. The first transparent region allows a transmitter to emit light out of the housing of the electronic device and the second transparent region allows a receiver to receive light through the housing. The opaque region is disposed between the first and second transparent regions to isolate them from one another such that the transmitted light is isolated from the received light.

Abstract: A sensor (220) for a body monitoring system (1), having analyte-measuring microneedles (210) that extend parallel to a main direction (Z) from a substrate (242) and define a working plane (Pt), wherein the sensor (220) has at least one conductivity electrode (600) with a metallic track (602), the end of the metallic track extending along the main direction (Z) to a position strictly between the substrate (242) and the working plane (Pt).

Abstract: A method for assessing the orthopaedic performance of a joint of a patient can comprise implanting at least a first and second RF wirelessly detectable markers in first and second bones associated with a site and determining and storing their positions before a surgical procedure is performed. The procedure can be carried out on the site and the positions of the first and second markers can be detected and stored after the procedure has been completed. The detected positions can be used to generate a representation of the orthopaedic performance of the joint after the procedure.

Abstract: A method for medical imaging is provided. The method may include automatically determining that a positioning procedure of a subject has been finished based on image data of the subject captured by an image capturing device. The method may also include obtaining status information of a medical device. The method may further include causing the medical device to perform a scan on the subject based on a determination result that the positioning procedure of the subject has been finished, the status information of the medical device, and a starting signal of the scan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device, system and a method for generating a photoplethysmographic image carrying vital sign information of a subject.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating cardiovascular information includes: a main body; and a strap connected to the main body and formed to be flexible to be wrapped around an object, wherein the main body may include: a pulse wave measurer configured to measure, from the subject, a first pulse wave signal by using a first light of a first wavelength, and a second pulse wave signal by using a second light of a second wavelength, the first wavelength being different from the second wavelength; a contact pressure measurer configured to measure a contact pressure between the object and the pulse wave measurer; and a processor configured to extract a cardiovascular characteristic value based on the first pulse wave signal, the second pulse wave signal, and change in the contact pressure, and estimate cardiovascular information based on the extracted cardiovascular characteristic value.

Abstract: System and method for presentation of tissue sensing data being collected from a tissue being measured are presented and configured for on-line as well as for off-line presentation of the tissue sensing data, the system comprising a device configured and operable to display a graphical user interface, the graphical user interface comprises at least one observation field and is configured to be responsive to the tissue sensing data comprising one or more sensing datum of measured tissue property value, to transform each measured tissue property value into virtual representation in the at least one observation field in the form of a parametric space of two different characteristic parameters of tissue corresponding to the measured tissue property value.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to detecting prostate cancer. A processor receives image data indicative of a computed tomography scan comprising a spatial sequence of two-dimensional cross-sectional images. The processor then applies a neural network to the image data by calculating three-dimensional convolutions in one or more convolutional layers of the neural network and evaluating an output layer. A first dimension of the convolutions is defined in space along the spatial sequence of the two-dimensional cross-sectional images. The three-dimensional convolutions comprise convolutions along the first dimension. The output layer is connected to the one or more convolutional layers in the neural network, and has an output value that is indicative of a probability of detecting prostate cancer in the computed tomography scan. Three-dimensional convolutions in the neural network provide a more accurate probability of detecting prostate cancer.

Abstract: A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) method uses a continuous beam and an area detector to carry out fast acquisition of projection data. The acquired projection data are then reconstructed to generate tomographic images. In acquisition of the projection data, a radiation source continuously irradiates a subject with a cone beam of radiation from a plurality of angles and an area detector continuously reads out data. A CBCT system including a source operable to produce a cone beam of radiation and an area detector movable in synchrony with the source to rapidly acquire projection data for CBCT construction is also disclosed.

Abstract: A radiolucent mat includes a strap system configured to secure the radiolucent mat to an image receptor, and a body portion extending along orthogonal length and width directions of the body portion and including a top major surface configured to face away from the image receptor. The top major surface includes one or more first visual indicia delineating a region of the top major surface corresponding to an active region of the image receptor. An image receptor assembly includes the radiolucent mat and a radiography image receptor having an active region. The body portion is disposed on the image receptor such that the body portion and the image receptor are substantially coextensive with one another along the length and width directions.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment includes an X-ray detector, a grid, a slide mechanism, a rotary mechanism, and an arm. The X-ray detector detects X-rays emitted from an X-ray tube. The grid has a fixed relative position to the X-ray detector and is provided with stripes extending in a first direction to remove scattered rays included in the X-rays. The slide mechanism includes at least one slide rail along the first direction and holds the X-ray detector so as to slide in the first direction. The rotary mechanism includes a rotation shaft and rotatably holds the slide mechanism. The arm holds the rotary mechanism and is operable.

Abstract: A panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus includes: an X-ray generating unit; an X-ray detecting unit; a support that supports the X-ray generating unit and the X-ray detecting unit; a drive mechanism that turns at least the X-ray generating unit and the X-ray detecting unit by driving the support; a displacement mechanism that adds movement including a displacement component in a direction different from the turning to the X-ray detecting unit; a subject holding unit that holds an imaging subject; a turning controller that controls the turning by a drive mechanism and the displacement mechanism. The turning controller controls the drive mechanism and the displacement mechanism so as to add the movement avoiding the contact with the shoulder of the imaging subject during the turning of the X-ray generating unit and the X-ray detecting unit by the drive mechanism during the panoramic X-ray imaging.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for breast positioning assistance during mammography and image guided interventional procedures. In one example, a sensor detection system is utilized to evaluate one or more of a patient position, a breast position, and breast anatomy to determine if the patient and breast are adjusted to desired positions preferred for a desired view and imaging procedure prior to acquiring x-ray images, with real-time feedback provided to guide the user to position the breast and/or the patient based on the evaluation. The evaluation is performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) model stored on the x-ray mammography system that is trained using sensor data obtained from imaging procedures performed using the x-ray mammography system and fashioned into training datasets by a training module located on the x-ray mammography system. The datasets are supplied to the AI model without any transmission of the datasets exteriorly of the mammography system.

Abstract: By subjecting a neural network to machine learning using teacher data consisting of learning data and correct answer data, a trained neural network that outputs at least one of a composition of a target subject or a body thickness of the target subject in a case in which at least one target radiation image of the target subject is input is constructed. The learning data includes a standard image acquired by irradiating a standard object of which a thickness and a material are known with radiation in a state in which an object is interposed between the standard object and a radiation detector, an energy characteristic of the radiation, a thickness and a material of the object, and an imaging condition in a case in which the standard image is acquired.

Abstract: A device for editing a panoramic radiography image of an examination object generated by a panoramic X-ray machine, including: an input interface for receiving the panoramic radiography image as well as reconstruction data of the panoramic radiography image, the reconstruction data including information on a course of projection lines of the panoramic radiography image between an X-ray source and an X-ray detector of the panoramic X-ray machine as well as information on an image surface of the panoramic radiography image; an evaluation unit for evaluating the reconstruction data and for determining an image section of the panoramic radiography image that has been generated on the basis of one of the projection lines with two intersection points with the image surface; an image editing unit for editing the panoramic radiography image based on the determined image section; and an output unit for outputting the edited panoramic radiography image.

Abstract: A method and system for facilitating identification and marking of a target in a displayed Fluoroscopic Three-Dimensional Reconstruction (F3DR) of a body region of a patient. The system includes a display and a storage device storing instructions for receiving an initial selection of the target in the F3DR, fining the F3DR based on the initial selection of the target, displaying the fined F3DR on the display, and receiving a final selection of the target in the fined F3DR via a user selection. The system further includes at least one hardware processor configured to execute said instructions. The method and instructions may also include receiving a selection of a medical device in two two-dimensional fluoroscopic images, where the medical device is located in an area of the target, and initially fining the F3DR based on the selection of the medical device.

Abstract: First and second substantially independent identically distributed half scans are obtained; the first substantially independent identically distributed half scan is used as training data to train a machine learning-based system, and the second substantially independent identically distributed half scan is used as label data to train a machine learning-based system. This produces a trained machine learning-based system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to determining an optimal location on the body of a person where heart sounds may be optimally heard. The optimal location may be determined at a time prior to the attempted auscultation and ECG data corresponding to the optimal location may be stored in a memory of an auscultation device. Subsequently, when a e.g., physician wishes to listen to the heart sounds of the person, the physician may place the auscultation device at a first location on the patient. The auscultation device may periodically perform an ECG at a current location and use the ECG data at the current location and the ECG data at the optimal location to determine and provide guidance to the physician regarding a direction in which the auscultation device should be moved in order to reach the optimal location.

Abstract: A method for determining contractility independent of load Ees of a ventricle of a person is provided. The chronological profile of blood pressure during isovolumetric contraction (IVK) and isovolumetric relaxation (IVR) is first determined for a at least one ventricle over at least one period of a person's heartbeat. The at least one resulting pressure curve is then calibrated and normalized, and then the end-systolic pressure is determined from this calibrated, normalized pressure curve. The profile of blood volume over time is determined during isovolumetric contraction (IVK) and isovolumetric relaxation (IVR) for a ventricle over at least one period of a person's heartbeat, to determine the end-systolic volume Ves. The intercept VO is then determined from this end-systolic volume Ves, and contractility independent of load Ees of an examined ventricle of a person is calculated as a slope from the end-systolic pressure Pes, the end-systolic volume Ves, and the intercept V0.

Abstract: Diagnostic apparatus includes a plurality of antennas, which are configured to be disposed at different, respective locations on a thorax of a living body so as to direct radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves from different, respective directions toward a heart in the body and to output RF signals responsively to the waves that are scattered from the heart. Processing circuitry is configured to process the RF signals over time so as to provide a multi-dimensional measurement of a movement of the heart.

Abstract: An ultrasound diagnostic apparatus according to a disclosed embodiment comprises: a recognition information receiver for receiving recognition information from a probe; an input device for receiving a selection signal for the probe from a user; a probe select assembly (PSA) board including a connection module which is capable of mounting a probe connection module and a printed circuit board (PCB) which can electrically be connected to the probe connection module; and a controller for controlling the PSA board such that the probe connection module is connected to the PCB on the basis of the selection signal, and for controlling the probe on the basis of the connection between the probe connection module and the PCB.

Abstract: The present application provides an image display method and an ultrasound imaging system. The image display method includes performing a position adjustment operation on an initial volume view in an image display interface to obtain at least one reference volume view, storing position information of the at least one reference volume view, and creating at least one label to point to the position information, the at least one label being displayed in the image display interface.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the delivery of ultrasound energy to a subject is provided. In particular, such a system and method are capable of safely disrupting the blood-brain barrier. Ultrasound energy is delivered to produce cavitation of an ultrasound contrast agent at a selected pressure value. An acoustic signal is acquired following cavitation, from which a signal spectrum is produced. The signal spectrum is analyzed for the presence of harmonics, such as subharmonics or ultraharmonics. When subharmonics or ultraharmonics are present, the pressure value is decreased for subsequent sonications. If a previous sonication resulted in no subharmonics or ultraharmonics being generated, then the pressure value may be increased. In this manner, the blood-brain barrier can be advantageously disrupted while mitigating potentially injurious effects of the sonication.

Abstract: The invention describes a novel implementation of ultrasound or OCT technology to approximate the dimensions of fluid-filled structures (when using ultrasound technology) or other structures (when using OCT technology). The invention in a preferred embodiment is an elongated member such as a catheter that uses ultrasound or OCT technology to approximate the dimensions of a structure into which the catheter has been placed. In a preferred embodiment, the catheter includes multiple ultrasound transducers arranged in an annular or circumferential configuration on, embedded into or within the body of the elongated member so that distance measurements can be obtained between the elongated member and the wall of the immediately facing structure (e.g., a fluid-filled lumen). Utilizing these measurements, the present invention approximates for the physician the shape and size of the structure into which the elongated member is placed.

Abstract: The present invention is a method, system, and apparatus used to transmit information to an individual and or receiver who is not located at the actual ultrasound procedure that may monitor, communicate, and assist in the procedure in real time as well as provide protocols for specific procedures; wherein the ultrasound machine communicates to a receiver operational information such as but not limited to audio, visual, performance, and so forth; wherein the information may be received in real time to another party not located at the site of the procedure who may assist with the procedure, training, protocols, and so forth; and wherein the receiver may then transmit back to the ultrasound machine specific directions as well as communicate with the ultrasound operator.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to systems and methods for a surgical tool or a surgical robotic system.

Abstract: A station for tomotactic-guided biopsy in prone includes a table with an aperture, and a tomosynthesis imaging system. A biopsy gun can be mounted on a stage arm assembly disposed below the table. The imaging system and stage arm assembly can be independently rotated and linearly repositioned in one or more dimensions, thereby allowing the tomotactic scan axis to be located relative to a breast being imaged.

Abstract: A head immobilization system for immobilizing a patient's head in a supine position of the patient includes a support rail structure adapted to be coupled to a patient rest. The system can further include a mask frame adapted to be coupled to at least one deformable upper mask sheet. The mask frame is releasably connected to the support rail structure via a first interface section and a second interface section, with at least two pins protruding from the first interface section in a first direction, and at least two pin-receptions provided at the second interface section. Each one of the pin-receptions receives one of the pins. A catch-mechanism for each pin-reception and each corresponding pin allows the pin to be pushed further into the pin-reception in the first direction, but interlocks in case of an attempted withdrawal of the pin from the pin-reception in a second, opposite direction.

Abstract: A surgical visualization system may be field programmable. The surgical visualization system may include a field programable gate array (FPGA) and a processor. The FPGA may be configured to transform sensor information of backscattered laser light into real-time information of particle movement (e.g., blood cells) in a portion of a surgical field. The processor may be configured to receive an input and, based on that input, to reconfigure the logic elements of the FPGA, changing the operation of the FPGA from a first transform to a second transform. For example, the logic elements of the FPGA may be configured to assess particle movement at a selectable depth and then reconfigured, at the request of a surgeon, to assess aggregate particle movement over multiple depths.

Abstract: A method and ultrasound imaging system including a plurality of probe holders and a plurality of light assemblies attached to the plurality of probe holders. The plurality of light assemblies is configured to be controlled by a processor to selectively illuminate one or more of the plurality of probe holders.

Abstract: A surgical lighting system includes a light head housing, a handle, a camera, and an optical fiber cable. The light head housing includes a plurality of light emitting elements therein that are arranged to emit light downward to a region of interest. The handle is mounted to the light head housing and protrudes downward from the light head housing, the handle including a handle housing having a sufficient size to be gripped by the human hand. A camera is mounted within the handle housing, the camera having a field of view that encompasses at least a portion of the region of interest. An optical fiber cable extends from a location within the handle housing and to the light head housing, the optical fiber cable being configured to transmit optical video signals associated with video data captured by the camera to the light head housing.

Abstract: A memory device includes a first and second conductor respectively included in a first and second layer stack stacked in a first direction and separated from each other; a first and second portion of a semiconductor extending in the first direction between the first and the second layer stack, and separated from each other in same layer; a first film between the first conductor and the first portion; a second film between the second conductor and the second portion; a first insulator between the first conductor and the first film; a second insulator between the second conductor and the second film; a third insulator between the first insulator and the first film; and a fourth insulator between the second insulator and the second film. The third and fourth insulator have a higher dielectric constant than the first and second insulator.

Abstract: Medical software tools platforms utilize a surgical display to provide access to specific medical software tools, such as medically-oriented applications or widgets, that can assist surgeons or surgical team in performing various procedures. In particular, an endoscopic camera may register the momentary rise in the optical signature reflected from a tissue surface and in turn transmit it to a medical image processing system which can also receive patient heart rate data and display relevant anomalies. Changes in various spectral components and the speed at which they change in relation to a source of stimulus (heartbeat, breathing, light source modulation, etc.) may indicate the arrival of blood, contrast agents or oxygen absorption. Combinations of these may indicate various states of differing disease or margins of tumors, and so forth. Also, changes in temperatures, physical dimensions, pressures, photoacoustic pressures and the rate of change may indicate tissue anomalies in comparison to historic values.

Abstract: A medical device support system including a shaft, extension arm, and floating stop. A guide channel member is fixed to the shaft and includes an elongated cavity that defines first and second contact faces at its opposite ends. A hub of the extension arm is pivotably mounted for a range of at least 360 degrees rotation about a rotation axis of the shaft. The at least 360 degrees rotation range is based on a compound of a first rotation range and a second rotation range. The first rotation range is defined by a fixed stop of the hub configured to move between first and second contact faces of a radially outer portion of the floating stop. The second rotation range is defined by a radially inner portion of the floating stop configured to move between the first and second contact faces of the elongated cavity of the guide channel member.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus are disclosed involving an electronic medical records (EMR) system and security platform adapted for the safety and security of newborn babies. An exemplary device comprises a wireless-enabled umbilical cord clamp apparatus having a wireless-enabled tag and a tamper-evident switch. An exemplary system further includes a server, a wireless transceiver, a console apparatus, and a wireless-enabled umbilical cord clamp apparatus. The wireless transceiver may act as tag reader within a matrix of other tag reader distributed through a hospital. The console interacts with the wireless tag and the server. The wireless tag is used to generate location data and status data for determination by the server and/or console of the location and status of the clamp apparatus within the hospital matrix. The server and/or console may receive and interpret such tag data, and compute appropriate responses thereof, such as locking down hospital perimeter doors.

Abstract: A nozzle (14) for use with a personal care device (10), comprising: (i) a nozzle housing (50/52) defining a central channel (54) through which a stream of liquid and/or air is directed, and comprising a housing orifice (56) at the end of the central channel; (ii) a magnetorheological liquid housing (58) located over at least a portion of the nozzle housing at the housing orifice, and comprising a tip with an adjustable diameter orifice (59) through which the stream of liquid and/or air exits, wherein the adjustable orifice is adjustable between at least a first diameter and a second diameter; and (iii) one or more magnets (62) configured to control magnetorheological liquid (60) in the magnetorheological liquid housing to adjust between the at least first diameter and second diameter of the adjustable diameter orifice.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a laser system including a laser station including at least one laser, at least one processor, and at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in data communication with the at least one processor. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes program instructions executable by the at least one processor, and enabling or operating an exchange of data between the at least one laser station and at least one remote network. The laser system includes at least one GUI display configured and arranged to display operating parameters or functions of the at least one laser and/or any of the data exchanged between the laser station and at least one remote network. The program instructions include instructions that direct the processor to update the at least one GUI display with a plurality of user-selectable graphics arranged around the periphery or circumference of a central display.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described for generating an interdental filler model for a patient. Locations for ends of the interdental filler model may be determined. A curvature of the interdental filler model may be determined. A shape of the interdental filler model may be determined. A first arc may be determined for a first end of the interdental filler model and a second arc may be determined for a second end of the interdental filler model. A set of arcs may be interpolated between the first arc and the second arc. The set of arcs may be grounded on the patient's gingiva. The interdental filler model may be generated based on the set of arcs.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembly set for a removable partial denture comprising one or more replacement teeth as well as a framework with one or more retention sections. Each of the retention sections is configured to receive and retain one or more of the replacement teeth. Each of the replacement teeth comprises a bottom face with a surface structure configured to engage an assigned complementary retention structure provided by one of the retention sections of the framework configured to receive the respective replacement tooth. Each surface structure provides in combination with the assigned complementary retention structure a non-destructive detachable direct connection between the replacement tooth comprising the respective surface structure and the retention section comprising the respective assigned complementary retention structure.

Abstract: An electrical discharge irrigation includes a power source to produce a first voltage, a circuit coupled to the power source to convert the first voltage to a second voltage, a discharge capacitor to receive the second voltage from the circuit, a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier coupled to the discharge capacitor to receive the second voltage, and an output tip. This tip is coupled to a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier and includes a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis extending between them, an electrode located in an interior space of the tip to receive an electrical charge from the a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier and to release an electric discharge, and a ground return. The ground return is an outside surface of the tip. A space between the electrode and the ground return holds a conductive medium in contact with the electrode and the ground return.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mouthpiece for a vibratory tooth cleaning device for simultaneously cleaning several, preferably all, of a user's teeth, comprising a holder and a silicone casing substantially completely surrounding the holder. In addition, a vibratory tooth cleaning device and a manufacturing method for a silicone casing and mouthpiece are provided.

Abstract: A dental implant locator cleaning assembly includes a cleaning head that is attachable to a periodontal tool which employs oscillation and pressurized water for cleaning dental implants. The cleaning head has a plurality of tabs oriented to surround a dental implant locator for scrubbing an outer surface of the dental implant locator when the periodontal tool is turned on. The cleaning head has a fluid nozzle that is centrally positioned therein and is surrounded by the plurality of tabs. The fluid nozzle extends into a well in the dental implant locator and the fluid nozzle is in fluid communication with the periodontal tool when the cleaning head is attached to the periodontal tool. In this way the fluid nozzle can spray a fluid into the well in the dental implant locator for cleaning debris from the well in the dental implant locator.

Abstract: A whitening light includes a mouthpiece having a light array arranged along the mouthpiece for directing light onto an exposed portion of teeth of a user. The whitening light includes a rear portion comprising a first power source communicably coupled to the light array and a first charging mechanism configured to receive power transferred from a second charging mechanism located on a case for the whitening light. The first power source includes a rechargeable battery charged by the second charging mechanism to a power output sufficient to power the whitening light to emit light configured to whiten teeth upon selection of a button on the rear portion of the whitening light to commence a treatment session, to emit the light for a predetermined duration corresponding to a duration of the treatment session, and to automatically switch the light array to an off-setting following expiration of the predetermined duration.

Abstract: A dental treatment tray for applying a dental treatment to teeth and/or gums of a user includes a top tray including a base surface having at least one hole extending through the base surface, and a bottom tray including a base surface having at least one hole extending through the base surface. The dental treatment tray includes at least one chamber formed between the base surface of the top tray and the base surface of the bottom tray, and at least one dental treatment capsule contained within the chamber. The capsule encapsulates the dental treatment and is configured to release the dental treatment when in the mouth of the user. The at least one hole of the top tray and the at least one hole of the bottom tray are configured to permit passage of the dental treatment from the chamber to the teeth and/or gums of the user.

Abstract: A method for obtaining an orthodontic treatment plan is provided. The method comprises obtaining a treatment plan for treatment of a tooth of a patient, the treatment plan including two or more stage force values, wherein each of the two or more stage force values is based on a target orthodontic force value that is based on one or more determinate points of periodontal ligament (PDL) behavior data. For each of the two or more stage force values, the method includes determining configuration parameters for configuring an orthodontic appliance to apply the stage force value to a tooth of the patient; and, using the configuration parameters to manufacture an orthodontic appliance configured to apply the stage force value.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for manufacturing an appliance for correcting malocclusions of a patient's teeth. The method may include measuring the positions of a patient's teeth and receiving tooth movement constraints. The method may also include generating an initial treatment plan based on the measured tooth positions and the tooth movement constraints and measuring the malocclusions of the patient's teeth for one or more types of dental malocclusions. The method may also include generating a plurality of treatment plans from the initial treatment plan based on the measured malocclusion and generating a model of an appliance for each stage of the treatment plan. The method may also include generating instructions for fabricating the appliance for each stage of the treatment plan based on the model of the appliance for each stage of the treatment plan.