Abstract: A composition comprising an agonist of a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor subtype 3, for the use in the treatment of a cognitive or neurological disorder in a patient, said patient having been pre-treated with naltrexone, or a metabolite thereof or an analogue selected from the group consisting of methylnaltrexone, nalmefene and nalorphine.
Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising naltrexone or a metabolite thereof or an analogue selected from the group consisting of methylnaltrexone, nalmefene and nalorphine, for use in the treatment of an autoimmune disease within a subject, wherein a therapeutically effective amount of the naltrexone or metabolite thereof or analogue of either is to be administered to the subject in a first treatment phase, wherein after the first treatment phase the subject is to be administered a therapeutically effective amount of a cannabinoid, flavonoid or terpene in a second treatment phase, and wherein an agonist of a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor is to be administered to the subject either simultaneously, sequentially or separately with the naltrexone, the metabolite or analogue.
Abstract: Provided herein are compounds and methods for the treatment of cancer. The methods include administering to a subject in need a therapeutically effective amount of a cyclic sulfonamide RNR inhibitor disclosed herein.
Type:
Application
Filed:
February 6, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Anthony B. PINKERTON, Jacques MAUGER, Yen Pham Hong TRUONG, Camille REMEUR, Jérôme TOUM, Olivier MIRGUET
Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising the compound of formula (I) or pharmaceutically usable solvates, salts or tautomers thereof, and dosage regimens for the administration thereof to human patients.
Type:
Application
Filed:
July 5, 2021
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Dirk BEHER, Bruno PERMANNE, Rolf POKORNY, Anna QUATTROPANI
Abstract: Methods for inhibiting Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) protein and Chk1 protein in subjects affected by a chromatinopathy by administering inhibitors of the ATR and Chk1 proteins to the subjects are provided. The chromatinopathy is selected from Kabuki Syndrome (KS), Kabuki Syndrome 2 (KS 2), Charge Syndrome (CS), Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RT) and Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdL).
Abstract: This invention provides a compound of formula I, their synthesis and their use for treating a SHP2 mediated disorder. More particularly, this invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the said compound.
Type:
Application
Filed:
February 29, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Huifeng Han, Panliang Gao, Cunbo Ma, Di Kang
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to pharmaceutical composition comprising Lumateperone or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form and, processes for manufacture thereof.
Abstract: Described herein are liquid oral gliptin compositions. The liquid oral gliptin compositions may comprise a gliptin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an artificial non-sugar alcohol sweetening agent, and liquid oral gliptin compositions may have a sugar alcohol content of less 25 w/v %. The liquid oral gliptin compositions described herein have improved taste and stability. Further provided herein are methods of manufacturing liquid oral gliptin compositions.
Abstract: Methods for treating cough, chronic cough and urges to cough associated with respiratory diseases with a P2X3 and/or a P2X2/3 receptor antagonist, the methods comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 19, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Applicant:
Afferent Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Inventors:
Anthony P. Ford, Kathleen Sereda Glaub, Michael M. Kitt, Steven Smith
Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrazolyl-pyrimidine derivatives, to a process for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use as therapeutic agents. The compounds are kinase inhibitors, in particular are inhibitors of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK) and can be used in treatment of cancer, cell proliferative disorders, viral infections, immune disorders, neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular diseases.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 15, 2021
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Applicant:
NERVIANO MEDICAL SCIENCES S.R.L.
Inventors:
Simona BINDI, Laura BUFFA, Giovanni CERVI, Roberto D'ALESSIO, Maria MENICHINCHERI, Michele MODUGNO
Abstract: A pazopanib oral pharmaceutical composition, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof are provided. The pazopanib oral pharmaceutical composition contains an active drug, a polymer carrier, an organic solvent and/or water. The active drug is 5-[[4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino]pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide as represented by formula I or a salt thereof. Dispersion of pazopanib in the form of a solution can significantly improve the solubility and dissolution rate of pazopanib, can significantly increase the drug bioavailability, and can also improve the compliance of a patient and solve the problems of dysphagia in elderly patients, etc.
Type:
Application
Filed:
July 28, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Zhen Guo, Xuan WANG, Pengcheng LU, Jun FU, Tingting WANG, Shuhuan YING
Abstract: The present invention relates to TRPA1 channel antagonist compounds for use in the prevention and/or treatment of retinal diseases, in particular in the prevention and/or treatment of macular degeneration. The present invention also relates to an ophthalmic composition comprising at least one TRPA1 channel antagonist compound for topical ophthalmic use in the prevention and/or treatment of at least one degenerative retinal disease, preferably macular degeneration.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 7, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Applicant:
FLONEXT S.R.L.
Inventors:
Pierangelo GEPPETTI, Romina NASSINI, Francesco DE LOGU
Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to the use of an ERK1/2 inhibitor or a SHP2 inhibitor in combination with a FLT3 inhibitor, such as gilteritinib, for treating cancer, specifically acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 23, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Robert Field SHOEMAKER, Wei LIN, Erin Denise LEW, Jingchuan ZHANG, Joanne OH, Leenus MARTIN, Leslie Harris BRAIL
Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to the use of an ERK 1/2 inhibitor in combination with a KRAS G12C inhibitor for treating cancer, specifically solid tumors.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 23, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Robert Field SHOEMAKER, Erin Denise LEW, Wei LIN, Jingchuan ZHANG, Joanne OH
Abstract: FGFR3 gain-of-function mutations are responsible for a family of chondrodysplasias namely, achondroplasia (ACH) the most common form of dwarfism, a lethal form of dwarfism thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) as well as and hypochondroplasia. Recent data demonstrate that Infigratinib (NVP-BGJ398) corrects pathological hallmarks of ACH and support it as a 10 potential therapeutic approach for FGFR3-related skeletal diseases. Now the inventors has investigated the feasibility to treat the defective growth of the skeleton during the pregnancy with the drug. They treated pregnant female Fgfr3Nco/Y67C mice with the drug (4 mg/kg) that was injected subcutaneously at day E14.5 continuing daily through day 1 (after birth). The data indicated that BGJ398 treatment during 5 days in pregnant mice successfully repressed skeletal 15 anomalies that occurred during embryonic stages. Accordingly, the present invention relates to methods for treatment of FGFR3-related skeletal diseases during pregnancy with Infigratinib.
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a combination of an FAK inhibitor, an immunogenic cell death inducer, and an immune checkpoint inhibitor for the treatment of a tumor. The present disclosure also relates to a combination of an FAK inhibitor and an immunogenic cell death inducer for the treatment of a tumor.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 4, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Baoyuan Zhang, Xuebi Liu, Ping Zhang, Ran Pang, Zaiqi Wang
Abstract: Described herein are non-peptide drug conjugates (NPDCs) that target tumor cells expressing cell surface peptide and protein G protein-coupled receptors and their use in the treatment and/or diagnosis of cancer.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 8, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
R. Scott STRUTHERS, Jian ZHAO, Yunfei ZHU
Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition is provided comprising combination of antiretroviral drugs optionally in combination of pharmacokinetic boosters. The formulation is used for the treatment of diseases caused by retroviruses. The process of preparation of the formulation is also provided.
Abstract: Various methods and compositions for treating single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) patients, including patients who have undergone Fontan surgery and who have Fontan circulation (Fontan patient), to improve exercise performance, especially to improve exercise performance at peak or max VO2 in a sub-super Fontan population, i.e., a subgroup of Fontan patients who have a baseline peak or max VO2 of less than (<) 80% predicted, and to improve exercise performance at ventilatory anaerobic threshold (“VAT”) in both the super Fontan population, i.e., Fontan patients who have a baseline peak or max VO2 of greater than (?) 80% predicted, and the sub-super Fontan population.
Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods of treating vascular malformation using cell cycle inhibitors, such as palbociclib, ribociclib, CVT-313, and abemaciclib, as well as pharmaceutical compositions. The methods can include treating adults that have developed a vascular malformation, treating neonates that may develop a vascular malformation, or treating children that have developed a vascular malformation or that may develop a vascular malformation.
Type:
Application
Filed:
January 31, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Karen K. Hirschi, Gael Genet, Shelby Rose Cain, Nafiisha Genet
Abstract: This application relates to methods of treating and/or preventing cancer (e.g., non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, or thymoma) in patients in need thereof comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a CDK inhibitor (e.g., milciclib) in combination with a therapeutically effective amount of another anticancer drug (e.g., sorafenib, lenvatinib, regorafenib, sunitinib, nivolumab, gemcitabine, and palbociclib).
Abstract: The present invention relates to a monolithic tablet composition for oral administration of tofacitinib, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 3, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Manuel GAGO GUILLAN, Lisardo ALVAREZ FERNANDEZ, Rohit KUMAR
Abstract: A compound and method may treat chemotherapy-associated gastrointestinal side effects. A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the preparation of a medicament: may be used for preventing, alleviating, and/or treating gastrointestinal side effects associated with chemotherapy in a subject. A method may use such a compound to treat chemotherapy-associated gastrointestinal side effects.
Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a pyrrolopyrimidine compound and a pharmaceutical composition thereof for treating chronic graft versus host disease, and particularly relates to the use of a compound of formula (I), a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition thereof for treating chronic graft versus host disease.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 21, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Applicants:
CHIA TAI TIANQING PHARMACEUTICAL GROUP CO., LTD., SHOUYAO HOLDINGS (BEIJING) CO., LTD., LIANYUNGANG RUNZHONG PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD.
Abstract: The present invention relates to new pharmaceutical compositions comprising {1S-[1?,2?,3?(1S*,2R*),5?}-3-(7-{[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-cyclopropyl]amino}-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazol[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy) cyclopentane-1,2-diol, commercially known as ticagrelor, and the copolymer formed by polyvinyl alcohol units and polyethylene glycol units as a binder.
Abstract: The present disclosure concerns agents and therapeutic methods of mitigating at least one symptom of Fragile X syndrome (FXS) GRIN disorder, SynGAPI intellectual disability or Phelan-McDermid syndrome. The agents are inhibitors of one or more phosphodiesterase capable of hydrolyzing cGMP and optionally cAMP. In some embodiments, the agents can be inhibitors of a phosphodiesterase 1, 2, 5 or 10. The present disclosure also concerns a screening method for identifying test agents capable of mitigating at least one symptom of FXS. The screening methods determines that the test agent (or the combination of test agents) is useful when it is capable of increasing the activity of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Preferably, a mGluR5 blocking agent is combined with the phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the treatments described herein.
Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and uses for treating, ameliorating, delaying the progression of, and/or preventing a muscular dystrophy or a cancer including, but not limited to, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) or a sarcoma. More particularly, disclosed herein are methods of using small molecule protein arginine methylation (PRMT) inhibitors, and uses of these inhibitors, for inhibiting methylation of amino acids, e.g., arginine, in the double homeobox 4 (DUX4) protein. Even more particularly, the disclosure provides methods of using such methylation inhibitors or arginine methylation inhibitors for inhibiting methylation of the DUX4 protein resulting in reduced DUX4-activated cell death, including reduced DUX4-activated muscle cell death and/or reduced DUX4 target gene activation.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 24, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Scott Quenton Harper, Jocelyn Eidahl, Lindsay Wallace, Renatta Knox
Abstract: Provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising (i) a phosphodiesterase inhibitor or an adenosine receptor antagonist, (ii) a calcium channel blocker, (iii) a histamine H1-receptor agonist, a histamine H2-receptor agonist, or a histamine H3-receptor antagonist, and (iv) a ?2-adrenoreceptor agonist; wherein at least one of two or more active pharmaceutical compounds is deuterium enriched. Also provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one of two or more deuterated compounds which increase pharmacokinetic half-life (increasing the duration of action) and reduce side effects by allowing for reduction of the dose levels. A method of use thereof pharmaceutical composition for treating, preventing, or ameliorating a cardiovascular disease.
Abstract: A combination therapy for treating PIK3CA-mutated cancer, comprising administering a PI3K inhibitor, a prostaglandin receptor (PGE2) inhibitor, and a PD-1 inhibitor to a subject in need thereof. The anti-tumor activity brought about by a three-drug combination method is significantly superior to that brought about by a two-drug combination method of the PI3K inhibitor and the PD-1 inhibitor, and the prostaglandin receptor (PGE2) and the PD-1 inhibitor.
Type:
Application
Filed:
November 30, 2021
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Applicant:
ADLAI NORTYE BIOPHARMA CO., LTD.
Inventors:
Nanhai HE, Peng CHEN, Zhiyong YU, Yang LU
Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising 3-aminoisoxazolopyridine compounds of the Formula I having IDO1 and/or TDO inhibitory activity are described, where W is CR1, N or N-oxide; X is CR2, N or N-oxide; Y is CR3, N or N-oxide; Z is CR4, N or N-oxide; and at least one of W, X, Y, and Z is N or N-oxide; and R9 and R10 are as defined. Also described are methods of using such compounds in the treatment of various conditions, such as cancer.
Type:
Application
Filed:
October 16, 2023
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Brian Desmond Palmer, Lai Ming Ching, Swarnalatha Akuratiya Gamage
Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (preferably recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck) with a compound which is (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-[7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholin-4-yl-propoxy)-quinazolin-4-yl]-amine (NRC-2694) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention also relates to the treatment of head and neck cancer with a compound which is (3-ethynyl-phenyl)-[7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholin-4-yl-propoxy)-quinazolin-4-yl]-amine (NRC-2694) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the treating the head and neck cancer comprises reducing the size of one or more tumours associated with the head and neck cancer.
Abstract: A method for treating an influenza virus infection is described. The disclosed method generally involves administering an effective amount of a compound (A), for example baloxavir marboxil, and a compound (B), for example a neuraminidase inhibor, to a subject that (1) has an influenza virus infection, (2) has been symptomatic of the influenza virus infection for no more than 96 hours, and (3) further has at least one severe influenza condition selected from the following: (a) being hospitalized due to severe influenza virus infection, (b) requiring an extension of hospitalization because of the influenza virus infection during the hospitalization, (c) having a National Early Warning Score 2 of four or more, (d) being on support for respiration, and (e) having at least one complication attributable to the influenza virus infection that necessitates hospitalization.
Abstract: This document provides methods and materials for assessing and/or treating mammals (e.g., humans) having prostate cancer. In some cases, methods and materials for identifying a mammal (e.g., a human) as having a resistant prostate cancer (e.g., a prostate cancer that it has become resistant or refractory to one or more cancer treatments) are provided. In some cases, methods and materials for treating a mammal (e.g., a human) having prostate cancer (e.g., a resistant prostate cancer) are provided.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 17, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Roman Thaler, Andre J. van Wijnen, Fabrice Lucien-Matteoni, Haidong Dong, Haojie Huang, Sean S. Park, Jacob J. Orme
Abstract: Provided are methods, uses, pharmaceutical regimens, pharmaceutical compositions, and kits comprising modulators of TLR7, including those of Formula II: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful in treating HIV infections.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 21, 2023
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Romas Geleziunas, Joseph E. Hesselgesser
Abstract: Methods and compositions for delivery of a therapeutic useful for e.g., neuron regeneration, neuroprotection, and/or slowing disease progression. Treatment of diseases and conditions characterized by neurodegeneration.
Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the treatment of cancers, as well as pharmaceutical preparations of compounds useful in such treatments.
Abstract: Compositions are described including a combination of hydroxytyrosol and 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-?-boswellic acid. The hydroxytyrosol may be sourced from an olive extract and the 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-?-boswellic acid may be sourced from a Boswellia serrata extract. The compositions may be formulated for oral administration to a mammalian or an avian subject. Methods for preventing or reducing an inflammatory response in connective tissue are provided, the methods comprising orally administering the compositions to a subject in need thereof.
Abstract: Disclosed herein, in certain embodiments, are compositions, solutions, and soft gelatin capsules comprising 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-HPC). In certain embodiments, also disclosed herein are methods, dosing regimens, and kits for use in the treatment of a disease or condition.
Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and methods which may be useful as treatments of neuromuscular diseases such as muscular dystrophy, and as inhibitors of NF-?B for the treatment or prevention of muscular wasting disease, including muscular dystrophy.
Type:
Application
Filed:
October 27, 2023
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
John M. MCCALL, Eric HOFFMAN, Kanneboyina NAGARAJU
Abstract: The present invention relates to a formulation and method for treating an ear infection, especially otomycosis and otitis externa, by administering a one-time only treatment comprising an antibiotic, antifungal, and an anti-inflammatory in a thick, otic carrier. In one embodiment, the formulation comprises a therapeutically effective amount of active ingredients including a marbofloxacin, terbinafine and/or clotrimazole and dexamethasone.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 17, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Douglas I. Hepler, Gail L. Dempsey, Dorothea A. Erxleben, Neil E. Paulsen
Abstract: The present invention relates to an amorphous nano-molecular association composed of an organic/inorganic material or a salt thereof, and more specifically, to an amorphous nano-molecular association, which is prepared by applying a shear stress to an organic/inorganic material or a salt thereof, and thus has excellent solubility and permeability to a lipid membrane.
Abstract: Provided is a method for treating or preventing laminitis comprising administering to an ungulate a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a 21-aminosteroid, such as U-74389G/Methylated Tirilazad.
Abstract: Methods and formulations for minimizing or avoiding the sorption of glyburide to surfaces of delivery tubing, filters, bags, and other containers and materials, thereby storing and delivering a more stable product, delivering a predictable and accurate dose of glyburide, while minimizing impurities, avoiding drug waste, reducing cost, and significantly reducing the amount of dosing solution that must be infused into the patient.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 15, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Applicant:
REMEDY PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Inventors:
Kenny K. TRAN, Deirdre LOWE, Rupa Rishikesh SAWANT, Haihong CHEN, Yiqing LIN
Abstract: Methods for treating inflammatory, autoinflammatory or autoimmune symptoms associated with administration of a biologic (e.g., a vaccine) are described herein. Certain methods include treating side effects of mRNA based vaccines such as COVID-19 vaccines.
Abstract: A Cannabidiol (CBD) and terpene formulation that increases restorative sleep and decreases anxiety and depression in humans is disclosed herein.
Type:
Application
Filed:
May 9, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Paul Muchowski, Eric Chang, Michael Wang
Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition, comprising metronidazole or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB), and ethyl acetate. Also disclosed is a method treating or preventing a protozoal or bacterial infection or disease, comprising administering to a non-human subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition.
Type:
Application
Filed:
January 26, 2024
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Lesley Corene Rausch-Derra, Susan Mancini Cady, Rex Allen Henry, Robbin Lynn Koenig, Michael Radomsky, Donald Duwe, Jessica Williams, Arthur Tipton
Abstract: A pharmaceutical assembly comprising a tobramycin inhalation solution and use thereof. The pharmaceutical assembly comprises: (a) a tobramycin inhalation solution; and (b) a vibrating screen atomizer for use in combination with a tobramycin inhalation solution, wherein a central area of a metal mesh of the vibrating screen atomizer has 1400-1800 micropores. A droplet size of the tobramycin inhalation solution is that: D10 is 0.5 ?m-2.5 ?m, D50 is 2.0 ?m-4.2 ?m, and D90 is 6.0 ?m-9.0 ?m; particles having an aerodynamic particle size less than 5.39 ?m have a mass percentage not less than 45% of the tobramycin inhalation solution. The pharmaceutical assembly is used for treating bronchiectasis.
Type:
Application
Filed:
July 26, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Inventors:
Fang JIN, Juan HUANG, Wei DENG, Xia YANG, Min LI, Xiong YU
Abstract: Composition for administration to a subject comprising (a) an effective amount of a von Hippel Lindau protein inhibitor selected from meisoindigo, tanshinone IIA, 7-hydroxyflavone, dicumarol, flavone, tabersonine, danthron, equol, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of each of the foregoing, and (b) an effective amount of a PHD2/EGLN1 protein inhibitor selected from glabridin, puerarin, wedelolactone, phlorizin and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of each the foregoing.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 27, 2022
Publication date:
August 29, 2024
Applicant:
Curapep LLC
Inventors:
Abdulhafez Selim, Amor Khachemoune, Lawrence Shimp
Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an inhibitor of invasion of virus to cells that inhibits virus invasion into cells. The present invention includes an inhibitor of invasion of virus to cells including at least one component (A) selected from ?-glucosylrutin, ?-glucosylhesperidin, and ?-glucosylnaringin, wherein the virus has a spike protein that binds to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2).