Abstract: The present invention in general relates to a devolatilization apparatus for removing volatiles from a polymer melt feed. The present invention also relates to a process or method for reducing volatiles in a polymer melt feed.

Abstract: Processes for producing and/or purifying hydrogen iodide (HI), including methods for removing iodine-containing species from a mixture including at least one iodine containing species and hydrogen iodide, as well as methods for removing elemental iodine and hydrogen triiodide from a mixture including at least one iodine containing species and hydrogen iodide.

Abstract: Water distillation device, comprising: a body having a lateral wall and defining a cavity suitable for allowing the distillation of an amount of water to distill, wherein in said cavity are defined a distillation chamber and a condensation chamber, wherein the condensation chamber comprises a collection portion designed to collect at least temporarily distilled water, a heater, configured to heat the amount of water to distill present, in use, in the distillation chamber, a cooler, configured to cause a condensation of a distillation steam deriving from the heating of the water to distill through the heater, wherein the cooler is a refrigerator evaporator, the heater is a refrigerator condenser and wherein the water distillation device comprises a refrigerator compressor connected to the refrigerator evaporator and to the refrigerator condenser, said refrigerator compressor being configured to compress a gas directed within said refrigerator condenser determining, in use, a heating of the latter sufficient

Abstract: Provided is a method for stably obtaining a product. The present invention relate to a tank for use in a purification apparatus, the tank being: at least one of a crystallization tank that forms a slurry containing crystals of a compound or a ripening tank that is capable of keeping crystals of a compound suspended therein, the tank including a nozzle for feeding a compound-containing solution or a slurry containing crystals of a compound into the tank while the solution or slurry is brought into contact with an inner wall surface of the tank; and a heating mechanism for heating an area of the inner wall surface with which the compound-containing solution or the slurry containing crystals of a compound is to be brought into contact.

Abstract: A bubble trap includes a body having an interior surface bounding a cavity that extends between an upper end and an opposing lower end, an axis extends centrally through the cavity of the body between the upper end and the lower end, a first plane extends through the body orthogonal to the axis so as to divide the body into an upper body portion and a lower body, the interior surface of the lower body portion having a constant first radius from a fixed first center point, the interior surface of the upper body portion not having a constant radius from a fixed center point. A tubular spout projects into the cavity at the lower end encircles a channel that communicates with the cavity. A liquid inlet port, a liquid outlet port, and a gas outlet port communicate with the cavity.

Abstract: A method and a system for purification of contaminated oil, said method comprising at least two phases: —a filter preparation phase which comprises the steps of: ? providing a depth filter by building at least a part of the depth filter from a filter material; and ? impregnating at least a part of said depth filter with a separation aid, and —an oil filtering phase comprising the step of filtering contaminated oil through said depth filter which has been prepared during the filter preparation phase.

Abstract: A grid cover for a grid of a filter system covers a strut of the grid. The grid cover may be removable. The grid cover may be configured as a clip and may be clipped on the strut of the grid.

Abstract: Filter structure including filter layer having air permeability to filter gas passing therethrough and adhesive layer of adhesive on at least part of one surface of the filter layer. A size of the filter layer is appropriate for the dimension of a first object, in case of attachment to a second object having a dimension smaller than that of the first object, the filter layer configured to be cut at a predetermined position, in which the adhesive layer includes a strip contour adhesive layer continuous along a contour of the filter layer and a strip partition adhesive layer continuous along at least part of the contour adhesive layer, at a predetermined interval therefrom, within the contour adhesive layer, a cut region being set between the contour adhesive layer and the partition adhesive layer so that the filter layer is cut to a size appropriate for a size of the second object.

Abstract: A compressor system includes a compression module having an inlet for receiving air; and a filter housing in fluid communication with the compression module. The filter housing is constructed to house a filter, the filter having a sealing feature disposed at a first end of the filter and having an engagement feature disposed at a second end of the filter opposite the first end. The filter housing includes a trap door constructed to contact the engagement feature, and constructed to drive the engagement feature in a direction parallel to an axis of the filter toward the sealing feature and urge the sealing feature into sealing engagement with the filter housing.

Abstract: A device for treating fluorinated gases includes an inlet section for receiving a gas to be treated; an outlet section for conveying the treated gas to an outlet; a fluid-dynamic circuit between the inlet and the outlet sections that includes a plurality of branches in parallel; flow cut-off elements that can be controlled via an actuation signal for the closing/opening of the branches of the fluid-dynamic circuit to provide the gas with access to different paths so as to vary the volume available to the gas inside the circuit; a plurality of filtering units arranged at least partly in the branches of the fluid-dynamic circuit to filter the gas; an input for receiving information on gas volume to be treated; and a control unit programmed to read the input and send actuation commands to the cut-off elements to open/close the branches of the circuit according to gas volume.

Abstract: A filter element for filtering a fluid has a filter medium body with a zigzag-folded filter medium. The filter medium body has a raw-side inlet surface and a clean-side outlet surface and outer edges including an angled outer edge positioned at an angle larger than 40° relative to an advancing direction of the folds of the filter medium. First adhesive traces are arranged in an unwound state of the filter medium on at least one end face of the filter medium at outer edges of the filter medium such that neighboring folds of the filter medium are bonded near end face edges of the at least one filter medium body. A second adhesive trace extends, at least in sections, adjacent to one of the first adhesive traces in a region of the angled outer edge of the filter medium body. A method for producing the filter element is provided.

Abstract: Collapsible filter assembly includes a filter medium element and a frame at least partially surrounding the filter medium element. The frame and filter media element are configured to vary in at least two dimensions by folding or unfolding. In at least on example, the filter medium element is rectangularly pleated or round pleated. Upon removal of the filter assembly from packaging and other restraints, the filter assembly may naturally expand with regard to footprint and volume, with some manual assistance being expected of a typical user in unfolding from an area-reduced configuration to an area-expanded configuration, and from a volumetrically reduced configuration to a volumetrically expanded configuration.

Abstract: A composition for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture includes 2-aminocyclohexanol, cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, meglumine, or combinations thereof. A process of CO2 capture includes mixing a CO2-containing gas with the composition. A system includes a component for receiving a gas and the composition, which absorbs CO2 from the gas. A further composition includes a first amine solvent selected from 2-aminocyclohexanol, cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, and meglumine and a second amine solvent independently selected from 2-aminocyclohexanol, cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, meglumine, ethyl diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, piperidine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and monoethanolamine. A further process includes reacting CO2 with an amine selected from 2-aminocyclohexanol, cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, and meglumine.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a power-to-water (P2W) battery and its use for converting atmospheric water vapor into water by surplus renewable energy. The P2W battery includes, a thermal energy storage (TES) unit made of high-storage-density media for storing heat; a hygroscopic solution container consists of an inner container made of a conduction material for receiving the TES unit therein, a water vapor permeable membrane disposed outside and around the inner container, a hygroscopic solution disposed between a space formed between the inner container and the water vapor permeable membrane; and a condenser disposed downstream and coupled to the hygroscopic solution container; wherein the hygroscopic solution is capable of absorbing the atmospheric water vapor, which is released by heat stored within the TES unit when the TES unit is received in the inner container; and the atmospheric water vapor released from the hygroscopic solution is condensed into water by the condenser.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for sulfur (S), carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) recovery from a gaseous stream, the method comprising: providing a first gaseous entry stream and optionally a second gaseous entry stream, both comprising hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and CO2; a sulfur recovery step for recovering sulfur (S) from at least part of the H2S provided with the gaseous entry stream/s) to produce a liquid phase comprising sulfur (S); a CO2 recovery step for recovering at least part of the CO2 provided with the gaseous outlet stream; and an H2 recovery step (10) for recovering at least part of the H2 provided with the gaseous outlet stream.

Abstract: An air purifier apparatus, comprising: a housing comprising an air intake opening to an external environment outside the housing; a plant pot disposed downstream of the air intake, configured to hold soil, and being perforated so as to enable contact between at least some air outside the plant pot and at least some of the soil inside the plant pot; an air purification filter disposed downstream of the plant pot; a fan disposed downstream of the air purification filter; an air outlet disposed downstream of the fan and located in a first compartment of the housing; a dehumidifier disposed in a second compartment of the housing separate from the first compartment and configured to extract water from air interacting with the dehumidifier, the second compartment having an air exchange perforation opening to the external environment; a watering system, configured to circulate water located inside the housing to the plant pot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of carbon-13 isotope (13C) enrichment, the method comprising: (i) applying a voltage to a cathode located in a cathode chamber of an electrochemical cell; (ii) flowing a feed stream comprising CO2 to the cathode chamber, wherein the feed stream contacts the cathode causing reduction of CO2 to form one or more products; and (iii) unreacted CO2 leaving the cathode chamber, the unreacted CO2 being enriched in 13C as compared to the CO2 in the feed stream, wherein n(13CO2)/(n(13CO2)+n(12CO2)) in the unreacted CO2 is higher than n(13CO2)/(n(13CO2)+n(12CO2)) in the feed stream, n representing molar amount; wherein the voltage is about 1.5 V to about 5.5 V, and flow rate of the feed stream is selected to provide a residence time of about 0.1 seconds to about 5 seconds in the cathode chamber.

Abstract: A membrane filter system, in particular for reverse osmosis, includes a storage tank, a ring line for connecting consumers, and at least one stage that includes a membrane module connected to a concentrate line for delivering a concentrate volume flow and a permeate line for delivering a permeate volume flow, a feed line to the membrane module, at least one booster pump for pumping liquid into the membrane module, and at least one circulation pump for returning concentrate from the membrane module to the feed line. At least two sensors measure process variables. A respective sensor is connected to at least one control and regulation unit on a signal input side. The at least one control and regulation unit regulates the pumps based on the sensor signals of the at least two sensors.

Abstract: A membrane separation method where a reverse osmosis method can be applied as a method for separating or concentrating a to-be-treated liquid having a high osmotic pressure or as a water recovery method. The membrane separation method for a to-be-treated liquid having an osmotic pressure includes a first step of separating the to-be-treated liquid into a first permeate and a first retentate by a reverse osmosis method using a loose RO membrane (50). The to-be-treated liquid satisfies ?Cb?>?Pmax when an osmotic pressure of a to-be-treated liquid side membrane surface concentration Cb? is represented by ?Cb? and a maximum operating pressure difference is represented by ?Pmax, or has an osmotic pressure of 5 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less. The loose RO membrane (50) is a membrane through which at least a part of a solute contained in the to-be-treated liquid passes together with a solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recovery and purification of a neutral or sialylated human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) from a fermentation broth, comprising the steps of separating the fermentation broth to form a separated HMO-containing stream and a biomass waste stream, purifying the HMO-containing stream by ultrafiltration using an ultrafiltration membrane having a MWCO of 500 Da to 5 kDa, purifying the HMO-containing stream by nanofiltration, concentrating the purified HMO-containing stream, and drying the purified HMO-containing stream to obtain a solidified neutral or sialylated HMO. Moreover, the invention also concerns a neutral or sialylated human milk oligosaccharide obtained by the inventive method, as well as its use in food, feed, and medical application.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane filter for purifying liquids with improved separation properties, comprising a cylindrical housing, first inflow or outflow spaces and second inflow or outflow spaces, each of which surrounds a first and a second end region of the cylindrical housing, the cylindrical housing being embodied in at least one end region such that improved flow of a liquid against the hollow fiber membranes in the interior of the cylindrical housing can take place.

Abstract: A crossflow filter device for filtering a pressurised feed liquid is provided. The crossflow filter device comprises: a filter membrane; a flow channel for the pressurised feed liquid which extends in a path over a retentate surface of the membrane such that the direction of flow in the channel is tangential to the retentate surface, and a filtrate derived from the feed liquid passes through the membrane leaving retentate liquid in the flow channel; and a collection chamber for the filtrate formed on an opposite, filtrate surface of the membrane. The crossflow filter device further comprises a sealed housing having a retentate side and a filtrate side which enclose therebetween the flow channel, the filter membrane and the collection chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a membrane separation process comprising a pressurized feed of solution that is combined with a repressurized, internal circulation of a concentrated solution. This combined flow of feed solution and concentrated solution may be introduced to either end of pressurized vessels containing membranes and this direction of flow is periodically reversed.

Abstract: A venting unit for venting a machinery space includes a support element including a front side and a rear side that are related to an axial direction, and one or more mounting elements and a sealing element for being mounted with the rear side in a substantially fluid tight manner to an opening of the machinery space, the support element further including a fluid permeable passageway for venting, and the sealing element being arranged surrounding the fluid permeable passageway, The venting unit further includes a semi-permeable membrane covering the fluid permeable passageway and being arranged at the support element in a fluid tight manner, and a filter element being arranged at the support element, within the fluid permeable passageway, and between the semi-permeable membrane and the machinery space. The filter element includes an open-celled foam-like medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite material which is suitable both for mechanical filtration and for chemical/selective binding/rejection/exclusion of substances from solutions. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of the composite material as a filtration membrane. The present invention is thus also directed to a filtration membrane comprising a composite material according to the invention, such as the use of the filtration membrane for the purification of liquids and/or for the separation of substances from liquids and/or for the removal of bacteria or viruses from liquids.

Abstract: A thin film composite nanofiltration (TFC-NF) membrane is produced by forming a dispersion of aramid nanofibers (ANFs) in a water miscible polar organic solvent that is formed into a thin film that is contacted with an aqueous solution of a di- and/or poly-amine. This amine absorbed film has a solution of one or more di-, tri, and/or poly acid chlorides in a water immiscible polar organic solvent poured onto the supported film. Upon removal of residual solutions, optionally the film can be activated, and upon drying the TFC-NF membrane is isolated. The TFC-NF membrane produced by this process is superior in permeability and selectivity for use in water purification by nanofiltration.

Abstract: A zeolite membrane complex includes a porous support and a zeolite membrane made of an LTA-type zeolite and formed on the support. The zeolite membrane has a Si/Al molar ratio of higher than or equal to 1.74 and lower than or equal to 2.80, or the zeolite membrane has a Si/Al molar ratio of higher than or equal to 1.2 and, in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray irradiation of the surface of the zeolite membrane, at least either a peak intensity around 2?=24.0° or a peak intensity around 2?=30.0° is 0.85 times or more a peak intensity around 2?=7.2°.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a separation membrane with excellent fouling resistance which, by coating the surface of a support with a polymer solution including a hydrophobic polymer, a hydrophilic polymer, and a sulfonated polymer, has excellent fouling resistance and flow rate and no deterioration in exclusion rate performance; and a method for manufacturing same.

Abstract: An anion exchange membrane is made by mixing 2 trifluoroMethyl Ketone [nominal] (1.12 g, 4.53 mmol), 1 BiPhenyl (0.70 g, 4.53 mmol), methylene chloride (3.0 mL), trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFSA) (3.0 mL) to produce a pre-polymer. The pre-polymer is then functionalized to produce an anion exchange polymer. The pre-polymer may be functionalized with trimethylamamine in solution with water. The pre-polymer may be imbibed into a porous scaffold material, such as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene to produce a composite anion exchange membrane.

Abstract: A hydraulic recirculation device under pressure for any mixture, be it heated or not, such as those which, for any reason, have at least one solute constituent and at least one solvent, including water, and should go through a solubilization process for said solute constituent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microbubble generating nozzle comprising a main body with a first water inlet in the upper portion thereof and a second controlled flow air inlet in a lateral recess of the lateral wall of the main body of the nozzle, as well as a gauge that is coupled to the lower portion of said main body and that forms a separation into which ducts open through which air and water circulate through the inside of the nozzle, the air comes into contact with the water and microbubbles are formed that subsequently are dispersed throughout the inside of a water tank at a water treatment facility.

Abstract: This foam-generating device is easily transportable, free from fluid or power supply constraints, and able to supply a foam such as viscous foam with a high (low liquid fraction), time-invariant (low liquid fraction). The gas is withdrawn compressed from a cylinder, and a fixed fraction of its flow is used to drive a pneumatic pump which draws in the foaming liquid. The foam is formed in a mixer containing free-moving solids shortly before the ejection end of the device. The mixer has highly mobile balls in a cage of much larger dimensions; it is suitable for producing foam with a high overrun. Application: decontamination and depollution of large surfaces, buildings or indoor or outdoor structures.

Abstract: A mixing tank arrangement, comprising a tank (102) having at least one feed opening (104, 106) for feeding a first and a second material into the tank. The mixing tank arrangement further comprises a recirculation system having a first inlet (110) and a first outlet (112) for recirculating and mixing the first and the second material in the tank. The first inlet (110) comprises a body pipe (116) in a first side (FS) of the tank having a plurality of feeding pipes (118) extending to a second side (SS) of the lank wherein the feeding pipes are configured to jet the first and second materials from the second side to the first side of the tank such that the first and the second material hit a wall of the tank in the first side and wherein a shape of the wall is configured to divide the first and the second materials to at least two streams that flow to the second side of the tank and collide.

Abstract: In one aspect, a system for dispersing particles in a fluid of a fluid container includes one or more permanent magnets, one or more electric coils, and/or one or more electrodes. The one or more permanent magnets, one or more electric coils, and/or one or more electrodes are configured to disperse the particles in the fluid of the fluid container.

Abstract: Provided are a method for evaluating a kneading state in which a change in physical properties of a kneading material can be grasped in an internal mixer including tangential rotors, a kneader, and a kneading adjustment method capable of obtaining desired kneading characteristics. The method for evaluating a kneading state is an evaluation method in an internal mixer 1 including a pair of tangential rotors connected by a pair of gears and rotated at different speeds by driving of an electric motor, in which the gears have the numbers of teeth of different integers that are not prime to each other, and spectrum analysis is performed on the basis of a kneading parameter detected at the time of kneading by sensors 10 and 11 included in the internal mixer 1 to evaluate a change in a predetermined frequency component.

Abstract: A method of for mixing gases is described. The gases may include a first and a second gas wherein a gas mixing system accepts the gases and operates in a plurality of modes of operation to produce a discharge gas including a mixture thereof, and the second gas may be supplied without the first gas, and the first gas may be supplied without the second gas. The gas mixing system may be integrated with a gas processing system to produce a biogas-related product. The gas mixing system may be a compressor, a jet compressor, an ejector, an eductor, venturi jet pump, eductor-jet pump, and/or a thermocompressor, that uses a first stream of high-pressure gas to entrain a relatively lower pressure second gas, mixes the two, and discharges a third gas mixture that is of a sufficiently elevated pressure to be supplied to other areas of a production facility.

Abstract: Even when the flow rate at which liquid is supplied varies, the variation in the resistivity of resistivity-adjusted liquid is suppressed by using a simple structure. The hollow fiber membrane module is sectioned into a liquid-phase region and a gas-phase region by hollow fiber membranes. The liquid-phase region receives liquid L whose resistivity is to be adjusted. The gas-phase region receives adjustment gas G used to adjust a resistivity of the liquid L. The module passage pipe communicates with the liquid-phase region of the hollow fiber membrane module, the liquid supply pipe, and the liquid discharge pipe and passes through the hollow fiber membrane module. The bypass pipe communicates with the liquid supply pipe and the liquid discharge pipe and bypasses the hollow fiber membrane module. The bypass pipe includes a laminarization unit including a plurality of thin tubes thinner than the module passage pipe.

Abstract: Provided is a sparger including: a main body including a plurality of holes, a protruding pipe extending upward along an outer circumferential surface of the plurality of holes, and a side pipe extending from a side surface of the protruding pipe.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) for the pyrolytic decomposition of a hydrocarbon fuel into a plurality of products including a reaction chamber (102) and an electrically conducting coil (104) surrounding the reaction chamber (102). The reaction chamber (102) has an inlet, for supplying hydrocarbon fuel into the reaction chamber (102) and an outlet for the products of the pyrolytic decomposition, and the electrically conducting coil (104) surrounds the reaction chamber (102) between the inlet and the outlet. The electrically conducting coil (102) receives an alternating current and heats the reaction chamber (102) by induction.

Abstract: A gas manufacturing apparatus and a gas manufacturing system capable of continuously and stably manufacturing a produced gas containing carbon monoxide from a raw material gas containing carbon dioxide are provided. A gas manufacturing apparatus 1 is an apparatus that manufactures a produced gas containing carbon monoxide by bringing a raw material gas containing carbon dioxide into contact with a reducing agent containing a metal oxide that reduces carbon dioxide. The gas manufacturing apparatus includes a reaction section 4 that includes a plurality of reactors 4a and 4b and a reducing agent arranged in the reactors 4a and 4b, and that is capable of switching between the raw material gas and the reducing gas to be supplied to each of the reactors 4a and 4b, and a reducing agent heating section 12 that adjusts the temperature of the reducing agent when the raw material gas or the reducing gas is brought into contact with the reducing agent.

Abstract: Provided is a bubble column reactor including a down chamber provided at a lower portion of the bubble column reactor, a reaction zone provided at an upper portion of the down chamber, a dispersion plate provided between the down chamber and the reaction zone, and a gas supply pipe connected to the down chamber to supply a gaseous reactant, wherein the gas supply pipe includes a spray part extending into the down chamber, wherein the spray part includes a plurality of spray nozzles configured to spray the gaseous reactant to a lower side of the down chamber.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a microcapsule, comprising a crosslinked polymeric shell surrounding a core, the core comprises a second polymer which is non-polymerizable. The dispersion is useful in aqueous pigment containing inkjet inks or pre-treatment liquids for inkjet printing on low-absorbing or non-absorbing substrates.

Abstract: Various aspects disclosed relate to forming a coating on an electrode of an oligonucleotide syntheses apparatus. The coating can include a polyaniline-containing material. The coating can be formed by applying a voltage to the electrode under specified conditions in the presence of a solution including an amount of acid content and an amount of aniline monomer units.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing ammonia using electric discharge of water according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plasma decomposition reaction part configured to produce hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) from water by supplying the water to plasma generated by using nitrogen gas (N2) as electric discharge gas and produce nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) by allowing oxygen (O2) to react with nitrogen (N2), a thermal decomposition reaction part connected to a lower side of the plasma decomposition reaction part and configured to produce solid carbon and hydrogen (H2) by decomposing water and hydrocarbon by further supplying hydrocarbon or hydrogen to an additional supply port, and a synthetic catalyst part connected to the thermal decomposition reaction part and configured to produce ammonia (NH3) by synthesizing hydrogen (H2) and nitrogen monoxide (NO) separated from water.

Abstract: An apparatus for depolymerizing a hydrocarbon-based material according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a supply unit configured to supply a liquid hydrocarbon, a plasma generation unit configured to generate plasma for supplying thermal energy to the hydrocarbon in the supply unit, a reaction unit provided between the supply unit and the plasma generation unit and configured to convert the liquid hydrocarbon, and a separation unit connected to the reaction unit and configured to separate an unreacted hydrocarbon, a liquid product, and a gaseous product of an aromatic compound that is created by conversion in the reaction unit and introduced.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor and method in which plasma is used to activate difficult-to-activate molecules and the catalyst so that chemical conversion of the activated molecules can occur at reduced temperature and pressure conditions to carry out chemical reactions that ordinarily occur at high temperature and high pressure conditions or otherwise do not occur at all.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide adsorbent that can collect carbon dioxide generated during a natural gas reforming process at a high concentration and has an excellent adsorption working capacity, a manufacturing method of the same, and a device and process using the same. The carbon dioxide adsorbent according to various examples of the present invention is characterized by including X-type or Y-type zeolite in which at least a part of alkali metal cations or alkali earth metal cations is replaced with H+ ions.

Abstract: A GIS-type zeolite, having a silica/alumina ratio of 0.87 or more, in which, when a full width at half maximum of a peak derived from Al in a framework of the zeolite, observed in a 27Al-MAS-NMR spectrum, is defined as A, A 5.6 ppm is satisfied.

Abstract: A chromatographic material of carbon microspheres is disclosed. The carbon microspheres may be surface-derivatized with an organic functional group, such as functional groups suitable for use in chromatographic process, such as C1 to C18 alkyl, including butyl (C4), octyl (C8), and octadecyl (C18), phenyl, amino, cyano, etc. The carbon microspheres may consist of nonporous carbon. The carbon microspheres may consist of porous carbon having a surface area in the range of 1 m2/g to 400 m2/g. A method of making carbon microspheres from a carbonizable polymeric material is disclosed. A method of bonding an organic functional group to a surface of the carbon microspheres is disclosed. HPLC columns may be prepared containing the chromatographic material of carbon microspheres. Such columns may be used to separate a compound of interest from a mixture of different compounds using a chromatographic process, such as HPLC.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a carbon dioxide adsorbent is provided. The carbon dioxide adsorbent is capable of adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide and includes one or more cyclic disulfide structures.