Abstract: Described herein are manufacturing techniques for achieving stress isolation in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices that involve isolation trenches formed from the backside of the substrate. The techniques described herein involve etching a trench in the bottom side of the substrate subsequent to forming a MEMS platform, and processing the MEMS platform to form a MEMS device on the top side of the substrate subsequent to etching the trench.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to system for conserving heat during the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation process by using a multi-component system.

Abstract: Processes and systems that utilize methane pyrolysis for carbon capture from a petrochemical stream that contains hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be the tail gas of a hydrocarbon cracking system, or any other petrochemical stream containing hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be separated into a hydrogen product stream and a methane product stream, before sending the methane product stream to a methane pyrolysis unit. The methane pyrolysis unit converts methane to solid carbon and hydrogen.

Abstract: An experimental simulation device for hydrogen production by in-situ conversion of a gas reservoir comprises a gas source, a plurality of groups of reactors and an analysis monitoring device, wherein the gas source comprises a methane tank, a helium tank, an oxygen tank and a water vapor generator, the gas source can supply gas to the reactors separately, the in-situ hydrogen production is simulated in the reactors; and meanwhile, a use method of the experimental simulation device for hydrogen production by in-situ conversion of the gas reservoir can achieve accurate simulation of the multi-stage in-situ hydrogen production and multi-well group cooperative hydrogen production processes of different types of gas reservoirs in actual production by adjusting connection states of the plurality of groups of reactors. The experimental result in the present invention can be closer to the actual production.

Abstract: A system includes a particle receiver, a heat exchanger, an electric generator, and a reactor. The particle receiver is configured to receive solar energy and transfer the solar energy to a heat transfer fluid. The heat exchanger is configured to transfer heat from the heat transfer fluid to a working fluid. The electric generator is configured to generate electrical power as the working fluid expands through the electric generator. The reactor includes a first compartment, a second compartment, and a heat transfer barrier. The heat transfer barrier is configured to transfer heat from the heat transfer fluid in the first compartment to the reaction feed stream in the second compartment, thereby maintaining an operating temperature of the reaction feed stream to at least a specified reaction temperature and converting at least one reactant in the reactant feed stream into at least one specified product.

Abstract: A system and method for producing hydrogen, including providing hydrocarbon and steam into a vessel to a region external to a tubular membrane in the vessel. The method includes steam reforming the hydrocarbon in the vessel via reforming catalyst to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The method includes diffusing the hydrogen through the tubular membrane into a bore of the tubular membrane, wherein the tubular membrane is hydrogen selective.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing synthesis gas with minimized emissions of ammonia. The process includes converting hydrocarbon containing feed stream in reformer tubes (104A-N) and discharging a crude synthesis gas stream and a flue gas stream, routing the flue gas stream through a catalyst unit (112), cooling the crude synthesis gas stream to form an aqueous condensate stream comprising ammonia, tripping the aqueous condensate stream comprising ammonia with a stripping gas stream, routing out a condensate stream depleted in ammonia and a stripping gas stream enriched in ammonia, introducing the stripping gas stream enriched in ammonia into a flue gas duct (110), where both the at least a portion of the flue gas stream and the at least a portion of the stripping gas stream enriched in ammonia pass through a first catalyst zone (114) and subsequently through a second catalyst zone (116) of the catalyst unit (112).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing hydrogen, having a steam methane reforming step for producing synthesis gas, in which heat for the endothermic reaction is at least partially provided by converting electrical energy into heat. The synthesis gas is subject to a water-gas shift step and the shift product is separated into a hydrogen product and a tail gas. The latter is subject to a tail gas separation step, producing a hydrogen rich stream, a carbon dioxide product, and an off-gas stream rich in carbon monoxide and methane. The hydrogen rich stream is recycled to the shifted synthesis gas. According to the invention, off-gas obtained in the tail gas separation step is recycled to the hydrocarbon containing feedstock stream, so that a combined stream of hydrocarbon containing feedstock, off-gas and steam is supplied to the steam methane reforming step.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing hydrogen, having a steam methane reforming step for producing synthesis gas, in which heat for the endothermic reaction is at least partially provided by converting electrical energy into heat. The synthesis gas is subject to a water-gas shift step and the shift product is subject to a chemical scrubbing step, to afford a carbon dioxide product stream and a hydrogen raw product stream. The hydrogen raw product stream is further purified by means of a hydrogen production step, which affords pure hydrogen and an off-gas stream. The off-gas stream, rich in carbon monoxide and methane, is recycled to the hydrocarbon containing feedstock stream, so that a combined stream of hydrocarbon containing feedstock, off-gas and steam is supplied to the steam methane reforming (SMR) step.

Abstract: A process of separating phosgene and hydrogen chloride, comprises: conveying a mixed stream containing hydrogen chloride and phosgene into a distillation column; withdrawing from the distillation column a bottom stream containing phosgene; withdrawing a top stream containing hydrogen chloride; compressing at least a portion of the top stream and at least partially condensing the compressed top stream to form a liquid stream, decompressing at least a portion of the liquid stream to form a cooled liquid stream and a cooled gas stream; and recycling the cooled liquid stream to the top of the distillation column as a reflux; the process additionally comprising temporarily introducing an absorbing solvent into the distillation column, in particular during starting-up and/or shutting-down of the process. The process allows for safe operation even when hydrogen chloride production only gradually begins or decreases, without the necessity of storing hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: The present application discloses an artificial graphite, a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. A method for preparing an artificial graphite of an embodiment of the present application comprises the following step: subjecting a graphite raw material to a heat treatment to obtain the artificial graphite, wherein an environmental atmosphere for the heat treatment is at least one gas of air and carbon dioxide or a mixed gas of at least one gas of air and carbon dioxide and a chemically inert gas; and during the heat treatment, the graphite raw material is in a static state. The method realizes at least modifying a surface of the graphite raw material by controlling the heat treatment conditions for the graphite raw material, such that the prepared artificial graphite has an appropriately low compaction rebound capacity, a high and stable compacted density, and a good cycling performance.

Abstract: The problem to be overcome by the present disclosure is to provide a graphite sheet with the ability to lower the contact thermal resistance at the surface of the graphite sheet. In a graphite sheet, a plurality of graphite layers are stacked one on top of another in a thickness direction. The plurality of graphite layers includes: a first graphite layer that forms an outermost layer of the graphite sheet; and a second graphite layer other than the first graphite layer. At least a part of the second graphite layer is exposed through a surface of the first graphite layer. The graphite sheet has an apparent shear strength equal to or greater than 0.1 MPa and equal to or less than 0.5 MPa as measured by SAICAS method from a depth of 0.5 m to a depth of 19 m.

Abstract: Molecular sieves, designated as EMM-74, characterized by a unique powder XRD pattern, methods of making the same, and uses thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides doped ceria-based materials exhibiting electrostriction properties and methods of preparation thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing high performance carbon coated LiFePO4 powders for making the battery grade cathode for lithium ion battery, comprising the steps of: a) mixing of Li2CO3, FeC2O4, and NH4H2PO4 precursors with different concentrations (3-10%) of citric acid in a stoichiometric ratio of 1.05:1:1; b) adding 2 to 5% stearic acid; c) milling in a attrition milling unit maintained with the ball to powder ratio of 10:1-12:1 at 250-550 rpm for 2-12 hrs; d) repeating the process of milling by increasing and decreasing the speed for a period of 2 to 24 hrs; e) discharging the milled powders on completion of milling; f) pelletizing them; g) annealing of them under argon atmosphere in large scale furnace at a temperature of 650-700° C. with a heating rate of 2-5° C./min for 2-10 hrs; and h) grinding the annealed pellets to a fine powder.

Abstract: A method for producing crystalline ?-Fe2O3 nanoparticles involving ultrasonic treatment of a solution of an iron (III)-containing precursor and an extract from the seeds of a plant in the family Linaceae. The method involves preparing an aqueous extract from the seeds of a plant in the family Linacae and dropwise addition of the extract to the solution of an iron (III)-containing precursor. The method yields crystalline nanoparticles of ?-Fe2O3 having a spherical morphology with a diameter of 100 nm to 300 nm, a mean surface area of 240 to 250 m2/g, and a type-II nitrogen adsorption-desorption BET isotherm with a H3hysteresis loop. A method for the photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants using the nanoparticles is disclosed. An antibacterial composition containing the crystalline ?-Fe2O3 nanoparticles is also disclosed.

Abstract: Positive electrode active material for solid-state batteries, comprising Li, M?, and oxygen, wherein M? comprises: Ni in a content x between 70.0 mol % and 95.0 mol %, Co in a content y between 0.0 mol % and 40.0 mol %, Mn in a content z between 0.0 mol % and 40.0 mol %, dopants in a content a between 0.0 mol % and 2.0 mol %, Zr in a content b between 0.1 mol % and 5.0 mol %, wherein x+y+z+a+b is 100.0 mol %, wherein Zr A = b ( x + y + z + b ) , wherein the positive electrode active material has a Zr content ZrB is expressed as molar fraction compared to the sum of molar fractions of Co, Mn, Ni, and Zr all as measured by XPS analysis, wherein ZrB/ZrA>50.0, the positive electrode active material comprising secondary particles having a plurality of primary particles, said primary particles having an average diameter of at least 250 nm.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery involves reacting at least 95 mass % of a lithium compound through a heat treatment step using a rotary firing furnace and having a batch firing process for heating a precursor while rolling the same in a heating region in a furnace tube, wherein the batch firing process has: a tilted input stage for tilting the furnace tube and inputting the precursor from an inlet of the firing furnace; a horizontal firing stage for performing firing while making the furnace tube horizontal; and a tilted discharge stage for tilting the furnace tube and discharging a fired powder from an outlet of the firing furnace.

Abstract: A manufacturing method disclosed herein includes a preparation step of preparing nickel hydroxide as a Ni source, the nickel hydroxide having a BET specific surface area of 10 m2/g or more and 30 m2/g or less and a D50 particle diameter of 2 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less; and a reaction step of mixing and sintering at least the nickel hydroxide and a Li source to obtain a Ni-containing lithium complex oxide by a solid-phase reaction method.

Abstract: A water recycle system may be implemented to analyze and selectively recycle wastewater generated by an industrial textile washer. In some examples, wastewater generated by the industrial textile washer undergoes various treatment processes, such as chemical treatments (e.g., addition of flocculants, chelating agents) and/or physical separation treatments (e.g., processing in a dissolved air floatation system to remove particulates). This can generate a clarified wastewater. One or more sensors can be positioned to measure characteristics of the clarified wastewater, such as the color of the clarified wastewater and corresponding tendency to stain textile articles if recycled to the washer. Based on measurements from the one or more sensors, the clarified wastewater can be recycled for reuse in the textile washer or, alternatively, discarded.

Abstract: Produced water is pre-treated to remove oil and solids. After pre-treatment, the produced water is distilled to produce a brine and a distillate. The distillate is processed to reduce a concentration of ammonia and a concentration of volatile organics present in the distillate. The treated water can, for example, be used as irrigation and agricultural water, aquifer replenishment, industrial use, freshwater for supporting oil and gas operations, or any combinations of these.

Abstract: A high-efficiency solar multi-layer evaporative seawater desalination device includes a transparent housing. In the device, wedge-shaped recesses are formed on an outer wall of the transparent housing; during seawater desalination, seawater is injected into evaporation trays and sunlight is irradiated on the evaporation trays through the transparent housing; the transparent housing is made of a transparent plastic material, such that sunlight can directly enter the transparent housing and increase a temperature therein to speed up the evaporation; the wedge-shaped recesses are on a shady surface; during desalination, seawater in the evaporation trays absorbs heat and evaporates to form water vapor, such that there is a given temperature difference between the water vapor and the outside; and a lower part of the wedge-shaped recess can serve as a condensation surface, the water vapor condenses on the transparent housing or at the wedge-shaped recess.

Abstract: The invention relates to hydrometallurgy of rare metals, in particular, to lithium sorption recovery from natural brines and wastewaters. The method comprises introducing a feed lithium-containing brine to a sorption-desorption concentrating module in a form of a vertical column filled with an inorganic sorbent being a chlorine-containing lithium aluminum double hydroxide. After sorption. the lithium saturated sorbent is washed with 27% ammonium chloride solution in the amount of 80-150% of the sorbent volume in the column and flowing through the column in the direction reverse to the direction of the feed brine flow. Then lithium desorption from the sorbent is performed with desalinated water to obtain a lithium enriched solution containing ammonium chloride impurities, which is then evaporated followed by ammonium chloride sublimation from the dry mixture. The effect of the invention is the reduced lithium losses with the washing solution and increased purity of the target product (LiCl concentrate).

Abstract: A specially functionalized composite filter material with a high specific surface area is used to adsorb PFAs from potable water. In a preferred embodiment, the base filter material is granular activated carbon (GAC), which is sequentially coated with a thin layer of polydopamine, a thin layer of partially oxidized iron, and a thin coating of octadecylamine. After PFAs are adsorbed onto the coated GAC particles, the PFAs are removed by a rinsing process, and remain in the rinse effluent. GAC particles are recovered and recoated as needed to restore their adsorptive capacity. The PFA-containing effluent is treated using photochemical processes to destroy the PFA molecules. The now PFA-free effluent can be disposed of as a non-hazardous material. The composite filter material works in systems ranging from small passive systems for personal use to large scale, high-flow-rate utility water treatment systems.

Abstract: An oil-water mixture treatment device has a laminar separator and an electric field separator. The laminar separator has a coalescing tube with coalescing filler provided therein, a separating tube arranged above the coalescing tube, and a discharging tube arranged above the separating tube. The coalescing tube is connected to said separating tube by a first connecting tube group and the separating tube is connected to the discharging tube by a second connecting tube group. The oil-water mixture to be treated enters, after being treated in the coalescing tube, the separating tube through the first connecting tube group for laminar separation. The resulting oil phase enters the discharging tube through the second connecting tube group and then is discharged through an oil discharge pipeline, while the resulting water phase enters the electric field separator from a lower portion of the separating tube for a next stage of separation.

Abstract: Electrochemical conversion of a species into a carbonate-containing compound, or other compounds, from seawater or other aqueous environments is generally described.

Abstract: Redox copolymers for electrochemically-assisted electrosorption and release of an organic micropollutant from a contaminated water source are provided. Electrochemical systems including the redox copolymers immobilized to a first electrode such that the first electrode is configured to be tunable in redox activity, hydrophobicity, fluorophilicity, and/or binding affinity, and to be tunable toward a target molecule, are further provided. Methods of and systems for separating and degrading a target molecule in tandem from a fluid are further provided.

Abstract: Provided is a micro-polluted water body ecological treatment method based on aquatic forest system construction. The method comprises the following steps: (1) investigating a pollution source of a micro-polluted water body; (2) estimating an annual pollution load of the micro-polluted water body which needs to be reduced; (3) designing aquatic animals and plants; and (4) constructing the aquatic animals and plants. By using a water body treated by means of the method in the present invention, an aquatic forest can be formed, and the synergistic effect, nutritional relationship, food chain relationship, etc., between organisms can be fully utilized for effective operation, such that not only can the combined benefits of water quality purification and water body resource utilization be achieved, but the organic unity of environmental protection, economic development, and the improvement of people's livelihood can also be realized.

Abstract: A composition for remediation of soil and groundwater containing halogenated compounds. The remediation composition includes an elemental iron-based composition, which may include activated carbon capable of absorbing the halogenated compounds with numerous pores impregnated with elemental iron. The remediation composition further includes a first bioremediation material including a blend of one-to-many organisms capable of degrading the halogenated compounds. The remediation composition includes an organic compound or polymeric substance and a second bioremediation material including a blend of one-to-many organisms capable of degrading the organic compound or polymeric substance over time (e.g., 20 to 365 or more days to provide a time release substrate-creating material or platform) into smaller molecules or compounds used by the organisms in the first bioremediation material while degrading the halogenated compounds.

Abstract: System and method for volume reduction solids treatment for fecal waste are described. The system can include a pasteurizer (102) configured to receive a slurry batch and heat the slurry batch at an elevated temperature for a time period to produce a pathogen free slurry. The system can also include a mechanical dewatering press (104) configured to compress the pathogen free slurry to separate a liquid phase from a volume reduced solid waste. The volume reduced solid waste being formed into a feces cake. The system can also include a means to remove the liquid phase and a drying tunnel (106) comprising a conveyor housed and an air duct system. The air duct system configured to propel forced air over the feces cake.

Abstract: System and method for buffer tank separation and homogenization are described. The system can include a belt separator (104), a liquids collection tank (106), a solids collection tank (108), and a homogenizer (110). The belt separator comprising a perforated belt looped between two rollers, the belt separator positioned to receive an input comprising at least one of: solids and liquids, the input received via the at least one inlet onto the belt of the belt separator, the belt separator configured to deliver a solids portion of the input to the solids collection tanks and to deliver the liquids portion of the input to the liquids collection tank; and a homogenizer connected to the solids outlet, the homogenizer configured to receive a collected solids portion output and form a uniform and homogenized slurry.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment system and method for treating effluent and/or sludge from a manufacturing process of cellulosic pulp or a fibrous cellulosic web, such as paper or board. The effluent and/or sludge is in form of a suspension comprising solid material and/or particles suspended in an aqueous liquid phase. The treatment system comprises a water-soluble cationized polysaccharide component comprising cationized cellulose having a charge density of at least 1.5 meq/g dry, measured at pH 4, and a synthetic cationic copolymer of (meth)acrylamide and at least one cationic monomer, the copolymer having a charge density of at most 5 meq/g.

Abstract: A method of producing glass includes discharging an outflow (22, 1022) of fined molten glass from a fining tank (18, 1018) of a vacuum induction fining apparatus (10, 1010) and delivering the fined molten glass into a thermal conditioning tank (16, 1016) that is separated from the fining tank by an open space (26, 1026) occupied by an ambient environment (24, 1024). The fining tank includes a vertically-elongated housing (80, 1080) that defines an interior fining chamber (82, 1082) where a bath (76, 1076) of molten glass is collected and maintained. The interior fining chamber is maintained at subatmospheric pressure and the housing is surrounded by at least one induction coil (74, 1074) to introduce heat into the molten glass bath. The vacuum maintained in the interior fining chamber and the heating supplied by the induction coil(s) promote the ascension of gas bubbles upwards through the molten glass bath. A glass-producing system that includes the vacuum induction fining apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for conveying molten glass includes an electrical flange attached to a metallic vessel and an electrical flange support apparatus coupled to an electrode portion of the electrical flange and configured to prevent distortion of the metallic vessel and misalignment between the metallic vessel and an adjacent metallic vessel. A bracing assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a roto-linear mechanism for a glassware forming machine adapted to be connected to a funnel-holding arm, a shutter arm, an arm for a blowing head or a similar mechanism, to simultaneously perform an axial and radial movement to each of such arms from a first position to form glass articles to a second position outside the forming process thereof.

Abstract: A method for depositing SiO2 soot particles on a deposition surface using at least two mutually spaced and adjacent build-up burners, and a corresponding device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A method for economically mass-producing thin plate-shaped microchannel plate, includes: coating the surface of one or more strands of microfiber with a predetermined diameter with a polysilazane or polysiloxane binder; winding one or more strands of binder-coated microfiber onto a bobbin to form a microfiber bundle; curing the binder while the shape of the microfiber bundle is fixed; and slicing the binder-cured microfiber bundle to manufacture the plate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing glass long fiber using recovered glass fiber, capable of manufacturing glass long fiber in which a recycle rate is increased, increase of a liquid phase temperature of molten glass and narrowing of an operating temperature range of the molten glass are suppressed, and a spinning temperature is low. The method includes a glass melting step of melting a glass raw material containing glass fiber recovered from a glass fiber-reinforced resin molded product, and a glass fiber mineral material to obtain molten glass; and a spinning step of spinning the molten glass to obtain glass long fiber, and a content of the recovered glass fiber in the glass raw material is in the range of 11 to 75% by mass, and differences in the contents of SiO2, Al2O3, B2O3, and CaO between the glass fiber mineral material and the recovered glass fiber satisfy a prescribed relationship.

Abstract: An alkali-free glass having a strain point of 650° C. or more, an average coefficient of thermal expansion at 50 to 350° C. of from 30×10?7 to 45×10?7/° C., and a temperature T2 at which a glass viscosity reaches 102 dPa·s of from 1,500 to 1,800° C. The alkali-free glass contains, as represented by mol % based on oxides, SiO2: from 62 to 70%, Al2O3: from 9 to 16% B2O3: from 0 to 12%, MgO: from 3 to 10%, CaO: from 4 to 12%, SrO: from 0 to 6%, and Fe2O3: from 0.001 to 0.04%, provided that MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO is from 12 to 25%. The alkali-free glass has a ?-OH value of from 0.35 to 0.85/mm.

Abstract: A glass composition, a glass article prepared therefrom, and a display device are provided. The a glass article includes, as a glass composition, 62 to 72 mol % of SiO2, greater than 0 and equal to or less than 10 mol % of Al2O3, 10 to 20 mol % of Na2O, greater than 0 and equal to or less than 5 mol % of K2O, 7 to 18 mol % of a sum of CaO and MgO with respect to a total weight of the glass article, satisfying Relation 1 below, and having a thickness of 100 ?m or less: 0.1?Al2O3/(sum of Na2O and K2O)?0.6 . . . (Relation 1), where Al2O3, Na2O and K2O are contents of corresponding components measured in mole percents (mol %).

Abstract: Provided is a glass substrate that can suppress solarization, and can also suppress deterioration of a resin caused by intense ultraviolet light even when the glass substrate is thinned. A glass substrate for space solar power generation of the present invention has a sheet thickness of 0.2 mm or less and has a content of TiO2 of from 0.001 mass % to 10 mass % in a glass composition.

Abstract: Glass compositions suitable for fiber forming having rare earth oxides (RE2O3) and glass fibers having a high modulus are disclosed. The glass composition may include SiO2 from about 44.5 to about 64 weight percent, Al2O3 from about 12 to about 32 weight percent, CaO from about 0.1 to about 15.5 weight percent, MgO from about 5 to about 22 weight percent, Fe2O3 less than 1 weight percent, TiO2 less than 2 weight percent, Na2O less than 3 weight percent, Y2O3 up to 12 weight percent, CeO2 up to 6 weight percent, ZnO up to 4 weight percent, and B2O3 less than 4.5 weight percent. The glass compositions can be used to form glass fibers and incorporated into various composites.

Abstract: The invention is in the field of vitreous enamel coatings, more particularly vitreous enamel coatings for steels. The invention provides a process for obtaining adhering light-coloured coatings in a single layer system, hereinafter referred to as “Pyro Light” coatings, that can be applied to the steel by powder electrostatic spraying.

Abstract: Quartz solid solution glass ceramics and precursors thereof are described, which are characterized by very good mechanical and optical properties and can be used in particular as restorative materials in dentistry.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic containing: glass containing Si, B, Al, and Zn; crystal phases of SiO2, ZnAl2O4, and Al2O3; and an aggregate, wherein, with respect to a weight of the glass-ceramic, a content of the glass is 45% by weight to 80% by weight and, as the aggregate, a content of SiO2 is 20% by weight to 50% by weight, a content of Al2O3 is 20% by weight or less, and a content of ZnO is 10% by weight or less.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic substrate includes a continuous glass phase; a magnetizable component; and an antimicrobial component. The substrate can further include a discontinuous glass phase disposed in the continuous glass phase. The magnetizable component and the antimicrobial component can be disposed in the discontinuous glass phase. The substrate can include 45 percent to 60 percent SiO2; 3 percent to 6 percent P2O5; 3 percent to 10 percent B2O3; 4 percent to 8 percent K2O; 7 percent to 15 percent Fe2O3; and 15 percent to 25 percent CuO. A ratio of the mole percentage of CuO to Fe2O3 in the substrate can be 1.3 to 3.0. The magnetizable component can include one or more of delafossite and magnetite. The antimicrobial component can include one or more of cuprite and metallic copper. The substrate can exhibit a magnetic permeability of greater than or equal to 1.02?R at a frequency of 10,000,000 Hz.

Abstract: A material includes a transparent substrate deposited with a stack of thin layers on at least one of its surface for thermal insulation and aesthetic properties is disclosed. The stack of thin layers successively includes, starting from the substrate not more than two metallic functional layers based on silver F1, F2 and three dielectric coatings M1, M2, M3 including at least one dielectric layer such that each of the metallic functional layer is sandwiched between two dielectric coatings. The material including the stack of thin layers exhibits blue color in external reflection (Rext) and has less than 20% reflection internally and externally. Additionally, the material has a high selectivity while retaining a light transmission in the visible spectrum as less as 40%, and not higher than 50%.

Abstract: A chemically strengthened glass ceramic includes strengthening layers respectively formed on opposite sides, and each of the strengthening layers includes a potassium strengthening layer and a sodium strengthening layer sequentially located from a surface to an inside of the chemically strengthened glass ceramic. A depth of the potassium strengthening layer is 0.01 micrometers (?m) to 5 ?m. A depth of the sodium strengthening layer is greater than or equal to 0.1t, where t is a thickness of the chemically strengthened glass ceramic. An average transmittance of a three-dimensional (3D) chemically strengthened glass ceramic in an optical wavelength range of 400 nanometers (nm) to 700 nm is greater than or equal to 85 percent %; a b value of a Lab color chromaticity indicator is greater than or equal to ?2.0; and a haze is less than or equal to 0.25%.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, a chemically strengthened glass-based article comprises a first major surface and an opposing second major surface defining a thickness t of the glass article, a stress profile ?(x) that extends through a thickness t of the glass article, a first compressive stress layer extending to a first depth DOC1 greater than about 0.15 t, a second compressive stress layer extending from the second major surface to a second depth of compression DOC2 less than or equal to DOC1, and a central tension zone positioned between the first and second compressive stress layers and comprising a peak tension PT and a breadth of tension zone BTZ spanning DOC1 to t-DOC2. In embodiments, the following criteria are met: DOC t ? s ? DOC > 0.2 MPa / ?m , where DOC=DOC1 and s?DOC is the slope of the stress profile ?(x) at DOC; DOC × s ? DOC > 140 ? MPa ; and ? TA PT × BTZ > 0.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides use of a graphene oxide/butyl acrylate/silane composite emulsion as an anti-shrinkage agent of a cement-based material. In the present disclosure, active groups on an isobutyltriethoxysilane molecule reacts with hydroxyl groups on a surface of a mortar to form a layered hydrophobic structure, thereby slowing a water loss in the mortar of the cement-based material and avoiding cracking caused by drying shrinkage. Butyl acrylate can be dehydrated to form polymer fibers with a spatial network to fill pores of a cement paste, thereby limiting the shrinkage of the mortar. Graphene oxide has a relatively large specific surface area and oxygen-containing functional groups on a surface, which can provide growth sites for hydration products, and promote the hydration products to form a regular and dense structure in the form of a template, thus ensuring a strength of the cement-based material.