Abstract: A composite material can include: a substrate of a first reaction-bonded silicon carbide (first RB—SiC) material; and a reaction-bonded diamond-retaining silicon carbide (RB-DSiC) layer bonded to a surface of the substrate. In some aspects, the RB-DSiC layer includes diamond particles bonded with a second reaction-bonded silicon carbide (second RB—SiC) material. The diamond particles may be homogeneously distributed through the second RB—SiC or only at the surface thereof. The diamond particles can be in an ordered pattern or un-ordered pattern. For example, a CMP conditioning disc can include the composite material of one of the embodiments.

Abstract: Coherent dispersible granules are disclosed including at least one metal oxide domain and at least one phosphate domain, wherein the at least one metal oxide domain and the at least one phosphate domain are present in the coherent dispersible granules as distinct domains coherently agglomerated together and the coherent dispersible granules have a coherent dispersible granule crush strength of at least 5 lbf. Methods for forming the coherent dispersible granules are disclosed, including co-agglomerating at least one of ammonium phosphate, superphosphate slurry, or nitrophosphate slurry and the metal oxide particles in a rotary drum ammoniator-granulator or granulator to form coherent dispersible granules, and drying the coherent dispersible granules.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing nutrient solutions having unique isotopic fingerprints; methods of producing traceable plants; and methods of identifying the source of a traceable plant that does not rely on expensive artificially separated isotopes. Plants grown with these nutrient solutions will have unique isotopic fingerprints that will be difficult or impossible to counterfeit.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions containing phosphine-imino-quinoline ligands and transition metal complexes having phosphine-imino-quinoline ligands are disclosed. These catalyst compositions can be used in ethylene oligomerization processes to produce 1-hexene and 1-octene.

Abstract: A process for producing a C2-C4 olefin product from an ethane-containing hydrocarbon feed can be carried out using a steam cracker operated with an elevated coil-outlet pressure, thereby reducing the number of stages of compression required for recovering products from the steam cracker effluent. Coke can be effectively managed in the processes of this disclosure.

Abstract: An ethylene recycle method may include: obtaining an overheads stream comprising ethylene in a first gaseous state from an ethylene purification column; heating the overheads stream in a first heat exchanger to produce a heated overheads stream comprising the ethylene in a second gaseous state; compressing the heated overheads stream to yield a compressed ethylene stream comprising the ethylene in a first supercritical state; cooling the compressed ethylene stream to produce a cooled, compressed ethylene stream comprising the ethylene in a first liquid state, wherein the cooling comprises passing the compressed ethylene through the first heat exchanger; reducing the pressure of the cooled, compressed ethylene stream to produce a first recycle stream comprising the ethylene in a second liquid state and optionally a third gaseous state; and introducing the first recycle stream into the ethylene purification column.

Abstract: A method hydrofluorinates an olefin of the formula: RCX=CYZ to produce a hydrofluoroalkane of formula RCXFCHYZ or RCXHCFYZ, where X, Y, and Z are independently the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and C1-C6 alkyl which is partially or fully substituted with chloro or fluoro or bromo; and R is a C1-C6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted with chloro or fluoro or bromo. The method includes reacting the olefin with HF in the vapor phase, in the presence of SbF5, at a temperature ranging from about ?30° C. to about 65° C. and compositions formed by the process.

Abstract: A new chromium-containing fluorination catalyst is described. The catalyst comprises an amount of zinc that promotes activity and from 0.1 to 8.0% by weight of the chromium in the catalyst based on the total weight of the chromium is present as chromium (VI). The use of the zinc-promoted, chromium-containing catalyst in a fluorination process in which a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon is reacted with hydrogen fluoride in the vapour-phase at elevated temperatures is also described.

Abstract: An extraction column (1) is used, which includes a first column (10) having an adsorbent layer (100) with a silver nitrate silica gel layer (110) and a sulfuric silica gel layer (130) and a second column (20) detachably coupled to the first column (10) and filled with a trapping layer (200) capable of trapping an organic halogen compound. The trapping layer (200) includes a trapping material having a granular carrier containing aluminum oxide and fine particle-shaped silver held on a surface of the carrier. An aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is supplied to the adsorbent layer (100) to which an organic halogen compound-containing solution has been added, and passes through the adsorbent layer (100) and the trapping layer (200) in this order. A solvent for extraction of the organic halogen compound is supplied to the trapping layer (200) from the lower side of the second column (20), and the extraction solvent having passed through the trapping layer (200) is obtained through a branched path (22).

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing alcohols by an olefin hydration reaction using a heteropolyacid catalyst, wherein the catalyst can be stably used on a long-term basis. The temperature difference within the catalyst layer in the olefin hydration reaction using a heteropolyacid catalyst is made less than or equal to a certain value. Specifically, in a method for producing alcohols in which a gas-phase hydration reaction is carried out using a solid acid catalyst that supports a heteropolyacid acid or salt thereof and supplying water and C2-C5 olefin to a reactor, the temperature difference within the catalyst layer in the reactor is established at less than or equal to 6° C.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst for preparing 1,3-cyclopentanediol by hydrogenation of 4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone, the catalyst including: a carrier including ?-Al2O3; and an active metal supported on the carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound that is pharmaceutically active and methods of preparation thereof. The compound of the invention is 6-hydroxy-cannabidol-C4 (6-OH-CBD-C4). The compound of the invention is related to cannabidiol (CBD). CBD is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid which has been used to treat various diseases and disorders. While such treatments hold promise, there remains a need in the art for more effective treatments and this has been brought about by way of the compound of the invention.

Abstract: Cannabinoid analogs may exhibit anti-inflammatory properties such as by inhibition of cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptors. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the cannabinoid analogs may be used to treat various diseases and conditions in mammals, including diabetes, cancer, pain, anxiety, addiction, epilepsy, depression, or Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Provided herein are halogenated ether compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III): Also provided are electrolytes comprising one or more compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III) and electrochemical cells comprising electrolytes comprising one or more compounds of Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III).

Abstract: A continuous process for aerobic oxidation of methane. The process includes a reactor (10) comprising a bed of a metal-based catalyst (16), a methane feed stream (30) into the reactor (10), an oxygen feed stream (30) into the reactor (10), and a water feed stream (12) into the reactor (10). The methane is oxidised in a single step in the reactor (10) over the metal-based catalyst (16) in the presence of liquid water to produce a reaction product including compounds selected from formaldehyde, oligomers of formaldehyde, methanediol, and products of addition reactions between methanol and formaldehyde, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method for preparing pinacolone is provided. Raw materials including isopentane, hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde are reacted in the presence of a catalyst to produce pinacolone. The catalyst is a single lanthanide Lewis acid, a compounded lanthanide Lewis acid or a lanthanide metal oxide soluble in hydrochloric acid. The lanthanide Lewis acid is lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, praseodymium chloride, neodymium chloride, erbium chloride, holmium chloride, dysprosium chloride or thulium chloride. The method is performed through a continuous two-step reaction. In the first reaction, isopentene and hydrochloric acid are reacted to form an intermediate, which undergoes a second reaction with formaldehyde in the presence of the catalyst to produce pinacolone.

Abstract: Recycled content dioctyl terephthalate (r-DOTP) is produced using a process and system that applies credit-based recycled content from one or more feed materials to DOTP produced from the feed materials.

Abstract: Process for alkoxycarbonylation of olefins using synthesis gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and to their use in treating or preventing an inflammatory disease or a disease associated with an undesirable immune response: wherein RA and RB are as defined herein.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound having the structure wherein ?, ?, X, Y, and R1-R11 are defined herein. This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compounds, a method of inhibiting the activity and/or levels of a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), a method of inhibiting the production of a cytokine in a population of cells, a method of inhibiting the production of a growth factor in a population of cells, and a method of inhibiting NF?-B activation in a population of cells.

Abstract: The present invention is a monomer represented by the following general formula (a)-1M or (a)-2M. This provides: a resist material having higher sensitivity and higher resolution than conventional positive resist materials, small edge roughness and size variation, and excellent pattern profile after exposure; a monomer to be an ingredient for the resist material; a resist composition containing the resist material; and a patterning process.

Abstract: A p-phenylenediamine rubber antidegradant compound has a cycloalkyl structure named N-(3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-N?-phenyl p-phenylenediamine. The compound is prepared by reacting a compound A, 4-aminodiphenylamine, and hydrogen in a condensation hydrogenation reaction in presence of a catalyst, and the compound A is 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol, or combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention describes a new crystalline form of triethylenetetramine tetrachloride which has improved room temperature stability over known forms and over the dichloride salt. The new crystalline form is characterised by having peaks in an XRPD spectrum at 22.9, 25.4, 25.8, 26.6, 34.6 and 35.3±0.1° 2? and Raman shifts 943, 1173, 1527 and 1612±5 cm?1. The crystalline form of triethylenetetramine tetrachloride is useful in the treatment of Wilson's disease.

Abstract: Provided in the present invention are a cationic lipid compound and a composition for delivery of a nucleic acid, and the use. The compound is represented by the following formula (I). Further provided in the present invention are the use of a nano-lipid particle using the compound as a key component in the delivery of a nucleic acid; a component containing a delivery carrier; a preparation method; and a usage method.

Abstract: Disclosed are benzoate derivatives. Provided is a compound having a formula selected from the group consisting of following structures. The compound can be used for quality control over a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-acetoxybenzoate hydrochloride product, and also for inflammation diminishment.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure include crystalline solids of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol and 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane. Methods for preparing the crystalline solids of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol and single crystals of 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane are also provided. Methods for preparing a 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane from a crystalline solid of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol are also described.

Abstract: Described herein are modified monoterpene TRPM8 activating compounds. In particular, provided herein are compounds that affect the function of ion channels in a cell, and are useful as therapeutic agents or with therapeutic agents. The compounds provided herein are useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions including inflammatory eye diseases such as uveitis, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, and diseases characterized by abnormal growth, such as cancers.

Abstract: Standard surfactants are known to negatively impact the detection of nucleic acids in amplification and other detection techniques. Provided herein are novel surfactants that are useful in applications such as nucleic acid amplification, and that are stable under the conditions of such applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of selective aquaporin inhibitors, e.g., of aquaporin-4 or aquaporin-2, e.g., certain phenylbenzamide compounds, for the prophylaxis, treatment and control of aquaporin-mediated conditions, e.g., diseases ofwater imbalance, for example edema (particularly edema of the brain and spinal cord, e.g., following trauma or ischemic stroke, as well as the edema associated with glioma, meningitis, acute mountain sickness, epileptic seizures, infections, metabolic disorders, hypoxia, water intoxication, hepatic failure, hepatic encephalopathy, diabetic ketoacidosis, abscess, eclampsia, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and lupus cerebritis, as well as edema consequent to microgravity and/or radiation exposure, as well as edema consequent to invasive central nervous system procedures, e.g.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to iodinated compounds that comprise at least one 2,4,6-triiodobenzene moiety in which at least one of the hydrogens at 1-, 3- and 5-positions of the 2,4,6-triiodobenzene moiety is substituted by an iodinated substituent that comprises one or more iodophenyl-containing groups. The present disclosure also pertains to compositions containing such iodinated compounds and methods of making such iodinated compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to precious metal (Pd/Pt/Rh/Ru) free, preferably Pd free, processes for preparing a compound having formula (1) wherein: R1, R2, and X are as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof. Preferably, the compound is an iodo acrylate compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heterocyclic compound having an orexin type 2 receptor agonist activity. A compound represented by the formula (I): wherein each symbol is as described in the specification, or a salt thereof has an orexin type 2 receptor agonist activity, and is useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of narcolepsy.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, A, L1, L2, Y and Z are defined herein. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and methods of using a compound of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, e.g., in the treatment of a disease or disorder that is treatable by administration of an Orexin agonist.

Abstract: The disclosure provides compounds of Formula (I): (I) as further described herein, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and methods to use the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of certain viral disorders, including influenza.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions comprising compounds that modulate pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) are described herein. Also described herein are methods of using the compounds that modulate PKM2 in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the formula: as well as analogs thereof, wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions thereof. In some aspects, the compounds and compositions provided herein may be used to modulate the activity of IL-17 and ROR?. Also provided are methods of administering compounds and composition provided herein to a patient in need thereof, for example, for the treatment or prevention of diseases or disorders associated with inflammation or for autoimmune disorders.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds that modulate glucose uptake activity and cellular transport/uptake of glucose, and particularly GLUT3, but also including but not limited to GLUT1-14 (SLC2A1-SLC2A14). Compounds of the invention are useful for treating diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases and inflammation, infectious diseases, and metabolic diseases.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method capable of producing rosuvastatin calcium and intermediates therefor efficiently, inexpensively and with high purity. The present invention provides a method of efficiently producing rosuvastatin calcium and intermediates therefor having a high purity at an industrial scale, without using an extremely low temperature reaction or a special asymmetric catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved crystal form of SCO-101, its preparation and use. Further, the invention relates to intermediary crystal forms of SCO-101 that can be converted to the improved crystal form of SCO-101.

Abstract: Provided herein are libraries of nerve-specific fluorescent contrast agents of substituted 8-methyl-phenoxazine compounds of Formula (I) with excitation and emission profile comparable to US FDA approved methylene blue (MB) and indocyanine green (ICG), respectively, allowing for real-time intraoperative imaging using clinical-grade surgical systems. Also provided 700 nm lead candidates with substantially improved water-solubility, fully negating the need for formulation development with the added advantage of improved safety profiles for patient use in the clinic as well as decreased overall cost of clinical translation.

Abstract: HDAC inhibitor compounds having trifluoromethylpyruvamides or hydrates thereof, and methods of making and using the same, are described. The HDAC inhibitor compounds are useful for inhibiting HDAC activity and inhibiting growth of cancer cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to heterocyclic red azo colorants for seed treatment applications. The red azo colorants contain a heterocycle that includes one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom and are free from electron-withdrawing groups on the heterocycle. Seeds for use in horticultural/agriculture applications that are coated with the heterocyclic azo colorants provide anti-counterfeiting properties to the coated seeds. A color change phenomenon is observed when the coated seeds are exposed to an acidic material, such as vinegar, and provides evidence of the authenticity of the coated seeds. The invention also relates to agricultural formulations containing the heterocyclic red azo colorants that can be used as an anti-counterfeit agents.

Abstract: Compounds that selectively inhibit GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors (NMDARs) are disclosed. In some cases, the compounds selectively target GluN2B over GluN2A, GluN2C, and/or GluN2D. Generally, the compounds possess an enhanced potency to GluN2B at a pH that is more acidic compared to the physiological pH. Pharmaceutical formulations containing one or more of the compounds are also disclosed. Additionally, methods of treating a condition, disorder or disease using the compounds or their pharmaceutical formulations thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are a dual modulator of mGluR5 and 5-HT2AR (5-HT2A receptor), and use thereof. More specifically, disclosed are a compound which acts as modulator of mGluR5 and an antagonist of 5-HT2AR at the same time, and use thereof as therapeutic agent for pain.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method to make 5-(alkoxycarbonyl) furan-2-carboxylic acids (ACFC) from feedstocks comprised of furoates. When a feedstock comprised of methyl 5-methylfuran-2-carboxy late (MMFC) is used a product comprised of (5-(methoxy carbonyl) furan-2-carboxylic acid (MCFC) is obtained in high yield.

Abstract: A compound for treating diseases related to cerebral ischemic injury. The structure of the compound is as represented by formula (II) below. The compound exhibits higher bioavailability and higher distribution concentrations in rat plasma and brain tissues, and shows a good efficacy in the treatment of ischemic brain injury.

Abstract: The present invention provides PI3K protein kinase modulators, methods of preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and methods of treatment, prevention and/or amelioration of kinase mediated diseases or disorders with them.

Abstract: Provided herein are processes and compositions comprising substituted resorcylic acid or substituted resorcinols.

Abstract: Provided is a precursor compound of Formula I used for preparing a cyclic sulfonic acid ester derivative compound, and a method for preparing same, wherein all the variables are described herein.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to substituted thiophene carboxamides and analogues thereof that may be used for protecting plants from bacterial diseases, in particular from bacterial diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Xanthomonas.