Abstract: A linear light apparatus includes a light strip, a main bracket, two end covers and a bottom holder. The light passing cover has two side arc openings and two lateral bottom edges. The two lateral bottom edges of the light passing cover are respectively attached to two lateral walls of the main bracket. The ladder groove has a central surface and two tilt surfaces. The two tilt surfaces respectively extend from top edges of the two lateral walls to lower the central surface below a bottom line of the side arc opening. The two end covers respectively have a top part and a bottom part. The top parts of the two end covers respectively cover the arc openings of the light passing cover. The bottom parts of the two end covers respectively cover the lateral groove.

Abstract: A support element for a lamp module adapted to precisely accommodate at least one part of the lamp module that comprises an alignment member of the part, wherein the support element comprises at least one alignment member of the element, wherein the alignment member of the part forms, with the alignment member of the element, a pair of specially shaped complementary alignment members adapted to define the relative position of the support element and the given part by tightly fitting a protrusion on one member of the pair into a gap on the other member of the same pair. Furthermore, the object of the invention is a lamp module comprising the support element and a method of lamp module assembly on such a support element.

Abstract: An optical apparatus for a mobility vehicle reduces the overall size of an optical system of the mobility vehicle by implementing a favorable package configuration, ensures sufficient lighting and high luminous efficiency through the efficient operation of a light source, and improves the quality of the lighting image projected onto an illumination area.

Abstract: A light module for a headlight of a motor vehicle, the light module having: a circuit board having at least one illuminating device for emitting light, wherein the circuit board has a longitudinal extent along a Y-axis, a width extent, extending perpendicular to the longitudinal extent, along an X-axis, and a vertical extent, extending perpendicular to the longitudinal extent and the width extent, along a Z-axis; a reflector; and a heat sink on which the circuit board is fastened. The heat sink is fastened to the reflector via a first fastener in such a manner that the first fastener secures a first referencing structure and/or a second referencing structure of the reflector against the circuit board such that the at least one illuminating device is located in a reference position in the direction of the Y-axis and in the direction of the X-axis relative to the reflector.

Abstract: A sensor system includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a cover, and a control device. The first sensor detects, with first light, a state of a first area located outside a vehicle and outputs first detecting information corresponding to the state. The second sensor detects, with second light, a state of a second area located outside the vehicle and at least partially overlapping with the first area, and outputs second detecting information corresponding to the state. The cover covers at least one of the first and second sensors while forming a part of an outer face of the vehicle and allows passage of at least one of the first and second light. The control device detects an abnormality of the cover based on an inconsistency between the first and second detecting information that are outputted for an area where the first area and the second area overlap.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a lighting system including a junction box for accommodating a light source assembly, and which is configured to allows for additional components such as separate drivers or emergency ballasts to also be included in the lighting system together with the light source assembly. In embodiments, the junction box is mounted on a pan style frame. In some embodiments, the lighting system includes a test switch mounted on a trim piece that is accessible from below a ceiling in which the lighting system is installed, and which allows for an emergency power supply to be verified.

Abstract: A lighting element configured to be mounted on a mounting surface. The lighting element comprises a base member, at least one forward member, and at least one base-illuminating light source. The base member is adjacent the mounting surface when mounted and has a base member front surface positioned to face away from the mounting surface when mounted. The at least one forward member has a front surface and a rear surface opposite the front surface. The rear surface is spaced from and in face-to-face relationship with the base member front surface. The at least one base-illuminating light source is adjacent the forward member rear surface, is adapted to emit light, and is positioned to project light toward the base member front surface and such that no portion of the at least one base-illuminating light source extends beyond the forward member front surface nor rearward beyond the forward member rear surface.

Abstract: An LED luminaire is described that can be readily installed, removed, or replaced. The LED luminaire may be modular with an easily removable component chassis having components such as sensors, LED driver elements, and so forth that may be modular. The LED luminaire is adapted for rapid access to the component chassis and rapid adjustment, updating, repairs, or replacement thereof. In one aspect, one or more first engaging elements form a connection between the component chassis and the frame that can support the frame in either a closed or open position, or allow for rotation of the frame from one orientation to another while still securing the component chassis to the frame.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a new gate lamp system and method. The system and method is configured to facilitate the installation of a gate lamp onto a gate arm, and to facilitate the replacement of one or more of the gate lamps. The present disclosure provides a system and method of installing gate lamps on a gate arm in the field in a robust manner with ease.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a battery powered light. The light includes a removable battery pack and a base portion which receives the battery pack. A light section is operably connected to the base section. The light section includes a light generator which produces light. The light further includes a mount. The mount is movable so that the mount can attach to a variety of surfaces including at least a flat surface and a curved surface.

Abstract: A light-emitting module includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a first light source, a second light source, and a third light source. The first light source is connected between the first terminal and the second terminal. The second light source and the third light source are connected between the first terminal and the second terminal, in anti-parallel with the first light source. The first, second, and third light sources are aligned in a first direction along a light-emitting surface, with the first light source between the second light source and the third light source.

Abstract: A lighting strip has a printed circuit board with one or more perforated lines at which the printed circuit board length may be adjusted by breaking off an end portion of the printed circuit board. A first layer has a first set of conductive tracks and a second layer has a second set of conductive tracks corresponding to the first set of conductive tracks. Each conductive track of the second set is vertically aligned and positioned over the corresponding conductive track of the first set. An array of contact terminals is provided on a third layer. A plurality of lighting elements is disposed along the lighting strip, each electrically connected to a respective pair of the contact terminals. The lighting strip further comprises a set of vias connecting each conductive track of the first set to the corresponding conductive track of the second set.

Abstract: An example apparatus, an automotive lighting system, and an automotive lighting apparatus for driving a lighting element in an automotive lighting system are provided. The example apparatus includes a lighting element and a lighting element driver electrically connected to the lighting element and a serial communication bus. The lighting element driver includes a flexible circuit board, a serial communication interface configured to receive a serial communication message related to the lighting element, a power supply interface electrically connected to a power source, and a lighting element driver processor mounted on and electrically connected to the flexible circuit board. The lighting element driver transmits power from the power supply interface to the lighting element based at least in part on the serial communication message.

Abstract: Provided is a lamp unit, a connector, and a lamp system having the lamp unit that includes a lamp panel, a connector having a rotating shaft, and a first connection portion and a second connection portion each being sleeved on the rotating shaft in a hinge form and being rotatable relative to each other around the rotating shaft, and connection ports detachably snap-fitted with one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion. The relative angle between the first connection portion and the second connection portion can be adjusted after the lamp units are connected in a three-dimensional manner via the connectors. In addition, one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion of each connector is detachably snap-fitted with a connection port of each lamp unit, which can make the connection between the lamp units more secure while ensuring convenient assembly and disassembly.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a spool body having a top flange extending from a perimeter of a first end of the spool body and a bottom flange extending from the perimeter of a second end of the spool body opposite the first end of the spool body, a rope light selectively wrapped around the spool body, and a power source disposed with the spool body and electrically coupled to the rope light such that the power source causes the rope light to emit light. An end of the rope light may be secured to the spool body and a second send of the rope light may include an attachment device for attaching the rope light to a rope or like support. Circuitry components may be configured to electrically couple the power source to the rope light and control an illumination mode of the rope light.

Abstract: A strawberry lamp holder structure that can be automatically produced, wherein the strawberry lamp holder structure includes a bulb casing, a lamp holder, and a lamp holder cover; the lamp holder cover is inserted into the lamp holder; the direction in which the lamp holder cover is inserted into the lamp holder is denoted as a first direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is denoted as a second direction; viewed from the second direction, the lamp holder cover is recessed inwardly to form first clamping parts, and the lamp holder is recessed inwardly to form second clamping parts located on the same side as the first clamping parts; a first gap is formed between the first clamping part and the second clamping part. The installation action is simpler and the automatic production is more convenient.

Abstract: A light transmissive substrate for transforming a Lambertian light distribution into a batwing light distribution. The light transmissive substrate includes a first surface comprising a plurality of microstructures, and a second surface on a side of the substrate opposite the first surface. The substrate is configured to receive light in a Lambertian distribution from a light source at the first surface and transform the light into a batwing distribution exiting the second surface. The batwing distribution having a peak intensity at about ±30° to about ±60° from X and Y axes, and a minimum intensity at nadir.

Abstract: An illuminated emblem assembly includes a multi-component outer lens having an exterior surface and an interior surface further comprising an externally visible area to be illuminated, an inner lens having an exterior surface and an interior surface, a printed circuit board assembly, a heat sink, a housing for the inner and outer lenses, and at least one light source, wherein the at least one light source is offset from the externally visible area to be illuminated. A method of manufacturing the illuminated emblem assembly includes injection molding the multi-component outer lens, providing the inner lens, providing the housing for the inner and outer lenses, providing the at least one light source, and assembling the inner and outer lenses and the at least one light source within the housing to obtain the illuminated emblem assembly.

Abstract: An illumination device includes multiple light-emitting elements operatively arranged to emit light during operation, and a transparent elongate optical element including one or more cavities. The optical element is arranged to receive light from the light-emitting elements. The one or more cavities are arranged along an extension of the optical element.

Abstract: A burner adapted for use in a streaming engine, wherein the burner provides a combustion channel and a burner tip, wherein the burner tip provides at least one longitudinal cooling fin, and wherein the at least one longitudinal cooling fin provides a longitudinal direction helically circling the combustion channel.

Abstract: A combustor for a turbine engine. The combustor includes a fuel injector and a fluid injection system in fluid communication with the combustor. The fuel injector includes a mixer assembly with a pilot mixer and a main mixer. The pilot mixer and the main mixer operate during high power operation of the turbine engine. The fluid injection system injects a fluid into the combustor during high power operation of the turbine engine. The fluid is shut off during low power operation of the turbine engine and during mid-level power operation of the turbine engine.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine including a catalytic reactor and a combustor. The catalytic reactor is configured (i) to receive hydrogen fuel, (ii) to receive air containing oxygen, (iii) to catalytically react at least a portion of the oxygen in the air with at least a portion of the hydrogen in the hydrogen fuel to produce water, and (iv) to output diluent comprising the catalytically produced water. The combustor includes (a) a combustion chamber and (b) at least one nozzle that is fluidly coupled to the catalytic reactor to receive the diluent output by the catalytic reactor and configured to inject the diluent into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A deflector assembly in a cooking appliance door includes a fin with a directing flange and a projection. The projection extends toward the central panel and is configured to concentrate cool air flow within the channels of the cooking appliance door. The directing flange cooperates with a tab to define a single opening through which the cool air is concentrated and directed toward an upper portion of the cooking appliance door.

Abstract: A heater including a cylindrical housing with an inlet end, an outlet end, and an axis extending between the inlet end and the outlet end. A combustion chamber is positioned at least partially within the cylindrical housing. A base is coupled to the cylindrical housing. A user interface is operable to control combustion within the combustion chamber. The axis is positioned between the base and the user interface.

Abstract: One or more systems, devices, and techniques for heating a structure using boiler water stored by a boiler are described herein. For example, a method includes obtaining gas consumption data for a heat source that is heating a structure and obtaining zone and ambient temperature data while the structure is being heated. Additionally, the method includes estimating unknown parameters of elements of a dynamic heat loss model as part of a model predictive control (MPC) model for the structure using inverse modeling as a function of the obtained gas consumption data and zone and ambient data.

Abstract: A breezeless structure and an air conditioner are provided. The breezeless structure has an air dispersing structure, which has a stationary blade assembly and a rotating member spaced apart from each other in an air-flowing direction. The rotating member is rotatable relative to the stationary blade assembly. The stationary blade assembly has a plurality of stationary blades spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of the stationary blade assembly. The rotating member has a plurality of rotating blades spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of the rotating member. Each rotating blade is obliquely disposed to allow air to flow on opposite side walls of the rotating blade. Alternatively or additionally, each stationary blade is obliquely disposed to allow air to flow on opposite side walls of the stationary blade.

Abstract: An indicator outputs information relating to a heat-pump system including a plurality of usage-side units which form a communication network. The indicator includes a mode management section configured to accept selection from a plurality of operation modes of the indicator including a first mode, a unit-side communication section configured to receive or acquire first and second unit signals from a predetermined usage-side unit of the usage-side units, and an indicator output section. The first unit signal is used for information originated by the predetermined usage-side unit. The second unit signal is used for information not originated by the predetermined usage-side unit. The indicator output section is configured to, when alarm information has been received or acquired via a second unit signal while the indicator is operating in a first mode, output the alarm information.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for monitoring and/or controlling at least one air conditioning and/or heating plant (1) including a delivery line (3), a return line (4) and service lines (5) hydraulically interposed between the delivery line (3) and the return line (4), each service line (5) comprising at least one thermal exchange unit (7). The process detects a value (?) of the flow rate of the carrier fluid traversing the thermal exchange unit (7), and determines a temperature difference (?T) between the temperature (Tt1) of the carrier fluid, at the first section (5a), detected at a first instant (t1), and the temperature (Tt2) of the carrier fluid, at the second section (5b), detected at a second instant (t2). The process determines a characteristic function which relates said temperature difference (?T) between the first and the second section to the carrier fluid flow rate (?).

Abstract: A device that heats/cools air includes a heat exchanger that contains hydronic fluid; a blower that moves air over and/or through the heat exchanger; a pump that circulates the hydronic fluid; a first vessel that contains hydronic fluid under pressure, air, a sealed first opening, a second opening that allows the hydronic fluid to exit the first vessel, a third opening that allows the hydronic fluid to enter the vessel, and a fourth opening; a second vessel that contains hydronic fluid at atmospheric pressure, a sealed first opening, and a second opening in communication with the first vessel, wherein the second vessel is in communication with the fourth opening; a valve that allows hydronic fluid to flow from the second vessel to the first vessel when pressure inside the first vessel decreases below zero psig, and prevents hydronic fluid from flowing from the first vessel to the second vessel.

Abstract: A system for obtaining energy consumptions, savings and cost reduction in structures adapted for human habitation which includes the utilization of a plurality of mats including phase change material encapsulated within first and second layers of plastic material having heat transfer capability disposed within the plenum area above a ceiling of a room within a building with the amount of phase change material contained within each mat being between 0.5 lbs. and 0.67 lbs. per square foot.

Abstract: A heating unit for heating fluid is described having a first manifold having at least one inlet, a second manifold connected to the first manifold and having at least one outlet, and a third manifold. The heating unit also includes one or more heating systems which extend from the third manifold to the first manifold via the second manifold, where the one or more heating systems have an inner tube and an outer tube. Further, the heating unit includes a fluid flow path from the at least one inlet to the at least one outlet via the first manifold, an area between the inner tube and outer tube, the interior of the inner tube and the second manifold.

Abstract: A method of controlling a heating system includes providing at least one heater assembly having a plurality of heater units, each heater unit defining an independently controlled heating zone, supplying power to the independently controlled heating zones through a plurality of power conductors that are electrically connected to each of the independently controlled heating zones, determining a temperature, and modulating power supplied to the independently controlled heating zones through the power conductors based on the determined temperature to provide a desired power output along a length of the heater assembly.

Abstract: Examples are provided herein that relate to solar heating with a solar refraction device. One example provides a solar heating system, comprising a container configured to enclose contents within the container in a closed configuration, and a solar refraction device comprising a lens array assembly having a plurality of lens array sub-assemblies, the lens array assembly configured to refract solar energy impinging on the lens array assembly to focus refracted solar energy at a plurality of focal points positioned to heat the contents enclosed within the container, each focal point corresponding to a corresponding lens array sub-assembly of the plurality of lens array sub-assemblies.

Abstract: The integrated expander and motor-compressor assembly comprises a compression section mounted between the two radial bearings on a trans-mission shaft, an expander cantilevered at a free end of the transmission shaft, a gas diffuser and a duct between the expander and a first radial bearing, the first radial bearing been the closest radial bearing to the expander. The gas diffuser diffuses a gas barrier which is sucked up by the duct.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a low-pressure-side pressure sensor that detects the pressure of heat-source-side refrigerant that flows into a compressor and outputs it as a first detection value and a high-pressure-side pressure sensor that detects the pressure of heat-source-side refrigerant discharged from the compressor and outputs it as a second detection value. When switching the operation mode of the apparatus, a controller determines whether the ratio of the first detection value to the second detection value is higher than a first threshold. When the ratio is higher than the threshold, the controller causes a second refrigerant flow switching device to perform a switching operation. When the ratio is less than or equal to the threshold, the controller makes an adjustment such that an opening degree of an expansion device is less than a second threshold, and then causes the second refrigerant flow switching device to perform the switching operation.

Abstract: A heat pump includes a refrigerant loop. The refrigerant loop includes a compressor, a first region of a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a bypass branch. The compressor includes a low-pressure inlet, a mid-pressure inlet, and an outlet. The first heat exchanger is positioned downstream of the outlet of the compressor. The second heat exchanger is positioned downstream of the first heat exchanger. The bypass branch includes an entrance and an exit. The entrance to the bypass branch is positioned downstream of the outlet of the compressor and upstream of the first region of the first heat exchanger. The exit of the bypass branch is positioned upstream of the second heat exchanger.

Abstract: A compressor unit includes a first case, a compressor, a connecting port, and a shutoff valve. The connecting port includes a first connecting port and a second connecting port. The shutoff valve includes a first shutoff valve and a second shutoff valve. A heat source heat exchanger is accommodated in a second case. A utilization heat exchanger is accommodated in a third case. The compressor unit is disposed inside a building. The first connecting port is connected to the heat source heat exchanger via a first connection piping. The second connecting port is connected to the utilization heat exchanger via a second connection piping. The first shutoff valve shuts off flow of a refrigerant between the first connecting port and the heat source heat exchanger. The second shutoff valve shuts off flow of the refrigerant between the second connecting port and the utilization heat exchanger.

Abstract: An HVAC system is disclosed, comprising: (a) a compressor, (b) a source heat exchanger for exchanging heat with a source fluid, (c) a first load heat exchanger operable for heating/cooling air in a space, (d) a second load heat exchanger for heating water, (e) first and second reversing valves, (f) first and second 3-way valves, (f) a bi-directional electronic expansion valve, (g) a first bi-directional valve, and (h) a second bi-directional valve to modulate exchange of heat in the first load heat exchanger when operating as an evaporator and to control flashing of the refrigerant entering the source heat exchanger when operating as an evaporator, (h) a source pump for circulating the source fluid through the first load heat exchanger, (i) a water pump for circulating water through the second load heat exchanger, and (j) a controller to control operation of the foregoing.

Abstract: A method of preventing evaporator coil freeze in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system is performed by a controller in the HVAC system. The method includes determining a reference saturated suction temperature (SST) via a sensor disposed in relation to an evaporator coil in the HVAC system. The method also includes determining whether the reference SST is below a minimum SST threshold. The method also includes, responsive to a determination that the reference SST is below the minimum SST threshold, increasing a discharge air temperature (DAT) setpoint.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system is disclosed. The transport refrigeration system comprises a refrigeration unit. The refrigeration unit comprises one or more components. The transport refrigeration system comprises an electric motor operatively connected to a power source. The electric motor is configured to provide power to the one or more components of the refrigeration unit. The refrigeration unit comprises a controller operatively connected with the electric motor and the one or more components of the refrigeration unit. The controller is configured to generate a control signal to convert the electric motor to an electric generator; and direct power to the one or more components.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes: a storage chamber; a cooler to cool the storage chamber; a first tray assembly and a second tray assembly configured to define an ice making cell; a heater disposed adjacent to at least one of the first tray assembly or the second tray assembly; and a controller configured to control the heater, wherein the controller controls the heater to be turned on to make transparent ice from water within the ice making cell, and the controller controls the heater so that when a heat transfer amount between the storage chamber and the water of the ice making cell increases, the heating amount of the heater increases, and when the heat transfer amount between the storage chamber and the water of the ice making cell decreases, the heating amount of the heater decreases.

Abstract: A method for controlling a refrigerator, includes turning off a cold air transmission unit as a temperature of a storage compartment becomes equal to or less than a second reference temperature while a cold air generator is operated, turning on the cold air transmission unit, upon determining that the temperature of the storage compartment is equal to or greater than a first reference temperature which is greater than the second reference temperature, and calculating, by a controller, an operating ratio of the cold air transmission unit based on ON and OFF time of the cold air transmission unit, determining an output of the cold air transmission unit based on the operating ratio of the cold air transmission unit, and operating the cold air transmission unit with the determined output, upon determining that the temperature of the storage compartment is equal to or less than the second reference temperature.

Abstract: A control device controls a heating capacity during a heating operation and a defrosting capacity during a defrosting operation. The defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit is determined to fall within a range satisfying a first determination condition and within a range satisfying a second determination condition. The first determination condition is a condition that a sum of a load capacity of a load device when the first defrosting start condition is satisfied, and the defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit does not exceed the heating capacity of a second refrigeration cycle unit. The second determination condition is a condition that a sum of an inter-unit defrosting interval and a defrosting period of the first refrigeration cycle unit does not exceed a shortest defrosting interval of the second refrigeration cycle unit.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator and control method for refrigerator and method for opening a refrigerator door. While a user is holding an object in both hands, a door may be automatically and additionally opened using another part of a body other than hands.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a door frame and a perimetric surface of an insulation door panel of a panel unit that are spaced apart from each other. A component receiving groove is provided between the door frame and the perimetric surface of the insulation door panel, so that an operation module is received in the component receiving groove. When the operation module is received in the component receiving groove, at least of a part of the operation module is arranged to face a front surface of the panel unit through a bezel portion constituting the front surface of the panel unit. Therefore, a space for installing the operation module such as a detection sensor or a touch sensor is provided to be sufficiently wide along an edge of a door.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator which allows a pivoting bar to pivot to seal a gap between a pair of doors regardless of whether the door at which the pivoting bar is not installed between the pair of doors is open or closed. The refrigerator includes a guide device which induces the pivoting bar to pivot. Here, the guide device includes a rack that is moved forward and backward linearly depending on opening and closing of the second door and includes a second magnet built therein, a pinion gear engaged with the rack and pivoting when the rack is moved linearly, and a guide unit which includes a guide groove guiding a guide protrusion and is engaged with the pinion gear to move linearly in a direction opposite to that of the rack to allow the pivoting bar to pivot when the pinion gear pivots.

Abstract: Provided is a vacuum adiabatic body. The vacuum adiabatic body includes a first plate configured to define at least a portion of a wall for a first space, a second plate configured to define at least a portion of a wall for a second space having a temperature different from that of the first space, a seal configured to seal the first plate and the second plate so as to provide a third space that has a temperature between a temperature of the first space and a temperature of the second space and is in a vacuum state, and a support configured to maintain the third space. Therefore, the vacuum adiabatic module that is thermally insulated with the vacuum, independently applied at various places, and conveniently used may be realized.

Abstract: A crisper drawer for a refrigerator having a refrigerated compartment is disclosed. The crisper drawer includes a plurality of side walls defining a storage chamber, an opening in a side wall to provide fluid communication between the storage chamber and the refrigerated compartment, and a multi-function filter cassette configured to be positioned within the opening. The multi-function filter cassette includes a first filter configured to remove contaminants from a first air flow within the refrigerated compartment, a second filter configured to remove contaminants and/or moisture from a second air flow within the storage chamber, and a central wall configured to prevent fluid communication between the refrigerated compartment and the storage chamber.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a cabinet including a storage space, a drawer door located in the storage space, the drawer door including a door part and a drawer part connected to the door part, a control panel located on an upper surface of the door part, the control panel being configured to display or manipulate a setting of the storage space, and an electric wire guide module connected to the cabinet and a rear surface of the door part to connect an electric wire in the cabinet to the control panel. The electric wire guide module includes a mounting plate, a rotation connection member rotatably mounted to the mounting plate, a guide head coupled to the rear surface of the door part, and at least one connecting member connecting the rotation connection member and the guide head, the electric wire extending through the at least one connecting member.

Abstract: A centrifugal sand drying system improves the removal of sand from liquid through the inclusion of a centrifugal separator with a hopper and screw. The mixture of sand and liquid is directed in a continuous feed to the centrifugal separator where it rotates to isolate the sand from the liquid. The liquid then returns to the hopper while the sand is directed to the screw where it is extracted from the system.