Abstract: The present invention relates to a polarizing plate including: a polarizer; a first hard coating layer positioned on the polarizer and containing binder resin including (meth) acrylate-based (co) polymer; a light transmitting substrate positioned on the first hard coating layer, having retardation of 3000 nm or more, and having in-plane birefringence; and a second hard coating layer positioned on the light transmitting substrate and including a binder resin, and solid-type inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in the binder resin, wherein the degree of a angle formed by the slow axis of the light transmitting substrate and the absorption axis of the polarizer is 5 to 85°, and an image display device including the same.

Abstract: A planar light source includes a support member; a light guide member including a first surface located proximate to an upper surface of the support member, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a through hole extending from the first surface to the second surface; a light source unit including a light-emitting element and a wavelength conversion member that covers an upper surface and a lateral surface of the light-emitting element and disposed on the support member at a position of the through hole; a light-transmissive member disposed between the light source unit and the light guide member in the through hole; and a light adjustment member disposed on the light source unit and the light-transmissive member. An upper surface of the wavelength conversion member of the light source unit is located higher than the second surface of the light guide member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light guide plate containing a glass plate and a resin layer that is formed on at least one major surface of the glass plate, in which the resin layer is made of a resin containing metal oxide fine particles dispersed, and an absolute value of a refractive index difference between the glass plate and the resin layer is 0.07 or smaller over an entire range of a wavelength of 430 nm to 700 nm.

Abstract: A patch cord for transmitting between a single mode fiber (SMF) and a multi-mode fiber (MMFs) has a MMF, SMF, and a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a hollow core placed between the SMF and MMF. A mode field diameter (MFD) of the PCF hollow core section is in the range of 16 to 19 microns, the length of the PCF is between 1 cm to 10 cm, the MMF has 50±2 microns core diameter, the SMF has a 6-9 microns core diameter, and the coupling between the PCF mode to the MMF fundamental mode is maximized.

Abstract: A bending-resistant low-crosstalk photonic orbital angular momentum (OAM) optical fiber waveguide. An optical fiber sequentially comprises, from the center to the outside, a first core layer (1), a second core layer (2), a first cladding layer (3), a second cladding layer (4), and a third cladding layer (5), wherein the third cladding layer (5) is the thickest, the first core layer (1) is the second thickest, and the first cladding layer (3) is the thinnest; the refractive index of the first cladding layer (3) is the lowest, the refractive index of the second cladding layer (4) is the second lowest, and the refractive index of the second core layer (2) is the highest. The waveguide structure can effectively regulate the output of different OAM modes, and an effective refractive index difference between modes is greater than 2×10?4, the modes are easy to separate, and multiplexing and demultiplexing are facilitated.

Abstract: A Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) a method of its production and a supercontinuum light source comprising such PCF. The PCF has a longitudinal axis and includes a core extending along the length of said longitudinal axis and a cladding region surrounding the core. At least the cladding region includes a plurality of microstructures in the form of inclusions extending along the longitudinal axis of the PCF in at least a microstructured length section. In at least a degradation resistant length section of the microstructured length section the PCF includes hydrogen and/or deuterium. In at least the degradation resistant length section the PCF further includes a main coating surrounding the cladding region, which main coating is hermetic for the hydrogen and/or deuterium at a temperature below Th, wherein Th is at least about 50° C., preferably 50° C.<Th<250° C.

Abstract: A photonic integrated circuit chip includes a substrate and a wafer on the substrate. The wafer itself includes a photonic grating coupler with a taper portion and grating features. The grating features extend from the taper portion toward the substrate.

Abstract: A fusion splicer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an optical fiber disposition unit, and a first conductive member. The first electrode has a first potential, the second electrode has a second potential lower than the first potential, and an arc discharge is generated therebetween. The optical fiber disposition unit has grooves in which first optical fibers and second optical fibers are accommodated. The first conductive member is provided apart from the grooves between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first conductive member has a third potential that is lower than the first potential and higher than the second potential, and is disposed at a position at which the shortest distance from one of the first electrode and the second electrode is shorter than the shortest distance from the other of the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: An optical system, comprising: (i) multiple input optical fibers; (ii) an optical mode multiplexer/demultiplexer coupled to said input optical fibers with, said optical mode multiplexer/demultiplexer comprising a plurality of metamaterial structures having length and forming at least one stage of metamaterials, the at least one stage of metamaterials is being situated on a surface of the optical mode multiplexer/demultiplexer facing the input optical fibers, and the at least one stage of metamaterials is oriented at angles between 60 and 120 degrees relative to the axis of the input fibers; and the metasurfaces are structured to receive a first optical signal having a first mode from at least one of said multiple input optical fibers and convert the first mode to a different mode.

Abstract: An example device comprises: a substrate comprising a waveguide material having a waveguide refractive index (RIWG); a first layer of oxide on the substrate having an RI1 lower than the RIWG; a waveguide on the first oxide layer, the waveguide comprising the waveguide material having the RIWG; a second oxide layer on the waveguide and the first oxide layer, the second oxide layer having a second RI2 higher than the RI1 and less than the RIWG, the first oxide layer, the waveguide and the second oxide layer forming an end face for light coupling, and the waveguide extending inwards from the end face and increasing in effective RI from the end face; and an index matching material on the second oxide layer that encapsulates at least the second oxide layer and the end face, a respective RI of the index matching material being about index matched to the RI1.

Abstract: A method of using a coupling system includes aligning an optical fiber with a cavity in a chip, wherein aligning the optical fiber comprises orienting the fiber within an angle ranging from about 88-degrees to about 92-degrees with respect to a top surface of the chip. The method further includes emitting an optical signal from the optical fiber. The method further includes redirecting the optical signal into a waveguide using a grating positioned on an opposite side of the cavity from the optical fiber.

Abstract: The present disclosure has an object to provide a multicore optical connector that can achieve size reduction and pitch reduction without performing highly accurate machining of V-grooves or the like. The present disclosure is a multicore optical connector including a holding member 11 having a flat bottom surface 14B, and provided with a groove that enables a plurality of optical fibers 91 to be arranged along the bottom surface 14B, the plurality of optical fibers 91 stored in a row on the bottom surface of the groove, and a lid 15 that is in contact with all the plurality of optical fibers 91 and is fixed to the plurality of optical fibers 91 and the holding member 11 in a state in which the plurality of optical fibers 91 are pressed against the bottom surface 14B of the groove to form a long hole 12 at the groove 14.

Abstract: An optical ferrule includes an optical coupling member with a light redirecting element that redirects input light from a waveguide toward an output window. The optical coupling member has a mating surface configured to slidably mate with a mating optical coupling member along a longitudinal axis of the optical ferrule. The optical ferrule also includes at least one stacking member along a longitudinal edge of the optical coupling member. The stacking member has a distal end extending beyond one of the mating surface and a top surface opposed to the mating surface. The stacking member also has a contact surface opposed to the distal end. The contact surface is configured to rotatably interface with a corresponding distal end of a of an adjacently stacked optical ferrule.

Abstract: A waveguide coupler includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The waveguide coupler also includes a connecting waveguide disposed between the first waveguide and the second waveguide. The connecting waveguide includes a first material having a first index of refraction and a second material having a second index of refraction higher than the first index of refraction.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a printed wiring board, a logic IC mounted on the printed wiring board, a connector mounted on the printed wiring board, an optical element that is accommodated inside the printed wiring board and converts an optical signal to an electrical signal and/or the electrical signal to the optical signal, an optical waveguide formed between the optical element inside the printed wiring board and the connector on the printed wiring board such that the optical waveguide optically connects the optical element and the connector, and an electrical path formed between the optical element and the logic IC such that the electrical path connects the logic IC and the optical element and that a length of the electrical path is 1 mm or less.

Abstract: An optical transceiver sub-assembly (100) integrated with a silicon photonic platform having a folded optical path for transmitting and detecting a plurality of optical signals includes a housing chamber (105) and a top cover (110) to enclose elements of the optical transceiver sub-assembly (100) other than the housing chamber (105) and the top cover (110), a bottom housing module (115) accommodating an optical micro integration (130). In particular, the optical transceiver sub-assembly (100) is operably configured to establish an optical-electrical communication with an outside surrounding.

Abstract: A short-waveband active optical component based on a vertical emitting laser and a multi-mode optical fiber has an emitting end and a receiving end. In the emitting end, multiple VCSELs generate multiple optical signals of different wavelengths, and multiple photodiodes in the receiving end receive the optical signals emitted by the VCSELs. Both ends use a focusing lens array to collimate and focus the optical signals A Z-block-shaped prism performs a light combining function at the emitting end, while another Z-block-shaped prism performs a light splitting function at the receiving end. Both ends use a focusing lens for collimating and focusing the optical signals at ends of a multi-mode optical fiber, which is used for transmitting the optical signals generated by the VCSELs. The short-waveband active optical component has a small size and a high transmission rate.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an optoelectronic component mounted to a PCB substrate. A transmissive adhesive is disposed directly on the optoelectronic component and is transmissive to light of a wavelength sensed by, or emitted by, the optoelectronic component. The apparatus includes an optical filter disposed directly on the transmissive adhesive. An epoxy laterally surrounds and is in contact with side surfaces of the transmissive adhesive and the optical filter. The epoxy is non-transmissive to light of a wavelength sensed by, or emitted by, the optoelectronic component. In some cases, the epoxy defines a recess directly over the optical filter to accommodate an optical component, such as an optical diffuser. Methods of fabricating the modules are disclosed as well.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate; a holding member located on the substrate, the holding member including an optical fiber holding part and a module placement part arranged in a first direction; an optical module located in the module placement part and mounted on the substrate; an optical fiber passing through the optical fiber holding part, the optical fiber being connected with the optical module; and a first leaf spring and a second leaf spring located in the optical fiber holding part, the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring holding the optical fiber between the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring in a direction crossing the first direction.

Abstract: An optical fiber interface housing includes a body having a first end and an opposite second end, a port at the first end of the body, an opening at the second end of the body; and a boot coupled with the port. The boot and the port are configured to receive a fiber optic cable containing at least one optical fiber and to permit the at least one optical fiber to pass through the body from the first end to the second end. The opening is configured to receive the at least one optical fiber and to permit the at least one optical fiber to pass through the opening and exit the body.

Abstract: A telecommunications equipment frame including a base, and two vertical uprights, and a top member; the upright members defining an upper equipment zone and a lower cable tray zone. One or more front trays are in the lower cable tray zone, and openings are provided through the frame to one or more rear trays. The equipment zone defined by the two uprights is open without cable management structure for receiving telecommunications equipment. At least one slack storage zone adjacent to the central zone includes a plurality of cable management devices for storing cable slack.

Abstract: A patch panel includes a cabinet and a cassette. A pair of cassette guides is positioned within the cabinet. The pair of cassette guides are spaced along a lateral direction such that the cassette is receivable between the pair of cassette guides. The cassette is slidable along a transverse direction on the pair of cassette guides. At least one of the pair of cassette guides includes a first rail and a second rail that are spaced apart along a vertical direction. The cassette is slidable along the transverse direction between the first and second rails. Each end of the first rail is cantilevered such that each end of the first rail is moveable along the vertical direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes an optical fiber splice closure for joining two fiber optic cables. The optical fiber splice closure comprises a strain relief assembly that securely holds the two fiber optic cables being connected, and an enclosure that houses the strain relief assembly. The configuration of the strain relief assembly allows for securing the two fiber optic cables in a compact space, thus permitting a compact enclosure of the optical fiber splice closure, while also providing quick and easy installation in the field. A method of joining fiber optic cables using the optical fiber splice closure is also disclosed. The optical fiber splice closure and ease of joining also facilitates repairing damaged fiber optic cable. A method of repairing existing fiber optic cable is disclosed.

Abstract: An optical assembly having at least a first optical element and a second optical element, both of which are arranged to be movable in a guided manner, is provided. A guide common to both optical elements is present, which provides a guide path that is common to both optical elements during the guided movement of the first optical element and during the guided movement of the second optical element.

Abstract: A lens driving device is provided, including: a cover member; a bobbin installed with at least one lens and having a coil unit arranged on an outer circumferential surface of the bobbin; a magnet arranged at a positon corresponding to that of the coil unit; first and second elastic members, where one end of each of the first and second elastic members may be respectively coupled to an upper surface and a lower surface of the bobbin and supporting movement of the bobbin in an optical axis direction; a detection unit configured to detect movement of the bobbin in a direction parallel to the optical axis direction; a damping member arranged at a connecting portion between the bobbin and the first elastic member; and a support unit provided at at least one of the bobbin and the first elastic member and maintaining an arranged position of the damping member.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from an object along an optical axis: a first lens group having a negative refractive power; a second lens group having a positive refractive power; a third lens group having a negative refractive power; a fourth lens group; and a fifth lens group. When the zoom lens performs varying magnification, the distance between the first and second lens groups changes, the distance between the second and third lens groups changes, the distance between the third and fourth lens groups changes, the distance between the fourth and fifth lens groups changes, the second and fourth lens groups move along the same trajectory along the optical axis, and at least the third lens group moves along the optical axis.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an optical imaging lens group, which sequentially includes, from an object side to an image side along an optical axis: a diaphragm; a first lens with a positive refractive power, an object-side surface thereof being a convex surface; a second lens with a refractive power; a third lens with a negative refractive power; a fourth lens with a refractive power, an object-side surface thereof being a convex surface, while an image-side surface being a concave surface; a fifth lens with a positive refractive power; and a sixth lens with a negative refractive power, an image-side surface thereof being a concave surface; wherein ? is a half of a field of view of the optical imaging lens group, and f5 is an effective focal length of the fifth lens, f5 and ? meet 0.50 mm<f5×(tan ?)2<1.00 mm.

Abstract: Eyewear including an optical element, a controller, a support structure configured to support the optical element and the controller, light sources coupled to the controller and supported by the support structure, and a diffuser positioned adjacent to the light sources and supported by the support structure, the diffuser including microstructures that diffuse light emitted by the light sources in a radial anisotropic diffusion pattern or a prism-like diffusion pattern.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods for providing custom-fitted and styled wearable items such as eyewear based on measurements made from a user-provided image that is resized using a predefined reference that includes an image of an actual wearable item. The eyewear may be provided to a user, who wears the eyewear and provides an image of the user wearing the eyewear. The user-provided images may be compared to a predefined reference (e.g., an image of the eyewear) having a known scale and/or dimension. For example, a user-provided image may be overlaid with the predefined reference and resized so that the wearable item worn by the user in the user-provided image matches (the size of) the wearable item in the predefined reference. Because the scale and/or dimensions of the predefined reference are known, one or more measurements associated with the user may be made based on the user-provided image.

Abstract: A method for preparing an ophthalmic lens to be edged based on a presentation lens, includes: fixing a first support a face of the presentation lens, the first support's shape defining a first reference point; positioning the presentation lens by the first support in an optical machine having an image sensor; acquiring, with the image sensor, an image of the presentation lens; determining, on the acquired image, the outline of the presentation lens; positioning a pupillary point relative to the outline; positioning the outline of the presentation lens relative to the ophthalmic lens so the pupillary point is superimposed on a centering point of the ophthalmic lens; and fixing a second support a face of the ophthalmic lens, the second support having a shape defining a second reference point, the second support fixed on the ophthalmic lens so its second reference point is superimposed on the first reference point.

Abstract: The method includes the steps of: providing spectacles including a template eyeglass having a mounting portion inserted in a groove of an arc and being to be replaced by a prescription eyeglass having a step-back portion with the same conformation as the mounting portion; providing a set of visible marks on the template eyeglass independently of the arc; having an outline editor providing a visualization of the template eyeglass provided with the visible marks; determining through observation of the spectacles the location—with respect to the visible marks—of points of the arc from which the template eyeglass projects; entering on the provided visualization the so determined locations of the points of the arc; and outputting from the editor the data representative of an edited outline based on the point locations so entered on the provided visualization, whereby the edited outline is the outline of the shoulder.

Abstract: Specialty contact lenses can be designed using approximations of one or both surfaces using mathematical representations. The approximations can be configured to optimize the lens manufacturing process. Constraints can be applied to the approximation to achieve the targeted results. The constraints can be assigned based at least in part on labels applied to measurements of the eye. Lens fit parameters can also be applied to control the degree to which the approximation approaches perfectly matching a targeted shape (e.g., the topography of the patient's eye). For example, the lens fit parameter can be related to the order of the mathematical representation used in the approximation. The contact lenses designed and manufactured using the methods and systems disclosed herein can be of any suitable type including, but not limited to, scleral lenses.

Abstract: An operation display device includes: a touch panel including a transparent base and an electrostatic capacitance sensor sheet, the transparent base having an operation surface in a front surface thereof to which or with which an operation body approaches or comes into contact, the sensor sheet being provided on a back surface of the transparent base to detect the approach or the contact of the operation body; a liquid crystal panel facing a back surface of the touch panel; an outer cover covering a portion of the touch panel other than a front surface of the touch panel; and a sealing member sealing a gap between the touch panel and the liquid crystal panel, the outer cover including a spacer between the touch panel and the liquid crystal panel, and the sensor sheet being not to be interposed between the transparent base and the spacer.

Abstract: A display device includes first and second common electrodes arranged in a first direction and separated from each other, a signal line located between the first and second common electrodes and extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, a pixel electrode electrically connected to the signal line and overlapping the first common electrode, a first metal line located between the first and second common electrodes and extending in the second direction, and a third common electrode arranged and extending in the second direction and separated from the first common electrode, overlapping the signal line. The first metal line is applied a predetermined voltage from plural connection portions, and includes arranged in the second direction a first line portion adjacent and electrically connected to the first common electrode and a second line portion, separated from the first line portion, and adjacent and electrically connected to the third common electrode.

Abstract: A color filter substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display panel are provided. The color filter substrate includes a color filter layer. The color filter layer includes a plurality of color resist units distributed on a base substrate, and an intersection area is defined between two adjacent color resist units. The color filter layer can be directly used as an electrode on the color filter substrate. That is, when manufacturing the color filter substrate, a step of manufacturing a conductive film layer can be omitted, thereby improving production efficiency of the color filter substrate, and meanwhile reducing production cost of the color filter substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a display panel and a display apparatus. The display panel comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate that are arranged opposite each other, wherein a display area and a frame area surrounding the display area are provided between the second substrate and the first substrate; a color resistance structure that is located in the frame area on the side of the second substrate facing the first substrate and surrounds the display area, wherein the color resistance structure comprises a first black matrix and a first color resistance portion arranged in a stacked manner; and a plurality of support bars that surround the display area, wherein each of the support bars fills a space between the color resistance structure and the first substrate.

Abstract: A head-up display unit with a picture generating unit for creating an image to be displayed as a virtual image to a viewer and an optical unit for projecting the image to be displayed towards an eyebox is disclosed. The picture generating unit comprises a liquid crystal layer, a front polarizer, a back polarizer and a reflective polarizer. The reflective polarizer is arranged upstream the front polarizer and downstream the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a color separation element configured to disperse light from a light source and to emit, to the display panel, a plurality of rays of separated light with wavelengths different from each other, and an outer adhesive portion that bonds a side surface of the display panel and the color separation element to each other over an entire perimeter of the display panel.

Abstract: According to an aspect, an optical element includes: a first substrate including a first electrode; a second substrate stacked on the first substrate and including a second electrode; a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate; a sealing member extending along an outer periphery of the liquid crystal layer; a first spacer provided on an inner side of the sealing member; and a conductive column provided on an outer side of the sealing member and electrically connecting the first electrode and the second electrode. The conductive column and the first spacer include the same material.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first area, second area, liquid crystal layer, and a plurality of pixels. Each subpixel includes an opening area including a first opening area and a second opening area. The pixels include a first pixel positioned in the first area and a second pixel positioned over a boundary of the first area and the second area. The opening area of the second pixel is smaller than the opening area of the first pixel when opening areas of subpixels of same color are compared. An each imaginary line showing the boundary of the first opening area and the second opening area is a same straight line.

Abstract: The present application discloses a display panel and a display device, which include a plurality of sub-pixels, and each of sub-pixel includes a first pixel electrode with a first pixel voltage and a second pixel electrode with a second pixel voltage; when the sub-pixels are in a low-gray-scale state, the second pixel voltage and the first pixel voltage have a first ratio; when the sub-pixels are in a high-gray-scale state, the second pixel voltage and the first pixel voltage have a second ratio, and the second ratio is greater than the first ratio.

Abstract: A display comprises a polarised output spatial light modulator, switchable liquid crystal retarder, absorbing polariser and touch panel electrodes. The electrodes of the switchable liquid crystal retarder shield the touch panel electrodes from the electrical noise of the spatial light modulator addressing. The touch panel control and sensing may be synchronised with the driving signal of the switchable liquid crystal retarder. The touch panel may be operated independently of the timing of the data addressing of the spatial light modulator.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a first panel. The first panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, and a first signal line. The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first transparent electrode is disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The second transparent electrode is disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The first signal line is electrically connected to the first transparent electrode and extending along a first direction. The impedance of the first signal line is less than the impedance of the first transparent electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a display panel and a manufacturing method thereof, a display device and a spliced display device. The display panel includes: a color filter substrate (11), an array substrate (12) and a first conductive portion (13), where a display region (AA) and a peripheral region (NA) are formed on the display panel, and the peripheral region (NA) surrounds the display region (AA); the array substrate (12) includes pixel circuits and a second conductive portion (14), where the pixel circuits are located in the display region (AA), and the second conductive portion (14) is located in the peripheral region (NA); the second conductive portion (14) is connected with the pixel circuits; the first conductive portion (13) is located on a side surface of the array substrate (12) and a side surface of the color filter substrate (11), and the first conductive portion (13) is connected with the second conductive portion (14).

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposed to the first substrate. The first substrate includes an insulating substrate, a switching element located on the insulating substrate and having a relay electrode, an organic insulating film covering the switching element and having a first through-hole penetrating to the relay electrode, a pixel electrode being in contact with the relay electrode via the first through-hole, a first capacitance insulating film covering the pixel electrode, a filler having an insulation property filled in at least the first through-hole and located on the pixel electrode and the first capacitance insulating film, and a common electrode covering the filler.

Abstract: A pixel unit includes: a first insulating layer; a first pixel electrode located on a first side of the first insulating layer and including a plurality of first electrode strips; a common electrode located on the first side of the first insulating layer and including a plurality of second electrode strips, the second electrode strips and the first electrode strips being sequentially and alternately arranged in a first direction, and slits each being disposed between a second electrode strip in the second electrode strips and a first electrode strip in the first electrode strips that are adjacent to each other; and a second pixel electrode located on a second side of the first insulating layer. The second side of the first insulating to layer is opposite to the first side of the first insulating layer. The second pixel electrode is overlapped with at least a region where the slits are located.

Abstract: An electrochromic polymer with polar side chains is disclosed. The viscosity of the electrochromic polymer is controllable by adjusting a ratio between polar side chains and alkyl side chains for forming the electrochromic polymer. The disclosed electrochromic polymer with polar side chains can be also made into a film with a controllable thickness by coating.

Abstract: A semiconductor Mach-Zehnder optical modulator includes input-side lead-out lines, phase modulation electrode lines, and electrodes that apply modulation signals propagating through the phase modulation electrode lines to waveguides, respectively. The semiconductor Mach-Zehnder optical modulator further includes a conductive layer between a substrate and the waveguides, a plurality of first wiring layers connected to the conductive layer, and a second wiring layer that connects an electrode pad and the plurality of first wiring layers.

Abstract: An anti-glare apparatus includes a lens assembly having an incident side, the lens assembly including a layer of liquid crystal molecules, a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode respectively on both sides of the layer of the liquid crystal molecules, the first driving electrode or the second driving electrode including a plurality of sub-electrodes; a reflective layer on a side of the lens assembly opposite from the incident side; a camera, configured to acquire a human eye's position and acquire an intensity signal of incident light irradiating the incident side of the lens assembly; and a controller electrically connected to the first driving electrode, the second driving electrode, and the camera; where the controller is configured to adjust driving voltages of the sub-electrode based on the intensity signal of the incident light acquire by the camera to change the optical axis direction of the lens assembly.

Abstract: A method may comprise: generating an optical frequency comb; applying a filter in a first configuration to the generated optical frequency comb to select a first frequency of the optical frequency comb, wherein, in the first configuration, the first frequency aligns with a first pass-band of the filter, and a second frequency of the optical frequency comb does not align with a second pass-band of the filter; altering the filter to a second configuration to shift the first pass-band and the second pass-band to a shifted first pass-band and a shifted second pass-band; and applying the altered filter to the generated optical frequency comb to select the second frequency of the optical frequency comb, wherein the second frequency aligns with the shifted second pass-band of the filter, and the first frequency of the optical frequency comb does not align with the shifted first pass-band of the filter.