Abstract: An ink container includes a storage section configured to store an ink, a supply tube configured to supply the ink stored in the storage section to a printer, a sealing member disposed in the supply tube, and a holding member configured to hold the sealing member. The holding member is detachably attached to the supply tube and has an indication that indicates that a refilling operation was performed.

Abstract: There is provided an ink-jet printer including: an ink tank including an ink inlet; a cap; and a cover configured to be movable with respect to the ink inlet between a closed position and an open position. The cover includes an inner surface configured to face the ink inlet under a condition that the cover is in the closed position, and a rib provided at the inner surface. The rib is configured to face a part of the cap, in which the cap is sealed the ink inlet under the condition that the cover is in the closed position and the rib is configured to abut against the part of the cap under a condition that the cap is not appropriately sealed the inlet when the cover moving from the open position to the closed position, thereby the cover being prevented from reaching the closed position.

Abstract: A memory stores manufacturing information including at least the number of refills, an electronic signature of the manufacturing information, and a first error-detecting code of the manufacturing information. The number of refills is the number of times that, after consumption of a liquid contained in the cartridge, the cartridge is refilled with the liquid.

Abstract: A flow passage member includes: a supply flow passage through which liquid flows; a filter provided on a path of the supply flow passage, the liquid being configured to pass through the filter; a fixing member which constitutes a part of the supply flow passage and to which the filter is fixed; and a first member which constitutes a part of the supply flow passage and to which the fixing member is fixed; wherein the fixing member is made of thermoplastic resin, and the first member is made of any of thermosetting resin, metal, and ceramic.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting device includes a flow path member, an actuator, a pump, and a controller. The flow path member includes a flow path configured to direct flow of a pseudoplastic liquid through the flow path member. The actuator is configured to cause droplets to be ejected. The pump is configured to cause the liquid to flow sequentially through a supply reservoir, a plurality of supply manifolds, a plurality of supply flow paths, and a plurality of pressure chambers. The controller is configured to adjust a flow rate of the liquid to a prescribed target flow rate. The flow path has a flow path shape in which an average viscosity of the liquid in the plurality of supply flow paths is less than or equal to half an average viscosity of the liquid in the plurality of supply manifolds when the flow rate is equal to the target flow rate.

Abstract: To perform appropriate printing on a workpiece moving along a three-dimensional movement path. A laser marking apparatus includes: a laser light output section; a laser light scanning section; a print data generation section; a marking control section; and a print pattern correction section that corrects a print pattern received by an input interface based on movement path information related to a movement path of a workpiece moving with a change in a posture in a three-dimensional space. The print data generation section generates print data based on the print pattern corrected by the print pattern correction section.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes: a motor; a printing mechanism; a print processor; a connector; a substrate that transmits a signal received via the connector to the print processor, the print processor and the connector being mounted on the substrate; a plurality of metal plates that separate the substrate from the motor. The metal plates surround the substrate. The cable is coupled to the connector via a through-hole. The through-hole is covered with a metal cover.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion that forms an image on a medium, a casing that houses the image forming portion, a power operating portion for use in switching on and off the main power source of the image forming apparatus, and a touch operation portion for use in inputting operations on the image forming apparatus. Assuming that a direction in which the casing faces a user when the touch operation portion is used is a front-to-back direction, the power operating portion is disposed at a one side in a lateral direction crossing the front-to-back direction at a front of the casing in the front-to-back direction, and the touch operation portion is disposed at an other side at the front of the casing in the front-to-back direction.

Abstract: A medium-transport apparatus includes: an apparatus main body having the transport path for transporting the medium; and a cover CV provided on the side surface of the apparatus main body and configured to be switched between a first state of exposing the transport path and a second state of covering the transport path. The cover CV is divided into: a first cover that has the rotation shaft along a Z-axis and is rotatable with respect to the apparatus main body; and a second cover that is arranged on a ?Z side of the first cover, has the rotation shaft along a Y-axis on the Z-side, and is rotatable with respect to the apparatus main body.

Abstract: When at least a part of a cleaning region is located downstream of a contact position where a cleaner is in contact with a transport belt in a normal rotation direction of the transport belt during cleaning of a cleaning region, the control portion can perform cleaning position adjustment control to reversely rotate the transport belt so that an entire of the cleaning region is located upstream of the contact position in the normal rotation direction, before the cleaner is switched from a separation state to a contact state.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a controller of an image forming apparatus collects data relating to maintenance of the image forming apparatus. If failing to collect data, the controller confirms a cause of the collection failure and sets, if the cause of the collection failure is an interruption of a print job, an image forming job as a held job. Subsequently, the controller resumes the collection of the maintenance data that the controller has failed to collect.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate treating apparatus. The inventive concept includes a support unit having a plate that supports a calibration board, on which a plurality of alignment marks are displayed, a first vision unit configured such that a relative location with respect to the plate is changeable, and that photographs the calibration board, and a second vision unit that photographs the calibration board in a scheme that is different from that of the first vision unit.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes an ejecting head and a camera unit for acquiring a state of the ejecting head, in which the camera unit includes a camera for imaging an object, a housing in which the camera is housed and which includes an opening on an imaging path that couples the camera and the object, and an opening/closing member, the opening/closing member includes a reference chart serving as a reference for adjustment of the camera and a chart cover, in a first mode, the opening/closing member brings the opening into a closed state, and the chart cover covers the reference chart, in a second mode, the opening/closing member brings the opening into an open state, and the chart cover covers the reference chart, and in a third mode, the opening/closing member brings the opening into the closed state, and the chart cover does not cover the reference chart.

Abstract: A machine for inkjet decoration of ceramic manufactured articles, comprising a basic frame; one supporting surface having a surface to be decorated, where the supporting surface is movable along a direction; a plurality of printing heads each provided with a plurality of nozzles substantially aligned with each other along a relevant line of action and adapted to dispense ink along a relevant direction of dispensing, each of the heads defining a respective range of action on the surface to be decorated, wherein the heads comprise a fixed head(s) and a swivel head(s), and comprises a plurality of groups of heads, where each of the groups comprises a plurality of rows of heads arranged parallel to each other along a direction transverse to the direction, the heads of each of the rows being staggered with respect to the heads of the adjacent row belonging to the same group.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a printing head; an airflow generating unit; a first flow path that includes a one-side end coupled to the airflow generating unit and an another-side end coupled to a first discharge port and through which the airflow passes; and a peeling unit configured to partially peel the label from the base sheet. When, the label partially peeled from the base sheet by the peeling unit, at least a portion of a peeled portion peeled from the base sheet is at a position not overlapping with the peeling unit in plan view and a non-peeled portion not peeled from the base sheet is in a state of overlapping with the peeling unit in plan view, the first discharge port is disposed at such a position that the airflow outputted from the first discharge port hits the back surface of the peeled portion.

Abstract: A composition for producing a laser-inscribable identification tag for attachment to an assembly to be identified includes: a polymeric plastic; and a filler. The filler comprises graphene particles, barium particles, and/or barium sulfate particles. In an embodiment, the polymeric plastic includes polypropylene, polyethylene, PVC, TPU, TPE, TPV, PP/PA, polyketone, PA, ABS, PET, and/or PMMA.

Abstract: A thermosensitive recording medium 100 includes a support 50, and a first thermosensitive coloring layer 10, a first intermediate layer 15, and a second thermosensitive coloring layer 20 disposed on the support 50 in descending order of distance from the support 50. The first thermosensitive coloring layer 10 and the second thermosensitive coloring layer 20 each contain an electron-donating dye precursor, an electron-accepting compound, a radical-polymerizable compound, and a photoradical polymerization initiator, and the first intermediate layer 15 contains a UV absorber.

Abstract: [PROBLEM] To provide a packaging and a display material which permit printing in distinct fashion by a laser, and which are of high transparency. [SOLUTION MEANS] A display material having at least one layer permitting printing as a result of laser irradiation, the display material being such that the printing occurs due to change in color caused by the laser irradiation in at least one region of said layer; when a digital microscope is used to carry out cross-sectional observation of said printed region and a nonprinted region, a significant difference in at least any one of RGB values indicating color elements is observed; and thickness of said printed region is not less than 5 ?m but not greater than 200 ?m.

Abstract: A sheet of material that is marked with a pulsed laser, the sheet of material having an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core. The distance from the outer edge to the inner edge is the sheet thickness. The sheet of material has a total concentration of TiO2 of less than about 1.00%. There is an exterior layer beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core, the thickness of the exterior layer is from about 10.00% to about 40.00% of the sheet thickness, and the exterior layer has an average concentration of from about 2.50% to about 10.00% TiO2.

Abstract: A security device is disclosed, including: a substrate having opposing first and second surfaces; on the first surface of the substrate, a surface relief structure formed of one or more cured, at least semi-transparent material(s); and on the second surface of the substrate, a print layer. In at least a first region of the security device in at least part of which the substrate is transparent or translucent, the surface relief structure and the print layer are each defined in accordance with a common image and are in alignment with one another, the surface relief structure exhibiting a first set of feature(s) of the common image and the print layer exhibiting a second set of feature(s) of the common image. The common image is exhibited by the surface relief structure and the print layer in combination with one another and the surface relief structure provides tactility to the common image.

Abstract: A security device (1) comprising an optically transparent layer (3) including a repeating first array of separate optical focussing elements (3) (e.g. having translational symmetry) wherein a pitch distance between repeated elements in the first array is a first pitch value (A). The device also includes a repeating second array of separate image elements (6) (e.g. having translational symmetry) collectively defining an image viewable through the first part. The device is structured such that a pitch distance between repeated or successive elements in the second array is a second pitch value (B) wherein the ratio (A/B) of the first pitch value and the second pitch value has a value, A/B=n±?, that differs from a positive integer value, n, according to an absolute difference, ?, not exceeding 0.01 and not less than 0.001.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an article comprising fluorescence marker particles, wherein the fluorescence marker particles are distributed throughout the volume of the article or in a portion of the volume of the article and the fluorescence marker particles are present in a random distribution; the volume in which the fluorescence marker particles are distributed comprises a sub-volume; the sub-volume contains at least a portion of the fluorescence marker particles; the sub-volume is at least partially permeable to electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the visible range and/or in the near infrared range and/or in the UVA range; and/or a portion of the surface of the sub-volume is identical to a portion of the surface of the article; and a method of identifying it.

Abstract: System of flip-book binding components, and preferable adaptation tool, for creating a plurality of different size thicknesses of flip book bindings, comprising a threaded screw having an initial length and having a screw head end and an initial threaded tip end, the screw comprising at least one designated intermediate break area to facilitate optional modification of the screw to a different threaded length with a different resulting threaded tip end, the system further comprising a threaded cap nut adapted for threaded receipt and retention of one of the initial threaded tip end and the optional resulting threaded tip end to enable binding of a plurality of given flip book size thicknesses.

Abstract: This application is related to a fiber-bundled part for writing instruments having excellent strength and durability, as well as a pen tip and a writing instrument using the fiber-bundled part, which can be suitably used for pen tips, ink feed cores and relay cores of writing instruments such as marking pens and felt-tip pens. The fiber-bundled part for writing instruments of the present disclosure is used for the ink feed core leading to the pen tip or a writing pen core, and comprises a multifilament of long fibers having different melting points, and the multifilament at least contain crimped fibers.

Abstract: A multi-posture bedside writing pen includes a pen shell, a pen tip holder, a fiber rod and a fiber ink storage tube. The fiber ink storage tube is connected with the pen shell and located in the pen shell. The pen tip holder is connected with one end of the pen shell. The pen tip holder is axially provided with a through hole. The fiber rod is inserted into the through hole, one end of the fiber rod is exposed outside the pen tip holder, and an other end of the fiber rod is inserted into the fiber ink storage tube. A first gap is provided between the pen tip holder and the fiber ink storage tube.

Abstract: Provided is a container having a container body, a bail attached to the container body, and a flexible band attached to a rear of the container body. The flexible band has a first end attached to the rear of the container proximate a top of the rear and a second end attached to the rear of the container body proximate a bottom of the rear. The flexible band is movable between a first position spaced a first distance from the rear, a second position spaced a second distance from the rear less than the first distance to allow the container body and the bail to be grasped at the rear without interference by the flexible band, and a third position spaced a third distance from the rear greater than the first distance to provide space for a user's hand between the rear of the container body and the flexible band.

Abstract: A wheel with flexible spokes, including a rim and hub, and spokes between the rim and hub made of fibrous material that causes the spokes to be both lighter in weight and stronger than comparable steel spokes. The spokes are also flexible and resilient such that they can bend while retaining their integrity and strength.

Abstract: A hub device is provided, including: a hub shell, defining an axial direction, including a room and a projection, the room having an opening open in the axial direction, an inner wall of the room being integrally connected with the projection, the room further including an annular toothed portion, the projection projecting radially within the room; and a ratchet ring, including an outer toothed portion and an engaging slot corresponding to the projection, the ratchet ring being disposing in the room, the outer toothed portion being engaged with the annular toothed portion so that the ratchet ring is rotatable with the hub shell, the engaging slot being disposed on the ratchet ring, the projection being engaged radially within the engaging slot and abutted radially against the hub shell.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a one-piece wheel by forging includes: producing an integral forging comprising: a disc portion, a rim portion, and an annular protrusion protruding from one side of the disc portion in a forging method; producing an outer bend by bending the annular protrusion through a flow-forming process; and forming a hollow portion by welding one end of the outer bend to one side of the rim portion.

Abstract: A wheel anti-theft apparatus includes a base plate and an outer plate. The base plate includes a locking pin and stud holes, and the outer plate includes lug nut security sleeves and a locking pin receiver. Studs located on a vehicle plate on a vehicle are inserted through the stud holes of the base plate. A wheel is then placed on the base plate with the studs extending through the stud holes of the wheel. The locking pin extends through the center of the wheel. Lug nuts are screwed onto the studs to secure the wheel onto the vehicle plate and the base plate. The outer plate is placed on the wheel. The lug nut security sleeves fit over the lugs nuts and the locking pin is disposed in the locking pin receiver.

Abstract: A tire comprises a tread portion having a tread surface and buttress surfaces. The buttress surfaces have inclinations such that the tread edges shift axially outwards as the tread portion is worn off. The tread rubber includes a radially outermost first rubber layer and a radially inner second rubber layer. The loss tangent ?2 of the second rubber layer is larger than the loss tangent ?1 of the first rubber layer. One of or each of the buttress surfaces is provided with an outer lateral groove. The outer lateral groove is located axially outside the tread edge when the tire is new, and when the tread portion is worn off and the tread edge shifts axially outward, the outer lateral groove is at least partially located axially inward of the tread edge.

Abstract: A pneumatic vehicle tire, in particular utility vehicle tire, having a tread which has a directional profiling with shoulder-side and middle profile ribs running in a circumferential direction, wherein at least one of the middle profile ribs (1), which is in particular a profile rib running along the tire equator, is traversed in an axial direction by sipes (4) with a width (b1) of 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm, each of which has a central portion (4a), in which the sipe (4) runs with an undulation in the direction of extent thereof, and two lateral portions (4b). The sipes (4) extend, in plan view, in an arc shape and symmetrically with respect to the centerline of the profile rib (1), and, in the lateral portions (4b) and in the central portion (4a), have a uniform undulation running in the radial direction, on which the undulation present in the extent direction of the sipes (4) is superposed only in the central portion (4a) of the sipe (4).

Abstract: A tire includes a mounting direction indicator that indicates a tire mounting direction with respect to a vehicle. The tire includes a first circumferential groove and a second circumferential groove extending intermittently or continuously in a tire circumferential direction. Additionally, the second circumferential groove is located further on an inner side than the first circumferential groove in a vehicle width direction in a state in which the tire is mounted on a vehicle. Additionally, a groove volume V1 of the first circumferential groove and a groove volume V2 of the second circumferential groove have the relationship V1<V2.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including a first block line in which a plurality of first blocks sectioned by main grooves and lateral grooves are arranged in a tire circumferential direction on a tread, the plurality of lateral grooves includes first lateral grooves extending inclined with respect to a tire width direction and second lateral grooves inclined in an opposite direction to the first lateral grooves with respect to the tire width direction, the first and second lateral grooves are alternately arranged, the first block includes a first sipe extending while being inclined to the tire width direction, a second sipe inclined in an opposite direction to the first sipe with respect to the tire width direction, and a first connecting portion connecting ends of the first sipe and the second sipe, and the first connecting portion is formed by a recessed portion shallower than the first sipe and the second sipe.

Abstract: A motorcycle tire has a tread portion. The tread portion has a ground contact surface curved in an arc shape convex outward in a tire radial direction. The ground contact surface includes a central region and a first outer region. The ground contact surface has oblique grooves each including a portion inclined with respect to a tire circumferential direction. Each of the oblique grooves extends across the central region and the first outer region. Each of the oblique grooves includes a vertical groove portion extending at an angle ? of 20 degrees or less with respect to the tire circumferential direction. A minimum distance in a tire axial direction along the ground contact surface between the vertical groove portion and an outer edge of the central region is 30% or less of a maximum width in the tire axial direction of the central region along the ground contact surface.

Abstract: A tire is configured to rotate about an axis of rotation. The tire includes a tread block forming part of a tread of the tire and a circuit having a primary capacitive component. At least a part of the primary capacitive component is arranged a first distance from the tread and inside the tread block and a primary inductive component of which at least a part is arranged a second distance towards the interior of the tire from the tread. The tire includes an interrogator having an electric source, a communication circuit, and a secondary inductive component. The secondary inductive component is arranged on the same side of the tread as the primary inductive component and part of the secondary inductive component is arranged a third distance from the tread, the third distance being greater than the second distance. A method arranges a wear indicator on a tire.

Abstract: A tire pressure and location monitoring system includes N tire pressure sensors associated with N tires of a vehicle, where N is an integer greater than one. A tire pressure and location monitoring system is configured to communicate with the N tire pressure sensors, store a tire rotation map, and determine whether new locations of the N tires, including the N tire pressure sensors, on the vehicle are correct after a tire rotation is performed based on the tire rotation map.

Abstract: A tire with a built-in antenna includes a radio wave transmissive resin filled in the tire and an antenna arranged in the radio wave transmissive resin, and the antenna transmits a radar wave when an antenna surface of the tire facing a radiation surface of the antenna comes into contact with a ground surface.

Abstract: A contour CL of a carcass 12 includes a curved portion 44 and an inversely curved portion 46. A boundary between the curved portion 44 and the inversely curved portion 46 is an inflection point PV. A part or an entirety of the curved portion 44 is represented by a first arc. A part or an entirety of the inversely curved portion 46 is represented by a second arc. The first arc and the second arc are tangent to each other at the inflection point PV. A ratio (X/W) of a distance X in an axial direction to a distance W in the axial direction is not less than 70% and not greater than 85%. A ratio (Y/H) of a distance Y in a radial direction to a distance H in the radial direction is not less than 15% and not greater than 22%.

Abstract: A wheel assembly that includes an outer rim assembly with a first outer rim portion, a second outer rim portion, and a plurality of outer cross members extending between the first and second outer rim portions, a tire assembly secured to the outer rim assembly, and at least a first bump stop assembly. The tire assembly includes an outer main body portion that includes first and second outer side wall portions and an outer contact portion extending transversely between the first and second outer side wall portions. The first bump stop assembly includes a first inner rim portion, a second inner rim portion and an inner main body portion. The inner main body portion includes first and second inner side wall portions and an inner contact portion extending transversely between the first and second inner side wall portions. The inner contact portion is coupled to the outer contact portion.

Abstract: A hitch system includes an upper hitch portion that is configured to couple to a trailer coupler portion and to a vehicle coupler portion to provide multiple degrees of rotational freedom as well as longitudinal coupling for towing the trailer by the vehicle. A weight distributing lower hitch portion couples to the upper hitch portion about a transverse axis. The weight distributing lower hitch portion includes spring bars extending to rearward points on a frame of the trailer between a tongue of the trailer and the axle of the trailer. The upper hitch portion and lower hitch portion are biased away from each other and hence bias the spring bars away from the trailer frame. The spring bars may then be coupled to the trailer frame by using respective levers to transfer weight distribution.

Abstract: A folding trailer hitch is provided. The hitch includes a pair of bracket sidewalls each having two parallel columns of indexing holes. A hitch plate is included having a ball mount portion and an indexing portion. The indexing portion includes an upper indexing channel extending from an upper opening in a first side of the indexing portion to an upper opening in a second side of the indexing portion. The indexing portion also includes a lower indexing channel parallel to the first indexing channel and extending from a lower opening in a first side of the indexing portion to a lower opening in a second side of the indexing portion.

Abstract: A vehicle drivetrain device, configured to be mounted between a vehicle frame and a wheel axle of a vehicle, comprises a driving assembly and a shock absorber, connected to the vehicle frame and the driving assembly. The driving assembly comprises a transmitting mechanism, pivotally connected to the vehicle frame and connected to the wheel axle, and a driving mechanism mounted at a side of the transmitting mechanism and outputting power to the wheel axle through the transmitting mechanism. The driving assembly of the vehicle drivetrain device possesses functions of a rear rocker arm and provides power. Therefore, a space between the vehicle frame and the wheel axle can be used efficiently, and the occupancy of a usable space below the vehicle frame is decreased. Furthermore, the transmitting mechanism can be directly connected to the wheel axle by a gear set, simplifying a total structure, thereby lowering the cost.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic vehicle suspension tuning system. The system has a control module to receive user input, an ECU with a processor and a memory, one or more road condition sensors, and one or more controllable suspension system components. The ECU controls the adjustments of the controllable suspension system component in response to user input to the control module as well as input from the road condition sensors during operation of the vehicle. A method of tuning a controllable suspension system component is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a control device of a vehicle, comprising: a detector configured to detect acceleration in a front-and-rear direction generated in the vehicle; and an estimation unit configured to calculate a braking force of the entire vehicle and a pitch angle of the vehicle based on the acceleration detected by the detector, and estimate an amount of nose dive of the vehicle during braking of the vehicle based on the calculated braking force of the entire vehicle and the calculated pitch angle of the vehicle.

Abstract: A control system (300) configured to control an active suspension system (104) of a vehicle (100), the control system comprising one or more controller (301), wherein the control system is configured to: determine (702) that the vehicle is travelling on or approaching repeating surface undulations; determine (709) vehicle speed; determine (708) an indication of surface wavelength of the repeating surface undulations; and control (722, 728) the active suspension system to control at least one of a leading wheel suspension frequency and a trailing wheel suspension frequency in dependence on the vehicle speed and surface wavelength.

Abstract: A control arm system is provided. The system includes an upper control arm, a lower control arm longer than the upper control arm, a spindle, and a bracket coupled to a frame. The upper control arm and the lower control arm are coupled between the bracket and the spindle. A pivot point of the upper control arm and the bracket is closer to the spindle than a pivot point of the lower control arm and the bracket. The control arm system is moveable between a compressed position and an extended position with a neutral position between the compressed position and the extended position. A tire coupled to the spindle is rotated into a negative camber orientation when the control arm system is in a compressed position or in an extended position. A track width is maintained in the compressed, neutral, and extended positions.

Abstract: A tandem axle suspension system includes a first leaf spring having a first eye end and a second eye end, a second leaf spring having a third eye end and a fourth eye end and an assembly for converting double eye leaf springs of a tandem axle suspension system into slipper springs. That assembly includes a keeper including a first guide track and a second guide track, a first follower adapted for receipt of the first eye end and sliding movement along the first guide track and a second follower adapted for receipt of the third eye end and sliding movement along the second guide track.

Abstract: A ball joint assembly for control arm. The ball joint assembly has an upper portion with a ball socket and stud centered about a first centerline. A radial extension that is connected to the upper portion supports a mounting body with a second centerline and an outer diameter that fits within an aperture in the control arm. A threaded shaft depends from the mounting body and receives a nut to tighten against the control arm until the first centerline of the ball joint assembly is fixed in a desired position.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes a high-temperature side heating medium circuit, a low-temperature side heating medium circuit, a device heating medium circuit, a circuit connection portion and a circuit switch unit. The circuit switch unit switches between an operation mode in which a heating medium that passed through the low-temperature side heating medium circuit is circulated through any one of the high-temperature side heating medium circuit and the device heating medium circuit via the circuit connection portion and an operation mode in which the high-temperature side heating medium circuit, the low-temperature side heating medium circuit, and the device heating medium circuit are connected via the circuit connection portion, and the heating medium is circulated through a heat generation device, a device heat exchange unit, a heating unit, and a heater core.