Abstract: In a press area, a wet paper is pressed against a heating surface to heat the wet paper with a conveying surface to conveying the wet paper to form a pressure regulating gap between the heating surface and the conveying surface. The pressure regulating gap is provided in a size less than a thickness of the wet paper and more than a thickness of recycled paper to be produced therefrom.

Abstract: A drying device having a travel path along which a web (W) of paper travels, a plurality of drying ovens arranged side by side along the travel path, a plurality of conveyor rolls provided in each of the drying ovens to convey the web (W) along the travel path, a plurality of roll units each constituted by one or more of the conveyor rolls and separated from each other along the travel path, and a plurality of conveyor motors connected to the respective roll units to rotate the conveyor rolls, wherein a downstream one of the roll units with respect to the travel path is rotated at a lower rotating speed than an upstream one of the roll units.

Abstract: A laminating device for composite material includes a laser device, a hot roller assembly which has a first hot roller and a second hot roller, a cool roller assembly which has a first cool roller and a second cool roller, an axial roller-driving unit and a spring force-adjusting unit. The laser device provides a laser beam onto laminating surfaces of two separate composite materials prior to the hot roller assembly. The axial roller-driving unit drives the first hot roller and the second hot roller, and the first cool roller and the second cool roller, to undergo relative movement in a first direction. The spring force-adjusting unit provides spring forcing to the first hot roller and the second hot roller, and the first cool roller and the second cool roller, to ensure further the lamination of the two composite materials.

Abstract: In a method at the end of the drying section of a paper machine, drying cylinders (1, 2) are arranged in two substantially horizontal cylinder rows, wherein the first drying cylinders (1) are placed substantially higher than the second drying cylinders (2). In the method, the web (W) to be dried is conveyed alternately between the cylinder rows of the drying cylinders (1, 2). Further in the method, the transfer of the web (W) between the drying cylinders (1, 2) is supported by a wire run arrangement, and the web is guided after the last drying cylinder (1, 2) of the drying section (A) by a transfer arrangement in between the rolls of a pair of rolls in the calender section (B) of the paper machine.

Abstract: A calender for manufacturing a material web. A frame is supported at the top and bottom. At least five rolls are mounted on the frame such that axes of the rolls lie in a substantially common plane extending substantially parallel to the frame. The common plane extends at an acute angle relative to a horizontal plane.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the manufacture of SC-A paper having a high gloss and high smoothness, wherein the paper arriving from the paper machine is supplied on-line to a supercalender (multinip soft calender), and wherein the paper travels through a plurality of nips for achieving the desired gloss and smoothness properties. The paper web arriving from the paper machine and supplied on-line to a supercalender (multinip soft calender) is moistened with steam immediately prior to the first nip of the supercalender and is guided through the first nip before the increased moisture of the surface resulting from the application of steam has dropped below a predetermined value in the range of 12% to 25%.

Abstract: A heat transfer system in which a continuous web of material (13, 14) is carried past a hot plate surface (12) with one face of the web in contact therewith, and a series of fluid-filled vessels (15) above the web to apply a load on the upper surface thereof to maintain uniform contact between the web and the hot plate surface irrespective of any undulation thereof. A transport section to convey the web past the hot plate surface comprises upper and lower traction belts (16, 17) disposed entirely beyond the end of the hot plate surface (12) with a fixed plate (18) beneath the lower belt (17) and a series of fluid-filled vessels (19) above the upper belt (16) which serve to maintain adequate drive contact between the belts (16, 17) and the web (13, 14).

Abstract: A method of and apparatus (10) for compacting harvested crop or fiber (30) such as wool or hay; the method comprising applying a mechanical compacting force to the crop or fiber at the same time as or immediately after subjecting the crop or fiber to an elevated temperature above a base reference temperature and/or an elevated moisture content condition above a base reference moisture content condition whereby the crop or fiber (30) is compressed to a compressed state of predetermined density using less compacting force than would otherwise be the case. The method and apparatus can also be applied to control moisture content and certain other storage characteristics through utilization of compaction apparatus (10) on its own or in conjunction with a pre-processor (35) or post-processor (36) or both.