Abstract: A doctor blade (5, 7) for contact with an anilox roller (15) comprises a flat, elongate base element having a thickness of less than about 0.3 mm, which, along a longitudinal region of the doctor blade adapted for contact with said anilox roller, is provided with a coating (43). The coating comprises a metal matrix and at least about 65% by weight of one or more ceramic(s). The coating comprises 0 to 65% by weight of chromium carbide. An inking arrangement comprises an anilox roller and a doctor blade. A doctor blade is used in flexographic printing.

Abstract: A gravure printing unit is usable for printing onto substrate according to a gravure printing method. The gravure printing unit has a forme cylinder, which comprises, on its circumference, an image-forming pattern of recesses, and has an inking unit for inking the pattern of recesses provided on the forme cylinder. The inking unit comprises a first inking unit cylinder, which comprises recesses in a region of its outer cylindrical surface that correspond to the recesses on the forme cylinder, and which form a nip point downstream with a second inking unit cylinder, which comprises, on its circumference, ink-transferring elevations or raised areas. The recesses are formed on the outer cylindrical surface of an ink transfer forme sheath.

Abstract: In a general aspect, a coating blade for application of coating color to a fibrous web can include an elongate substrate having a longitudinal edge. Within an operating zone of the coating blade intended for contact with a coating color, the elongate substrate can include a longitudinal wear-resistant deposit adjacent to the longitudinal edge. The coating blade, within the operating zone, can also include a longitudinal masking deposit adjoining the longitudinal wear-resistant deposit.

Abstract: A die head apparatus is provided with a front blade, a rear blade, a center blade, and an internal impurity removal space. The front blade and the center blade are configured to form a pool of a slurry. The internal impurity removal space is positioned between the center blade and the rear blade. A distance separating the rear blade and the substrate is set to be smaller than the distance separating the center blade and the substrate.

Abstract: An automatic processing device of a carbon fiber tube includes a polishing device, a washing device, a first drying device, a printing device, a painting device and a second drying device centrally disposed along an identical axis in sequence to form an automatic production line. The polishing device includes feeding mechanisms disposed on two sides of a frame respectively and a positioning-polishing mechanism disposed between the feeding mechanisms. The printing device includes a supporting mechanism and a rolling-printing mechanism mounted on the frame. The disclosure aims at providing an automatic processing device of a carbon fiber tube and a processing method thereof, combining the polishing device, the printing device and the painting device as a whole. Separate processes such as polishing, printing and painting of the conventional carbon fiber tube are integrated to achieve the automatic production in the production line, which can significantly speed up the schedule.

Abstract: A doctor blade holder and adjustment mechanism that may be utilized with a flexographic printing system. The doctor blade holder and adjustment mechanism may utilize a constant displacement of the doctor blade against an anilox roller, rather than a constant force, to reduce ink build up on the back side of the doctor blade, and subsequently, intermittent dropping of the accumulated ink onto the post-shearing side of the anilox roller (“spitting”). The doctor blade holder and adjustment mechanism may provide adjustability of a combination of doctor blade pressure, angle and displacement.

Abstract: A cleaning subsystem for a variable data lithography system includes a cleaning roller train having a cleaning member in physical contact with an imaging member such that residual ink remaining on the imaging member, such as following transfer of an inked latent image from the imaging member to a substrate, adheres to the cleaning member through cohesion and is thereby removed from the imaging member. The cleaning roller train uses the ink-splitting mechanics to remove, transport and collect the ink waste. The key cleaning roller train is a thin but uniform layer of ink on the cleaning member that contacts the imaging member causing removal on the residual ink through cohesion.

Abstract: A printer's form for transferring a flowable printing substance onto a printing material to be printed on includes a body having a surface, which surface has a plurality of openings, a plurality of cavities in the body, which cavities end in the openings of the surface of the body and contain gas, wherein each cavity is bounded by a wall, which adjoins the opening and surrounds the cavity, and devices associated with each cavity for producing an overpressure in the cavity in question. At least parts of the surface of the body and/or the wall surfaces of the walls of at least some cavities include a first wall region, which is near the opening and which is composed of a surface that can be wetted with the printing substance.

Abstract: A sealing blade includes opposite elongated edges (30, 31) and between them a flat (32) and which is adaptable to a blade holder (17) arranged in a coating applicator (25) of a coating device (21) and into contact with a moving surface (11?). The sealing blade has a contact surface (33), which may be arranged against the moving surface and which is 5-15% of the width (W) of the sealing blade (10).

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes: a printing plate having a recessed portion formed therein shaped corresponding to a pattern to be formed on a substrate; an inking unit including an inkjet head that performs an inking process of ejecting a liquid into the recessed portion, the liquid having particles as a material of the pattern dispersed therein; a laminating unit that performs a laminating process of laminating the substrate on a surface having the recessed portion formed therein after the inking process; a post-drying unit that performs a drying process on the liquid inside the recessed portion in a state in which the substrate is laminated on the surface having the recessed portion formed therein, thereby to reduce the fluidity of the liquid; and a peeling unit that peels off the substrate from the printing plate after the drying process by the post-drying unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for controlling a coating head, which exerts a nip pressure to a fibrous web to be coated while the fibrous web is supported by a backing roll. An output signal of a sensor integrated within the backing roll is read, thus producing a measured indication of the nip pressure. A number of actuator control values are derived at least partly from said measured indication of the nip pressure. Said actuator control values are delivered as commands to a number of respective actuators that contribute to creating the nip pressure, to control an amount of a coating substance on the fibrous web in the coating head.

Abstract: An ink fountain apparatus, method of method of adjusting printing characteristics in flexographic printing and a printing press system are disclosed. The apparatus may include a side plate, a roller disposed adjacent a first end of the plate, a back plate disposed adjacent a second opposing end of the side plate and a throttle disposed between the roller and the back plate. The throttle is mounted to the side plate and includes a back surface facing towards the back plate and a front surface facing towards the roller. The front surface includes a curved portion forming a tapering gap between the roller and the front surface of the throttle. A position controller is coupled to the throttle to selectively move the curved portion towards and away from the roller to adjust the volume of ink being transferred to the outer surface of the roller.

Abstract: An ink-based digital printing system for variable data lithographic printing includes an imaging member and a dampening fluid/carrier patterning system. An inkjet-type device of the patterning system jets material onto an imaging member. The as-jetted material includes dampening fluid and carrier component such as a wax jetted in a single phase. Upon contact with a surface of an imaging member, the jetted material cools and phase separation occurs, the dampening fluid leaching to a surface of the solid component on the imaging member surface, dampening the solid component, which forms an image according to image data input to the patterning system.

Abstract: An end seal for a fluid chamber which supplies fluid to a roll, includes a generally parallelepiped compressible member having first and second opposite sides and including a first end section having a first inclined planar upper surface, a second end section having a second inclined planar upper surface, and a central section which connects together the first and second end sections, the central section having an arcuate upper surface for receiving the roll, the arcuate upper surface connected to the first and second inclined planar upper surfaces at respective apices; and at least one pressure relieving recess positioned in the compressible member at a position below at least one apex, each pressure relieving recess extending through one side of the compressible member and terminating short of the opposite side of the compressible member so as to define a membrane of the compressible member thereat.

Abstract: A doctor blade system intended for a print unit includes a doctor blade support provided with a blade, an edge of the blade is able to come into contact with a peripheral surface of an engraved printing cylinder, a supporting hub, on which the doctor blade support is mounted, a structure fixing the supporting hub to a frame of the print unit. Apparatus provides a reciprocating motion of the blade along the peripheral surface of the engraved cylinder roughly parallel to the axis of revolution of the engraved cylinder. Thrust elements drive movement of the blade along the direction of the peripheral surface of the engraved cylinder. The reciprocating apparatus directly drives the doctor blade support. The thrust element or elements move the supporting hub and the doctor blade support and the blade to maintain a constant contact over the entire length of the edge of the blade with the peripheral surface of the engraved cylinder.

Abstract: Improved coating blades are disclosed, as well as processes for manufacturing such blades. The inventive blades have an intermediate edge deposit effective to reduce heat transfer from a wear resistant top deposit to the blade substrate. In one embodiment, the intermediate layer is comprised of NiCr, possibly with embedded oxide particles. Suitably, the intermediate layer and the top deposit are applied by an HVOF process. It is also envisaged that the intermediate layer may be deposited by plasma spraying. The intermediate layer may comprise stabilized zirconia.

Abstract: An embodiment is a method and apparatus to meter ink for electrographic printing. An ink loading mechanism having an anilox roller fills ink from an ink supply into cells in the anilox roller having a plurality of valleys and lands that form the cells. The ink loading mechanism causes the valleys to be full or nearly full with the ink. The anilox roller rotates in a first direction. A blanket roller rotationally engaged with the anilox roller pulls the ink out of the cells and causes the valleys to be partially filled. The blanket roller rotates in a second direction. A first cleaning blade cleans tops of the lands of the cells. Another embodiment is a method and apparatus to meter ink for electrographic printing. An ink loading mechanism having an anilox roller fills ink from an ink supply into cells in the anilox roller having a plurality of valleys and lands forming the cells. The ink loading mechanism causes the valleys to be full or nearly full with the ink.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a scraper device for a printing machine which comprises a scraper body (20) having longitudinal blades (2) and lateral sealing elements, and having ink inlet and outlet passages (24). The scraper body (20) is supported by a scraper support (10) adjacent to an inking roller of a printing machine, and having ink supply and discharge passages (11) connected to respective ink supply and discharge conduits of an ink circulation device. Positioning and fixing means allow fixing the scraper body (20) to the scraper support (10) in an operating position in which openings (24a) of said ink inlet and outlet passages (24) of the scraper body (20) are in fluid communication with openings (11a) of said ink supply and discharge passages (11) of the scraper support (10).

Abstract: A method and apparatus to meter ink for electrographic printing is disclosed. An ink loading mechanism having an anilox roller fills ink from an ink supply into cells in the anilox roller having a plurality of valleys and lands that form the cells. The ink loading mechanism causes the valleys to be full or nearly full with the ink. The anilox roller rotates in a first direction. In one embodiment, a soft blade positioned slightly below surface of the lands removes ink from the cells and causes the valleys to be partially filled as the anilox roller rotates. A hard blade positioned at the surface of the lands to clean residue of ink on the surface of the lands as the anilox roller rotates. In another embodiment, a blanket roller rotationally engaged with the anilox roller pulls ink out of the cells and causes the valleys to be partially filled. The blanket roller rotates in a second direction. A first cleaning blade cleans tops of the lands of the cells.

Abstract: A roll blade coating method including transferring an excessive amount of a coating liquid onto a continuously running web, and adjusting the excessive amount of the coating liquid to a desired adhesion amount with a roll blade, wherein the roll blade is held by a holding member for holding the roll blade, wherein the holding member is pressed by a plurality of air cylinders each configured to press the holding member, wherein the air cylinders are arranged in a side of the holding member, which side is opposite to a side where the holding member holds the roll blade, and wherein the air cylinders can separately be adjusted in air pressure.

Abstract: A printing press includes an anilox printing unit having a screen roller and a feed blade as components, in which ink accumulates on an outer side of the feed blade during printing. A method for operating the anilox printing unit includes removing the accumulated ink from the feed blade by moving one of the two components relative to the other of the two components in a first direction in a first step, causing the accumulated ink to be flattened by the feed blade and to be spread onto the screen roller. The component that was moved in the first direction in the first step may be moved in an opposite, second direction in a second step, causing the accumulated ink to be scraped off the screen roller by the feed blade.

Abstract: A doctor blade has a strip shaped body (2) and at least one thinned edge with a first wearing section which has the shape of a lamella. It is a characteristic feature that the thinned edge has a second wearing section (13) in a region between the first wearing section and the body of the doctor blade at a distance from the first wearing section, and that the second wearing section is thicker than the first one, that between them there is a transition section (14) which has a width which is not more than 5% of the total width (FB) of the thinned edge square to the longitudinal direction of the doctor blade, in which transition section the thickness steeply increases from the thickness of the lamella shaped section adjacent to the transition section to the thickness of the second wearing section adjacent to the transition section.

Abstract: A chamber blade/sealing assembly for use with a fluid chamber which supplies fluid to a roll, includes a containment blade including an elongated thin plate having opposite ends; and a wear element which increases at least one of stiffness and wear of the thin plate, mounted to a surface of the thin plate at the opposite ends thereof. First and second end seals for sealing first and second ends of the fluid chamber, each include a supporting wall, an upper concave surface on the supporting wall and adapted to engage an outer surface of the roll, and a first upper supporting surface extending from one end of the upper concave surface, the first upper supporting surface adapted to receive the wear element such that the wear element does not substantially increase pressure from the roll on the containment blade at the first upper supporting surface.

Abstract: Doctor blade assembly for rotogravure printing units, having a support structure for a doctor blade, a holding device of the support structure and a moving device for moving the holding device. The holding device includes a mounting suitable to fix either a chambered doctor blade or a non-chambered doctor blade to the moving device.

Abstract: A gravure printing press includes a gravure plate cylinder which includes, on its circumferential surface, a plurality of recesses that form image areas upon being filled with ink, an ink supply device which supplies the ink onto the circumferential surface of the gravure plate cylinder, a first blade which comes into contact with the circumferential surface of the gravure plate cylinder at a contact angle of less than 45°, and a second blade which comes into contact with the circumferential surface of the gravure plate cylinder at a contact angle of more than 45°.

Abstract: A printing unit with a rotary roller and an ink chamber with an elastic sealing doctor blade (2) which in a curve with decreasing curvature extends from a holder (6) to a tangential point of contact on the surface of the rotary roller. A packing follows the curvature in order to seal between the sealing doctor blade and the ink chamber.

Abstract: A printing roller has an outer surface and is rotatable in a rotational sense about a roller axis. A liquid applicator has an upstream blade having an edge engageable with the roller surface and a downstream blade having an edge engageable with the roller surface downstream in the sense from the upstream-blade edge. The blades form a compartment fillable with a liquid to be applied to the roller outer surface. The upstream blade is shifted on rotation of the roller between an engaged position with the respective edge engaging the surface and a disengaged position with the respective edge spaced radially from the surface.

Abstract: A doctor blade system utilizes a lightweight doctor blade chamber to apply ink to an inking roller. The doctor blade chamber is removably positioned on a support plate which is, in turn, carried by linear guides on pivotable end plates. A rigid box beam is also attached to the end plates and is spaced from the support plate. A plurality of membrane cylinders are mounted on the rigid box beam and engage a surface of the support plate opposite to the surface that supports the doctor blade chamber. Through the application of suitable force, the support plate and its supported doctor blade chamber can be moved, by sliding motion on the linear slides, into uniform engagement with the surface of the ink roller. The system uses pivotable end plates which are supported by exterior plates that are, in turn, pivotably supported by press side frames.

Abstract: The invention describes a chamber doctor blade (1) for a rotary press to be applied to an ink transfer roller (2) of a rotary press. This chamber doctor blade (1) comprises a doctor blade base (3) which, when applied to the ink transfer roller (2), extends in the axial direction thereof and which comprises at least one groove-type recess (7) extending in the direction of extension, at least two doctor blades (9) which are disposed in a roof-like manner and at least the edges of which can be applied to the ink transfer roller, front walls (15) which laterally separate the at least one groove-type recess from the surroundings and at least one separating device (16) in the groove-type recess, which separating device divides the groove-type recess into a main chamber (18) and one or more secondary chambers (17). The at least one separating device (16) has at least one opening (19).

Abstract: An improved ink system for a single pan design of a rotogravure printing press includes: the reservoir enclosing a substantial portion of the gravure cylinder; the intake section bottom having a slope at the bottom of the intake section; an intake port through the bottom of the intake section; an outtake port through the bottom of the outtake section; the outtake section bottom having a slope at the bottom of the outtake section sloping toward the outtake port; a dam release lever connected to the gate and extending outside of the reservoir, a plurality of channels through the vortex promoter; a pre-wipe bar located between the doctor blade and the vortex promoter; journal port seals located on each side of the gravure cylinder; and an angled doctor blade holder.

Abstract: A doctor blade system intended for a print unit includes a doctor blade support provided with a blade, an edge of the blade is able to come into contact with a peripheral surface of an engraved printing cylinder, a supporting hub, on which the doctor blade support is mounted, a structure fixing the supporting hub to a frame of the print unit. Apparatus provides a reciprocating motion of the blade along the peripheral surface of the engraved cylinder roughly parallel to the axis of revolution of the engraved cylinder. Thrust elements drive movement of the blade along the direction of the peripheral surface of the engraved cylinder. The reciprocating apparatus directly drives the doctor blade support. The thrust element or elements move the supporting hub and the doctor blade support and the blade to maintain a constant contact over the entire length of the edge of the blade with the peripheral surface of the engraved cylinder.

Abstract: A composite doctor blade to be installed in a blade holder (11) containing a throat (15) has a rear part (14) made of a composite material which has a profiling (16) which protrudes beyond the plane (18) defined by the doctor blade in order to retain the doctor blade in the blade holder (11). At a distance from the rear part (14), part (17) of the profiling (16) protrudes from the plane (18) to one side only. Moreover, the part (17) is higher than its width in the cross-sectional plane of the doctor blade.

Abstract: A fluid delivery device for a printing machine includes a rotating roller having a roller surface with a roller radius of curvature, the roller surface carrying a fluid film, and a metering element having an edge for splitting the fluid film and a first concave surface facing the roller surface. The metering element is movable with respect to the roller surface.

Abstract: A cooling system and method for a paper coating device, especially for cooling a coating blade of the coating device and a coating color to be coated on paper web, whereby a streaking and/or bleeding phenomena caused by accumulation of the coating color at the end of the coating blade are effectively inhibited. The cooling system comprises a cooling means equipped at a back surface of the coating blade, interconnecting hoses for communicating coolant to the cooling means, a circulating unit, and a heat-exchanging unit.

Abstract: There is described an apparatus (1) for coating a cylinder (C), in particular a wiping cylinder of an intaglio printing press, with a plastic composition comprising, inter alia, heating means (6) for applying radiant heat to the cylinder throughout its length, the heating means being disposed in a movable hood part (7) adapted to be moved on top of the cylinder for applying heat thereto or away from the cylinder to allow mounting or dismounting of the cylinder (C) on or from the apparatus. In the closed state, the hood part forms an interior space enclosing the cylinder. The hood part includes a hood body (71) and a window panel (72, 73) mounted on a front side of said hood body to allow a human operator to monitor deposition of the plastic composition onto the surface of the cylinder.

Abstract: An ink pan for a rotogravure printing press has a reservoir and a dam. The dam is located within the reservoir and divides the reservoir into an intake section and an outtake section. A gate is within the dam. The gate has an open position and a closed position. When the gate is closed the dam maintains an ink in the intake section until the ink exceeds a depth greater than the height of the dam, and then the ink flows over the dam into the outtake section. When the gate is in an open position the gate allows ink in the intake section to be emptied into the outtake section.

Abstract: An ink applicator has at least one generally stationary mounting part, a fixed elongated bar fixedly mounted on the mounting part and carrying an elongated applicator blade, and a movable elongated bar mounted on the mounting part, extending parallel to the fixed bar, carrying an elongated applicator blade parallel to the fixed-bar blade, and defining an elongated ink-holding compartment with the fixed bar. The movable bar is supported on the mounting part for movement between an outer position with the movable-bar blade spaced transversely from the fixed-bar blade and defining a gap through which ink can flow out of the compartment and an inner position with the blades engaging one another and closing the gap so that no ink can flow out of the compartment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surface treated doctor blade in which the surface of at least the blade edge portion thereof consists of a surface treatment coating film composed of a first layer consisting of a specific nickel-based plating and a second layer provided thereon which has low surface energy, and in which preferably at least a part of the blade edge end portion of the blade base material is exposed. In the surface treated doctor blade of the present invention, it is possible to improve wear resistance of the blade edge end and to suppress generation of printing failures during continuous printing. Further, in the mode in which at least a part of the blade base material is exposed, it is possible to reduce running-in time for adjustment of contact of the blade edge with the cylinder after replacement of the doctor blade.

Abstract: A method for shifting a doctor blade in its longitudinal direction, the doctor blade being set against a cylinder of a printing machine, wherein the shift movement of the doctor blade is such that, for most of the time of the print operation, the shift velocity of the doctor blade is in a range from 0 to 0.1 m/s, and a printing machine having a doctor blade assembly, including a doctor blade arranged to be set against a cylinder, and a shift mechanism for shifting the doctor blade in its longitudinal direction, such that the shift mechanism is adapted to execute the method.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing multi-layer circuit board comprising: a hole forming step for forming through-holes or blind-holes in a plate-form or sheet-form board material, and a filling step for filling a paste into through-holes or blind-holes formed in the hole forming step by using a filling means. A second paste is supplied to the paste in the filling process by using a paste supplying means to stabilized a viscosity of the paste and the paste is reliably filled into the through-holes or the blind-holes.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to disclose an apparatus and method for printing a spark plug, wherein an excellent print quality is obtained and maintained. The printing apparatus comprises: a marking roller for forming an ink film on an intaglio on itself; a transfer roller for transferring the ink film from the intaglio to the spark plug insulator; an ink supply nozzle for supplying the intaglio with the printing ink; and a doctor blade for scratching a surplus ink which does not contribute to form the ink film. the concave depth of the intaglio is made to be between 15 ?m and 20 ?m, both inclusive, thereby optimizing the ink drying.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for gravure coating a liquid reactive with the atmosphere onto a web. The gravure apparatus comprises an engraved gravure cylinder, an impression roller backing the web and pressing it onto the gravure cylinder to form a nip, a curtain or jet formation means to wet the surface of the gravure cylinder, and a doctor blade means for wiping excess coating liquid from the surface of the gravure cylinder prior to the nip. A shroud encompassing the gravure cylinder and the curtain or jet formation means creates a first zone between the nip and a partitioning baffle extending from the shroud, a second zone between the partitioning baffle and the doctor blade means, and a third zone between the doctor blade means and the nip. A gas non-reactive with the coating liquid is supplied to each zone by a gas distribution means such that the reaction rate of the coating liquid with the atmosphere is greatly reduced and the curtain or jet is not disrupted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a doctor or coater blade (1) of steel, having a nickel coating comprising abrasion resistant particles, said coating being constituted by an electrolytic nickel layer comprising abrasion resistant particles. The coating preferably comprises at least two electrolytic nickel layers having different composition, and may be formed differently in different sections of the blade. The invention also relates to a continuous process for electrolytic nickel coating in at least one electrolytic cell holding an electrolyte liquid comprising at least one nickel salt, and in at least one of these cells also comprising abrasion resistant particles.

Abstract: A cradle for a spreading device, such as a rotatable rod, to which a spreading organ to be pressed against a movable surface has been attached. The cradle is fastened to a holder, and a gasket is provided between the cradle and the holder (9).

Abstract: A backing lath (6, 14) used for coating a web of paper or paperboard in doctor blade and rod coaters and film-transfer coaters, the backing lath featuring a fiber-reinforced composite material body. When necessary, the backing lath can be surfaced with a wear-resistant coating. The invention also concerns a doctor element assembly, wherein the backing lath has a fiber-reinforced composite material body.

Abstract: A printing device (1) is disclosed for rotogravure printing machines comprising: a printing cylinder (3) with notches (50) for printing liquid, a rubber roller (4) for pushing paper web supports (2) against the cylinder (3) in order to print, and a scraper member (7) for cleaning the surface of the printing cylinder (3) of printing liquid not contained in notches (5); the scraper member (7) is equipped with thrusting members (9, 10) central therewith that thrust a central portion of the scraper member (7) towards the cylinder (3) in order to bend the scraper member (7) such that the bend in the scraper member (7) follows a bending to which the cylinder (3) is subjected upon the rubber roller (4) being pushed against the cylinder (3).

Abstract: A self-adjusting blade for engagement with a moving work surface, comprising a steel strip elongated in a first direction between first and second sides, said strip having an edge section along said first side for contact with said work surface, and said edge section being hardened to a hardness exceeding that of the remaining part of said strip. The self-adjusting blade is provided with a coating of a low wear resistance material covering substantially all of said edge section at least on the part thereof contacting the work surface.

Abstract: A seal for a chambered doctor blade (10) of a printing machine, in the form of a rubber-elastic body, which is inserted at the end of the chambered doctor blade in a seal holder (18) and lies against the periphery of a roller (12) against which the chambered doctor blade is placed, wherein the part of the seal (20) taken up in the seal holder (18), is constructed as a solid, rectangular support (22), which lies, with one end face, with a smooth surface (42), in contact with the chambered doctor blade (10) and is surrounded at the three remaining sides by continuous tolerance equalization lips (44).

Abstract: A gravure printing method is provided for printing characters or patterns with desired colors and tones on a base material with a printing drum set with 200 to 400 mesh lines and the depth in the range from 10 to 17&mgr;. The ink may be process color of aquatic gravure ink in which coloring materials for indigo blue, red, yellow, black, and white colors are printed once or repeatedly in the overlaid state or specially toned inks. Another aspect of the invention provides an ink pan structure and arrangement for a gravure printing machines using aquatic or oil gravure ink. The ink pan structure has an ink pool sized for only a furnisher roll to be dipped therein and a cooperating printing drum is always maintained outside the ink pool. A furnisher roller unit and arrangement for a gravure printing machine is also provided. The unit may include a plurality of furnisher rollers. A doctor knife unit and arrangement for a gravure printing machine is also provided. The unit may include a plurality of doctor knives.

Abstract: A seal for a chambered doctor blade (10) of a printing machine, in the form of a rubber-elastic body, which is inserted at the end of the chambered doctor blade in a seal holder (18) and lies against the periphery of a roller (12) against which the chambered doctor blade is placed, wherein the part of the seal (20) taken up in the seal holder (18), is constructed as a solid, rectangular support (22), which lies, with one end face, with a smooth surface (42), in contact with the chambered doctor blade (10) and is surrounded at the three remaining sides by continuous tolerance equalization lips (44).