Abstract: A pattern imprint template incudes a patterned recesses and a layer formed over the patterned recesses. The pattern recesses form a pattern in a resist when brought in contact with a substrate with a resist thereon. The layer formed over the patterned recesses has a first surface energy. The first surface energy is lower in comparison to a second surface energy of the substrate with the resist thereon. The lower first surface energy in comparison to the second surface energy of the substrate avoids trapping gas in the resist by pushing gas toward the imprint template for venting through the patterned recesses.

Abstract: Wood fibers possess natural unique hierarchical and mesoporous structures that enable a variety of new applications beyond their traditional use. For the first time we dramatically modulate the propagation of light through random network of wood fibers. A highly transparent and clear paper with transmittance >90% and haze <1.0% applicable for high-definition displays is achieved. By altering the morphology of the same wood fibers that form the paper, highly transparent and hazy paper targeted for other applications such as solar cell and anti-glare coating with transmittance >90% and haze >90% is also achieved. A thorough investigation of the relation between the mesoporous structure and the optical properties in transparent paper was conducted, including full-spectrum optical simulations.

Abstract: A lithographic sheet product having a substrate with a roll textured surface covered by a pretreatment layer. The pretreatment layer enhances adhesion of a printing composition to the sheet product and is composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers of acrylic acid, polymers of methacrylic acid, an organophosphorous polymer and copolymers of an organophosphorous compound and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Dopant particles of alumina, silica, titanium dioxide or a black dye or pigment may be added to the pretreatment layer to reduce the gloss and reflectance of the pretreatment layer in a printing process. Etching of the substrate also reduces gloss and reflectance.

Abstract: Described are imprint lithography templates, methods of forming and using the templates, and a template holder device. An imprint lithography template may include a body with a plurality of recesses on a surface of the body. The body may be of a material that is substantially transparent to activating light. At least a portion of the plurality of recesses may define features having a feature size less than about 250 nm. A template may be formed by obtaining a material that is substantially transparent to activating light and forming a plurality or recesses on a surface of the template. In some embodiments, a template may further include at least one alignment mark. In some embodiments, a template may further include a gap sensing area. An imprint lithography template may be used to form an imprinted layer in a light curable liquid disposed on a substrate. During use, the template may be disposed within a template holder.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor comprising an image receiving layer and a waterproof substrate, wherein the image receiving layer comprises: needle filler particles or porous filler particles; and a binder resin comprising a complex of: a resin comprising at least one of a metal atom and a semimetal atom, each of the at least one of a metal atom and a semimetal atom being bonded to an oxygen atom; with a polymer compound represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: An imaging member, such as a negative-working printing plate or on-press cylinder, has an imaging layer comprised of a thermally sensitive ionomer (charged polymer) and a photothermal conversion material that is a bis(aminoaryl)polymethine dye that is soluble in water or a water-miscible organic solvent, and that has a &lgr;max greater than 700 nm as measured in water or the water-miscible organic solvent.

Abstract: A direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a water-resistant support having provided thereon an image receiving layer, wherein the image receiving layer comprises particles having rough surface composed of core particles having on the surfaces thereof fine particles adhered, and a binder resin comprising a complex composed of a resin containing a siloxane bond in which a silicon atom is connected with an oxygen atom and an organic polymer containing a group capable of forming a hydrogen bond with the resin containing a siloxane bond. According to the use of the direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor of the present invention, images free from not only background stain over an entire surface but also dot-like stain can be formed thereon. Also, the direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor can prepare a lithographic printing plate providing a great number of printed matter having clear images free from disappearance or distortion of image.

Abstract: Provided is a direct imaging lithographic printing plate by having on a support a hydrophilic image-receiving layer comprising a polymer compound that is chemically bonded directly to the support surface and has hydrophilic functional groups. Therein, the hydrophilic functional groups preferably have capabilities of forming chelates together with polyvalent metal ions. The polymer compound may be chemically bonded directly to the support surface at its molecular chain end or may be chemically bonded to a polymer backbone chemically bonded to the support surface at its molecular chain end.

Abstract: A creamed-solder printing machine for printing a creamed solder on a printed circuit board, including a screen having a plurality of holes, a squeegee which prints the creamed solder on the printed circuit board through the holes of the screen, a frame which supports the squeegee such that the squeegee is movable toward, and away from, the screen, and an elastic member which is provided between the frame and the squeegee and which produces a biasing force to bias the squeegee in a direction toward the screen.

Abstract: A planographic original plate requiring no fountain solution, in which a layer allowing adhesion thereof with a silicone rubber layer to decrease through transforming a laser beam into heat and the silicone rubber layer of an addition type containing 10 to 20% by weight of organohydrogenpolysiloxane based on solid content are laminated to a support in this order, thereby providing a planographic original plate requiring no fountain solution which is capable of heat mode recording due to a laser beam and is excellent in image reproducibility and resistance to scratching.

Abstract: A positive lithographic printing plate exposed by an imagesetter and suitable for mounting on a press cylinder comprising a photo-lithographic DTR material having a DTR processed RIP image to be printed lithographically and a DTR processed ink repelling region for mounting the printing plate on the press cylinder. The RIP image is exposed according to exposure commands which are sent to the imagesetter by the RIP and the DTR processed ink repelling region is exposed according to exposure commands generated by the imagesetter.

Abstract: A high-efficiency, diffractive optical element having at least one surface including multilevel steps, the steps determined by calculating equiphase boundaries utilizing a disclosed equation and algorithm. The optical element can be adapted to correct for chromatic and/or spherical aberration, and can be used in UV lithographic apparatus.

Abstract: Hectograph master webs and sheets formulated to provide sharper, more-complete transfer under reduced imaging pressures, and sharper, more-numerous duplicate copies in the hectograph duplicating process and resistance to adhesion and coating-transfer under the pressures exerted by a hectograph duplicating machine. The receptive surface formed on the master sheet comprises a hard, pressure-adhesive coating consisting by weight essentially of 45 to 65 percent paraffinic wax, 5 to 20 percent hard wax and 15 to 40 percent polybutene polymer having a Staudinger molecular weight of from 10,400 to 12,300 which bonds to the hectograph transfer layer under relatively low, localized imaging pressure but which is sufficiently hard to resist adhesion, sticking and pick-over to hectograph copy sheets during the hectograph copying processes. The receptive coating also provides a barrier against the migration of the hectograph composition and/or of the spirit duplicating fluid into the master sheet.

Abstract: A non-silver, positive-working, essentially alkali-insoluble, radiation-sensitive composition, which becomes alkali-soluble on exposure to radiation, comprising a non-silver, positive-acting, essentially alkali-insoluble radiation-sensitive component a radiation absorbing component and an essentially alkali-soluble polymeric binder. A radiation-sensitive element comprising a transparent substrate overcoated with said radiation-sensitive composition. A duplicating film comprising the said element prepared by exposing said composition through the substrate and then image-wise exposing said composition through a mask in front of the composition followed by treatment with an alkaline developer to remove those areas of the composition subjected to both exposures.

Abstract: Pressure-sensitive master sheets are produced by printing ink-releasing images onto a master sheet by silk screen techniques using a semi-solid printable ink composition comprising a wax and/or resin binder material, an incompatible oleaginous material, colorant and a volatile vehicle. The solidified printed images comprise a porous, spongy network of the binder material containing within the pores thereof the oleaginous material and colorant as a pressure-exudable ink. The printed master is suitable for the production of several copies in a dry pressure-copying process.

Abstract: A method for limiting the diffusion of ink through a planographic plate comprising a polymetric matrix containing liquid, as for example an agar matrix, is described. Incorporated in the matrix is a diffusion inhibitor which has a binding affinity for the water soluble dye comprising the ink. The additives are cationic or anionic surfactants and the dyes employed are anionic or cationic. When an anionic surfactant a cationic dye is used and vice-versa.

Abstract: A ribbon for non-impact printing comprising an electrically conductive substrate and a transfer layer which comprises a polymerized fatty acid polyamide.

Abstract: Preprinted duplicating masters for producing printed copies, with or without spirit duplicating fluids, comprising a foundation sheet reverse printed in a predetermined pattern with an imaging material which produces copies upon the application of pressure alone, although the spirit duplicating process can be used. The imaging material is applied as a synthetic polymeric resin disperion having an ink composition therein and is subsequently heated to gel but not fuse the resin so that the ink composition will be retained therein but will be releasable and transferable in a predetermined pattern to a substrate by at least the application of pressure alone. A protective cover sheet is placed over the printing to prevent inadvertent and accidental transfer of the ink composition.

Abstract: Method of transfer printing for cellulosic textile articles by pretreating the article with a polyhydric alcohol, squeezing and drying the article, superposing the article with a transfer sheet printed with an ink containing a sublimable disperse dye and pressing the assembly under heating.

Abstract: A thermally sensitive record medium is disclosed. Data is generated on the record medium in response to an application of heat. The record medium is capable of generating data images in more than one color by exposing the medium to more than one temperature level in areas to be imaged. Overlap or interference between two colors is avoided by utilizing at least one color-forming system which requires a thermal decomposition of one system component before it can be reacted to yield color.The record material is made by coating individual layers, each containing a color-forming system or preferably by coating a single layer including all of the color-forming systems.

Abstract: A dye receiving element comprises diffusing heat transferable dyes into a transparent layer containing an amorphous, solvent soluble, aromatic polyester having at least 30 mole percent of its recurring units comprised of the condensation residue of a diol and a dicarboxylic acid, the residue containing a saturated gem-bivalent radical having a saturated polycyclic three-dimensional structure that includes a saturated bicyclic atomic bridged hydrocarbon ring member, the gem-bivalent radical linking two aromatic groups.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for accelerating the drying of offset inks. An additive composition comprising (a) 15 to 85 percent of functional amino polydimethylsiloxane and (b) 85 to 15 percent of a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, wherein the ethylene oxide is present in an amount of from 15 to 85 percent with respect to the propylene oxide, is added to an offset printing ink.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate which comprises using in an ink-repellent layer a polymer of a monomer or a copolymer containing said monomer, said monomer being represented by the following general formulas: ##STR1## WHEREIN: R is hydrogen or a methyl radical; R' is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Rf is a perfluoroalkyl radical having 3 to 21 carbon atoms; and n is an integer of 1 to 10.

Abstract: A dry release sublimation transfer for decorating textile substrates is disclosed, including a temporary backing sheet, a sublimation transfer design layer comprising sublimation transfer inks disposed on the design layer, and a polymeric layer disposed in contact with the sublimation transfer design layer. The polymeric layer comprises a polymer having a number average molecular weight between about 700 and 20,000, and having on the average at least three functional groups comprising isocyanates for each polymer chain thereof, whereby upon application of the sublimation transfer under heat and pressure to the textile substrate which is to be decorated, the polymeric coating softens and penetrates into the textile substrate, along with the sublimation transfer design layer. In a preferred embodiment, the functional groups are blocked, so that upon application of the sublimation transfer under heat and pressure the functional groups on the polymer chain unblock or become reactive, and cross-linking occurs.

Abstract: Object of the present invention are novel printing inks with organic solvents for sublimation transfer printing which contain a high concentration of very finely dispersed, transferable cationic dyes, and specifically;A. at least one cationic dye or a mixture of cationic dyes,B. at least one soluble resin as stabilizer, film former and thickener,C. a low-viscosity, low molecular organic solvent or solvent mixture in which the cationic dye or dyes are only slightly soluble at room temperature and the resin or resins are at least 5% soluble,D. an inorganic or organic acid acceptor or mixtures thereof, andE. at least one indicator dye which is inert to inorganic or organic acid acceptors.

Abstract: The first layer of elastomeric synthetic resin transparent ink is screened onto a transfer sheet and is fused. One or more layers of compatible ink are deposited thereon and dried to form an image. Next, an elastomeric adhesive protective layer is applied and fused. The intermediate article thus produced by this process is a transfer sheet carrying a transfer lamination which is applicable to fabric. The adhesive layer is applied against the fabric with pressure, and the entire structure is heated. During this heating, the elastomeric adhesive is absorbed into the fabric and is cured in place to become thermoplastic. At the same time, the first layer against the transfer sheet becomes plastic and the transfer sheet is removed.In another embodiment, the first and protective layers are fused and an additional elastomeric adhesive layer is applied unfused. During the transfer with the application of heat and pressure, the final layer performs the adhesive function, is absorbed into the fabric, and fuses.

Abstract: A dry release sublimation transfer is provided which includes a temporary backing sheet having disposed thereon a sublimation transfer design layer formed of one or more sublimation transfer inks, and a polymeric coating disposed in contact with such design layer. In one embodiment, the design layer is first printed on the backing sheet employing conventional printing techniques and thereafter the polymeric coating is applied over the design layer. In another embodiment, the polymeric coating is first applied to the backing sheet and thereafter the design layer is printed over the polymeric coating. The dry release sublimation transfer is applied under heat and pressure to a substrate to be decorated, such as cotton fabric or a cotton-polyester fabric, thereby causing the polymeric coating to soften and penetrate into the substrate and upon cooling securely bond the design layer to the substrate.

Abstract: A dry duplicating method comprising the steps of pressure-imaging a continuous master web with images capable of exuding liquid ink under the effects of contact pressure such as roller pressure and collecting the imaged master web on a roll for duplicating use. The master web is such that at least one surface is receptive to the pressure-applied images but neither surface is capable of absorbing the liquid ink to any substantial degree. The imaged web is duplicated by continuously bringing it into surface contact with an ink-absorbent copy web while pressure is applied to exude the liquid ink from the master images onto the copy web to form a duplicate copy, after which the web is continuously rolled up on another roller for reuse.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water soluble transfer material of the kind in which transfer is accomplished by localized application of pressure on a portion of the material to implant or transfer part of it to a selected surface. The transfer material is a multi-component mixture including a non-resinated dry pigment having an average particle size between one and five microns, a first polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 4,500, a second polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 6,000 to 7,500, a third polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 400 to 800, a non-ionic emulsifier or plasticizer, and optionally an inert filler. Articles incorporating the transfer material include seamtress' transfer paper, business carbon paper, crayons, lecture pencils, and the like. The transferred markings are readily removed from the receptor surface by water when this is so desired.

Abstract: A pre-printed spirit duplicating master containing visible imaged material and latent imaged material for use in preparing copies for self-instructional examination or work assignments. The latent images on the copy sheet are capable of being revealed with a pen containing a chemical developer and this can be done by the student in self-examination. The use of the pre-printed masters frees the teacher from the chore of preparing exams, or work assignments, making the masters, and from grading the papers.

Abstract: A heat transfer print sheet comprising a base sheet, printing on said base sheet, a coating overlying the printed surface of the base sheet, said printing being capable of transferring through said coating upon application of heat and pressure, said coating preventing the heat transfer print sheet from adhering to a substrate to which the printing is transferred, said transferred printing permeating into the interior of said substrate to provide a wear resistant print thereon, said printing being transparent to light and thereby enhanced in color by any background color on said substrate.