Abstract: A practice projectile free of any explosive or bursting charge, adapted for shooting from aircraft against ground targets or for other kinds of practice shooting and comprising a hollow shell, a projectile base and a nose portion which engages the shell along a circumferential partition therebetween, wherein the base is a separate part relatively to the shell, whereby a circumferential partition between the base and the shell is formed. The base is fastened to or made integral with a rod or a tube which extends centrally and axially through the shell and is fastened to or made integrally with the nose portion, whereby the rod or tube keeps the projectile together as a unit, and the rod or tube, or a fastening member thereof situated on the nose portion, has a weakened portion which axially is situated approximately at the level of the partition between the shell and the nose portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a projectile that has high velocity at short range. The projectile has a body of material that is lighter, more lubricous and more deformable than a partial jacket on the rearward portion of the projectile. The jacket defines an annular array of apertures on the outer diametrical surface of the jacket and the body has peripheral zones that extend into the apertures far enough to be flush with the outer diametrical surface. The peripheral zones not only provide a physical lock between the body and jacket but also lubricate the interface between the projectile and the gun barrel along which the projectile travels during firing of a gun. The apertures are configured to allow the body to erupt radially outward through the jacket's side wall and form a relatively wide, shallow dispersal pattern when the projectile impacts a target. An optional core within the plastic body enhances the body's radially outward dispersal upon the projectile's impact with a target.

Abstract: An armor-piercing fragmentation ammunition projectile includes a body made of a dense material, a head also made of a dense material, and an arrangement for fragmenting the body on impact. It is characterized in that the arrangement includes a blind hole delimited by the body and occupied by a mass of compression material subjecting the body to a fragmentation pre-stress. Application to sub-caliber projectiles.

Abstract: This invention, a projectile, when used in standard issue handguns, rifles and shotguns was designed to address the problem of over penetration and possible ricochet when used in law enforcement work. The projectile comprises a hollow tubular body having releasable end seals and containing lead shot.The problem, is that many projectiles, even those designed to loose their energy in human/animal tissue like living organisms, may also penetrate inanimate like substances, causing unnecessary damage to property, and even worse injury or death to innocent bystanders. This projectile is designed to significantly lessen that possibility.

Abstract: A projectile for an armored target is characterized in that the body consists of a block of dense material with a frustoconical axial bore, its large end opening in the plane of face of the body. The transmission element consists of a rod extending from the rear face of the head and comprises a seating engaged in the bore to leave a clearance between the rear face of the head and the front face, and the body and the nose are locked in a position where the rod is engaged in the bore. Application to armor-piercing fragmentation shells.

Abstract: A paint ball including a paint ball shell and an axis extending through the shell to define first and second poles. The paint ball shell fractures in a predetermined pattern upon the receipt of a fracturing force to form fracture lines from the point of impact circumferentially toward the first pole and from the point of impact circumferentially toward the second pole.

Abstract: The disclosure herein describes a frangible practice ammunition comprising a compacted mixture of fine copper powder and of a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of nylon 11 and nylon 12. The mixture which is compacted by injection molding, has at least 90% by weight of copper and a specific gravity of 5.7.

Abstract: A bullet is provided which is substantially 100% pure fluorocarbon resin. In the preferred embodiment a fluorocarbon resin in the form of polytetrafluoroethylene, preferably Teflon from E.I. Dupont De Nemours Co., Inc. of New Jersey, also known as Dupont, is provided with multiple annular grooves near the rear end and a hollow point front end. The bullet in the preferred embodiment is characterized by having a high muzzle velocity, a very short effective range, and pulverizes on impact so as to deliver considerable hydrostatic shocking effect by delivery of all of its energy within the first two to three inches of target depth.

Abstract: The projectile, adapted to be fired from an automatic cannon, comprises a frangible porous brittle generally cylindrical casing made of a molded sintered powder material preferably consisting predominantly of 60 to 100% type 316 stainless steel powder mixed with pure iron powder ranging from 40% by weight to zero. The powder material initially includes graphite powder ranging from about 0.2% to 2% by weight. The powder material is compressed into a casing mold to a molded density ranging from about 0.21 to about 0.24, perferably 0.23 of a pound per cubic inch. The molded powder is sintered in an inert atmosphere at a temperature ranging from about 1500 to about 1700, preferably 1600.degree. F. for a time sufficient to unite the molded powder into a brittle porous frangible casing. During sintering, the graphite powder vaporizes and escapes whereby porosity and frangibility are imparted to the casing.

Abstract: The expanding bullet assembly incorporates a bullet head which incorporates an axial borehole extending from the rear of the bullet head towards the tip but not reaching the tip. The bullet head can incorporate longitudinal serrations or grooves and/or circumferential grooves which aid in separation upon impact. The borehole receives a shaft made of brass, copper or other metal harder than the leaden bullet. The shaft (or pin) extends from the back of the bullet and is connected to an inertial fragmenter, which is separated somewhat from the bullet head. The fragmenter can have tapered or sloped sides adjacent the back of the bullet for wedging into and forcing apart the fragments of the bullet. The bullet head can be round, pointed or hollow pointed. The shaft end near the bullet tip can alternatively be an integral expanded shaft tip having the shape of a sphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a guide nose on a bullet to enable the user to fire wad cutter type ammunition. The guide nose allows the bullet to be used in new automatic weapons and can be easily chambered into the barrel. When the bullet is fired, the plastic nose which is constructed in two pieces separates due to the spinning force of the bullet without effecting the direction of the flat bullet, which continues towards its target. The plastic guide nose will be secured to the bullet nose flat surface. In a preferred embodiment, the two halves snap into each other with a plastic snap joint to further keep the pieces together until the bullet is fired.

Abstract: An impact projectile which comprises at least two impact bodies centered with respect to one another and disposed one axially behind the other with means for separating the two bodies axially upon approach to the target. The separation can be effected by thermal means controlled by a proximity switch and/or by flight duration. The projectile is especially designed for penetrating armored vehicles having multi-layer armored walls.

Abstract: A frangible projectile made from powdered metals comprising a body of either iron and carbon, or of iron and alumina. The powdered metals are compacted, sintered, and cooled.

Abstract: A nonlethal frangible projectile for delivering fluids and the like to a target is composed of a soft cap portion, and a stronger base portion which plugs the rearward end of the cap. Scoring and a thinned nose region facilitates rupture upon impact.

Abstract: An anti-material projectile of trangible alloy for fragmenting due to impact shock on hitting a target thereafter penetrating the target causing damage. The projectile is preferably high density frangible alloy having a ratio of compressive to tensile strength of 20 to 1. The projectile is useful against soft targets suct as aircraft as well as armor targets where initial impact is at the armor plating. The projectile may be a composite of pyrophoric windscreen with a projectile body of frangible alloy and armor piercing alloy.

Abstract: A projectile having a piercing front end with a solid lubricant molded on the front surface for reducing friction during penetration. The lubricant is molded in a shape to receive an antenna and other electronics. The front end also has an axial hole formed therein to enhance self destruction from the sudden release of compressional strain energy accumulated during penetration through a hard target.

Abstract: A practice projectile for use with military aircraft and the like for training pilots in attacking ground targets comprises a unitary body formed of sintered sponge iron powder and having a sintered density equivalent to the apparent density of a projectile to be simulated.

Abstract: A rifle or handgun bullet having a cylindrical base and a leading end of ogival shape extending for a portion of its length is divided into a plurality of sections by parting lines extending radially inwardly from the outer periphery of the body towards the central axis and terminating along lines spaced from the central axis of the bullet. The parting lines extend longitudinally the full axial length of the body of the bullet and, upon impact with a lubricious target, the bullet separates into individual sections which travel separately and create a plurality of impinging pressure zones within the target. The bullet is disclosed in embodiments with and without a frusto-conical cavity extending into the forward, blunt end, terminating in a plane through the juncture of the base and leading end. In the embodiment having the cavity, the radial parting lines terminate outwardly of the cavity wall.

Abstract: A ceramic munitions projectile, particularly useful for practice or target munitions is provided. The projectile has a tensile strength greater than about 250 MPa, a critical stress intensity factor greater than about 6 MPam.sup.1/2, and a Weibull modulus greater than about 10. Preferably the projectile is frangible.

Abstract: A projectile delivery apparatus for enhancing the penetration capability of a projectile including a friable capsule, which traverses the distance from a firearm to a preselected target while retaining the launch weight of the projectile intact, and a projectile, which is mounted internally of the friable capsule and is released from the capsule to achieve increased penetration of the target.

Abstract: The fragmentation or splintering jacket of a projectile or shell is intended to fracture or disintegrate into a plurality of fragments or splinters of a predetermined size by a bursting or explosive charge located within the fragmentation or splintering jacket. This bursting or explosive charge is detonated by a fuze or detonator at a predetermined or desired moment or burst point. This fragmentation or splintering jacket comprises a plurality of rings provided with reference fracture locations. The fragmentation or splintering jacket fractures or breaks along these reference fracture locations into fragments or splinters of the predetermined size.

Abstract: It is desirable, on the one hand, to fabricate the projectile core or body of a material as frangible as possible in order to achieve a good radical effect thereof in the target. On the other hand, the material should be sufficiently ductile to enable the projectile to penetrate several armor plates. Therefore, a relatively ductile projectile-core rod is inserted in a relatively brittle projectile-core central section, such projectile-core rod being anchored at its rear end in a projectile-core tail and at its front end in a projectile-core nose or tip.

Abstract: A rifle or handgun bullet having a base and a leading end of ogival shape extending for a portion of its length is divided into a plurality of sections by parting lines extending radially from the central axis and terminating a short distance from the outer wall, whereby the sections are joined by relatively thin webs at their outer edges. The parting lines extend longitudinally from the leading end through at least the ogival portion to as much as 90% of the length of the bullet. Upon impact with a lubricious target the sections separate from one another and from the base, i.e., the portion into which the parting lines do not extend. The bullet is fabricated in a two-stage operation, first forcing a punch longitudinally into a cylindrical slug of malleable metal contained within a die, and then compressing the slug radially inwardly to force essentially all air from the spaces formed by the punch, thereby and forming the ogival leading end.

Abstract: An incendiary projectile possessing an incendiary composition arranged locally bonded about the internal casing surface of the projectile wall structure. The projectile has the inner casing surface of its wall structure covered with the incendiary composition in fixed adherence therewith, and the explosive in the inner space of the projectile extends into grid-structured interspaces or scorings for the mutual bounding of covered regions. In this connection, there is also disclosed a particularly advantageous method for the formation of a projectile which is designed in this manner, as well as an expediently employable arrangement for the implementation of the method.

Abstract: An implosion shaped charge device for jet perforating. In its overall concept, the implosion shaped charge perforator comprises a liner of implosive geometry, a primary explosive contiguous to the liner for providing implosion impulse to such and means for detonating the primary explosive. In a first embodiment the detonating means is an explosively actuated impact detonator. In a second embodiment the detonating means is a laser initiated explosive detonator. Both embodiments may be utilized in a perforating gun for perforating subsurface earth formations. In the operation of the embodiments the primary explosive is detonated with the resulting detonation wave approximately constantly accelerating the liner to radially converge to a small volume, from which a jet is propagated in the direction of the maximum pressure gradient.

Abstract: An implosion shaped charge device for jet perforating. In its overall concept, the implosion shaped charge perforator comprises a liner of implosive geometry, a primary explosive contiguous to the liner for providing implosion impulse to such and means for detonating the primary explosive. In a first embodiment the detonating means is an explosively actuated impact detonator. In a second embodiment the detonating means is a laser initiated explosive detonator. Both embodiments may be utilized in a perforating gun for perforating subsurface earth formations. In the operation of the embodiments the primary explosive is detonated with the resulting detonation wave approximately constantly accelerating the liner to radially converge to a small volume, from which a jet is propagated in the direction of the maximum pressure gradient.

Abstract: A warhead or horizontal fragmentation mine, which includes an explosive charge arranged within a housing, which is covered at the front end thereof with a concave or planar coating or cladding; and a method for producing the warhead. The coating is entirely, or at least overwhelmingly, constituted of a brittle heavy-metal or hard or carbide metal with a static fracture or breaking expansion of 15 or 25%, in which the coating is decomposed during the detonation into a large number of natural fragments or splinters of certain quantity, which spread out in a definite fragment cone or fragment wedge, and wherein the ratio of the quantity of the coating to that of explosive consists of approximately 1:0.4 to 1:0.6.

Abstract: For the projectile core of a sabot projectile, it is desired to use very brittle material in consideration of the strived for effect in the target. It has been found that a projectile core formed of a brittle material already tends to break while being delivered to the firing weapon. To avoid this danger, the brittle part of the projectile core is prestressed or pre-biased by a tie rod. The projectile core preferably consists of three components, wherein the intermediate component is prestressed and the contact surfaces between these three components are substantially conically structured.

Abstract: A ceramic munitions projectile, particularly useful for practice or target munitions is provided. The projectile is preferably made of zirconia which is densified by a pressureless sintering method. The projectile has sufficient toughness to withstand acceleration and torque created during projectile firing and trajectory.

Abstract: Multiple component frangible penetrators comprise a body portion of a frangible material and a heavy alloy machinable tail portion. Nose components joined to the opposing end of the body portions can be a variety of materials.

Abstract: The invention relates in particular to hunting ammunition for a fire-arm of the kind having a subcaliber bullet fitted with a feathering, the subcaliber bullet allowing for destabilization on its trajectory beyond a distance travelled outside of the fire-arm.

Abstract: A projectile forming the head of a carrier has a defined balllistic trajectory and contains sub-munitions ejected, at a given moment in the trajectory of the projectile, in a controlled direction. In the projectile, the sub-munitions are arranged so as to have a single direction, namely with the head of the sub-munition facing the front of the projectile, in one or more rows. In each row, the shells of the sub-munitions are tangential to one another and their fin systems ar placed in one another in a self-locking way. The projectile further comprises securing means among the sub-munitions and between these interstitial spaces are further filled with a powdery material.

Abstract: There is disclosed a kinetic energy type projectile having an armor piercing head which is intended to penetrate multi-shell targets, and even sharply angled targets. The piercing head is provided with favorably discriminated shearing regions which are axially spaced apart by distances corresponding to the thicknesses of the shells which are to be pierced by the piercing head. The shearing regions are provided by external or internal localized transverse weakenings e.g. grooves, or heat treatments by electronic bombardment, applied to the external surface of the piercing head and/or in a central bore in the piercing head. Additionally, the localized weakenings may be provided by bound collars on the piercing head.The shearing regions are progressively stronger in a direction from the front of the piercing head so that they will shear consecutively as the head pierces successive shells of a multi-shell target.

Abstract: A multiple projectile cartridge for a handgun comprises four spherical projectiles embedded within a paraffin/powder filler material contained within a plastic casing enclosed in a conventional small caliber shell containing the usual primer assembly and powder charge. The projectiles each have a diameter slightly less than the internal casing diameter which maximizes the number of shots and mass traveling at high velocity to strike the target. The single row of projectiles are longitudinally spaced from each other by the filler material so that the projectiles do not crunch together during flight, resulting in a shot string held together in a close pattern of high ballistic integrity. The diametral relationship (i.e., clearance) between the projectile diameter and internal casing diameter also prevents the plastic casing side wall from laterally expanding as the casing travels through the gun barrel to prevent groove fouling.

Abstract: A projectile has a housing with a forward end a rearward portion. A pusher disc in the rear portion of the housing supports columns of submunitions which are urged forwardly by a forward force exerting compression spring toward bell means mounted in the forward end of the housing. A plurality of rods each have a shear portion adjacent their lower ends and a forward end connected to the bell and a lower end fixed connected to the rear end of the projectile. The forward force exerting spring urges submunitions forwardly against a front plate which is prevented from forward movement by engagement with the bell. Explosive means shear the rods and separate the forward portion of the housing from the tail portion and outward force exerting springs shift the forwardmost submunition outwardly after separation of the forward housing portion from the tail portion so that the forward force exerting spring moves the remaining submunitions forwardly for subsequent discharge from the projectile.

Abstract: An improved inertial armor-piercing penetrator projectile wherein the axial length of the projectile is a relatively large multiple of its diameter. The projectile includes a pre-penetrator and a main penetrator with a nose and a tail. The forward portion of the main penetrator is operatively connected to the tail of the pre-penetrator. The pre-penetrator comprises a plurality of partial cores which are axially arranged one behind the other and are operatively connected to each other at mutual coupling regions so as to form a stack. The stack of partial cores includes centering and/or fixing means which may take various forms and can be selectively exchanged. The cover and the centering and/or fixing means are adapted to achieve a predetermined fracturing or separation upon the application of a predetermined load. Thus, the centering and/or fixing means include a weakened portion where the fracturing or separation occurs.

Abstract: An enabling device 24 for a gas generator 42 of a forced dispersion munitions dispenser 10 includes a housing 58 in which and formed a bore 60, an outlet lead 88 and a detonator opening 68 in which is positioned an electrically initiated detonator 70. A piston 62 is located in the bore 60 and has a disabled position and an enabled position. A safety groove 64 is formed in the outer surface of the piston 62, and a safety passage 72, a safety aperture 74, 75 and a transfer lead 86 are formed in the piston 62. A gas generator 42 containing a quantity of pyrotechnic material 84 is mounted on the housing 58. The gas generator 42 is provided with a safety outlet 46, 47 and an inlet lead 44.

Abstract: A visual and infrared screening cloud is formed, comprised of an aerosol of fine metal flakes of copper composition, particularly brass, in which the flakes are of submicron thickness and multimicron lateral face dimensions. The cloud is formed by aerosoling a compact generally cohesive mass of copper composition metal flakes of submicron thickness and multimicron lateral dimensions through the action of explosively bursting such compact mass in the atmosphere at the desired cloud location.

Abstract: A shell case comprising prefabricated fragments (4), preferably of a material with high density, and a supporting material which surrounds the fragments and together with these forms a connected shell which surrounds the explosive of the shell. The supporting material consists of a completely dense non-compressible material which is permanently connected with the pre-fabricated fragments, for instance a hardenable steel. The shell is preferably manufactured by a powder metallurgical procedure in which the supporting material in the form of a metal powder together with the pre-fabricated fragments (4) are pressed under high all-round pressure and high temperature into a dense compact jacket.

Abstract: An explosive shell case of the kind in which fragments are produced by bursting of the case material into a number of small particles. The case material comprises a completely dense, non-compressible material which is made with embrittling zones (4) which when the shell bursts gives fragments of a predetermined shape. The case is preferably manufactured powder-metallurgically, the embrittling zones then being formed by filling at predetermined intervals with powder with the embrittling component. The case is then pressed under high all-round pressure and high temperature into a dense, compact jacket and is imparted its final properties through heat treatment.

Abstract: Known projectiles with molded fragments are usually produced in the shape of steels or rollers produced with the aid of powder technology or in a flow compression process. The molded fragments are located in a dense packing in the wall of fragmentation bodies without being able to be brought into an orientation which is advantageous for the fragmentation effect. In order to enhance the fragmentation effect, the fragments are arranged with regard to their orientation and mutual spacing within a casting form in a pattern provided in an inner mold form, and subsequently provided with the cast material. Required through the form-fitting support of the fragments through protuberances projecting into the fragments, after the removal of the fragmentation body the recesses formed in the fragments can have incendiary charges pressed therein. Thereby the fragmentation is enhanced by the additional incendiary effect.

Abstract: An explosive fragmentation device such as a grenade or a mortar bomb has a casing formed from flat sided notched wire formed into a coil. Instead of coiling the wire so that sides of the coiled wire which are adjacent after coiling lie normal to the longitudinal axis of the coil, as in a known form of grenade body, the wire is given additionally a twist about its own longitudinal axis during coiling, so that the adjacent flat faces of adjacent turns are substantially normal to the surface of the finished casing. In this way adjacent turns overlay one another, preferably completely, and the outer surface of the casing can then be smooth. Also, adjacent turns can then be bonded together as by brazing or soldering, which is impractical with coiling "normal to the axis". This means explosive cannot be trapped between adjacent turns to be accidentally detonated, an outer casing is unnecessary, and the casing is stronger.

Abstract: The fin-stabilized projectile has an ogival projectile body having a nose portion and a base portion joined to a tail tube having a finned tailed unit. The nose and base portions are fixedly secured to respective ends of an internal connecting tube. The tube has a plurality of recesses disposed around the peripheral outer surface of the internal connecting tube. A bursting charge is formed along the outer peripheral surface of the connecting tube and the material used to form the bursting charge fills the recesses to provide a distribution of thrust forces along the length of the bursting charge, which is disposed between the nose and base portions.

Abstract: Warhead fragment size can be selectively controlled by: (1) internally or externally grooving a warhead casing; (2) providing an internal casing liner or explosive charge with a predetermined cutting groove pattern confronting the grooves in the casing; (3) positioning the liner or explosive charge groove pattern relative to the casing groove pattern so that warhead fragments of one size will be produced if the grooves in the liner or explosive charge are rendered ineffective for cutting the warhead and so that fragments of another size will be produced if the grooves in the linear or explosive charge are not rendered ineffective and therefore are utilized to cut the casing; (4) providing apparatus in the warhead for delivering a fluid such as water to the grooves in the linear or explosive charge to selectively inhibit the cutting action of those grooves to provide desired warhead fragment size(s).

Abstract: A rod for use in fragmenting warheads is notched so that when it is subjed to an explosive load it will break into individual fragments of predetermined shape and size. Various materials can be used depending on the desired kill mechanism. The rods may be alternated and stacked to combine materials and kill mechanisms.

Abstract: A rod is constructed using two or more materials. It is notched so that w it is subject to an explosive load it will break into individual fragments of predetermined shape and size. Rod materials are selected so that a combination of two or more kill mechanisms can be included in a single fragment. If desired, the rod can be divided into segments that contain liquid compounds.