Abstract: A projectile for use in a firearm ammunition cartridge, and a method of forming the projectile the projectile including a core, a jacket in which the core is disposed, the jacket having a closed rearward end and an open forward end, the forward end tapering inwardly toward a longitudinal centerline of the jacket to define an ogive portion of the projectile, and extending past a forward end of the core to form an open space inside the jacket between the forward end of the core and the forward end of the jacket, and a plurality of ventilation ports formed proximate the forward end of the jacket, each of the ventilation ports having a first opening on an inner surface of the jacket defining the open space, and a second opening on an outer surface of the jacket.

Abstract: The present invention provides a treated projectile having a reduced friction compared to an untreated projectile comprising: a projectile comprising a higher atomic concentration of Ca and a reduced friction in the treated projectile than a comparable untreated projectile.

Abstract: An adjustable case sizing die includes a die body having a threaded outer surface and a threaded inner surface. The threaded outer surface of the die body has a first pitch. The threaded inner surface of the die body has a second pitch smaller than the first pitch. A sizing insert is positionable within an interior cavity of the die body. An adjusting spindle is connected to a top of the sizing insert. The adjusting spindle has a threaded outer surface. The threaded outer surface of the adjusting spindle has the same pitch as the inner surface of the die body. The adjusting spindle is threadably insertable into the die body. Turning the adjusting spindle within the die body changes a height of the sizing insert within the die body.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for signal transmission/reception between a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system supporting an unlicensed band, and apparatuses supporting the same. Particularly, disclosed are a method for transmitting/receiving a signal and apparatuses supporting the same, wherein a base station transmits a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block through an unlicensed band, and a terminal is synchronized with the base station on the basis of the transmitted synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block.

Abstract: A liquid or powder filled cartridge is used to cool and lubricate the bore of gun barrels to eliminate cook off and improve barrel life. A primer is used to rupture the nose of the cartridge and propel the cooling material into the bore. The coolant absorbs heat from the bore of the barrel and is ejected from the muzzle of the weapon. The liquid or powder may include lubricants, preservatives, antifreeze, coolants, cleaners, or mixtures thereof, or other materials to enhance barrel performance. The liquid or powder filled cartridge is particularly well suited to externally powered weapons. Ammunition may be fed into the weapon using a mix of conventional cartridges and coolant filled cartridges. Internally cooling the barrel may be used to reduce or eliminate cook off and increase barrel life.

Abstract: A process for producing a metal foam. The process includes mechanically working a metallic powder such that oxide particles are finely dispersed within a metallic matrix of the metallic particles that make up the metallic powder. The mechanically worked metallic powder is then annealed in a reducing atmosphere, which in turn reduces the oxide particles within the metallic particles such that H2O gas molecules (steam) are formed within the metallic matrix and intraparticle porosity is produced.

Abstract: The process comprises the steps of: mixing a load of oxide ceramic material particles (10) with a load of space holder particles (20), defined by graphite and/or amorphous carbon; compacting the mixture formed by ceramic material particles (10) and space holder particles (20), to form a compact body (E); and sintering said compact body (E), so that the ceramic material particles (10) form sintering contacts with each other, whereas the carbon of the space holder particles (20) is removed by the reaction with the oxygen in the sintering medium, to form open secondary pores (II), by eliminating the space holder particles (20). The metallurgic composition comprises the mixture of the ceramic material particles (10) with the space holder particles (20).

Abstract: An artillery shell is fired out of a gun towards a fire. A trigger releases a fire-retarding material from the artillery shell to retard the fire.

Abstract: An apparatus including a bore cleaning projectile can be configured to clean a bore of a firearm as the projectile is propelled down the bore. The projectile includes a frangible capsule, a frame, a propellant providing a force to push the projectile down the bore of the firearm, and a collapsing feature configured to crush the frangible capsule when the force is applied to the frame.

Abstract: An apparatus including a bore cleaning projectile can be configured to clean a bore of a firearm as the projectile is propelled down the bore. The projectile includes a frame and a propellant providing a force to push the projectile down the bore of the firearm. The frame includes a collapsing feature that is actuated by the force provided by the propellant.

Abstract: A non-white dry marking projectile having a pigment charge containing tinted titanium dioxide and powdered pigment and process for production thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: A projectile for cap and ball revolvers and black powder rifles including but not limited to muzzleloaders, black powder cartridges etc. A soft lead body, cylindrical in form and having a front band designed to hold the projectile firmly in place prior to firing. During it's travel in the rifled bore, it then imparts spin to the projectile improving accuracy, range, and making the projectile stable during impact with intended target. Outside diameter of band is not drastic enough to negatively affect trajectory.

Abstract: The present gun barrel cleaning device provides a special cartridge with a casing filled with a carbon dioxide charge which forwardly propels a push pin having a sliding seal near the firing pin and a two-pieced break-away seal at the opposite end, which separates to push a cloth rag and metal brush through the bore when the cartridge is loaded into the gun and the gun is fired.

Abstract: A method for lubricating gun barrel bores comprises burnishing dry lubricating ceramic particulate into the metal surface of the bore such that the particles of particulate substantially fill grain boundaries in the metal. The burnishing of the particulate may be done manually or mechanically. Mechanically burnishing the particulate includes firing particulate-coated ammunition projectiles or other ammunition-firing pieces coated with particulate.

Abstract: Firearm slugs formed from a non-toxic lead substitute that includes tungsten. In some embodiments, the firearm slug is formed with a recessed back portion, thus shifting an increased percentage of the slug's net mass toward the front of the slug. In some embodiments, the firearm slug is formed with a recessed front portion. In some embodiments, the slug is a component of a slug cartridge that includes a slug cup. The slug must have a density that is less than, equal to, or greater than lead, or a lead-antimony alloy used for firearm projectiles. In some embodiments, the slug is formed via powder metallurgy from a powder that includes at least one tungsten-containing component and at least one binder. In some embodiments, the slug is cast or otherwise formed from a molten feedstock that includes at least one tungsten-containing component. In some embodiments, the slug is frangible.

Abstract: An ammunition cartridge having a bullet with a curved front end terminating in a flat nose normal to the longitudinal axis of the bullet and a casing attached to the rear end of the bullet is disclosed. The nose is provided with a centrally disposed projection and a reservoir of lubricant around the projection.

Abstract: A lubricant composition for ammunition is an admixture of (a) molybdenum disulfide, (b) a fluorotelomer lubricant, and (c) a solvent medium which is deposited onto (d) a corn cob particle absorbent. Metal particles such as BBs or other grit may be included in the composition for use with copper jacketed bullets. The lubricant composition is deposited on the bullets by tumbling or vibrating the bullets, or otherwise contacting the bullets with the lubricant composition; drying the bullets and, thereafter contacting the bullets with untreated corn cob particle.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder projectile assures radial expansion of the projectile upon impact at low velocity with a target. A hydraulic cylinder insert is disposed in an axial central bore of a projectile body. The hydraulic cylinder insert has a closed leading end, and a compression ram element is disposed in the leading end of the insert. Liquid is disposed in the cylinder aft of the compression ram element. The hydraulic cylinder insert and projectile and the method of producing the same are described and claimed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for ballistic conditioning firearm projectiles, firearms, and firearm components such as bores of barrels, by applying to such items a conditioning composition selected from the group consisting of hexagonal boron nitride, graphite, tungsten disulfide, antimony trioxide, talc, mica, and mixtures thereof, suspended in a carrier comprising a volatile solvent, and a binder selected from the group consisting of cellulosic-, alkyd- and acrylic-resins.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for ballistic conditioning firearm projectiles, firearms, and firearm components such as bores of barrels, by applying to such items a conditioning composition selected from the group consisting of hexagonal boron nitride, graphite, tungsten disulfide, antimony trioxide, talc, mica, and mixtures thereof, suspended in a carrier comprising a volatile solvent, and a binder selected from the group consisting of cellulosic-, alkyd- and acrylic-resins.

Abstract: A lubricant composition for ammunition is an admixture of (a) molybdenum disulfide, (b) a fluorotelomer lubricant, and (c) a solvent medium which is deposited onto (d) a corn cob particle absorbent. Metal particles such as BBs or other grit may be included in the composition for use with copper jacketed bullets. The lubricant composition is deposited on the bullets by tumbling or vibrating the bullets, or otherwise contacting the bullets with the lubricant composition; drying the bullets and, thereafter contacting the bullets with untreated corn cob particle.

Abstract: Coating composite material sabot parts for reducing depleted uranium corrosion and sealing the surface of a machined composite sabot commences with cleaning the composite material sabot parts. Rinsing the composite material sabot parts, drying the machined composite sabot, and wiping the composite material sabot parts with a solvent follows cleaning. A moisture resistant insulator film is applied on the composite material sabot parts. Excess material is abrasively removed and additional coats are applied. The parts are wiped with a solvent between coats.

Abstract: An aerodynamic projectile, preferably a non-lethal projectile, including a projectile shell having an aerodynamic structure and a controlled center of gravity which exhibits improved aerodynamics and resulting accuracy and which fractures in a predetermined pattern to disperse a fill contained therein. A method of making an aerodynamic projectile.

Abstract: A method of marking bullets and bullets marked by the method are described. In one embodiment, the method comprises coating the bullet of a cartridge with at least one coating material whose surface appearance contrasts with the surface appearance of the underlying bullet material. Characters are then selectively etched in, and generally substantially through, the coating, such as molybdenum disulfide. The characters are easily and quickly recognized because of the contrast between the surface appearances of the coating and that of the underlying material. The characters typically, but not necessarily, indicate characteristics of the bullet, such as bullet weight and design features.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the coating and/or ballistics conditioning of firearm projectiles and firearm components including gun barrels, firearm chambers, fully assembled cartridges, shot gun shells, shotgun wads, shot capsules and sabots with molybdenum disulfide. The composition comprises powdered molybdenum disulfide suspended in a carrier comprising a volatile solvent and a binder selected from cellulosic-, alkyd- and acrylic-resins. Methods for the conditioning of firearm bores by the formation of a hardened layer comprising a product of the reaction or interaction of molybdenum disulfide with materials in the barrel bore are also disclosed.

Abstract: A coating for a gun propellant powder wherein the graphite commonly used to coat a gun propellant powder is totally or partially replaced with molybdenum disulfide in an amount equal to or less than five tenths percent by weight of the propellant powder.

Abstract: There is provided a decoppering agent that is added to a propellant charge to remove copper from the rifling of the internal bore of a gun barrel. The decoppering agent consists essentially of a lead-free pulverized additive dispersed in a combustible binder. One suitable decoppering agent is pulverized bismuth metal, dispersed in a nitrocellulose binder. The bismuth metal either vaporizes or liquifies when the propellant charge is ignited and either embrittles or dissolves the copper deposits facilitating removal.

Abstract: A full metal jacket hollow point bullet is disclosed which has a portion of the jacket extending within the hollow open front end of the bullet. The portion of the jacket in the hollow front end has a plurality of radial slits and reinforced pointed prongs therebetween. A rearwardly extending completely empty blind bore extends from the tips of the prongs axially rearwardly into the bullet core. The base of each of the prongs is reinforced at the mouth of the front end by a fillet on each side between the ogive portion of the jacket and the base of the prong in the hollow front end. These prongs project generally radially outward upon upset of the bullet in soft tissue after passing through barrier materials such as clothing and deer hide.The jacket has a coating of copper oxide on its inner and outer surfaces which bonds the soft lead core to the jacket and minimizes lead wash.

Abstract: A match performance 0.22 caliber cartridge having improved accuracy provided as a result of being manufactured with an improved base wall construction, and a thinner, less dense, more uniform and more effectively located lubricant coating on the bullet as compared to the 0.22 caliber cartridges utilized heretofore in match competition; and as a result of a lubricant groove which is located most advantageously and is manufactured with an optimum depth.

Abstract: The muzzle loading rifle projectile has a cylindrical body, a hemispherically shaped nose and a hemispherically shaped depression in its base. The cylindrical body includes a band of diamond knurling or grooves and, adjacent the base end, a smooth band of a diameter slightly less than the outer diameter of the knurled band. A coating of lubricant is applied about at least the cylindrical body of the rifle projectile.

Abstract: A sabot comprising a substantially cylindrical body having an outside diameter, a receiving end, and a loading end located opposite the receiving end. The outside diameter is complementary to the inside diameter of the rifled bore in which the sabot is positioned during use. Located between the receiving end and the loading end of the sabot is a partition. Formed at the receiving end is a mouth for a receiving chamber. The receiving chamber extends from the receiving end to the partition. Formed at the loading end is a lip for a cupped recess. The cupped recess extends from the loading end to the partition. Annularly disposed about the cylindrical body and positioned between the receiving chamber and the loading end is at least one lubricating groove.

Abstract: Disclosed is a projectile that has high velocity at short range. The projectile has a body of material that is lighter, more lubricous and more deformable than a partial Jacket on the rearward portion of the projectile. The jacket defines an annular array of apertures on the outer diametrical surface of the jacket and the body has peripheral zones that extend into the apertures far enough to be flush with the outer diametrical surface. The peripheral zones not only provide a physical lock between the body and jacket but also lubricate the interface between the projectile and the gun barrel along which the projectile travels during firing of a gun. The apertures are configured to allow the body to erupt radially outward through the jacket's side wall and form a relatively wide, shallow dispersal pattern when the projectile impacts a target. An optional core within the plastic body enhances the body's radially outward dispersal upon the projectile's impact with a target.

Abstract: A chamber plug is arranged to include a forward chamber cylinder removably mounted relative to a rear chamber cylinder in coaxially aligned relationship utilizing an elongate fastener, wherein the elongate fastener is accessed through a wrench member as the fastener projects through the nose portion of the forward cylinder. A rubber "O" ring washer grommet projects laterally beyond the side portion of the assembled chamber plug serving as a friction material to position the chamber plug in place when tightened.

Abstract: Aerodynamic cartridge and bullet combination in which the bullet is provided with a substantially smooth, edge-free contour, and a heel having rebated boat tail. An upright wall in the cartridge is attached to the boat tail by crimping. The cartridge houses a radially expandable wad which is arranged between the bullet and a propellant. The wad permits use of harder bullets than conventionally employed in ammunition by ensuring an effective gas seal between the propellant and bullet, and heel swage out or minimal heel deformation depending on wad configuration during burning of the propellant. Etches are provided in the bullet for receiving a long-chain polymeric lubricant coating which reduces leading in the rifle barrel.

Abstract: The disclosure herein describes a frangible practice ammunition comprising a compacted mixture of fine copper powder and of a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of nylon 11 and nylon 12. The mixture which is compacted by injection molding, has at least 90% by weight of copper and a specific gravity of 5.7.

Abstract: A barrel-cleaning bullet contains a charge of cleaning fluid and an array of cleaning elements that extend about the exterior surface of the bullet. Upon firing of the bullet, a piston, slidably positioned in the cavity filled by the fluid, forces the fluid through at least one discharge port formed in the head of the bullet. The fluid is, thus, distributed along the walls of the gun barrel to treat accumulated deposits. As the projectile accelerates down the barrel, the cleaning elements contact the deposits to clean the barrel bore.

Abstract: A projectile carrier for use for the muzzle loading firearm. The carrier is formed of two separate and identical halves which abut along a common vertical plane. The two halves of the carrier when combined form a circular bottom wall and a cylindrical side wall which extends upwardly from the bottom wall. The side wall has a top opening for receiving a projectile.

Abstract: Aerodynamical air foil surface and subsurface expressions and/or impressions of varied geometrics, angles of attack, heights and depths, comprising part of a projectile surface itself to create McClain effect molecular friction/pressure/temperature reaction flight control surfaces which automatically achieve in all fluids and velocities of flight self-stabilizing spin and rotation, increased height of trajectory with corresponding enhancement of range and distance, kinetic energies, inducing smooth laminar boundary layer flows, substantially decreasing drag effects, synergistically combined to constitute a major technological improvement in performance of all projectiles. Projectile having plurality rotatable sections with aerodynamic air foil surfaces provides self-stabilized spin projectile with sections rotating in opposite directions.

Abstract: An improved invention is provided having a propellant charge; propellant-taining bag or propellant-containing container which is coated with a composition for reducing muzzle flash and gun barrel erosion, the composition comprises sodium or potassium water glass and a volatile flash suppressant of NH.sub.4 HCO.sub.3, (NH.sub.4).sub.2 CO.sub.3 and/or KHCO.sub.3.

Abstract: A high penetration bullet is provided which is made of lead and is of one piece construction. The nose of the bullet includes an outer nose portion, including an external, shaped (e.g., ogive) surface which gives the tip of the nose of the bullet its basic shape, and an inner nose portion including an internal, shaped (e.g., ogive) surface. The outer and inner nose portions are separated by a thin layer of a lubricant which is trapped between adjacent surfaces of the two nose portions when the stem or neck of an intermediate stage bullet element is peened over the inner nose portion during the formation of the outer nose portion. As a consequence of this construction, upon impact of the bullet with a target, the outer nose portion will decelerate and be impacted from behind by the trailing mass of the remainder of the bullet.

Abstract: A shotgun shell loaded with steel shot utilizes a number of magnetized steel pellets intermixed in the load in order to form clusters of pellets as the load is discharged from the shell to thereby improve the shot pattern of relatively lightweight steel shot, steel being less dense than lead. The magnetized steel pellets may be either randomly mixed throughout the load or concentrated in one or more areas of the load. If concentrated in the middle of the load, a much larger cluster of shot is believed to be expelled from the gun barrel upon discharge of the shell. A Teflon.TM. or the like coating may be applied to the steel shot, or lubricants included in the load in order to lubricate the inside of the barrel and reduce any increased tendency of the magnetized shot to wear or abrate the barrel as the shot is discharged therefrom.

Abstract: A projectile adapted to be fired by a firearm comprises anchoring means between the outer surface of the tail (3) and the corresponding inner surface of the jacket (7), and the head (2) of the core (1) is connected to the tail by a shoulder (6) and, opposite the tail, the jacket (7) has a rear portion (12) which is of greater thickness than the remainder of the jacket, this rear portion (12) having on the outside undulations (13) adapted to form circular grooves substantially at right-angles to the longitudinal axis of the projectile, a free space (14) being provided between the shoulder (6) and the corresponding part of the jacket (7).

Abstract: A composition for surface treatment of firearms and bullets provide a corrosion resistance and dry lubrication. It comprises an admixture of finely divided molybdenum disulfide and sodium molybdate in an organic solvent.

Abstract: A plurality of separate projectiles is held together in a multiple shell or cluster shell, in the form of a stack. At least two parallel springy flat bands (7) extend lengthwise around the stack. The flat bands (7) are looped around the front end and the free band ends engage the rare end of the stack with hooks (9). A tensioning element engages and holds the hooks (9) and thus the bands (7) tightly to the stack. After the shell is fired the tensioning element is served, e.g. by a cutter (19) so that the flat bands (7) spring or flare open to release and distribute the separate projectiles. The release means is equipped to either cause release immediately after the shell has left the firing tube (4) or with a delay. A front end plate (16) and a rear end plate (17) may be arranged at the ends of the stack. Intermediate plates (26) may be arranged between adjacent projectiles.

Abstract: A projectile having a piercing front end with a solid lubricant molded on the front surface for reducing friction during penetration. The lubricant is molded in a shape to receive an antenna and other electronics. The front end also has an axial hole formed therein to enhance self destruction from the sudden release of compressional strain energy accumulated during penetration through a hard target.

Abstract: A die used in a reloading press for reloading spent cartridges. The wall of the die is provided with a reservoir for liquid lubricant. A lubricating pad is provided inside the die mouth and lubricant from the reservoir is channeled to the pad. A primary reloading die feature is provided for the die, e.g. a primer removing rod, and as a cartridge is forced into the die for removal of the primer, it is additionally lubricated ready for resizing.

Abstract: A high performance ballistic grease is used in ammunition and a lubricating process to protect the barrel of a weapon from corrosion and overheating. The ballistic grease, ammunition, and process improve the structural integrity and accuracy of the weapon and are economical, nontoxic, effective, and safe. The preferred ballistic lubricating grease comprises a polyalphaolefin base oil, an amorphous silicon dioxide thickener, and a disodium octaborate tetrahydrate additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an armor penetrating projectile having a substantial length-to-diameter ratio with a penetrating sabot surrounding the projectile and utilizing a conventional sabot for lauching the projectile. The penetrator of the projectile is provided with means for receiving a material higher in density and having a lower melting point than the material of the penetrated armor for providing lubrication for the penetrator upon impact.

Abstract: A projectile having a piercing front end with a solid lubricant molded on the front surface for reducing friction during penetration. The lubricant is molded in a shape to receive an antenna and other electronics. The front end also has an axial hole formed therein to enhance self destruction from the sudden release of compressional strain energy accumulated during penetration through a hard target.

Abstract: A high performance ballistic grease is used in ammunition and a lubricating process to protect the barrel of a weapon from corrosion and overheating. The ballistic grease, ammunition, and process improve the structural integrity and accuracy of the weapon and are economical, nontoxic, effective, and safe. The preferred ballistic lubricating grease comprises a polyalphaolefin base oil, an amorphous silicon dioxide thickener, and a disodium octaborate tetrahydrate additive.