Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for recovering lactose from an aqueous lactose solution comprising a concentration step, wherein water is removed from the aqueous lactose solution by freezing out water at a temperature below the eutectic temperature of the aqueous lactose solution and at a lactose concentration higher than the eutectic concentration of the aqueous lactose solution, thereby obtaining a concentrated lactose solution; and a crystallization step, wherein at least part of the concentrated lactose solution is subjected to crystallization at a temperature above the eutectic temperature of the concentrated lactose solution, thereby obtaining lactose crystals.

Abstract: The invention relates to: —a biomimetic collagen-hydroxyapatite composite material comprising an at least partially fibrous collagen scaffold including mature native collagen fibers possessing triple helicity as shown by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy, wherein those mature native collagen fibers are at least partially covered with epitactically grown crystals of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite, whereby the epitactically grown nanocrystals have the same morphology as human bone mineral and the same size as human bone mineral, i.e.

Abstract: A method for preparing a synthetic material having an organic phase and a mineral phase which consists in preparing an initial acidic aqueous solution of collagen which is a precursor for the organic phase (I), and at least one aqueous solution of precursors for the mineral phase (II), and in precipitating the collagen by increasing the pH to a value of at least 7. The method includes the concentration of collagen in the acidic aqueous solution is at least 75 mg/ml and remains constant during said increase in pH. The mineral phase precursors have at least one calcium salt and at least one phosphate salt. The precipitation of the mineral phase (II) is carried out by bringing the mineral phase precursor solution into contact with the organic phase (I), the bringing into contact being carried out before or after the precipitation of the organic phase (I).

Abstract: Disclosed are endodontic filling materials and methods. A method for filling a dental root canal may include providing a hydrosetting filling material and inserting the hydrosetting filling material into the dental root canal, the material setting in the root canal to form a biocompatible filling. The hydrosetting filling material comprises a hydrogel former and a filler. The hydrogel former is at least one of a reactive organic hydrogel formers, an inorganic hydrogel formers, and a non-reactive organic hydrogel formers, and the filler is at least one of a self-hardening and a non-hardening filler. Plural filling material precursor compositions that collectively contain hydrogel formers and fillers may be provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water-resistant regenerated collagen fiber containing 12 wt % or more of zirconium salt in terms of zirconium oxide and 2 wt % or more of phosphorus compound in terms of phosphorus. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a water-resistant regenerated collagen fiber, and the method includes treating a regenerated collagen fiber with a zirconium salt to incorporate the zirconium salt into the regenerated collagen fiber, and then treating the regenerated collagen fiber with a phosphorus compound to incorporate the phosphorus compound into the regenerated collagen fiber, thereby obtaining a water-resistant regenerated collagen fiber containing 12 wt % or more of zirconium salt in terms of zirconium oxide and 2 wt % or more of phosphorus compound in terms of phosphorus. The present invention also relates to a fiber bundle for hair including 30 to 100 wt % of the water-resistant regenerated collagen fiber and 0 to 70 wt % of polyester-based fiber.

Abstract: Some implementations provide a composite material that includes a first material and a second material. In some implementations, the composite material is a metamaterial. The first material includes a chiral polymer (e.g., crystalline chiral helical polymer, poly-?-benzyl-L-glutamate (PBLG), poly-L-lactic acid (PLA), polypeptide, and/or polyacetylene). The second material is within the chiral polymer. The first material and the second material are configured to provide an effective index of refraction value for the composite material of 1 or less. In some implementations, the effective index of refraction value for the composite material is negative. In some implementations, the effective index of refraction value for the composite material of 1 or less is at least in a wavelength of one of at least a visible spectrum, an infrared spectrum, a microwave spectrum, and/or an ultraviolet spectrum.

Abstract: The invention relates to: —a porous biphasic calcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (CAP/HAP) bone substitute material comprising a sintered CAP core and at least one uniform and closed epitactically grown layer of nanocrystalline HAP deposited on top of the sintered CAP core, whereby the epitactically grown nanocrystals have the same size and morphology as human bone mineral, i.e.

Abstract: A passivating agent for metallic surfaces of workpieces or casting molds includes an aqueous phosphate solution with metal ions and a gelatin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bioadhesive derived from mussel. In particular, it relates to a novel Mytilus galloprovincialis foot protein type 5 (MGFP-5) and a recombinant protein that is a hybrid of MGFP-5 and foot protein type 1 (FP-1), where an adhesive protein with adhesive activity can be economically mass-produced to be used in place of chemical adhesives through the present invention.