Abstract: A binder composition includes at least: a binder base selected among an oil, a bitumen base, a pitch, a clear binder, or mixtures thereof; an acid compound of general formula (I): R—(COOH)z (I); an amide compound of general formula (II): R?—(NH)nCONH—(X)m—(NHCO)p(NH)n—R? (II), the compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) being provided in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:16. A process for manufacturing bituminous mixes including at least the binder composition and aggregates, includes at least the steps of: heating the aggregates to a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 180° C., mixing the aggregates with the binder composition, and obtaining bituminous mixes. A method for transporting and/or storing and/or handling the binder composition includes transporting and/or storing and/or handling the binder composition in the form of blocks or pellets.

Abstract: This invention relates to non-bleeding, non-staining colored speckles for use in granular or powdered detergents such as laundry detergents and automatic dishwashing detergents. The colored speckles are comprised of a salt or salt-containing carrier and a coloring agent and are characterized as being substantially uniformly colored throughout the cross-sectional volume of the speckle.

Abstract: A sustainable pavement is constructed by creating a construction structure for a hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement according to a pavement project; calculating a greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of the HMA pavement; performing a sustainable construction on the HMA pavement to modify one or more layers in the HMA pavement to form a sustainably constructed pavement; calculating a GHG emission of the sustainably constructed pavement; and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emissions of the HMA pavement and the sustainably constructed pavement.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing water-absorbing resin particles for which surface cross-linking treatment is conducted by spraying a surface cross-linking agent to a water-absorbing resin particle precursor and heating the agent and the precursor, the apparatus includes a treatment container in which the surface cross-linking treatment is conducted, a stirring device including a stirring member disposed in the treatment container, a heating device that heats an inside of the treatment container; and a spray nozzle disposed in the treatment container, the spray nozzle spraying into the treatment container the surface cross-linking agent supplied from a surface cross-linking agent supply source in an exterior of the treatment container through a supply pipe. In a flow path in the spray nozzle spanning from an entrance of the spray nozzle to a spray exit, a point whose opening cross-section is smallest in a flow path through which a fluid passes is the spray exit.

Abstract: An asphalt composition suitable for use as a shingle roof coating is described. The asphalt composition comprises an oxidized asphalt feedstock and a first concentrate. The oxidized asphalt feedstock has a softening point greater than 205° F. and a penetration of less than 15 dmm. The first concentrate includes an elastomeric polymer and an asphalt flux. The asphalt composition includes 1.5% to 4.5% by weight of the elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: A high-grade asphalt composition includes 100 parts by weight of asphalt; 40-80 parts by weight of styrene-isoprene-styrene; 20-60 parts by weight of a polymer resin; 10-50 parts by weight of an anti-rutting agent; 2-15 parts by weight of a filler; 5-30 parts by weight of ceramic nanoparticles; 5-10 parts by weight of a binder; 3-15 parts by weight of an antioxidant; 1-10 parts by weight of a stabilizer; 5-20 parts by weight of a fiber; and 2-20 parts by weight of an adhesion promoter. A construction method is provided using the asphalt composition. The present asphalt composition is not easily rutted, aged and/or stripped. At the same time, the present asphalt can prevent water penetration and potholes, can reduce noise, and enable the roads to be paved at low costs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bituminous coated materials including a granular fraction and a binder, characterised in that in the granular fraction all or part of the elements are selected from among lightweight, non-absorbent aggregates with a density of less than 1.6 t/m3 and a water absorption coefficient of less than 15%. The invention also relates to the use of light, non-absorbent aggregates with a density of less than 1.6 t/m3 and a water absorption coefficient of 3% to 15% for the production of light bituminous coated materials. The invention further relates to pavements obtained by applying at least one layer of the coated materials according to the invention and to a method for applying a surface course to a surface raised above the ground which includes a step of applying coated materials according to the invention.

Abstract: A method for generating a dissolving rubber compound in asphalt is described. The method includes receiving an asphalt compound and heating the asphalt compound to approximately 320° F. to 420° F. The method then proceeds to add a tire rubber compound to the asphalt compound. The asphalt compound and the tire rubber compound are mixed for approximately 5 minutes to 240 minutes. The dissolved rubber compound is generated by heating a mixture of the asphalt compound and the tire rubber to approximately 525° F.-700° F. The dissolved rubber compound is then cooled.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an improved system and process for the production of Hot Mix Asphalt containing High Recycle/Reclaimed Asphalt. Unlike conventional processing systems, the presently disclosed system utilizes a combination of dryer design and cyclone and wet scrubber technology to remove dust, particulate matter and oil residue from hot gas emissions produced during the process and recycles it back into the system.

Abstract: Road surface maintenance material including a core of cold-applied rubberized asphalt and an outer shell of aggregate material surrounding the core. The core and outer shell are in the shape of either a ball form, a string form, or a ribbon form.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to asphalt mixes with a high content of recycled bituminous materials including a binder modified with glycerol. The present invention further relates to a method for preparing the asphalt mixes and to the use of the asphalt mixes as materials for making courses and/or surfacing for road construction and/or civil engineering. The present invention also relates to the use of glycerol as a correcting agent for the workability and/or of the thermal cracking resistance and/or of the rutting resistance of an asphalt mix with a high content of recycled bituminous materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing cold bituminous mixes, comprising the following successive steps: a. in a mixer, coating, at ambient temperature, all of the solid mineral fractions with all of the binder in emulsion, and optionally a portion of fluxing agent, over a time interval T sufficient to observe a coating of the mix; then b. at the end of the time interval T, adding the remaining amount of fluxing agent, over a time interval t, such that the T/t ratio is greater than 2, the other mixing conditions of steps a) and b) being otherwise substantially identical. The present invention also relates to cold bituminous mixes, capable of being obtained by the process according to the invention and the use thereof for the production of wearing courses, the production of emulsion-stabilized gravels or the production of storage-grade mixes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of making a theremorevsible bituminous composition. The method includes transferring an additive to a bitumen to form a mixture, and stirring the mixture until its appearance is homogenous. The additive can be an organogelator with general formula R?—(COOH)z, where R? is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated chain having 4 to 68 carbon atoms and z is an integer varying from 2 to 4. The bituminous composition is hard at the temperature of use without increasing its viscosity when hot.

Abstract: The present invention provides a functionally dry warm mix asphalt binder composition modified with lubricating agents or additives that can be mixed with aggregate and compacted at temperatures substantially below asphalt binder compositions that do not contain the disclosed lubricating additives.

Abstract: The present invention provides a functionally dry warm mix asphalt binder composition modified with lubricating agents or additives that can be mixed with aggregate and compacted at temperatures substantially below asphalt binder compositions that do not contain the disclosed lubricating additives.

Abstract: A method for preparing a fluxing oil, having an iodine number ranging from 50 to 200, based on fatty substances of natural origin having been chemically functionalized by oxidation, includes the steps of: i) providing a fatty substance or a mixture of fatty substances of natural origin, ii) subjecting the fatty substance or the mixture of fatty substances of natural origin to at least one transesterification or esterification reaction by at least one alkanol or mono-alcohol, iii) subjecting the compound or mixture of compounds obtained at step ii) to at least one chemical functionalization reaction by oxidation introducing at least one functional group selected from carboxylic acid, epoxy, peroxide, aldehyde, ether, ester, alcohol and ketone groups, and iv) collecting the fluxing oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing an industrial asphalt comprising (1) heating an asphalt flux to a temperature which is within the range of about 400° F. (204° C.) to 550° F. (288° C.) to produce a hot asphalt flux, (2) sparging an oxygen containing gas through the hot asphalt flux for a period of time which is sufficient to increase the softening point of the asphalt flux to a value of at least 100° F. (38° C.), to produce an underblown asphalt composition; and (3) mixing a sufficient amount of a polyphosphoric acid throughout the underblown asphalt composition while the underblown asphalt composition is maintained at a temperature which is within the range of 200° F. (93° C.) to 550° F. (288° C.) to attain a softening point which is within the range of 185° F. (85° C.) to 250° F. (121° C.) and a penetration value of at least 15 dmm at 77° F. (25° C.) to produce the industrial asphalt.

Abstract: Coatings and methods are provided. An embodiment of the coating includes microcapsules that contain at least one of a corrosion inhibitor, a film-forming compound, and an indicator. The microcapsules are dispersed in a coating vehicle. A shell of each microcapsule breaks down in the presence of an alkaline condition, resulting from corrosion.

Abstract: A method of selecting an asphalt binder for use in constructing a high modulus layer of bituminous pavement is provided. This method includes measuring the complex shear modulus of one or more binders at a temperature of not more than about 30° C., measuring the creep stiffness of one or more binders at a temperature near the lowest in-service temperature at the depth of the layer at which the bituminous pavement is being placed, and selecting an asphalt binder for the high modulus layer using the complex shear modulus and creep stiffness measurements. A further aspect of the present invention is a method of formulating an asphalt binder that has a desirable complex shear modulus and creep stiffness for use in making the high modulus layer. This method of formulation includes mixing a stiff asphalt binder and a soft asphalt binder together to form a binder having a complex shear modulus of at least about 2 MPa at 30° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition, comprising: (A) an odor-emitting hydrocarbonaceous material; and (B) an odor-suppressing amount of an additive composition comprising soy methyl ester, at least one aldehyde and/or at least one ketone, and at least one carboxylic acid ester in addition to the soy methyl ester.

Abstract: It has been discovered that a synthetic flux oil can contain and deliver asphaltites, such as gilsonite, more easily and readily to an asphalt to improve its properties. The synthetic flux oil includes the asphaltite and a carrier oil. Depending on the nature of the carrier oil, the synthetic flux oil may or may not need to be heated during mixing and incorporation into the asphalt.

Abstract: A refractory repair batch material includes a refractory, in particular a basic resistor component in granule form and a binder system. The binder system contains at least one hard bitumen component in granule form, at least one ignitable metal powder and at least one combustible mineral oil.

Abstract: A road repairing material of the invention has a very excellent adhesive property and adherent property to an existing paved road surface and aggregate, and even if several years has passed since the repair, displacement, peeling, cracking and the like do not occur in the repaired spot. Besides, even if the material is exposed to air after opening of a bag, it does not change its quality and is not hardened for a long period of 3 to 5 years, and accordingly, the quantity of the material used can be selected taking a repair spot into consideration, and the remainder material can be sufficiently used for next repair work and is not required to be discarded as waste material, and therefore, the very economical road repairing material can be provided.

Abstract: A slurry mixture of sulfur in a liquid carrier comprising an ester derived from vegetable oils or animals fats such as biodiesel is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of preparing a mixture of asphalt, polymer and sulfur comprising blending together, at asphalt blending conditions, the asphalt and a slurry of sulfur particles in a biodiesel liquid carrier comprising an ester derived from vegetable oils or animal fats.

Abstract: A cutback asphalt and an asphalt emulsion comprising biodiesel is disclosed. Cutback is mixed with a sufficient amount of biodiesel to reduce the viscosity of the asphalt, producing, e.g., a cold patch material which is free of added liquid petroleum. An asphalt emulsion of fine particles of asphalt, water and, preferably, an emulsifier, can be formed which is free of added liquid petroleum.

Abstract: A curable slurry for forming ceramic microstructures on a substrate using a mold. The slurry is a mixture of a ceramic powder, a fugitive binder, and a diluent. The ceramic powder has a low softening temperature in a range of about 400° C. to 600° C. and a coefficient of thermal expansion closely matched to that of the substrate. The fugitive binder is capable of radiation curing, electron beam curing, or thermal curing. The diluent promotes release properties with the mold after curing the binder or quick and complete burn out of the binder during debinding.

Abstract: A better asphalt based sealer for driveways and the like is disclosed. The material uses as a hybrid sealer base or binder comprising a blend of pitch, asphaltic material and cut-back oil as a partial or complete replacement for pure coal tar materials. Driveway sealer (an emulsion of clay, water and binder) made with this hybrid binder has significantly better durability and color than like materials made with a binder of asphalt and cut-back oil. The hybrid binder has less odor and fewer toxins than a binder made of pure coal tar material.

Abstract: An improved asphalt mix and a process for making the same are proposed. The asphalt mix includes new aggregate and new asphalt, which are mixed together at a high temperature so that the asphalt covers the surfaces of the new aggregate. The mix further includes recycled aggregate obtained from crushing recycled asphalt concrete at an ambient temperature to such an extent that each aggregate grain will retain some asphalt on its surface. The recycled aggregate at an ambient temperature is mixed with the new aggregate covered with the new asphalt to form an asphalt composition, and to lower the overall asphalt composition temperature to, at the maximum, approximately 100° C. To the asphalt composition thus formed, additive oil is mixed to complete the asphalt mix. The additive oil has a low vapor pressure so as to be practically nonvolatile and has mutual solubility with asphalt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Performance Grade asphalt and a method for producing the same. The process includes adding a performance grade modifier and aggregates to an asphalt cement. The performance grade modifier reduces the high temperature limit and the low temperature limit of the performance grade asphalt in a ratio of about 1:1. A vacuum distilled component of recycled used lubricating oil is used as the performance grade modifier. The recycled used lubricating oil is added to the base oil and aggregate in sufficient quantities to achieve the selected operating temperature range.

Abstract: An improved asphalt mix and a process for making the same are disclosed. The asphalt mix includes aggregate grains and additive oil. The aggregate grains are obtained from crushing recycled asphalt concrete at an ambient temperature to such an extent that each aggregate grain will retain asphalt on its surface. The additive oil is preferably hydrocarbon oil having a low vapor pressure so as to be practically nonvolatile at ambient temperatures. The additive oil also has mutual solubility with asphalt at ambient temperatures. When the aggregate grains and the additive oil are mixed together at an ambient temperature, the asphalt on the surfaces of aggregate grains swells by absorbing the oil, so that the asphalt on the grains will amalgamate together when compacted at ambient temperatures to form a pavement. The asphalt concrete formed of the asphalt mix achieves sufficient strength immediately after compaction at an ambient temperature.

Abstract: An improved asphalt mix and a process for making the same are disclosed. The asphalt mix includes aggregate grains, new asphalt, and additive oil. The aggregate grains are obtained from crushing recycled asphalt concrete at an ambient temperature to such an extent that each aggregate grain will retain recycled asphalt on its surface. The new asphalt is heated and is mixed with the additive oil. The additive oil is preferably hydrocarbon oil having a low vapor pressure so as to be practically nonvolatile. The additive oil also has mutual solubility with asphalt. The mixture of the new asphalt and the oil is then mixed with the aggregate grains at an ambient temperature so that the mixture will cover the surfaces of the aggregate grains, and the recycled asphalt on the surfaces of aggregate grains will swell by absorbing the oil. The recycled asphalt on the grains is sufficiently swollen so as to amalgamate together when the asphalt mix is compacted at ambient temperatures to form a pavement.

Abstract: A paving asphalt composition for improving the durability and longevity of asphalt road surfaces is disclosed. The paving asphalt composition includes asphalt base stock, heavy residuum of re-refined motor oil, and a chemical modifier. The heavy residuum of re-refined motor oil preferably has an API gravity of at least about 12, a kinematic viscosity greater than about 400 centistokes at 140.degree. F., a flash point greater than about 400.degree. F. and a mass loss less than about 3%. The paving asphalt composition may also include a polymer. A method of forming the paving asphalt composition and a method of paving roads are also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for making asphalt involves incorporating tar sands into a hot asphalt mix process and modifying the process. The improved process involves using a heated asphalt counter-flow drum mixer to admix asphaltic cement, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate. During this mixing process, the admixture is heated to produce the asphaltic concrete. In the improved process from about 20 to about 80 percent tar sand is mixed with from about 80 to about 20 percent aggregate and from about 1 to less than about 5 percent liquid asphalt cement in a drum mixer to form an admixture, heating the admixture to a first elevated temperature (e.g., 250.degree. and 400.degree. F.) for a set period of time (e.g., 40 to about 90 seconds); and discharging the heated admixture at a second elevated temperature (e.g., from about 150.degree. to about 350.degree. F.) to produce asphaltic concrete.

Abstract: Paraffinic fluxing components, e.g., paraffinic base stocks such as neutral oils or foots oil, can be added to asphalt composition and the resulting blend oxidized, e.g., by blowing, to improve low temperature properties at low addition rates (e.g., oil 1-5 wt. %). The resulting asphalt compositions exhibit important improvements in low temperature properties, resistance to thermal cracking and expanded useful temperature range.

Abstract: An environmentally improved asphalt paving composition which contains a solvent-precipitated asphaltene, such as solvent deasphalting bottoms, and a viscosity reducing amount of paraffinic fluxing component, e.g., 325 Neutral Oil.

Abstract: A method for rejuvenating asphalt pavement includes milling and collecting a select thickness of asphalt pavement of a portion of an existing roadbed. A shale oil modified asphalt comprising between 5-25% shale oil modifier and 75-95% asphalt cement is provided. An aggregate comprising about 60-70% virgin aggregate and about 30-40% of the milled and collected asphalt is combined with the shale oil modified asphalt and then applied to a roadbed.

Abstract: A composition for coating and treating aggregate intended for use in paving applications is a blend of high temperature coal tar pitch combined with coal tar oils resulting from distilling high temperature coke oven tar to pitch having a softening point from between 100.degree. to 400.degree. F. cube in Air. The oil blend having a distillation curve to 300.degree. C. ASTM D 158 is shown in Table I, in separate embodiments as shown in columns I and II.TABLE I ______________________________________ Compositions I II ______________________________________ Aromatic Residue 0-15% 2.5-4.5% Top Tar 30-45% 0-15% BCO Tar Oil 0.005-12.4% 0.005-12.4% Heavy Oil 0.005-12.4% 0.005-12.4% Solvent 25-35% 20-35% ______________________________________This blend of coal tar pitch and oils is optionally further blended with 0.10 to 15.00% aromatic residue from fluidized catalytic cracking or thermofor catalytic cracking and thinned to the desired viscosity.

Abstract: In the production of emulsion concrete to be laid out as a road material it is customary that the applied stone fractions are mixed together with a binder, which is a bitumen emulsion based on a relatively low viscid bitumen, as the material would otherwise be very difficult to shape by the laying operation. According to the invention, the coarse stone fraction is pretreated with a rapid breaking emulsion based on high viscid bitumen, and only thereafter the fine stone fraction with low viscid binder is added. Thereby it is possible to maintain a good shapeability of the material and yet obtain a significantly improved bonding of or in the laid out material. A method for the production of asphalt concrete is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of disposing of hazardous particulate waste containing hazardous waste by forming an asphalt emulsion slurry and using the slurry as a commercial asphalt emulsion slurry seal. The method comprises the steps of:a) selecting an emulsifying agent suitable to form a stable emulsion of asphalt, water and said particulate waste;b) mixing the particulate waste and asphaltic emulsion in proportions to form an asphaltic emulsion slurry having safe leaching properties;c) utilizing said asphaltic emulsion slurry in existing commercial uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to asphalt shingles containing one or more chloride salts. The shingles disclosed herein remain flexible and pliant at sub-freezing temperatures, thereby preventing snow and ice from creeping underneath the shingles. The shingles are comprised of from 13 to 31% by weight of a chloride salt selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and mixtures thereof; and from 87 to 69% by weight asphalt.

Abstract: Cationic aqueous bituminous emulsion-aggregate slurries are disclosed to be formed with aggregate and cationic emulsions prepared at elevated temperatures by emulsifying bitumen, such as an asphalt, in water with a cation-active emulsifier prepared as the reaction product of a polyamine with certain polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides wherein there is added to the aggregate mixing water prior to the addition of the bituminous emulsion, as set retarder, the blend of the respective reaction products of (1) a C.sub.8 -C.sub.15 alkylphenol and from 15 to 100 moles ethylene oxide and (2) a polyamine or of a modified polyamine with kraft lignin or maleinized kraft lignin and, preferably, their blends certain polycarboxylic acids and anhydrides.

Abstract: Compositions of matter are disclosed which act as cure rate accelerators for bituminous emulsion-aggregate slurries which compositions are formed as the reaction products of an excess of polycarboxylic acid with a polyamine selected from fatty amines, fatty propane diamines, fatty amidoamines, and fatty imidazolines.

Abstract: Compositions of matter are disclosed which act as cure rate accelerators for bituminous emulsion-aggregate slurries which compositions are formed as the reaction products of aminoethylpiperazine and either C.sub.22 -tricarboxylic acid or C.sub.21 -dicarboxylic acid in a molar ratio of from 0.5:1 to 1:1, respectively.

Abstract: Compositions of matter are disclosed which act as cure rate accelerators for bituminous emulsion-aggregate slurries which compositions are formed as the reaction products of aminoethylpiperazine and either C.sub.22 -tricarboxylic acid or C.sub.21 -dicarboxylic acid in a molar ratio of from 0.5:1 to 1:1, respectively.

Abstract: A method for emulsification of rock asphalt, the resulting low asphalt emulsion and low asphalt emulsion binder for aggregate is disclosed. Fine mesh rock asphalt is emulsified by using a hydrocarbon fluxing agent to sufficiently wet the rock asphalt to produce a fluid mixture, followed by addition of water, small amounts of surfactant and salts, heating the fluid mix while the mixture is being gently stirred. The rock asphalt emulsion can be formed from rock asphalts having low asphalt content, as low as 5, 6, or 7% by weight and greater. Depending on the rock asphalt ore source, the emulsion is comprised of varying amounts of hydrocarbon fluxing oils which are present in sufficient volume to form a fluid mix, from less than about 25% to greater than matching parts by volume of water, and lesser amounts of surfactants and salts. These emulsions have been found to be effective as binders for limestone aggregate coatings, seal, coats, pliable mats and other surprising applications.

Abstract: Compositions of matter are disclosed which act as cure rate accelerators for bituminous emulsion-aggregate slurries which compositions are formed as the reaction products of aminoethylpiperazine and either C.sub.22 -tricarboxylic acid or C.sub.21 -dicarboxylic acid in a molar ratio of from 0.5:1 to 1:1, respectively.

Abstract: Compositions of matter are disclosed which act as cure rate accelerators for bituminous emulsion-aggregate slurries which compositions are formed as the reaction products of aminoethylpiperazine and either C.sub.22 -tricarboxylic acid or C.sub.21 -dicarboxylic acid in a molar ratio of from 0.5:1 to 1:1, respectively.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of stockable dense road asphalt that is comprised of materials, having elements of a diameter from essentially zero to 10-30 mm, coated in a cutback or fluidified bitumen-based binder. The materials are separated into at least two granulometries. The first group is a grouping of the smallest elements. The second group is a grouping of the remaining elements. The first group is coated with a first bituminous binder emulsion which is a cationic cutback or fluidified bitumen emulsion with a fracture index greater than zero and having a residual binder viscosity measured on a Standard Tar Viscosimeter (10 mm, 25.degree. C.) of less than 50 seconds. The second group is coated with a second bituminous binder emulsion which is a cationic cutback or fluidified bitumen emulsion with a residual binder viscosity measured on a Standard Tar Viscosimeter (10 mm, 25.degree. C.) of between 1000 and 2000 seconds. Both the coated groups are then mixed together for a few seconds.

Abstract: An improved process for making asphalt involves incorporating tar sands into a hot asphalt mix process and modifying the process. The improved process involves using a heated asphalt counter-flow drum mixer to admix asphaltic cement, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate. During this mixing process, the admixture is heated to produce the asphaltic concrete. In the improved process from about 20 to about 80 percent tar sand is mixed with from about 80 to about 20 percent aggregate and from about 1 to less than about 5 percent liquid asphalt cement in a drum mixer to form an admixture, heating the admixture to a first elevated temperature (e.g., 250° and 400° F.) for a set period of time (e.g., 40 to about 90 seconds); and discharging the heated admixture at a second elevated temperature (e.g., from about 150° to about 350° F.) to produce asphaltic concrete. Preferably, the aggregate has a gradation of 10 to 25 percent passing a #4 sieve, and the admixture has substantially no added fines.

Abstract: A curable slurry for forming ceramic microstructures on a substrate using a mold. The slurry is a mixture of a ceramic powder, a fugitive binder, and a diluent. The ceramic powder has a low softening temperature in a range of about 400° C. to 600° C. and a coefficient of thermal expansion closely matched to that of the substrate. The fugitive binder is capable of radiation curing, electron beam curing, or thermal curing. The diluent promotes release properties with the mold after curing the binder or quick and complete burn out of the binder during debinding.