Abstract: An improved medium for use in preparing ceramic coating compositions. The improvement resides in the employment of pantothenol as a rheology modifier in the medium.

Abstract: Thixotropic particle suspensions are prepared by controlling the quantity of dispersant composition used for particle coating to an amount which is less than that quantity that would provide a full coating of dispersant on all particles suspended.

Abstract: A new flux composition, as well as corresponding methods for soldering electronic components to printed circuit boards, is disclosed. The new flux composition includes pimelic acid and two organic solvents. Significantly, the new flux composition leaves essentially no ionic residues at the completion of the soldering processes used to mount electronic components onto printed circuit boards.

Abstract: Solvent formulations used in thinning oil-based resins and in cleaning equipment contaminated with oil-based resins include mixtures of constituents with low-, or no-toxicity and flash points generally considered to be above flammability levels. The formulations are compatible with such resins and further have drying characteristics suitable for most users. The solvating power and drying characteristics of these formulations are equivalent to turpentine and mineral spirits, but without the safety concerns associated with those thinners. The formulation components of the present invention include propylene glycol ethers comprising no more than 60% by weight of the solvent mixture, no more than 10% by weight of an isoalkane compound, and no more than 30% by weight of an oxidizing oil, and no more than 30% by weight of an odor-masking compound, preferably d-limonene.

Abstract: A magnetic composition contains an alkali-metal-doped tetraazaporphyrin derivative which is prepared by doping a tetraazaporphyrin derivative of formula (I) with an alkali metal, or an alkali-metal-doped porphyrin derivative which is prepared by doping porphyrin derivative of formula (II) with an alkali metal: ##STR1## wherein M represents at least one metal or a plurality of metals; and A represents two individual hydrogen atoms, or a condensation substituent. A magnetic toner and a magnetic ink contain the above magnetic composition as the magnetic component thereof.

Abstract: A quick drying nail tip blender and brush cleaner for use in beauty salons for the purpose of smoothly blending an edge of a synthetic nail to the surface of a natural nail comprises styrene monomer, acetone, gamma butyrolactone, flagrance and safflower oil. The compound avoids the sue of conventional chlorinated solvents.

Abstract: A dielectric suspension for use in an electrophoretic image display, electrostatic printing or the like, comprising a suspension medium including a dense fluorinated solvent and a less dense hydrocarbon solvent, a plurality of pigment particles dispersed in the suspension medium, a fluid dye dissolved in the suspension medium for providing a contrast with the pigment particles, and a charge control agent adsorbed on the pigment particles for preventing the pigment particles from agglomerating.

Abstract: A non-environmentally hazardous, non-volatile adhesive promoter composition useful in promoting the cure and/or enhancing adhesion of adhesives and for use in combination with adhesive bond polymerization. The promoter composition is a combination of a fluid carrier that remains substantially present during the curing of an adhesive composition and an active component capable of promoting the cure and/or enhancing adhesion of the adhesive and being miscible in the fluid carrier.

Abstract: A reversible thermochromic composition develops fluorescent color of yellow, yellowish orange, orange, reddish orange, or red with a high color density and high color brightness, yet gives no residual color under non-color-developing conditions, and has remarkably improved light resistance. The reversible thermochromic composition, comprising a solubilized mixture of three components of (a) an electron-donating color-developing organic compound selected from pyridine types, quinazoline types, and bisquinazoline types of compound, (b) an electron-accepting compound for the electron-donating color-developing organic compound, and (c) a compound serving as a reaction medium for causing reversibly an electron exchange reaction between the components (a) and (b) within a specified temperature range.

Abstract: A dispersion of a finely divided pigment in a composition of water, one or more water-compatible resins and, as dispersant, a polycyclic aromatic compound having a water-solubilising poly(C.sub.2-4 -alkyleneoxy) chain containing from 3 to 50 alkyleneoxy groups, characterised in that the dispersion contains from 3% to 30% by weight or resin with respect to the total weight of water and resin in the dispersion. The dispersion is suitable for the preparation of water-borne paint and inks.

Abstract: A carbonless paper solvent is provided comprising diisopropylmethylnaphthalene, generally in an amount of from 20% to 100% of the total weight of the solvent. The solvent is combined with a chromogenic substance and is encapsuled into microcapsules. The microcapsules are applied to a sheet of material and a color developing substance is then applied to another sheet to form a carbonless marking system. When the microcapsules are ruptured, the solubilized chromogenic substance contacts and reacts with the developer to form an image. In a method of the invention, a by-product fraction consisting of components with a boiling point range of 200.degree. to 400.degree. C. are contacted with propylene under conditions sufficient to form an alkylation product comprising diisopropylmethylnaphthalene.

Abstract: A polish-lacquer remover is provided that includes a volatile organic solvent, a C.sub.4 -C.sub.30 diester and water. Preferably, the combination further includes an alkylene carbonate. The compositions achieve low volatile organic chemical emissions, excellent lacquer removal and exhibit improved conditioning for cuticles and nails.

Abstract: An improved polyurethane-based water-in-water multicolor paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and a continuous phase which is characterized by disperse phase bodies of improved durability. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of a water dispersible, inert film-forming, crosslinkable polymer system; hydroxy (lower alkyl) cellulose; alkali metal carboxy (lower alkyl) cellulose; quaternized water soluble cellulose ether; peptized clay; inorganic salt of heavy or trivalent metal; and water. The continuous phase preferably is comprised of such a crosslinkable polymer system, a peptized clay and water. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.

Abstract: A solvent composition for use in pressure-sensitive copying papers comprises a mixture of vegetable oil and a mono- or di-functional ester of a fatty acid or other acid composed of a non-aromatic saturated or unsaturated straight or branched hydrocarbon chain and a single terminal carboxyl group.

Abstract: A C.sub.9 alcohol mixture for plasticizer obtained by the hydroformylation and hydrogenation of a C.sub.8 olefin mixture as the starting material obtained by the dimerization of a butene fraction, said alcohol mixture comprising from 8 to 50% by weight of a first group component having a retention time not longer than the retention time of isobutyl n-caprylate, from 8 to 40% by weight of a second group component having a retention time longer than that of isobutyl n-caprylate and not longer than that of methyl n-caprate and from 20 to 80% by weight of a third group component having a retention time longer than that of methyl n-caprate, as divided into such three components by gas chromatography using a capillary column packed with a polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 15,000 to 20,000 as an isomer separating agent.

Abstract: A remarkably low odor carbonless paper solvent is provided comprising a mixture of diisopropylbiphenyl and triisopropylbiphenyl, generally in an amount of 50 to 90% by weight diisopropylbiphenyl and 10 to 40% by weight triisopropylbiphenyl. The solvent and a chromogenic substance such as a leuco dye are encapsulated to form microcapsules which are coated onto one surface of a carrier sheet. A color developing substance is then applied to another sheet to form a carbonless marking system. When the microcapsules are ruptured, the solubilized chromogenic substance contacts and reacts with the developer to form an image.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dispersion of melanic pigments containing in a medium selected amongst: a) the straight or branched monoalcohols comprising at least 3 carbon atoms; the straight or branched polyols comprising at least 2 carbon atoms; the saturated or unsaturated cycloaliphatic alcohols comprising at least 6 carbon atoms; the aromatic alcohols comprising at least 6 carbon atoms; the C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty acid esters and C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alcohol esters or the C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 polyol esters; the C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 aliphatic acid esters or the C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 aromatic acid and fatty alcohol esters; the C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty acid esters and the C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty alcohol esters, the C.sub.6 -C.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mixture of about 10 to about 60 volume percent monochlorobenzotrifluoride, about 10 to about 60 volume percent monochlorotoluene, and about 20 to about 60 volume percent perchloroethylene. Also disclosed is a mixture of about 10 to about 30 volume percent monochlorobenzotrifluoride, about 40 to about 60 volume percent monochlorotoluene, and about 30 to about 50 volume percent perchloroethylene. The mixtures are used as solvents to form coatings of organic polymers and to clean parts.

Abstract: An improved polyurethane-based water-in-water multicolor paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and a continuous phase which is characterized by an accelerated capacity to transfer from an applicator surface to a substrate surface during paint application. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of a water dispersible, inert film-forming, crosslinkable, polyurethane polymer system; hydroxy (lower alkyl) cellulose; quaternized water soluble cellulose ether; peptized clay and water. The continuous phase preferably is comprised of such a polyurethane polymer system, a water soluble, film-forming, crosslinkable, pressure-responsive contact adhesive, a peptized clay and water. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to light and heat reactive paint or polymer stripping compositions preferably employing biodegradable components such as conjugated terpenes and related polyenes in combination with an alcohol such as a phenyl substituted benzyl alcohol for use in removing polymeric materials from substrates, in particular, cured paint from hard and/or flexible surfaces. The compositions avoid the use of methylene chloride, phenol, corrosives and caustics, methanol, toluol or acetone. Compositions according to the present invention preferably have flash points above about 49.degree. C. (about 120.degree. F.) and a pH which is preferably neutral. Methods of stripping polymeric coatings from surfaces and methods of making these compositions are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photo-reactive substantially non-toxic, non-flammable safe compositions employing primarily biodegradable components such as conjugated terpenes and related polyenes in combination with solubilizing alcohol for use in removing polymeric materials from substrates, in particular, cured paint from hard and/or flexible surfaces. The compositions avoid the use of methylene chloride, phenol, corrosives and caustics, methanol, toluol or acetone. Compositions according to the present invention preferably have flash points above about 49.degree. C. (about 120.degree. F.) and a pH which is preferably less than about 9. Methods of stripping polymeric coatings from surfaces and methods of making these compositions are also described.

Abstract: A carbonless paper solvent is provided comprising diisopropylmethylnaphthalene, generally in an amount of from 20% to 100% of the total weight of the solvent. The solvent is combined with a chromogenic substance and is encapsuled into microcapsules. The microcapsules are applied to a sheet of material and a color developing substance is then applied to another sheet to form a carbonless marking system. When the microcapsules are ruptured, the solubilized chromogenic substance contacts and reacts with the developer to form an image. In a method of the invention, a byproduct fraction consisting of components with a boiling point range of 200.degree. to 400.degree. C. are contacted with propylene under conditions sufficient to form an alkylation product comprising diisopropylmethylnaphthalene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to precursor coating compositions containing water and at least one organic solvent which are particularly suitable for being admixed with at least one supercritical fluid used as a viscosity reduction diluent and then spraying this resultant liquid mixture of supercritical fluid and precursor coating composition onto a substrate to be coated. Processes for spraying this precursor mixture are also disclosed.

Abstract: Improved cleaner compositions and methods useful for removing ink from parts of a printing press are provided. The cleaner compositions comprise a fatty acid methyl ester and a nonionic surfactant which is an ethoxylated C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 alcohol. The cleaner compositions may further comprise a mixed heteric oxide of a higher chain alcohol, and water. The cleaner compositions, which are devoid of volatile organic compounds, eliminate the need to dry the parts of a printing press, particularly the rubber blanket, which need periodic cleanings during a run. The non-volatile cleaner compositions are combinable with printing ink compositions without appreciably affecting the printing characteristics of the ink. When printing is resumed while the rubber blanket is wetted with the cleaner, the cleaner becomes blended with the formed image as the image is received by the rubber blanket and the blended mixture is then printed.

Abstract: A mixture to which ink, dye or pigments may be added producing an ink mixture which is extremely slow in evaporating from a substrate but which can be used to imprint a permanent, identifiable mark on various types of fabric and requires no acceptor on the fabric, will dry quickly on the fabric and requires no heat setting. An ink mixture which uses the above described mixture and adds to the above mixture dyes, inks, pigments and/or other materials.

Abstract: An improved polyurethane-based water-in-water multicolor paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and a continuous phase which is characterized by an accelerated capacity to transfer from an applicator surface to a substrate surface during paint application. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of a water dispersible, inert film-forming, crosslinkable, polyurethane polymer system; hydroxy (lower alkyl) cellulose; quaternized water soluble cellulose ether; peptized clay and water. The continuous phase preferably is comprised of such a polyurethane polymer system, a water soluble, film-forming, crosslinkable, pressure-responsive contact adhesive, a peptized clay and water. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.

Abstract: A polyurethane-based water-in-water multicolor paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and a continuous phase. The disperse phase contains a water dispersible, film-forming, crosslinkable, polymer system selected from among a polyurethane polymer system, a carboxylated polymer system, and mixtures thereof; as well as hydroxy (lower alkyl) cellulose, quaternized water soluble cellulose ether, peptized clay, and water. The continuous phase preferably is comprised of a polyurethane polymer system, a peptized clay and water. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.

Abstract: An aqueous solvent composition for pre-etching plastic materials prior to plating with metal consists essentially of an aqueous solution containing a component selected from diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, and mixtures thereof, and preferably containing a surfactant.

Abstract: An improved liquid spray masking composition including an effective amount of a non-volatile polyhydroxy component is provided. The preferred polyhydroxy components comprise polyglycerols, especially triglycerols or larger polyglycerols. The presence of such materials in masking compositions improves performance of the compositions with respect to inhibition of high temperature swelling, blistering or spotting of the painted surface to which it is applied.

Abstract: A cleaning solvent made up of blends of propionate esters. Propionate esters selected from the group methyl propionate, butyl propionate, propyl propionate and higher homologues, are blended with esters selected from the group methyl hydroxypropionate, ethyl hydroxypropionate and higher homologues. Blends of these esters produces cleaning effectiveness and low toxicity.The mixtures are particularly useful in electronic parts cleaning and defluxing, and for degreasing. The blending of the propionate solvents produces a selective range of evaporation rates and Flash Points.

Abstract: Water soluble salts of a .beta.-polyaspartic acid, i.e., a polyaspartic acid having predominantly beta linkages in the amino acid residue chain thereof, are eminently well suited as dispersants for particulate matter in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A solvent composition for use in pressure-sensitive copying papers comprises a mixture of vegetable oil and a mono- or di-functional ester of a fatty acid or other acid composed of a non-aromatic saturated or unsaturated straight or branched hydrocarbon chain and a single terminal carboxyl group.

Abstract: A method for dispersing a comminuted solid in an aqueous medium is described. An aqueous dispersing agent is added to an aqueous medium in an amount sufficient to disperse the comminuted solid in the aqueous medium. The aqueous dispersing agent includes from about 10 wt. % to about 55 wt. % of an amine compound selected from the group consisting of alkanolamines, triethylamine and morpholine, from about 15 wt. % to about 35 wt. % of a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and from about 0.1 wt. % to about 15 wt. % chelating agent.

Abstract: A mixture for the removal of nail lacquer comprises propylene carbonate, propylene glycol and dimethyl isosorbide and, optionally, dimethylsulfoxide.

Abstract: Veneer surface reactive polyisocyanates can be used in combination with polyhydroxy functional polymers, preferably nitrocellulose, and isocyanate reaction catalyzing organo tin compounds in low solids film-forming formulations as a substitute for standard wash coat and/or sealer coat compositions in furniture finishing schedules to provide veneer finishes with markedly enhanced resistance to checking.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mixture of about 1 to about 99 volume percent monochlorotoluene and about 1 to about 99 volume percent monochlorobenzotrifluoride. Also disclosed is a mixture of about 10 to about 60 volume percent monochlorotoluene, about 10 to about 60 volume percent monochlorobenzotrifluoride, and about 30 to about 60 volume percent perchloroethylene. The mixtures are used as solvents to form coatings of organic polymers and to clean parts.

Abstract: Finely divided mica based pigments coated with about 5-20% by weight, based on the weight of the pigment, of an alkylene glycol alkyl ether that can be added directly to a coating composition and blended with the coating composition and a process for coating the pigment with the alkylene glycol alkyl ether and blending the coated pigment into a coating composition.

Abstract: The treatment of an uncured or partially cured rubber surface with a solvent mixture of n-heptane and specified hydrocarbon(s). The treatment is to add building tack. Cured adhesion can also be enhanced. An appropriate solvent mixture is provided. An article can be produced thereby as a cured assembly of rubber components.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a tacky surface area on a styrenic resin, such as a polystyrene label. A thin film is applied of an alkyl, aryl or alkaryl ester of a phosphorus oxyacid providing a tacky area suitable for bonding to another surface. A composition particularly useful for bonding polystyrene labels to bottles is a solid alkyl, aryl or alkaryl ester of a phosphorus oxyacid and a cosolvent selected from terpenoids and aromatic compounds having a flash point of at least 35.degree. C. and a boiling point between 100.degree. C. and 260.degree. C.

Abstract: A masking system including a water soluble liquid masking composition to be spray-applied in film form to a limited area of a configured surface having a contiguous area to be coated for suppressing dust in the limited area and to prevent dust from migrating to and marring the quality of the coating, comprising an aliphatic polyhydroxy liquid carrier in which are dispersed a thickener and surfactant, the viscosity of the film being such that it remains substantially continuous on a vertical panel.

Abstract: A method of improving the scrub resistance of a paint is provided. The method involves adding to a paint containing at least one polymeric binder having a glass transition temperature greater than about 20.degree. C. and an average particle size diameter of from about 70 nanometers to about 150 nanometers when said binder is formed from at least one acrylic monomer or from about 100 nanometers to about 50 nanometers when said binder is formed from at least 50% by weight of vinyl acetate, at least one coalescent at a concentration of at least about 10% by weight based on the weight of the polymeric binder and where said coalescent is a solvent for the polymeric binder. The method is particularly useful for improving the scrub resistance of flat latex paints.

Abstract: A polyurethane-based water-in-water multicolor paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and a continuous phase. The disperse phrase preferably is comprised of a water dispersible, film-forming, crosslinkable, polyurethane polymer system; hydroxy (lower alkyl) cellulose; quaternized water soluble cellulose ether; peptized clay; and water. The continuous phase preferably is comprised of such a polyurethane polymer system, a peptized clay and water. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.

Abstract: A liquid pigment composition for master-coloring polyamides is described, which is comprised of a pigment and a pigment dispersant composed of a polymeric material selected from liquid polyesters and a liquid polyether esters, each having a hydroxyl value of 30 to 120 mg.KOH/g. The amount of the pigment dispersant is usually 30 to 3,000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the pigment. A master-colored polyamide yarn also is described which contains, based on the weight of the yarn, 0.01 to 2% by weight of a pigment ingredient and up to 6% by weight of the above-mentioned pigment dispersant.

Abstract: A C.sub.9 alcohol mixture used to make a plasticizer obtained by the hydroformylation and hydrogenation of a C.sub.8 olefin mixture as the starting material obtained by the dimerization of a butene fraction, said alcohol mixture comprising from 8 to 50% by weight of a first group component having a retention time not longer than the retention time of isobutyl n-caprylate, from 8 to 40% by weight of a second group component having a retention time longer than that of isobutyl n-caprylate and not longer than that of methyl n-caprate and from 20 to 80% by weight of a third group component having a retention time longer than that of methyl n-caprate, as divided into such three components by gas chromatography using a capillary column packed with a polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 15,000 to 20,000 as an isomer separating agent.

Abstract: Versatile coalescing agents for water-borne coating applications are disclosed. The coalescents comprise propoxylated propylene glycol tert-butyl ether and one or more organic solvents, particularly glycol ethers. These coalescents efficiently reduce minimum film-forming temperature, and also have a dramatically reduced tendency to swell resins compared with prior art coalescents.

Abstract: Liquid solutions for cleaning plastic and metallic surfaces and methods of cleaning such surfaces using the solutions are disclosed. The solutions may be used to clean audio/video tapes and tape-engaging parts, computer diskettes, electrical components, video screens, etc. The solutions comprise an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon solvent, a glycol ether, and, optionally, a monohydric branched alcohol having 4 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Polyaniline fibers are spun from stable solutions of the polymer in certain amine solvents.

Abstract: A composition for use as wood stain comprises water, a cosolvent such as glycol, a system binder such as mineral oil, baby oil or a long-oil alkyd resin emulsion, and a printing ink dispersion as the coloring agent. The composition is transparent and translucent, easy to apply, quick to dry, does not separate into components or phases and can be formulated in a large variety of vivid and uniform colors. Thus, a water-based wood stain is provided which is expected to meet or exceed expected United States Environmental Protection Agency standards. A principal advantage of the composition is provision of an enormous range of colors which can be certified as consistent in color match by existing color specification systems, e.g., Pantene color matching system.

Abstract: A water-in-liquid hydrocarbon multicolored paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and a continuous phase. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of water soluble, film-forming, crosslinkable, carboxylated polymer; crosslinking agent; hydroxy (lower alkyl) cellulose; cationic quaternized water soluble cellulose ether; peptized clay and water. The continuous phase preferably is a hydrocarbon composition containing film-forming polymer, wax and thickener. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.

Abstract: A water-in-water multicolored paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and a continuous phase. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of water soluble, film-forming, crosslinkable, carboxylated polymer; crosslinking agent; hydroxy (lower alkyl) cellulose; cationic quaternized water soluble cellulose ether; peptized clay; and water. The continuous phase preferably is comprised of a gel of peptized clay and water. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.