Abstract: The invention relates to a product for the internal coating of a pipeline component (1), in particular a metal pipeline component, comprising an internal wall (4) of high curvature. This product comprises a solid charge and a liquid. The liquid is a solution of an alkali metal silicate and the solid charge comprises sand, between 20 and 30% by mass of a binder which sets chemically by reaction with the liquid, and between 4 and 10% by mass of plasticizing adjuvants. The solid charge and the liquid are intended to be mixed (in 5) with a liquid/binder ratio by mass of between approximately 0.3 and 0.45. Application to pipelines for discharge of waste water made of spheroidal graphite cast iron.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for eliminating trash comprising the steps of transporting trash over a transporting device; selecting recyclable trash and rigid metals from non-recyclable trash; removing recyclable trash and rigid metals; feeding non-recyclable trash in a grinding device; grinding non-recyclable trash, mixing ground trash with other compounds; and forming a construction element Furthermore, the present invention describes an ecological mixture for construction comprising from about 5% to about 50% of cement; from 0% to about 40% of sand; from 0% to about 40% of gravel, from about 30% to about 95% of ground trash; and water as needed to make the ecological mixture for construction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rigid fine-celled light-weight foam composition and a method of producing it which has improved retention of liquids by absorption/adsorption which improves the thermal insulation and fire retardant properties of the fine-celled foam particularly suited for use in double walled tanks and hollow canopies, building panels, profiles, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are amorphous precipitated silicas, silica gels, and amorphous carbons derived from biomass and methods of producing them with and without adhered or deposited amorphous carbons produced by acidifying a caustic silicate solution produced by caustic digestion of biomass ash containing silica with and without activated carbon, the ash being obtained from thermal pyrolysis of the biomass, the acidifying effective to produce a slurry of the precipitated silica and silica gels with and without adhered or deposited amorphous carbon, and separated from the slurry the precipitated silicas and silica gels with and without the adhered or deposited amorphous carbons. The properties of the precipitated silica with adhered or deposited carbon being within the range as utilized in rubber compositions thereby avoiding the blending of silica and carbon components for such use.

Abstract: A coating composition for preventing or reducing the amount of labile particulate matter released from a surface of a material which comprises a water soluble alkali metal silicate, or acrylic polymer latex and a surfactant. The coating composition is particularly applicable to the materials used for thermal and acoustical insulation, and most particularly to the coating of silicon containing materials.

Abstract: According to the invention, apparatus for processing and exploiting previously ground-up waste (1) that has had any ferrous metal content cleared therefrom and that has a water content lying in a given range, comprises a reaction chamber (21) enabling mineralizing agents to be added and to react therewith, the agents including at least an alkaline-earth hydroxide such as quicklime and an alkaline-earth salt such as calcium carbonate, reaction taking place at a temperature greater than 130.degree. C. and less than the pyrolysis temperature of the components of the waste that are most sensitive to being decomposed by heat.

Abstract: A cementitious composition comprising 0.1 to about 7.5 percent by weight of a solid residual oxidation product from the combustion of an aqueous emulsion of a naturally occurring asphalt from the Orinoco Belt of Venezuela which contains from about 100 to about 1500 ppm by weight of magnesium in the form of a water soluble magnesium salt, which product from the combustion contains magnesium sulfate present in the amount of from about 0.05 to about 4 percent by weight of the cementitious composition and from about 92.5 to about 99.95 percent by weight of a hydraulic silicate cement material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a silicate compound having at least one alkaline oxide and silicon dioxide-containing amorphous binder matrix and also containing oxides from the aluminum, calcium, titanium, magnesium, zirconium, and/or boric oxide group. To provide a silicate compound which is suitable for both making a moulding and coating a substrate, resistant to effects like weathering, especially through alternate frost and thaw, and attack by acids, lyes or fouling, it is proposed that the amorphous binder matrix contain 4 to 25 mol silicon dioxide per mol alkaline oxide, the alkaline oxide being lithium, sodium, and/or potassium oxide and the amorphous binder matrix also contains up to 80 mol aluminum oxide and/or up to 45 mol calcium, titanium, magnesium, zirconium, and/or boric oxide evenly distributed per 100 mol silicon dioxide.

Abstract: An inorganic binder composition has a first constituent which is a poly(sialate) or a poly(sialate-siloxo) admixed with a second constituent which has one or more of: fly ash F, fly ash C, fumed silica, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, pozzolan, ground slag, nephelene cyanite, anhydrous aluminum silicate, hydrous aluminum silicate, hydrous sodium hydroxide, silicic acid, potassium salt, and sodium salt.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hardening composition characterized by comprising (A) a slag composition containing 0 to 37 wt. % of CaO, 23 to 90 wt. % of SiO.sub.2, and 0 to 40 wt. % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.1 to 50 wt. % of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of iron oxide, alkali components, phosphorous components, titanium dioxide, manganese oxide, and magnesium oxide, and/or 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a halogen; and (B) an alkaline activator. The invention is also directed to a hardened product obtained by mixing the hardening composition with water. The properties of the hardened product are suitable for use as various concrete materials, and therefore, refuse-incinerated ashes sewage sludge, etc. are effectively utilized and recycled as a resource.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rigid fine-celled foam composition and a method of producing it. The foam composition is nontoxic, environmentally friendly, has improved absorption/adsorption and retention of liquids, is not as hard as prior art foams, does not include polymerization by-products detrimental to flower and plant life, and is a foamed mixture of a caustic silicate solution derived from the caustic digestion of rice hull ash having diffused activated carbon particles from thermal pyrolysis of rice hulls rather than from commercial sodium silicate solutions. Valuable by-products of commodity grade are obtained including activated carbon and sodium fluoride.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of eliminating high chloride-containing incinerator ash and incinerator ash-residue mixtures, without generating excessive heavy metal-containing effluents during the actual vitrification of the ash. The process involves first pretreating the incinerator ash or ash-residue mixture, if needed, whereby the resultant ash contains less than about 3% halogen by weight and less than about 3% C.. Following the pretreatment, the ash is dried and then mixed with any additives needed to make up a vitrifiable batch mixture which will, when subsequently vitrified, form a glass possessing an excellent acid durability. A durability whereby such that the weight loss of the glass in 5% HCl solution at 95.degree. C. is 2.0 mg/cm.sup.2 or less in 24 hours. This durability results in minimal or non-detectable leaching of hazardous heavy metal or non-metallic specie and is sufficient enough durability such that the vitrified glass will easily pass the EPA's test for leachability.

Abstract: Rapid curing, high strength cementitious binder mixtures are provided containing fly ash and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal silicate binder that has a weight ratio of SiO.sub.2 :M.sub.2 O of about 0.20:1 to about 0.75:1 wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, 1/2Ca and 1/2Mg. The cementitious binder mixtures can be mixed with aggregates to provide mortar and concrete mixtures. Any of the binder, mortar and concrete mixtures can be cured under elevated temperatures to yield high strength products.

Abstract: A ceramic kiln-fired product which comprises glass, fly ash, and a clay binder. Further provided is a method for preparing raw material suitable for forming a shaped, kiln-fired, ceramic product. The method comprises mixing glass, fly ash, and a clay binder with from about 10 wt. % to about 15 wt. % water, on a dry weight basis, to form an aqueous mixture, separating the aqueous mixture using a mesh of from about 10 to about 12 screen into first and second portions, the first portion comprising the aqueous mixture which does not pass through the mesh and the second portion comprising the aqueous mixture which passes through the mesh, and drying the second portion until the moisture content of the second portion is less than about 0.5 wt. % to form the raw material. The present invention also provides a tile glazing formulation which may be used with the ceramic product of the present invention, as well as a method of using the formulation. The glazing formulation comprises, on a dry weight basis, about 70 wt.

Abstract: Manufactured aggregates and/or composites having incorporated therein an asphaltic oxidation product.

Abstract: A method of recovering steel plant waste revert materials including blast furnace flue dust and sludges involves mixing the revert materials with water to provide a total moisture content of about 14-20% by weight, then adding Portland cement as a sole binder, mixing, and, when the water content is limited to about 18 to 20%, casting the mixture onto the ground in the form of a slab or, when the water content is limited to about 14 to 16% and an accelerator for curing the cement is used, casting the mixture onto a conveyor in the form of preformed streams, curing the cast mixture and breaking it up to provide 1/2 inch to 5 inch agglomerate particles that can be recycled to the blast furnace.

Abstract: A suspension-type grouting liquid for injection into a ground includes sodium aluminate having a mol ratio of 10 or more; and slag, wherein the mol ratio of sodium aluminate is defined as molar concentration of Na.sub.2 O/molar concentration of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. Preferably, the slag is fine grained and has a specific surface area of 8000 cm.sup.2 /g or more. The grouting liquid may further include at least one additional material selected from the group consisting of cement and dispersant. Preferably the cement is fine grained and has a specific surface area of 8000 cm.sup.2 /g or more. The grouting liquid shows high strength of consolidation in use in spite of having a low viscosity and a long gelation time, and shows a long duration of the strength of consolidation. Another embodiment of the grouting liquid includes water glass having a mol ratio of 2.5 or less; and slag, wherein the mol ratio of the water glass is defined as molar concentration of SiO.sub.2 /molar concentration of Na.sub.

Abstract: The method of the invention provides a geopolymeric binder in powder, used for the ultra rapid treatment of materials, soils or mining tailings, containing toxic wastes. Said geopolymeric binder has a setting time equal to or greater than 30 minutes at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and a hardening rate such as to provide compression strengths (Sc) equal to or greater than 15 MPa, after only 4 hours at 20.degree. C., when tested in accordance with the standards applied to hydraulic binder mortars having a binder/sand ratio equal to 0.38 and a water/binder ratio between 0.22 and 0.27. The preparation method includes the following three reactive constituents:a) an alumino-silicate oxide (Si.sub.2 O.sub.5, Al.sub.2 O.sub.2) in which the Al cation is in (IV-V) coordination as determined by MAS-NMR analytical spectroscopy for .sup.27 Al;b) a disilicate of sodium and/or potassium (Na.sub.2.K.sub.2)(H.sub.3 SiO.sub.4).sub.

Abstract: A homogeneous dry particulate cement mixture in ready-to-use form is provided, which comprises ground blast-furnace slag having a specific surface area of 500-750 m.sup.2 /kg and ground fly ash having a specific surface area of 500-750 m.sup.2 /kg, in a weight ratio in the range of 20/80-70/30, and further comprises the following components in the amounts indicated, calculated on the total mixture: at least 2% by weight of portland cement clinker and 2-12% by weight of sodium silicate (calculated as Na.sub.2 O+SiO.sub.2). When processed, the cement mixture yields a mortar or a concrete having improved strength properties as well as a good resistance against an acidic environment.

Abstract: A cement composition for temporary, environmentally sound structures, including berms for erosion and flood control, comprising portland cement, flyash, sodium silicate, water and aggregate in predetermined amounts to obtain a pumpable cement composition having less than 2 inches of slump and a 28 day compressive strength of between about 100 and about 400 psi.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat insulation product of mineral fiber wool. The curable binding agent of the product is an aqueous suspension containing water glass and slag. The slag reacts hydraulically with the alkalis or the water glass yielding water resistant bonds. During the preparation of the product, the suspension of water glass and slag is agitated before being applied onto the product. The curing of tile binding agent can be carried out immediately or at a later time. Curing may be effected at room temperature or at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: The method of the invention provides a geopolymeric binder in powder, used for the ultra rapid treatment of materials, soils or mining tailings, containing toxic wastes. The geopolymeric binder has a setting time equal to or greater than 30 minutes at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and a hardening rate such as to provide compression strengths (Sc) equal to or greater than 15 MPa, after only 4 hours at 20.degree. C., when tested in accordance with the standards applied to hydraulic binder mortars having a binder/sand ratio equal to 0.38 and a water/binder ratio between 0.22 and 0.27. The preparation method includes the following three reactive constituents:a) an alumino-silicate oxide (Si.sub.2 O.sub.5,Al.sub.2 O.sub.2) in which the Al cation is in (IV-V) coordination as determined by MAS-NMR analytical spectroscopy for .sup.27 Al;b) a disilicate of sodium and/or potassium (Na.sub.2,K.sub.2)(H.sub.3 SiO.sub.4).sub.

Abstract: A process for recycling household waste, garbage or trash into useful articles including in one preferred embodiment the steps of collecting the waste material, feeding the waste material into a pulverizer to convert the material to a powdery mass, adding water to the mass to form a slurry, adding a binder to the slurry to inhibit bacteriological growth, pouring or otherwise forming the slurry into a useful shape such as a block, or sheet, and allowing the formed shape to air dry under relatively low humidity. The resulting useful article may then be used as a building block, wall board, ceiling tile and so on. In an alternative example, the binder is added directly to the pulverized waste material to produce a useful article such as a flexible roof shingle.

Abstract: This invention provides a process meeting the EPA's PFRP standard for WWTS treatment thereby producing a readily usable end-product in either soil-like form or semi-impermeable low load bearing, mass form. The process includes mixing WWTS with lime and fly ash, to cause a temperature increase to above 70.degree. C. for at least 30 minutes and to cause the pH to exceed 12 for at least 2 hours. The end-product may be compacted to produce an semi-impermeable, durable mass or the soil-like product may be used as landfill cover material.

Abstract: A combination of a dehydration process for dehydrating sewage sludge by mixing a quicklime-containing material with the sludge, a cement conversion process for introducing the solids produced by the dehydration process into a cement kiln with other cement raw materials to yield cement, and a gas treatment process for introducing gases generated in the dehydration process into a cement burning process, thereby enabling conversion of the sewage sludge into cement without releasing wastes, with a reduction in fuel consumption for the cement burning, and a reduction in NOx content of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: The present invention describes a filter medium and a method of filtering metals from liquids, such as waste water, in which the metals are filtered from the liquids and are chemically fixed in the resulting filter cake in a nonhazardous and nontoxic form so that they may be disposed of in nonhazardous landfills. When all or a portion of the metals are dissolved, they are first precipitated and then filtered and chemically fixed.

Abstract: Compound concrete composition for the manufacture of moulds, comprising: (1) a binder which comprises an alkaline-earth mineral substance, a constituent made up of fine particles of a compound other than an oxide, 90% of which have a particle size of between 1 and 150 .mu.m with a median diameter of between 3 and 20 .mu.m, these fine particles comprising particles of a substance which has a thermal conductivity higher than approximately 30 W/mK, chosen from silicon carbides, silicon carbonitrides, silicon nitrides, boron carbides, titanium carbides and tungsten carbides and a constituent made up of ultrafine particles at least 70% of which have a particle size smaller than 1 .mu.m with a median diameter of between 0.3 and 0.8 .mu.m, (2) water optionally with the addition of a dispersant, and (3) fillers comprising metal granulates and metal fibres, wherein the water/binder ratio is lower than 0.20 and the concrete composition has a thermal conductivity at 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Macro defect free cementitious products are obtained by curing or firing a cementitious composition comprising water, a reactive filler and a water soluble alkali metal silicate.The products show good strength and heat and water stability, by contrast with known mdf products where leaching out of the polymers used results in decreased strength.

Abstract: The present invention describes a filter medium and a method of filtering metals from liquids, such as waste water, in which the metals are filtered from the liquids and are chemically fixed in the resulting filter cake in a nonhazardous and nontoxic form so that they may be disposed of in nonhazardous landfills. When all or a portion of the metals are dissolved, they are first precipitated and then filtered and chemically fixed.

Abstract: Initial granulated blast furnace or phosphatic slag is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 1000.degree.-1200.degree. C. in oxidizing gas atmosphere to produce an active mineral additive for binding materials.

Abstract: A composition for the production of an open-pore foam product from essentially inorganic components contains, in addition to known components, a rock-forming solid substance, a curing agent, a foaming additive, and an at least partly alkali-soluble protein to produce open pores. The rock-forming component is a reactive solid substance selected from the group consisting ofI finely dispersed oxide mixture containing amorphous silicon dioxide and aluminium oxide,II vitreous, amorphous electrofilter ash,III milled calcined bauxite,IV electrofilter ash from a brown coal power station,V undissolved amorphous silicon dioxide from an amorphous disperse powder-like, dehydrated or water-containing silicic acid or from high temperature processes (silica fume),VI metakaolin, andVII cement.The curing agent is an alkali metal silicate solution containing 1.2 to 2.5 mols of silicon dixoide per mol of potassium oxide and/or sodium oxide.

Abstract: A cement based on blast-furnace slag and fly ash, characterized in that the cement is a homogeneous dry particulate mixture in ready-to-use form, which comprises blast-furnace slag having a specific surface area of 500-650 m.sup.2 /kg and fly ash in a weight ratio in the range of 20/80-60/40, and further comprises the following components in the amounts indicated, calculated on the total mixture: at least 2% by weight of portland cement clinker and 2-12% by weight of sodium silicate (calculated as Na.sub.2 O+SiO.sub.2).

Abstract: Disclosed is the solidification and chemical fixation of wastes using biogenetic primarily amorphous silica to the waste at ambient temperature and pressure in the presence of a strong alkali and sufficient water in the waste which converts the biogenetic silica into a soluble silicate and sufficient water to form the soluble silicate, and in the presence of a polyvalent metal ion in the waste which reacts with the formed soluble silicate to provide a cementitious product of the waste. In the event there is insufficient strong alkali or water present in the waste to convert the biogenetic amorphous silica to a soluble silicate, and insufficient polyvalent metal ion in the waste to harden and form a cementitious product, amounts of these components as necessary can be added along with the biogenetic silica to the waste.

Abstract: Impermeabilization and/or consolidation product for soils and building materials, usable by injection, characterized by the fact that it is obtained by mixture of a compound of slag in suspension in water and of a silica liquor having a ratio of SiO.sub.2 Na.sub.2 O lower than 2 and a silica content greater than about 10% by weight.

Abstract: A composition for preparing artificial stone materials has the following formulation (mass %):soluble glass: 3-65limestone: 1-75aqueous solution of an acid with pH 1-4: 5-52This composition ensures the production of a wide range of high-strength structural and heat insulating materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is the solidification and chemical fixation of wastes using biogenetic primarily amorphous silica to the waste at ambient temperature and pressure in the presence of a strong alkali and sufficient water in the waste which converts the biogenetic silica into a soluble silicate and sufficient water to form the soluble silicate, and in the presence of a polyvalent metal ion in the waste which reacts with the formed soluble silicate to provide a cementitious product of the waste. In the event there is insufficient strong alkali or water present in the waste to convert the biogenetic amorphous silica to a soluble silicate, and insufficient polyvalent metal ion in the waste to harden and form a cementitious product, amounts of these components as necessary can be added along with the biogenetic silica to the waste.