Physical Introduction Of Gas (e.g., By Mixing, Agitation, Injection, Whipping, Etc.) Patents (Class 106/682)
  • Patent number: 10301182
    Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing trichlorosilane from tetrachlorosilane in an efficient manner. The apparatus includes an inlet through which reaction raw materials including a metal silicon powder dispersed in liquid tetrachlorosilane enter, a hole through which a gaseous reaction raw material is fed, an outlet through which reaction products including trichlorosilane exit, a tubular reactor in which the reaction raw materials entering through the inlet react with each other during flow, and means for impeding the flow of the fluids to cause collision of the fluids during flow.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 13, 2015
    Date of Patent: May 28, 2019
    Assignee: LG CHEM, LTD.
    Inventors: Yoo Seok Kim, Jeong Kyu Kim, JinHyoung Yoo, JungWoo Lee, Eunsu Jang
  • Patent number: 10157693
    Abstract: A neutron moderation material for use in a BNCT beam shaping assembly. The neutron moderation material comprises three elements, i.e., Mg, Al, and F, wherein the mass fraction of the Mg element is 3.5%-37.1%, the mass fraction of the Al element is 5%-90.4%, and the mass fraction of the F element is 5.8%-67.2%; the sum of the weights of the Mg, Al, and F elements is 100% of the total weight of the neutron moderation material. The neutron moderation material may be doped with a small amount of 6Li-containing substances, and the addition of the 6Li-containing substances effectively decreases the content of ?-rays in epithermal neutron beams.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 2018
    Date of Patent: December 18, 2018
    Assignee: NEUBORON MEDTECH LTD.
    Inventors: Yuan-Hao Liu, Wei-Lin Chen
  • Publication number: 20140238665
    Abstract: A method for manufacturing stable lightweight cement slurry in a continuous manner for downhole injection comprising the steps of manufacturing a foamed gas having desired density ranging from about 2.15 to about 2.35 lb/cubic ft. and utilizing foam stabilizing nonionic surfactant. And, an apparatus for carrying out the method.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 25, 2013
    Publication date: August 28, 2014
    Inventor: Charles D. Welker
  • Patent number: 8801851
    Abstract: A foamed concrete having a density from 100 to 800 kg/m3 including by mass relative to the total mass of the concrete: a cement; water; from 0.01 to 5% of a water-reducing agent, plasticizer or superplasticizer; from 0.45 to 5% of a foaming agent relative to the amount of water; from 0.01 to 5% of a water-soluble calcium salt; inorganic particles from 0.1 to 300 ?m in size; the ratio of foaming agent to calcium salt being from 0.3 to 0.8; excluding foamed concretes including 10% or more by mass of slag.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 16, 2011
    Date of Patent: August 12, 2014
    Assignee: Lafarge
    Inventors: Pierre-Henri Jezequel, Benoit Mathonier
  • Patent number: 8523997
    Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide cellular phosphate bodies formed using specialized steps to ensure a specific strength range, and specifically a compressive strength less than 100 pounds per square inch. Further embodiments relate to uses for various phosphate ceramics as vehicle arresting systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 14, 2011
    Date of Patent: September 3, 2013
    Assignee: Engineered Arresting Systems Corporation
    Inventors: Silvia C. Valentini, Youhong Li, Anthony Mario Coratolo
  • Publication number: 20130180717
    Abstract: A method of preparing a concrete composition for downhole injection includes utilizing a controller to control a process including circulating process water in a process water supply loop for a predetermined period while monitoring and controlling the temperature and flow rate of the process water, circulating aqueous-based air entrainment solution in an aqueous-based air entrainment solution supply loop for the predetermined period and controlling the flow rate of the aqueous-based air entrainment solution and after the predetermined period of time in which the flow of process water and aqueous-based air entrainment solution have stabilized, simultaneously actuating valves to divert and mix the process water, the aqueous-based air entrainment solution and compressed air to produce an air-entrained foam and mixing the foam with a concrete composition to be deployed downhole.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 5, 2013
    Publication date: July 18, 2013
    Inventors: Charles D. Welker, Norman Scott Smith
  • Patent number: 7819993
    Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a weight-saved foamed gypsum board having a gypsum core with high strength and excellent adhesion properties of the gypsum core with base papers for gypsum board, which method is capable of adjusting the sizes of pores in a gypsum core of a weight-saved gypsum board product into a desired range in a short time and at a low cost, even if the kinds and the compounding ratios of gypsum raw materials vary.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 15, 2003
    Date of Patent: October 26, 2010
    Assignee: Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Masanobu Seki, Yoshitsugu Nakamura
  • Patent number: 7544242
    Abstract: Effective use of dispersants in wallboard containing foam results from a method where stucco is mixed with a first dispersant and a first quantity of water to form a gypsum slurry. A soap is blended with a second dispersant and a second quantity of water to make a foam. Subsequently, the foam is combined with the slurry. Choice of different first and second dispersants and their relative amounts allows control of the size distribution of the foam bubbles in the slurry and the resulting voids in the gypsum core. Use of the same dispersant in both the mixer and the foam water provides a boost in efficacy of the dispersant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 9, 2006
    Date of Patent: June 9, 2009
    Assignee: United States Gypsum Company
    Inventors: Qingxia Liu, Michael P. Shake, David R. Blackburn, Stewart Hinshaw
  • Patent number: 7441600
    Abstract: The present invention provides foamed cement compositions with improved mechanical properties and methods of cementing in subterranean formations, particularly in conjunction with subterranean well operations. The foamed cement compositions comprise carbon fibers, a hydraulic cement material, sufficient water to form a slurry, an expanding additive, and optionally other ingredients including a weighting agent, a retarding or accelerating agent, or the like.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 9, 2003
    Date of Patent: October 28, 2008
    Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
    Inventors: Lance E. Brothers, Krishna M. Ravi, Anthony V. Palmer
  • Patent number: 7395860
    Abstract: The present invention provides settable compositions that comprise water and cement kiln dust. The settable compositions optionally may comprise an additive that comprises at least one of the following group: fly ash; shale; slag cement; zeolite; metakaolin; and combinations thereof. The settable compositions optionally may be foamed with a gas. Methods of cementing also are provided that comprise: providing the settable composition; introducing the settable composition into a location to be cemented; and allowing the settable composition to set therein. The location to be cemented may be above ground or in a subterranean formation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 9, 2005
    Date of Patent: July 8, 2008
    Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
    Inventors: Craig W. Roddy, Jiten Chatterji, D. Chad Brenneis, Bobby J. King
  • Patent number: 7191834
    Abstract: A method of cementing in a subterranean formation that comprises providing a foamed cement composition that comprises water, a cement, a gas, and an additive, the additive comprising an anionic foaming agent and at least one of an anionic foam stabilizer or a Zwitterionic foam booster; placing the cement composition into the subterranean formation; and allowing the cement composition to set therein is provided. Foamed cement compositions, additives for foaming and stabilizing a cement composition, and methods of reducing the density of a cement composition, also are provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 22, 2004
    Date of Patent: March 20, 2007
    Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
    Inventors: Samuel J. Lewis, Michael J. Szymanski, Kristi D. Thacker
  • Patent number: 7063738
    Abstract: A permeable cement composition comprises an aqueous slurry of a hydraulic cement including a water-immiscible dispersed fluid phase, such as oil or gas, and a hollow particulate material, the hollow particulate material being one which breaks down in the presence of the cement so as to leave voids which together with the dispersed phase create a permeable structure in the cement.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 11, 2001
    Date of Patent: June 20, 2006
    Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation
    Inventors: Samuel Danican, Bruno Drochon, Simon James, Beilin Ding
  • Patent number: 6953505
    Abstract: The present invention relates to stable and biodegradable foamed cement slurries, additives and methods. A foamed cement slurry of the invention comprises a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to form a foam and a biodegradable foaming and stabilizing additive comprising a mixture of a capryl/capramido propyl betaine surfactant and a capryl/capramido propyl dimethyl amine oxide surfactant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 19, 2004
    Date of Patent: October 11, 2005
    Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
    Inventors: Jiten Chatterji, D. Chad Brenneis, Bobby J. King
  • Patent number: 6843843
    Abstract: It is an object of the invention to effectively absorb and remove CO2 in an exhaust gas generated during an industrial process for reducing an amount of exhausting CO2 into the atmospheric air. The exhaust gas containing CO2 is blown into the agglomerate of solid particles containing CaO and/or Ca(OH)2 to contact CO2 to the agglomerate for fixing CO2 in the exhaust gas as CaCO3, thereby to reduce the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas. Preferably, the solid particles contain water, and more preferably, the solid particles contain surface adhesive water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 2001
    Date of Patent: January 18, 2005
    Assignee: NKK Corporation
    Inventors: Tatsuhito Takahashi, Tsuneo Isoo, Makoto Kato, Haruyoshi Tanabe
  • Patent number: 6387174
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for rapidly carbonating large cement structures, by forming and hardening cement in a mold under high carbon dioxide density, such as supercritical or near-supercritical conditions. The method is more reliable, efficient, and effective than are post-molding treatments with high-pressure CO2. Cements molded in the presence of high-pressure CO2 are significantly denser than otherwise comparable cements having no CO2 treatment, and are also significantly denser than otherwise comparable cements treated with CO2 after hardening. Bulk carbonation of cementitious materials produces several beneficial effects, including reducing permeability of the cement, increasing its compressive strength, and reducing its pH. These effects are produced rapidly, and extend throughout the bulk of the cement—they are not limited to a surface layer, as are prior methods of post-hardening CO2 treatment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 10, 2001
    Date of Patent: May 14, 2002
    Assignee: Board of Supervisors of Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
    Inventors: F. Carl Knopf, Kerry M. Dooley
  • Patent number: 6372037
    Abstract: An improved non-dispersing set retarder additive for foamed cements, cement compositions containing the additive, and methods of cementing in a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore are provided. The set retarder additive includes a blend of a sulfonated lignin, preferably a lignosulfonate, with an alkali lignin, preferably a kraft lignin, having an organic sulfur content of 0-3.5% by weight in a ratio of about 6:4 to 8:2. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of preparing a foamed cement composition comprised of hydraulic cement, a non-dispersing set retarder, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to foam the slurry and a foaming and foam stabilizing surfactant present in an amount sufficient to facilitate the formation of the foam and stabilize the foamed cement composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 12, 2000
    Date of Patent: April 16, 2002
    Assignee: LignoTech USA, Inc.
    Inventors: Stuart E. Lebo, Jr., Shane L. Resch
  • Patent number: 6264736
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for rapidly carbonating large cement structures, by forming and hardening cement in a mold under high carbon dioxide density, such as supercritical or near-supercritical conditions. The method is more reliable, efficient, and effective than are post-molding treatments with high-pressure CO2. Cements molded in the presence of high-pressure CO2 are significantly denser than otherwise comparable cements having no CO2 treatment, and are also significantly denser than otherwise comparable cements treated with CO2 after hardening. Bulk carbonation of cementitious materials produces several beneficial effects, including reducing permeability of the cement, increasing its compressive strength, and reducing its pH. These effects are produced rapidly, and extend throughout the bulk of the cement—they are not limited to a surface layer, as are prior methods of post-hardening CO2 treatment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 13, 1998
    Date of Patent: July 24, 2001
    Assignee: Board of Supervisors of Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
    Inventors: F. Carl Knopf, Kerry M. Dooley
  • Patent number: 6210476
    Abstract: The present invention provides improved foamed well cement compositions and methods. The foamed cement compositions have improved properties and are basically comprised of hydraulic cement, amorphous silica surface treated with a mixture of organosilane coupling agents, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to foam the slurry and a mixture of foaming and foam stabilizing surfactants present in an amount sufficient to facilitate the formation of the foam and stabilize the foamed composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 7, 1999
    Date of Patent: April 3, 2001
    Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
    Inventors: Jiten Chatterji, Roger S. Cromwell, Baireddy R. Reddy, Clyde R. Anderson, David E. McMechan
  • Patent number: 6033780
    Abstract: The fine particles of peraloid porous hydroxyapatite are provided, which have an atomic ratio of Ca/P in a range of 1.62-1.72 and the chemical formula Ca.sub.5 (PO.sub.4).sub.3 (OH). The particles are comprised of micropores having a petaloid porous structure not only on the surface but also in the inside of the particles, and have the specific particle diameter of the specific particle size, micropore diameter of the specific particle size, the specific surface of the specific range, static and pressurized percentage of voids of the specific range. The particles have superior dispersibility and are useful in the fields such as carriers for pharmaceuticals and so on, adsorbents, absorbents, sustained-release materials, filtering agents, biological materials, fillers for plastics, and anti-blocking agents for films and so on.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 5, 1998
    Date of Patent: March 7, 2000
    Assignee: Maruo Calcium Company Limited
    Inventors: Hidehiko Nishioka, Shigeo Takiyama, Minoru Hanazaki
  • Patent number: 5897701
    Abstract: Pulp fibers derived from wood or non-wood plants or recycled paper products are individualized and dispersed in water, and mixed into cement-based mixtures using conventional mixing procedures at relatively low dosages of about 0.3-30 kg of fiber per cubic meter of concrete. Once individualized, the affinity of plant pulp fibers for water facilitates their dispersion in normal cement-based mixtures. Fresh cement-based materials incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers provide desirable workability, resistance to segregation and bleeding, pumpability, finishability, and reduced rebound when pneumatically applied. Hardened cement-based materials incorporating the dispersed individualized plant pulp fibers provide improvements in crack resistance, toughness, impact resistance, fatigue life, abrasion resistance, and other mechanical, physical and durability characteristics.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 1997
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1999
    Assignee: DPD, Inc.
    Inventors: Parviz Soroushian, Jer-Wen Hsu
  • Patent number: 5897699
    Abstract: The present invention relates to improved foamed well cement compositions, additives and methods. The additives, which foam and stabilize a cement slurry containing freshwater or saltwater, are basically comprised of an aqueous solution of an alpha-olefinic sulfonate surfactant and a betaine surfactant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 23, 1997
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1999
    Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
    Inventors: Jiten Chatterji, David D. Onan, Roger S. Cromwell, Bobby J. King
  • Patent number: 5824148
    Abstract: The invention relates to an improved sound absorbing cementitious composition and method of making involving a preformed foam solution made from a surfactant, such as an ammonium salt of a sulfated linear alcohol ethoxylate surfactant, preblended with water at a dilution ratio in a range of water to surfactant of from about 40:1 to 10:1. Thereafter, the preformed foam solution is combined with components including cement(s), aggregate(s), water and optional additives. The composition provides for an open cellular surface capable of absorbing sound.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 16, 1997
    Date of Patent: October 20, 1998
    Inventor: Charles E. Cornwell
  • Patent number: 5820670
    Abstract: The present invention provides resilient cement compositions and methods which are particularly useful in the construction and repair of oil and gas wells. The cement compositions have improved mechanical properties including elasticity and ductility.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 3, 1997
    Date of Patent: October 13, 1998
    Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
    Inventors: Jiten Chatterji, Bobby J. King, Patty L. Onan, David D. Onan
  • Patent number: 5782970
    Abstract: A lightweight insulating concrete is produced from a cement mix containing sawdust, diatomite, bentonite, and lime. The addition of rock salt and the entrainment of air bubbles results in a concrete with a high compressive strength, high thermal resistance (R) values (up to 30 to 40 times that of standard concrete), and excellent acoustical properties. The new insulating concrete is one third the weight of standard concrete. The composition is fire retardant, insect proof, and is very easy to clean up. Methods for producing cementitious materials include a process for manufacturing strong, lightweight, waterproof building products such as wall panels and roof panels. The mixture can be easily pumped for walls and floors. A well-insulated, cost-effective floor that has a slight give to it is excellent for gymnasium floors. This material is used for residential, light commercial, and agricultural buildings.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 3, 1995
    Date of Patent: July 21, 1998
    Assignee: Composite Industries of America, Inc.
    Inventor: Joseph M. Zawada
  • Patent number: 5690729
    Abstract: A method of reinforcing cement/concrete mixtures with alkali-intolerant reinforcements and/or aggregate, such as uncoated, common glass filament, plastic filament, fabric and roving made therefrom by reducing the pH of the mixture while in its plastic state, and/or after it has set and cured, to about 7. With a neutral pH, the alkali-intolerant reinforcements need not be coated to protect them from degradation. In the absence of alkalinity, the reinforcement and/or aggregate material bonds with the cement mixture to form a relatively stronger mixture, which can be shaped as desired, made part of permanently poured structures, cement boards and many other small and large products. By selecting appropriate and, if desired, different materials for the reinforcements and/or aggregate, the strength, flexibility, etc. characteristics of the product can be readily changed to adapt the product to the intended use. The pH is reduced by migrating such materials as CO.sub.2 and/or CO and O.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 27, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 25, 1997
    Assignee: Materials Technology, Limited
    Inventor: Roger H. Jones, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5520729
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing heat-insulating material from silicate-containing material, hydrated lime, water, foam and a reactive aluminates-containing quick-setting cement, from which a pourable raw mixture is produced which is poured into molds, the green moldings formed in the molds being demolded and autoclaved after sufficient setting. To achieve very low bulk densities, it is provided that, as silicate-containing material, a quartz powder with a specific surface area according to BET of at least approx. 3 m.sup.2 /g, in particular approx. 4 to 5 m.sup.2 /g, is used, the raw mixture is produced with a weight ratio of water/solids (excluding foam) of at least approx. 1.25 and an essentially stoichiometric amount, with respect to the virtually complete reaction of the quartz powder and the reactive aluminates, of hydrated lime with a surface area according to BET of at least approx. 15 m.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 8, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 28, 1996
    Assignee: SICOWA Verfahrenstechnik fur Baustoffe GmbH & Co. KG
    Inventors: Hanns-Jorg Engert, Thomas Koslowski
  • Patent number: 5393341
    Abstract: A method for the production of structural foam from air, water, foaming agent and an aggregate, particularly cement foam, for which cement slurry is blown under high pressure into a mixing chamber and mixed with a foaming agent and the mixture immediately thereafter is conveyed to an expansion nozzle, into which metered amounts of compressed air are blown.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1995
    Assignee: RUME Maschinenbau GmbH
    Inventors: Dieter Meier, Heinz Ruppert
  • Patent number: 5339902
    Abstract: A method of cementing a well casing or liner in a well bore wherein an annulus exists around the exterior of the casing or liner. The method comprises the step of placing a foamed cement slurry composition in the annulus. A method of treating a well bore comprising the steps of: (a) filling an uncased portion of the well bore with a foamed cement slurry composition; (b) allowing the cement composition to harden; and (c) drilling a hole through the hardened cement composition along at least a portion of the uncased portion of the well bore.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 23, 1994
    Assignee: Halliburton Company
    Inventors: Kirk L. Harris, Robert B. Carpenter, Ronald E. Himes, E. Dwyann Dalrymple, Jeffrey A. Dahl, Bruce D. Thomas
  • Patent number: 4938627
    Abstract: The present invention comprises a method of grouting a slipliner in a sewer or drain pipe using foam cements having a specific gravity less than 1.0 and have adequate compressure strength to maintain the slipliner in position within the sewer or drain pipe.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 7, 1989
    Date of Patent: July 3, 1990
    Assignee: Halliburton Company
    Inventor: Lindsey D. Lee