Abstract: The present description provides high working capacity adsorbents with low DBL bleed emission performance properties that allows the design of evaporative fuel emission control systems that are lower cost, simpler and more compact than those possible by prior art. Emission control canister systems comprising the adsorbent material demonstrate a relatively high gasoline working capacity, and low emissions.

Abstract: Provided herein is a joint compound having a composition to allow tools to easily clean up, comprising water, at least one inert filler, and a binder comprising a sulfonated starch, and a method of preparing the joint compound.

Abstract: A building product comprises calcium sulphate dihydrate particles bound by an organic binder. The calcium sulphate dihydrate particles each have a longest dimension and a lateral dimension, wherein the lateral dimension corresponds to the maximum breadth of the particle about the axis defined by the longest dimension. The calcium sulphate dihydrate particles have a low aspect ratio such that for at least 75% of the calcium sulphate dihydrate particles, the value of the lateral dimension is at least 20% of the value of the longest dimension.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gypsum composition, a gypsum board and their preparation method and the use of DHA as an anti-sagging additive in a gypsum product. Said gypsum board comprises set gypsum prepared from the composition; while said composition comprises gypsum, and an anti-deformation additive, wherein the anti-deformation additive comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of dehydroascorbic acid, dehydroascorbate and semidehydroascorbic acid. The set gypsum prepared from the said composition shows better anti-sagging or deformation resisting property. The gypsum product of the present invention is hardly distorted and has stronger stability even in the condition of high humidity, thus improve the quality of the gypsum product to meet the demands of the customer.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of binder compositions for construction, more specifically it relates to the use of carboxymethylchitosan as flocculating additive and setting accelerator in binder compositions of the cement, cement mortar, concrete, grout, stucco and similar type. The invention also relates to binder compositions comprising carboxymethylchitosan, as well as to the method for their preparation.

Abstract: Disclosed are product (e.g., panels), slurry, and methods relating to a pregelatinized starch having a mid-range viscosity (i.e., from about 20 centipoise to about 700 centipoise).

Abstract: The invention generally provides gypsum-containing slurries including stucco, naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, and pregelatinized starch. The naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of about 0.1%-3.0% by weight based on the weight of dry stucco. The pregelatinized starch is present in an amount of at least about 0.5% by weight up to about 10% by weight of pregelatinized starch by weight based on the weight of dry stucco in the formulation. Other slurry additives can include trimetaphosphate salts, accelerators, binders, paper fiber, glass fiber, and other known ingredients. The invention also comprises the gypsum-containing products made with such slurries, for example, gypsum wallboard, and a method of making gypsum wallboard.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of binder compositions for construction, more specifically it relates to the use of carboxymethylchitosan as flocculating additive and setting accelerator in binder compositions of the cement, cement mortar, concrete, grout, stucco and similar type. The invention also relates to binder compositions comprising carboxymethylchitosan, as well as to the method for their preparation.

Abstract: The invention provides a set gypsum-containing product having increased resistance to permanent deformation and a method for preparing it comprising forming a mixture of a calcium sulfate material, water, and an appropriate amount of one or more enhancing materials chosen from condensed phosphoric acids, each of which comprises 2 or more phosphoric acid units; and salts or ions of condensed phosphates, each of which comprises 2 or more phosphate units. The mixture is then maintained under conditions sufficient for the calcium sulfate material to form a set gypsum material.

Abstract: A plaster slurry composition includes plaster, water and starch, the starch having a Brookfield viscosity of less than 60 cps at a temperature below 60° C. and a Brookfield viscosity greater than 10,000 cps at a temperature of 70° C.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to compositions and methods for the preparation of stucco slurry compositions. The compositions and methods involve replacing typically used starches with modified high amylose starches that can be used in the normal wallboard manufacturing process. The compositions and methods provide wallboards having increased core strength and increased paper-to-core bond integrity compared to standard wallboards made from slurries with reduced water levels.

Abstract: The formulation for making plasterboard with paper cover sheets comprises finely divided gypsum, a minor amount by weight of starch and, as crosslinking agent for the starch, a tri-functional reactive s-triazine having substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6 of the triazine ring which are reactive with the starch. A preferred crosslinking agent is 2,4,6-trichloro-s-triazine, which is preferably partially reacted with the starch before further reaction with the paper cover sheets for the plaster board.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polysaccharide derivatives having an adjusted particle morphology for use in the preparation of a hydrolytically setting composition having an adjusted lump rating. The invention further relates to a method of adjusting the lump rating of a hydrolytically setting composition comprising adjusting the particle morphology of a particulate polysaccharide derivative. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a hydrolytically setting composition comprising a particulate polysaccharide derivative having an adjusted particle morphology. The invention is also directed to various uses of the particulate polysaccharide derivative having an adjusted particle morphology.

Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for introducing a wet gypsum accelerator or other high viscosity production additive to an aqueous dispersion of calcined gypsum in a discharge apparatus downstream of a stucco mixer in which the dispersion was prepared. These methods and systems are useful in the production of various gypsum products such as board including wallboard and ceiling tiles.

Abstract: An about ? inch to ¾ inch thick low weight, low density gypsum panel with fire resistance capabilities sufficient to provide a Thermal Insulation Index of at least 17.0 minutes which when subjected to U419 test procedures will not fail for at least 30 minutes and, in selected embodiments, also has outstanding water resistance properties.

Abstract: The invention provides a set gypsum-containing product having increased resistance to permanent deformation and a method for preparing it comprising forming a mixture of a calcium sulfate material, water, and an appropriate amount of one or more enhancing materials chosen from condensed phosphoric acids, each of which comprises 2 or more phosphoric acid units; and salts or ions of condensed phosphates, each of which comprises 2 or more phosphate units. The mixture is then maintained under conditions sufficient for the calcium sulfate material to form a set gypsum material.

Abstract: The present invention describes a fire resistant building material composition, useful for example as a fire door core and to a method of making this composition where the building material of the present invention is prepared from an aqueous slurry of calcined gypsum, paper fibers, a water insoluble organic binder, fiber reinforcement and a set retarder.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that include a method of cementing comprising providing a cement composition comprising water, a hydraulic cement, and an additive comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a stevia retarder and inulin; placing the cement composition in a subterranean formation; and permitting the cement composition to set in the formation.

Abstract: Additives for application in construction chemistry are proposed comprising an organic and/or inorganic core component A) with rheology-enhancing properties and a shell component B) applied to the same by virtue of physical and/or chemical interactions which acts as a coating. Component A) should be a of water-soluble and/or water-swellable and/or water-absorbable compound of the non-cellulose type with viscosity-enhancing properties in the final application. The shell component B) should preferably be a film-forming polymer which is able to release component A) during the application in construction chemistry in a retarded manner such as for example polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and polyethylene glycol. Component B) can be composed of several layers and comprises at least one reactive layer.

Abstract: An example embodiment of a mixture to be employed in conjunction with water for preparing a slurry that hydrates to form a high strength flooring compound comprises about 50% to about 98% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate, about 0.002% to about 1% by weight polysaccharide, and about 0.02% to about 2.5% by weight of a lignosulfanate.

Abstract: The invention generally provides gypsum-containing slurries including stucco, naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, and pregelatinized starch. The naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of about 0.1%-3.0% by weight based on the weight of dry stucco. The pregelatinized starch is present in an amount of at least about 0.5% by weight up to about 10% by weight of pregelatinized starch by weight based on the weight of dry stucco in the formulation. Other slurry additives can include trimetaphosphate salts, accelerators, binders, paper fiber, glass fiber, and other known ingredients.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing a composite material suitable for the manufacturing of gypsum wallboard and ceiling tile applications, produced by co-calcining dihydrate (gypsum) to hemihydrate/stucco and cooking of unmodified/raw starch to cooked starch together. The method disclosed improves the standard wallboard and ceiling tile processing techniques thereby lowering the manufacturing cost of both products. The co-calcining of gypsum and the unmodified starch together eliminates the calcining of dihydrate ground gypsum (powder natural or synthetic gypsum) and cooking of unmodified starch (powder) separately prior to using the materials in the wallboard and ceiling tile formulations. The unmodified starch can be also added to the gypsum rocks during the grinding and calcining process to produce composite material. Furthermore, unmodified starch can be added to the wet synthetic gypsum such as FGD (flue gas desulphurization etc.), dried or dried and calcined together.

Abstract: A carbohydrate-gypsum composite for use as a bonding agent in manufacturing gypsum construction materials is disclosed. The composite includes a carbohydrate substituted with sulfate moieties such as cellulose sulfate and a crystalline calcium sulfate dihydrate. The composite may be used in bonding paper cover sheets to a gypsum core to form a gypsum wallboard. Also disclosed are methods of making the composite and methods of making gypsum wallboard with the composite.

Abstract: An example embodiment of a mixture to be employed in conjunction with water for preparing a slurry that hydrates to form a high strength flooring compound comprises about 50% to about 98% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate, about 0.002% to about 1% by weight polysaccharide, and about 0.02% to about 2.5% by weight of a lignosulfanate.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed for a mixture to be used in conjunction with water for preparing a slurry that hydrates to form a high strength flooring compound. The mixture includes from about 50% to about 98% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate. A three repeating unit polycarboxylate dispersant is included in the mixture in amounts from about 0.2% to about 10% by weight. The repeating units include a polyether repeating unit, an acrylic acid-type repeating unit and a maleic acid-type repeating unit. A modifier that enhances the efficacy of the dispersant is also a component of the mixture. When combined with recommended amounts of water, a slurry is formed that is useful as a flooring composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to implantable compositions, and method for preparing same, containing a calcium salt-containing component, optionally demineralized bone, a plurality of discrete fibers, optionally a flow additive, and optionally continuous reinforcing fibers or an array of organized fibers in the form of mesh. Advantageously, the discrete fibers have a specific aspect ratio (length/diameter) from about 50:1 to about 1000:1. The addition of a small amount of discrete fibers and/or the continuous reinforcing fibers or fiber mesh can cause drastic increases in certain mechanical properties including flexural strength, flexural toughness, and/or screw pullout strength.

Abstract: The invention provides a set gypsum-containing product having increased resistance to permanent deformation and a method for preparing it comprising forming a mixture of a calcium sulfate material, water, and an appropriate amount of one or more enhancing materials chosen from condensed phosphoric acids, each of which comprises 2 or more phosphoric acid units; and salts or ions of condensed phosphates, each of which comprises 2 or more phosphate units. The mixture is then maintained under conditions sufficient for the calcium sulfate material to form a set gypsum material.

Abstract: An initial chemical composition comprising selected surfactants, dispersants, and degreasers that liquefy, disperse, demulsify, degrease, inhibit corrosion and scale formation, and lower the pour point of a petroleum, coal, Fischer-Tropsch synthesized, or naturally occurring paraffin-based wax and asphaltene. Such a product is capable of converting crystalline wax (paraffin) in, for example, slop oil into an amorphous form of wax at room temperature, allowing the wax to be dissolved in, for example, crude oil without the need for heating, and maintaining it in solution at room temperature, substantially reducing, indeed in some applications, preventing, for example, wax build-up in pipelines, processing and transportation equipment, etc., and the recovery of the hydrocarbons in the slop oil. In a second aspect of the invention, the pre-blend addition of a hydrotrope-demulsifier, a chelating agent and a wax plasticizer can result in a BS&W of zero for the recovered hydrocarbon blend.

Abstract: A materials system and methods are provided to enable the formation of articles by three dimensional printing. The materials system includes particulate mixtures having a whitening agent and a solid particulate additive comprising an acid, the latter adapted for modifying a cure rate of an infiltrant. The materials system also includes aqueous fluids including optical brightening agents.

Abstract: Gypsum products and method for the preparation thereof are disclosed. The gypsum products comprise an interlocking matrix of set gypsum that is formed from a composition comprising calcined gypsum, water and acoustical tile.

Abstract: In conjunction with water, a mixture can be used to prepare a sprayable slurry that hydrates to form a machinable plaster composition. The mixture includes from about 80% to about 98% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate, from about 1% to about 5% by weight adhesive binder for adhering said plaster mixture to a substrate and from about 0.001% to about 10% of a polysaccharide. The mixture is made into a slurry by the addition of from 10% to about 50 weight water based on the weight of the mixture.

Abstract: A conformable coating for application to a soil substrate for barrier, adhesive, and planting properties includes a mixture of recycled or virgin materials, including organic fibrous material from wood based material and cotton based material, and gypsum bearing materials to which an effective amount of psyllium and its processes derivatives are added to form a solids mixture, which is diluted with an amount of water sufficient to provide a flowable consistency.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is the use of particular polysaccharides as admixtures for mineral materials, especially as admixtures for mineral binders. These polysaccharides have, characteristically: a weight-average molecular weight Mw of at least 500 g/mol and at most 9000 g/mol, especially between 700 and 7000 g/mol; and a degree of branching DB of at least 10%, especially between 10 and 40%. The invention also relates to the combined use, in mineral materials, including especially mineral binders, of these particular polysaccharides on the one hand and of certain other admixtures on the other hand, for example admixtures, of saccharidic or nonsaccharidic type, having a plasticizing, superplasticizing or other functionality.

Abstract: An in situ ionic interaction between two additives, one a cationic strength enhancing additive and one an anionic crosslinking additive, is used to improve the mechanical properties of an article formed from a composite material. The composite has a discrete phase bound together with a film of the additives, such as gypsum crystals bound together by a film of substituted starch or cellulose ether.

Abstract: An inorganic-organic composite comprises an inorganic phase, such as gypsum crystals, and a film forming organic phase. The film forming organic phase is selected from substituted starches having a degree of polymerization; degree of substitution and viscosity such that the substituted starches are insoluble in water during mixing but dissolve at a higher processing temperature during forming, setting or drying of the composite. Thus, excessive migration of the substitute starch is prevented and the composite is substantially strengthened.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of water-soluble polysaccharide derivatives as dispersing agents for mineral binder suspensions. A partially hydrolyzed cellulose containing carboxyl groups and optionally hydroxyalkyl and/or sulfate groups and/or a partially hydrolyzed amylose-rich starch which also has sulfoalkyl groups with 1 to 4 carbon atoms is used as the polysaccharide derivative. These polysaccharide derivatives have a low viscosity and an excellent plasticizing effect in mineral binder suspensions, especially in those based on cement, lime and/or gypsum.

Abstract: A water retaining additive for conglomerate building materials, free of cellulose-like derivatives, that comprises at least a rheological grade clay, preferably sepiolite, and a modified natural gum such as guar gum, as well as conglomerate compositions that contain the additive, as well as the use of the additive for different constructions materials comprised of gypsum and special mortars are described.

Abstract: Compositions useful for the preparation of lightweight, high strength wallboards, and methods of making same are disclosed. The composition includes a slurry of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (stucco), water, starch, and a foam. The foam acts to provide large bubbles within the core slurry, thereby lightening the weight of the wallboard. The composition and method provide wallboards having lighter weights compared to standard wallboard, increased core strength, and increased paper-to-core bonding.

Abstract: A gypsum wallboard that exhibits antimicrobial characteristics is disclosed. A method for making the wallboard is also disclosed. Suitable antimicrobial agents that may be applied to the wallboard or any components thereof include propiconazole, sodium pyrithione, tolyl diiodomethyl sulfone; tebuconazole; thiabendazole; 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate; and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Compositions useful for the preparation of lightweight, high strength wallboards, and methods of making same are disclosed. The composition includes a slurry of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (stucco), water, starch, and a foam. The foam acts to provide large bubbles within the core slurry, thereby lightening the weight of the wallboard. The composition and method provide wallboards having lighter weights compared to standard wallboard, increased core strength, and increased paper-to-core bonding.

Abstract: Emulsions are provided which are useful in imparting water resistance to gypsum products. In one embodiment, the emulsions comprise a plurality of waxes, at least one saponified wax, a complexed starch, a polymerized alkyl phenol, and a small amount of a co-surfactant. In another embodiment, the emulsions comprise a single wax, a balanced dual surfactant system, a complexed starch and a polymerized alkyl phenol. Emulsions of this embodiment may be added to hot, even boiling, water without the emulsion separating or curdling. The emulsions of the present invention are stable for extended periods of time when stored at room temperature and do not require the addition of a bactericide. The emulsions of the present invention are pourable liquids at room temperature.

Abstract: Emulsions are provided which are useful in imparting water resistance to gypsum products. In one embodiment, the emulsions comprise a plurality of waxes, at least one saponified wax, a complexed starch, a polymerized alkyl phenol, and a small amount of a co-surfactant. In another embodiment, the emulsions comprise a single wax, a balanced dual surfactant system, a complexed starch and a polymerized alkyl phenol. Emulsions of this embodiment may be added to hot, even boiling, water without the emulsion separating or curdling. The emulsions of the present invention are stable for extended periods of time when stored at room temperature and do not require the addition of a bactericide. The emulsions of the present invention are pourable liquids at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides adhesive and binder compositions comprising a potato peel product characterized on a dry solids basis by at least 30% starch, at least 5% protein and at least 2% fibers.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved wallboard joint compound comprising an inorganic joint compound such as, for example, gypsum, mixed with water, plus one or more additives selected to reduce the moisture in the gypsum compound and improve the strength of the finished wallboard joint. The first additive is selected from a class of water soluble functional polymer with either nitrogen or sulfonate, such as, for example, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). A second additive is selected from a class of solid epoxy resins, preferably added together with the first additive. These two additives, when mixed with the joint compound alone or in combination, produced a more flexible, higher strength wallboard with a reduce moisture content and quicker drying time.

Abstract: A plaster mixture for forming a machinable composition, includes calcium sulfate hemihydrate; an internal lubricating dispersable binder, and an adhesive binder for adhering the plaster mixture to a substrate. In the preferred embodiment, the composition includes calcium sulfate hemihydrate, a poly(ethylene glycol) internal binder, and an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive binder.

Abstract: A novel wallboard composition is disclosed comprising a unique combination of synthetic binders selected for their ability to establish a strengthened permanent bond in the final dry state for use in a wallboard composition comprising primarily gypsum, and in a wallboard composition comprising an expanded mineral such as Perlite which largely reduces the amount of gypsum over current gypsum wallboard formulations, thus reducing the weight while maintaining the strength of the wallboard structure. In a preferred embodiment, the lightweight, strengthened wallboard of the present invention also comprises an optional covering veneer that is applied to the top ply of the face paper to provide increased strength, moisture resistance, and fire retardency, and the back paper top ply is treated to provide increased flexural strength.

Abstract: A two part joint compound which sets by hydration of calcium sulfate hemihydrate to gypsum and is clay-free. One part includes an in-situ acidic acrylate copolymer thickener (i.e., an associative thickener) with the calcium sulfate hemihydrate, along with a non-calcium bearing phosphate set preventer. The first part contains water, but remains unset for at least 175 days. The second part includes a set initiator compound having a cation with a log K value greater than calcium ions. The second part is mixed with the first part when setting is desired.

Abstract: A composition for accelerating the setting reaction of an aqueous calcined gypsum slurry, and a method of making the same are disclosed. The composition includes a vibratory ball milled mixture of calcium sulfate dihydrate and a surfactant. The composition is prepared by subjecting the mixture to the high-frequency, low-impact grinding action of a vibratory ball mill. The resultant composition has a potency superior to that of conventional gypsum set accelerators.

Abstract: A composition for producing light plaster contains as main constitutive elements particles of plaster in anhydride or hemihydrate form and at least one foaming agent. The composition is characterized in that the foaming agent generates gas after a delay of 1 minute to 24 hours and constitutes 0.1 to 50% by weight of the total dry mixture. Also disclosed is the use of said composition to produce in-situ cellular plastic and low density plaster moldings.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a microbial polysaccharide having the features characteristic of S-657 has been found to be effective to improve the rheological properties of a variety of cementitious systems. Thus, the addition of a small, but effective amount of S-657 to such cementitious systems as portland cement, self-leveling grouts, fresh or saltwater oil well cement slurries, microfine cements, and the like, gives rise to substantial improvements in such properties as bleed, flow resistance, fluid loss control, and the like. S-657 addition provides enhanced rheological control in a variety of cementitious systems. In addition, S-657 provides a number of advantages relative to prior art systems, including improved free water and sedimentation control, as well as reduced fines loss during underwater placement.