Abstract: A downhole servicing composition comprising from about 15 percent to about 80 percent by weight of a clay, and from about 10 percent to about 75 percent by weight of a carbon source is disclosed. The invention includes a downhole servicing composition comprising from about 15 percent to about 45 percent by weight of a first clay, from about 15 percent to about 45 percent by weight of a second clay, from about 10 percent to about 35 percent by weight of a filler, and from about 10 percent to about 75 percent by weight of a carbon source. The invention also includes a downhole servicing composition comprising an aqueous base and from about 10 percent to about 75 percent by weight of flaked graphite, wherein the downhole servicing composition has a thermal conductivity not less than about 0.8 BTU/hr-ft-° F.

Abstract: Hydraulic compositions comprising a setting accelerator, a water-soluble cellulose ether having a degree of alkyl substitution of 1.6 to 2.5 which is a water-soluble alkyl cellulose or a water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose, and water are useful as self-leveling compositions having an excellent self-leveling capability, a minimal change with time of fluidity, and a short setting time, or as cement mortar compositions having a long open time and a short setting time.

Abstract: A method for producing concrete or mortar based on an exclusively vegetal aggregate, a mineral binding agent, and mixing water is described. Instead of the vegetal aggregate being premineralized in a separate step of the operation, 4 to 14 kg of a non-hydratizable, finely ground mineralizator is added for each cubic meter of vegetable aggregate when the concrete or mortar is being mixed. Raw calcium carbonate is a preferred mineralizator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a slurry containing water, amorphous silica panicles having a particle size less than 1 micron and silica flour with a particle size between 2-200 microns. In order to stablize the slurry, the slurry contains a polysaccharide. The invention further relates to a method for the production of a slurry containing water, amorphous silica having a particle size below 1 micron, and silica flour with a particle size between 2-200 microns, where a polysaccharide is added to a slurry of water and amorphous silica, whereafter the silica flour is mixed into the slurry of amorphous silica.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced building material in one embodiment incorporates cellulose fibers that are chemically treated with a dispersant to impart improved dispersibility to the fibers. The fibers are treated with a dispersant which deactivates the hydroxyl sites of the fiber surfaces and in some cases, making the fiber surface more hydrophobic. The dispersant inhibits the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose fiber surface from bonding with hydroxyl groups of other fibers and from bonding with hydroxyl groups of the same fiber, thereby significantly reducing inter-fiber and intra-fiber hydrogen bonding. The treated fibers can be readily dispersed and uniformly distributed throughout a mixture without re-clustering or reclumping once the mechanical mixing action stops.

Abstract: Novel well cement compositions are provided. Exemplary embodiments of the well cement compositions comprise water, a cement and a fluid loss control additive comprising a graft polymer. The graft polymer comprises a backbone comprising a lignite. The graft polymer further comprises grafted monomers selected from the group consisting of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, acrylamide, acrylic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, diallyldimethylammonium chloride and salts thereof.

Abstract: A composition comprising cellulose ether, a superplasticizer and defoamer suitable for use as an additive in extruding inorganic compositions is disclosed. The inventive composition functions as a water retention agent, plasticizer and lubricant in the extrusion of inorganic compositions. The use of the inventive composition in the extrusion of building materials leads to improved processing properties, to a higher surface quality and product properties of the extruded article.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cementitious composite includes: (1) forming mixing an extrudable cementitious composition by first forming a fibrous mixture comprising fibers, water and a rheology modifying agent and then adding hydraulic cement; (2) extruding the extrudable cementitious composition into a green extrudate, wherein the green extrudate is characterized by being form-stable and retaining substantially a predefined cross-sectional shape; (3) removing a portion of the water by evaporation to reduce density and increase porosity; and (4) causing or allowing the hydraulic cement to hydrate to form the cementitious composite. Such a process yields a cementitious composite that is suitable for use as a wood substitute. The wood-like building products can be sawed, nailed and screwed like ordinary wood.

Abstract: The problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a fiber reinforced cement composition for obtaining a fiber reinforced cement product which is inexpensive and economical, and to provide pushing forward disposal of defective products. Namely, the fiber reinforced cement composition comprises a hydraulic inorganic material, a siliceous material, a woody reinforcement, a finely dividing fiber reinforced cement product and/or a finely dividing intermediate of fiber reinforced cement product which is produced by said raw materials.

Abstract: The problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a fiber reinforced cement composition for obtaining a fiber reinforced cement product which is excellent in bending strength, dimensional stability and installation property such as handling property, flexibility performance and nail performance, as well as a process for manufacturing the product. Namely, the fiber reinforced cement composition comprises the following raw materials: a hydraulic inorganic material, a siliceous material and a woody reinforcement, wherein the siliceous material is a mixture of an average particle size of not less than 15 ?m and not more than 50 ?m which is burned ash of coal and/or rhyolite and an average particle size of not less than 1 ?m and not more than 15 ?m which is burned ash of coal and/or rhyolite.

Abstract: The problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a fiber reinforced cement composition for obtaining a fiber reinforced cement product which is excellent in bending strength, dimensional stability and installation property such as handling property, flexibility performance and nail performance, as well as a process for manufacturing the product. Namely, the fiber reinforced cement composition comprises the following raw materials: a hydraulic inorganic material, a siliceous material and a woody reinforcement, wherein the siliceous material is a mixture of an average particle size of not less than 15 ?m and not more than 50 ?m which is burned ash of coal and/or rhyolite and an average particle size of not less than 1 ?m and not more than 15 ?m which is burned ash of coal and/or rhyolite.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced building material in one embodiment incorporates cellulose fibers that are chemically treated with a dispersant to impart improved dispersibility to the fibers. The fibers are treated with a dispersant which deactivates the hydroxyl sites of the fiber surfaces and in some cases, making the fiber surface more hydrophobic. The dispersant inhibits the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose fiber surface from bonding with hydroxyl groups of other fibers and from bonding with hydroxyl groups of the same fiber, thereby significantly reducing inter-fiber and intra-fiber hydrogen bonding. The treated fibers can be readily dispersed and uniformly distributed throughout a mixture without re-clustering or reclumping once the mechanical mixing action stops.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition is provided. This composition exhibits an improved workability in its coating with a trowel, and accordingly, an improved working efficiency with no adverse effects on its physical properties. The hydraulic composition comprises at least one surfactant selected from anionic surfactants having foaming ability (group A), at least one surfactant selected from surfactants which are nonionic antifoaming agents (group B), and a water-soluble cellulose ether. The surfactants of group A and group B are respectively added at 0.000005 to 0.004% by weight (solid content) in relation to the powder ingredients in the hydraulic composition, and the water-soluble cellulose ether is added at 0.02 to 1.2% by weight of the hydraulic composition.

Abstract: Sulfonated graft copolymer obtained by radical graft copolymerization of one or more synthetic monomers in the presence of hydroxyl-containing naturally derived materials. The graft copolymer includes 0.1 to 100 wt %, based on weight of the total synthetic monomers, of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic acid group, monoethylenically unsaturated sulfuric acid ester or salt thereof, with the monomer and hydroxyl-containing naturally derived materials present in a weight ratio of 5:95 to 95:5.

Abstract: A polymeric fluid loss additive for hydraulic cement which includes a polymer component which exhibits delayed hydration. The fluid loss additive is suitable for use in cement slurries which may be subjected to elevated temperatures, as is common in oil and gas drilling operations. By way of the invention, cement slurries are provided which have improved fluid loss properties at high temperatures, while maintaining manageable rheologies that are conducive to mixing, pumping, and the like across a broad range of temperatures.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced cement composition having the following raw material composition is provided to manufacture a fiber reinforced cement product which is excellent in bending strength, dimension stability, handling property, flexibility performance, and processability such as nail performance, as well as to provide a process for manufacturing the product. Namely, the fiber reinforced cement composition comprises a hydraulic inorganic material, a siliceous material and a woody reinforcement in a mass ratio of CaO to SiO2 contained in the hydraulic inorganic material and the siliceous material in the raw materials in a range of from 23:77 to 60:40.

Abstract: A nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether is characterized in that when 3 pbw of the nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether is added to a mixture of 90 pbw of cordierite, 10 pbw of ordinary Portland cement, and 33 pbw of water, immediately followed by kneading at 20° C. and 20 rpm, a maximum torque for kneading is reached within 180 seconds from the addition. It is suitable as an admixture for extrudable hydraulic compositions. The hydraulic composition to which the inventive admixture is added can be kneaded within a brief time into a uniform mass which is smoothly extrudable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thickened aqueous solution, or gel solution, for use in providing fiber to a cement composition. Additionally, the present invention relates to a method for adding fibers to cement.

Abstract: Methods for cementing in a subterranean zone, which use a cement composition that includes zeolite, cementitious material, proportioned fluid loss control additives and a mixing fluid. Cement compositions containing proportioned fluid loss control additives, and methods of making cement compositions containing proportioned fluid loss control additives.

Abstract: CMC with CMDS greater than or equal to 0.76, optionally with a non-ionic co-thickener or a CMC with CMDS less than 0.75 is used as both the rheology modifier and partial clay substitute in tape joint compounds. This significant reduction of clay level is sufficient to eliminate most of the negative characteristics of clay in joint compound.

Abstract: An in situ ionic interaction between two additives, one a cationic strength enhancing additive and one an anionic crosslinking additive, is used to improve the mechanical properties of an article formed from a composite material. The composite has a discrete phase bound together with a film of the additives, such as gypsum crystals bound together by a film of substituted starch or cellulose ether.

Abstract: In an electric double-layer capacitor, a solution of a quaternary ammonium borofluoride compound in propylene carbonate is used as an electrolyte. The electrode includes alkali-activated carbon made using meso-phase pitch as a starting material, and a conductive filler having a rest potential smaller than that of the alkali-activated carbon in the electrolyte. The amount Fc of conductive filler incorporated in the electrode is set in a range of 10% by weight?Fc?40% by weight. Such electric double-layer capacitor has a large electrostatic capacity and excellent durability.

Abstract: Grout slurries are provided that have high thermal conductivities of greater than about 1.4 Btu/hr-ft-° F. and low hydraulic conductivities ranging from about 5×10?9 cm/s to about 1×10?8 cm/s. Such grout slurries comprise water and a grout composition that is available as a one-sack product. The grout composition includes calcium bentonite present in an amount of from about 15% to about 45%, sodium bentonite present in an amount of from about 15% to about 45%, silica flour present in an amount of from about 10% to about 35%, and flaked graphite present in an amount of from about 10% to about 75%, all by weight of the grout composition. Further, methods of installing a conduit such as a heat transfer loop in a hole in the earth include placing the conduit in the hole, forming the foregoing grout slurry, and placing the grout slurry in the hole adjacent to the conduit.

Abstract: An inorganic-organic composite comprises an inorganic phase, such as gypsum crystals, and a film forming organic phase. The film forming organic phase is selected from substituted starches having a degree of polymerization; degree of substitution and viscosity such that the substituted starches are insoluble in water during mixing but dissolve at a higher processing temperature during forming, setting or drying of the composite. Thus, excessive migration of the substitute starch is prevented and the composite is substantially strengthened.

Abstract: Exemplary compositions comprise at least one aldopentonic acid, such as xylonic acid; and further comprise a lignin, a lignosulfonic acid or its salt, an additional sugar acid such as a aldohexonic acid or salt, a conventional admixture (such as a polyacrylate superplasticizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a set retard, a set accelerator, etc.), or a mixture thereof. Exemplary methods for obtaining microbiologically or enzymatically converted sugar acids are also described herein.

Abstract: A method of preparing construction material systems is described. The process includes extruding a composition of construction materials and an irreversibly crosslinked cellulose derivative that is prepared by a particular process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to subterranean cementing operations, and more particularly, to methods of cementing in subterranean formations using cement compositions that autogenously cure voids that may form in such cement compositions. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of cementing in a subterranean formation penetrated by a well bore comprising the steps of: placing a cement composition into the well bore, wherein the cement composition comprises a first cementitious component having a first set time and a second cementitious component having a second set time that is delayed relative to the first set time of the first cementitious component; allowing the first cementitious component to at least partially set; and allowing the second cementitious component to set after a delay period.

Abstract: A biocidal film-forming composition, preferably a paint, is disclosed, comprising hydrated lime, alkaline potassium salt, and a non-ionic polyolefinic latex resistant to hydrated-lime induced coagulation and phase separation. Also disclosed is the method of making certain such composition wherein hydrated lime is admixed with a non-ionic polyolefinic ester latex with agitation and continuing such agitation until hydrolysis of the ester is substantially completed and rheology of the composition is stabilized and the incidence of gelation is eliminated.

Abstract: Methods of cementing in subterranean zones, improved cement compositions and improved additives are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and an additive for providing improved rheology, fluid loss control and set retardation comprised of carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose having in the range of from about 0.62 to about 2.21 moles of hydroxyethyl substitution and in the range of from about 0.44 to about 0.52 degrees of carboxymethyl substitution and a 2% by weight aqueous solution of the carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose has a Höppler viscosity in the range of from about 55 mPa.s to about 359 mPa.s.

Abstract: Wheat starch of the present invention is obtained from endosperm of a seed of wheat which is modified to lack starch granule protein-1 (SGP-1). The wheat starch has an apparent amylose content of about 35% or more. Wheat flour of the present invention is obtained from endosperm of a seed of wheat which is modified to lack SGP-1. Wheat of the present invention is modified to lack SGP-1. The wheat flour and the wheat comprise wheat starch which has an apparent amylose content of about 35% or more.

Abstract: Exemplary compositions comprise at least one aldopentonic acid, such as xylonic acid; and further comprise a lignin, a lignosulfonic acid or its salt, an additional sugar acid such as a aldohexonic acid or salt, a conventional admixture (such as a polyacrylate superplasticizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a set retard, a set accelerator, etc.), or a mixture thereof. Exemplary methods for obtaining microbiologically or enzymatically converted sugar acids are also described herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to concretes and mortars comprising a hydrophilic component such as hemp, flax or straw; a binder which sets in air through absorption of carbon dioxide after reduction in an aqueous phase; at least one additive which forms a microcapillary system array; and at least one matrix water repellency additive.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of water-soluble polysaccharide derivatives as dispersing agents for mineral binder suspensions. A partially hydrolyzed cellulose containing carboxyl groups and optionally hydroxyalkyl and/or sulfate groups and/or a partially hydrolyzed amylose-rich starch which also has sulfoalkyl groups with 1 to 4 carbon atoms is used as the polysaccharide derivative. These polysaccharide derivatives have a low viscosity and an excellent plasticizing effect in mineral binder suspensions, especially in those based on cement, lime and/or gypsum.

Abstract: A machinable light weight sisal-based concrete structural building material and a method of making the same are disclosed. The material includes short sisal fibers in a range from about 22% (v/v) to about 33% (v/v); a cement in a range from about 12% (v/v) to about 22% (v/v); and perlite in a range from about 51% (v/v) to about 59% (v/v). The method includes the steps of mixing an amount of cement with an amount of perlite to form a solid mixture; adding water and mixing water with the solid mixture to form a sludge; adding an amount of sisal fibers and mixing the sisal fibers into the sludge to form an uniform final composition; and pouring the final composition into a mold and setting the final composition to a solid form structural building material. The produced structural building material can be machined, screwed, cut, and nailed.

Abstract: This invention discloses a new technology related to cellulose fiber reinforced cement composite materials using the loaded cellulose fibers. This invention discloses four aspects of the technology: fiber treatment, formulation, method and final product. This technology advantageously provides fiber cement building materials with the desirable characteristics of reduced water absorption, reduced rate of water absorption, lower water migration, and lower water permeability. This invention also impart the final products improved freeze-thaw resistance, reduced efflorescence, reduced chemical dissolution and re-deposition, and improved rot and fire resistances, compared to conventional fiber cement products. These improved attributes are gained without loss in dimensional stability, strength, strain or toughness.

Abstract: An admixture comprising (A) a nonionic water-soluble hydroxyethyl cellulose and/or hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose having a viscosity of at least 500 mPa·s as measured in a 1 wt % aqueous solution at 20° C., and (B) another nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether having a viscosity of at least 1,500 mPa·s as measured in a 1 wt % aqueous solution at 20° C. is suited for use in extrudable hydraulic compositions, because the hydraulic compositions comprising the admixture are effectively extrudable into hardened products having improved surface properties, minimized spring-back and good dimensional accuracy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating for inkjet media, which includes at least one hydrophobic filler particle; and a binder. Another embodiment of the invention provides an inkjet media, which includes the above-described coating coated on a substrate. Another embodiment of the invention provides a method of inkjet printing, which includes inkjet printing at least one inkjet ink onto a substrate coated with the above-described coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cementing operations, and more particularly, to cement compositions comprising set retarder compositions and methods of using the cement compositions in surface and subterranean applications. In some embodiments, the present invention provides cement compositions that comprise a hydraulic cement comprising an API cement, water, and a set retarder composition, the set retarder composition comprising an acrylamide polymer derivative; and an iron compound. In other embodiments, the present invention provides cement compositions, set retarder compositions, methods of cementing, methods of retarding the set time of a cement composition, and methods of preparing a cement composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fibrous construct which is used in providing cementitious mixtures supplemental and reinforcing strength upon setting, and more particularly, to a unitized fibrous construct which comprises a plurality of oriented reinforcing fibrous components, wherein the fibrous components can be cut to a predetermined and finite cut length upon formation and remain in a plural parallel form until such point the unitized fibrous substrate is incorporated and subjected to mechanical agitation during preparation of a cementitious blend or mixture.

Abstract: A method of absorbing a liquid is disclosed. The method comprises mixing a recycled, starch-based absorbent having an average mesh size greater than 80 mesh with a liquid to form a composition. The invention also relates to compositions formed by mixing the recycled starch-based absorbent with a liquid. Lastly, a kit comprising the recycled absorbent is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for cementing in a subterranean zone, which use a cement composition that includes zeolite, cementitious material, proportioned fluid loss control additives and a mixing fluid. Cement compositions containing proportioned fluid loss control additives, and methods of making cement compositions containing proportioned fluid loss control additives.

Abstract: Methods of cementing in subterranean zones, improved cement compositions and improved additives are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and an additive for providing improved rheology, fluid loss control and set retardation comprised of carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose having in the range of from about 0.62 to about 2.21 moles of hydroxyethyl substitution and in the range of from about 0.44 to about 0.52 degrees of carboxymethyl substitution and a 2% by weight aqueous solution of the carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose has a Höppler viscosity in the range of from about 55 mPa.s to about 359 mPa.s.

Abstract: An admixture comprising a nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether having a transparency of 35-89% in a 2 wt % aqueous solution at 20° C. is suited for hydraulic compositions. The hydraulic composition comprising the admixture and a less amount of pulp fibers is extrudable into a hardened part having a satisfactory flexural strength and surface smoothness.

Abstract: Biodegradable dispersants for cement slurries, well cement compositions comprising such biodegradable dispersants, and methods of using such well cement compositions are provided. The biodegradable dispersants of the present invention comprise low molecular weight starches that comprise anionic groups.

Abstract: A sprayable composition and a method of protecting material with the composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a bulking/setting material, a water soluble polymer and water to provide a cover layer which, after spraying, is tough, flexible and water-repellent. Other materials such as clay, fibrous material, a foam producing agent and a hardening retarder can be included in the composition. The composition is effective as a cover layer over material such as soil, refuse at a dump site, stockpiled material, a temporary cover for remediation sites, or tire piles.

Abstract: A more controllable fibrous acoustic ceiling patch or textured material in the form of a sprayable composition includes a base, a filler, an adhesive binder, an anti-foaming agent, a suspension agent, and fibrous materials. The more controllable acoustic ceiling patch is storable and dispensable from a pressurized dispenser having a delivery nozzle. An aerosol system with a spray nozzle is included on the container for selective discharge of the textured material onto a prepared patch area, which may be on a drywall or support panel so as to match and blend with the surrounding acoustic ceiling surface area in order to provide a continuous and unbroken coextensive surface texture of mechanically and visually matched material.

Abstract: Methods of cementing in subterranean formations, cement compositions, and methods for making the compositions are provided. A cement slurry is passed into a subterranean formation, and a swelling agent is passed into the subterranean formation to reduce an amount of water flowing into the cement slurry. The swelling agent may be combined with a carrier fluid before being displaced into the subterranean formation. Alternatively, the swelling agent may be pre-mixed with the cement slurry to form a new cement composition, followed by displacing the cement composition into the subterranean formation. The swelling agent is present in an amount effective to, upon absorption of water and swelling to form a gel mass, substantially block the flow path of the water into the cement composition or reduce losses to low pore pressure intervals, thereby preventing the integrity of the cement composition from being compromised or lost to voidage, fractures, fissures, etc.

Abstract: A fiber cement composite material that incorporates a blend of bleached and unbleached cellulose fibers as a partial or complete substitute for premium grade cellulose pulp is provided. Bleached standard grade cellulose fibers are used in conjunction with unbleached, standard grade cellulose fibers to provide a fiber cement composite product having substantially equal or even superior flexibility and strength as an equivalent fiber cement composite material reinforced by premium grade, unbleached cellulose fibers. A synergistic combination of bleached and unbleached standard grade cellulose fibers to produce a composite material with the desired properties previously achievable only through the use of premium grade cellulose pulp.

Abstract: A fast-setting, fibrous, Portland Cement-based building material is made by soaking wood chips in water to provide substantially saturated wood chips, combining the saturated wood chips with a slurry of Portland cement to provide a wood chip/cement slurry, mixing a slurry of monomagnesium phosphate (“MOP”) with the wood chip/cement slurry to provide a quick-setting MOP/wood chip/cement composition, and compressing the quick-setting MOP/wood chip/cement composition to make the fast-setting, fibrous, Portland Cement-based building material. The inventive composition combines the best properties of cement and wood, yet uses recycled materials to make an environmentally-friendly building material.

Abstract: This invention discloses a new technology related to cellulose fiber reinforced cement composite materials using the loaded cellulose fibers. This invention discloses four aspects of the technology: fiber treatment, formulation, method and final product. This technology advantageously provides fiber cement building materials with the desirable characteristics of reduced water absorption, reduced rate of water absorption, lower water migration, and lower water permeability. This invention also impart the final products improved freeze-thaw resistance, reduced efflorescence, reduced chemical dissolution and re-deposition, and improved rot and fire resistances, compared to conventional fiber cement products. These improved attributes are gained without loss in dimensional stability, strength, strain or toughness.