Abstract: The present invention relates to improved foamed well cement compositions, additives and methods. The additives, which foam and stabilize a cement slurry containing freshwater or saltwater, are basically comprised of an aqueous solution of an alpha-olefinic sulfonate surfactant and a betaine surfactant.

Abstract: A method of preparation of gypsum wallboard, as well as a core composition suitable for use therein, are disclosed. The core composition includes a slurry of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (stucco), water, and calcium aluminum lignosulfonate and/or aluminum lignosulfonate.

Abstract: Powdered and liquid fluid loss additives are disclosed for use in cementing wellbores, particularly oil and gas wellbores. Excellent fluid loss control is achieved over a wide range of conditions using various cements systems. The invention utilizes polyvinyl acetate polymers as a fluid loss additive. The polyvinyl acetate polymer is used in conjunction with a dispersing sulfonated polymer and surfactant. This highly effective combination is then adjusted to individual well conditions with chelating agent, cross-linking agent, biocides, antifoams, or combinations of these. The dispersants are novel dispersing agent polymers such as melamine sulfonate polymer, vinyl sulfonate polymer and styrene sulfonate polymer and mixtures of these. These dispersant materials are usually prepared at low pH and can be used in the acid form, or neutralized to form salts of the polymers, wherein the salt can be a Group I or Group II metal salt, or ammonium salts (common salts).

Abstract: Mortar cement additives provide workability while retaining strength by employing a multi-stage polymer comprising a hydrophobically-modified, ionically-soluble polymer stage, the polymer being soluble at a pH of 6 and above; and an air-entraining agent. The additives also employ, as optional ingredients, set retarding agents and superplasticizers. Examplary methods of the invention involve addition of the multi-stage polymer and an air entraining agent to the mortar cement, preferably during intergrinding of Portland cement in the mill. Cement compositions comprising the polymer and an air-entraining agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cement admixture composed of a mixture of lower alkyl ether oxyalkylene adducts with a sulfonated organocyclic material to provide cement compositions of mortar and concrete which inhibit drying shrinkage while attaining very high slump and/or increased compressive strength.

Abstract: The present invention provides resilient cement compositions and methods which are particularly useful in the construction and repair of oil and gas wells. The compositions have improved expansion properties and are basically comprised of a hydraulic cementitious material, rubber particles derived from automobile tires, sufficient water to form a pumpable slurry, and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: An ultrafine cementitious grout having a particle size 90% of which are less than 6 .mu.m in diameter and an average size of about 2.5 .mu.m or less, and preferably 90% of which are less than 5 .mu.m in diameter and an average size of about 2 .mu.m or less containing Portland cement, pumice as a pozzolanic material and superplasticizer in the amounts of about 40 wt. % to about 50 wt. % Portland cement; from about 50 wt. % to about 60 wt. % pumice containing at least 60% amorphous silicon dioxide; and from 0.1 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. % superplasticizer. The grout is mixed with water in the W/CM ratio of about 0.4-0.6/1. The grout has very high strength and very low permeability with good workability. The ultrafine particle sizes allow for sealing of microfractures below 10 .mu.m in width.

Abstract: Powdered and liquid fluid loss additives are disclosed for use in cementing wellbores, particularly oil and gas wellbores. Excellent fluid loss control is achieved over a wide range of conditions using various cements systems. The invention utilizes polyvinyl acetate polymers as a fluid loss additive. The polyvinyl acetate polymer is used in conjunction with a dispersing sulfonated polymer and surfactant. This highly effective combination is then adjusted to individual well conditions with chelating agent, cross-linking agent, biocides, antifoams, or combinations of these. The dispersants are novel dispersing agent polymers such as melamine sulfonate polymer, vinyl sulfonate polymer and styrene sulfonate polymer and mixtures of these. These dispersant materials are usually prepared at low pH and can be used in the acid form, or neutralized to form salts of the polymers, wherein the salt can be a Group I or Group II metal salt, or ammonium salts (common salts).

Abstract: A cement pumpability-enhancing additive which comprises polyethylene glycol and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and/or a derivative thereof, and optionally polysaccharide. The additive is especially useful for high-strength, high-flow concretes for use in construction.

Abstract: An admixture for concrete comprising, as an essential component, a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing (a) a polyalkylene glycol monoester monomer having 110 to 300 mols of an oxyalkylene group(s) each having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, with (b) at least one monomer selected from among acrylic monomers, unsaturated dicarboxylic monomers and allylsulfonic monomers. When this admixture is used in preparing concrete, the resulting concrete composition undergoes little change in the slump for a lengthened time, so that the quality of the concrete composition can be easily controlled.

Abstract: In a method for blending of admixtures in a concrete mass which is transported through pipes/hoses to a casting site and in which the mass shall have a consistency which is suitable for casting of the mass on wall or roof surfaces there are used admixtures consisting of two components which react with each other. The two components are mixed into the mass at different points in time, possibly in combination with normally used additional admixtures for the mass.

Abstract: A concrete composition contains, per 1 m.sup.3 of the concrete composition, powders of normal portland cement, high-early strength Portland cement, and an inorganic material, in a total weight of from 400 to 600 kg; a formalin condensation product of melamine sulfonate in an amount of from 0.1 to 2.5 wt % based on the total weight of the powders; a hardening accelerator in an amount of from 0.01 to 1.50 wt % based on the total weight of the powders; and water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. The mixing ratio of the powers is so specified that the powder of high-early strength portland cement is in a range of from 20 to 500 parts by weight and the powder of an inorganic material is in a range of from 20 to 500 parts by weight on the basis of the powder of normal portland cement of 100 parts by weight. The water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are mixed in such a mixing ratio as to give a slump flow value ranging from 50 to 70 cm to the concrete composition.

Abstract: An oil and gas well cementing composition and method are shown utilizing hydraulic cement, water a cement hydration retarder and an additive which is effective over a selected time period degrade the retarder. The additive is a controlled release oxidizer which releases nascent oxygen over time to gradually oxidize the cement hydration retarder, thereby providing a single cement slurry design for cementing pipes for oil and gas wells where wide temperature differentials exist between the two ends of the pipe.

Abstract: When a cement dispersant comprising a polymer which is obtained by co-condensating monomers comprising monomer (A) and monomer (B) with formaldehyde, or a salt obtained by neutralizing the polymer, wherein the monomer (A) is an aromatic compound having, on the average, 1 to 300 mol per molecule of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxyethylene group and oxypropylene group, and the monomer (B) is an aromatic compound having a carboxyl group; or another cement dispersant comprising a polymer which is obtained by co-condensating monomers comprising the above-described monomer (A), the above-described monomer (B) and monomer (C) which is an aromatic compound having a sulfonic acid group with formaldehyde, or a salt obtained by neutralizing the polymer is used as one component of a hydraulic composition, the fluidity of the hydraulic composition is maintained for a long time. Therefore, no trouble on transportation is caused during the force feeding of the hydraulic composition with a pump.

Abstract: A concrete composition capable of inhibiting shrinkage of structural concrete structures is disclosed. The concrete is formed with an admixture composed of at least one secondary/tertiary alkanediol.

Abstract: A process for modifying the slump of a concrete or mortar by the addition at different times of a water-soluble poly(alkylene oxide) and a .beta.-naphthalene sulphonate-formaldehyde condensate, a plasticizer or superplasticizer which is selected from lignosulphonates, melamine sulphonate formaldehyde condensates, carboxylates and selected styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers. The poly(alkylene oxide) is preferably partially replaced by a (hydroxy)alkyl cellulose. The process is advantageously used in shotcreting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a setting- and hardening-accelerator for hydraulic binders containing at least a nitrate- or sulfite component, at least a thio-cyanate component, at least an alkanolamine component and at least a carboxylic acid component, as well as a method of setting- and hardening-acceleration of hydraulic binders or mixtures containing hydraulic binders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cement composition containing water, hydraulic cement, inert products and a foaming agent obtained by reacting ethylene oxide with a substrate deriving from the production of synthetic alcohols by the oxosynthesis of normal-olefins, sulfating the ethoxylate compound thus obtained with sulfuric anhydride and neutralizing the sulfated acid product with a base of an alkaline, earth-alkaline metal or ammonia.The cement composition can optionally contain conventional additives such as stabilizers, set retarders or accelerators and disperding agents suitable for lowering the viscosity of the composition.This cement composition has improved processability characteristics and enables the production of lightweight concretes having greater mechanical resistance and durability and lower thermal conductivity particularly appropriate for the building industry.

Abstract: The present invention provides well cementing methods and compositions for use in cold environments which are particularly suitable for cementing conductor strings in deep water offshore wells. The cement compositions are basically comprised of a relatively coarse particulate hydraulic cement mixed with an ultra fine particulate hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a pumpable slurry and a fluid loss control additive.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved cementitious compositions which can include drilling fluid as a component thereof and methods of cementing wells utilizing such compositions. The compositions are basically comprised of a cementitious material, water, a hardenable resinous material and optionally, drilling fluid in an amount up to about 70% by volume of the cementitious material in the composition.

Abstract: A solidified waste is formed from a difficult-to-compact hydraulic cement slurry for use in the disposal of hazardous waste. The slurry contains inorganic non-compactible hydraulic cement particles, a concrete superplasticizer compound, water, and filler particles containing radionuclide and/or toxic contaminants. The slurry is then transferred to a storage vessel, such as a subterranean formation, to cast a stronger, denser solidified waste than a comparable solidified waste containing no superplasticizer.

Abstract: In the method of the invention, a storable hydraulically-active cementitious slurry is made and used to cement within subterranean foundations for oil and gas wells. The slurry is made from hydraulically-active, cementitious material suitable for oil field purposes and can be stored until needed. During storage, the slurry remains liquid. The slurry is activated when needed for cementing. After pumping the activated slurry into the wellbore, the set cement has properties acceptable for well cementing.

Abstract: The present invention provides set retarding additives, set retarded hydraulic cement compositions including such additives and methods of using the cement compositions for cementing zones in wells. The set retarding additives are copolymers or terpolymers containing monomer units formed from one of maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid and mesaconic acid along with other monomer units.

Abstract: A concrete pipe liner is formed from a difficult-to-compact hydraulic cement slurry applied to a pipe interior. The slurry contains inorganic non-compactible hydraulic cement particles, a concrete superplasticizer component, water, and optionally and preferably filler particles. The pipe is then spun to centrifugally cast a stronger, denser pipe liner than a comparable liner containing no superplasticizer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a concrete-forming composition comprising:(a) a base component consisting of a combination of cement and silica,(b) water, as a carrier, and(c) from about 0.01% to about 25% by weight based on the weight of the composition of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of piperazine-substituted organosulfonates, piperazinone-substituted organosulfonates, and combinations thereof, and optionally(d) a polycarboxylated alcohol alkoxylate.

Abstract: A process for modifying the slump of a concrete or mortar by the addition at different times of a water-soluble poly(alkylene oxide) and a .beta.-naphthalene sulphonate-formaldehyde condensate, a plasticizer or superplasticizer which is selected from lignosulphonates, melamine sulphonate formaldehyde condensates, carboxylates and selected styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers. The poly(alkylene oxide) is preferably partially replaced by a (hydroxy)alkyl cellulose. The process is advantageously used in shotcreting.

Abstract: The cementitious material comprises an initial mixture of portland cement clinker and a modifier ranging in weight from approximately 0.5% to 5%, preferably 1%, of the weight of the clinker. The modifier is selected from a group comprising (a) a melamine formaldehyde-sodium bisulfite copolymer, and (b) sodium naphthalene sulfonate. The portland cement clinker and the modifier are intimately mixed and caused to react together in a solid state reaction by energetically grinding them together in a highly energetic ball-and-tube grinding mill to a high degree of fineness of at least approximately 5000 Blaine. Modified cementitious materials are produced by providing an additional constituent in the initial mixture comprising a hard, dense, substantially inert mineral material ranging up to 70% of the mixture by weight. The percentages of the portland cement clinker and the modifier are correspondingly reduced. The modified initial mixture is ground as before.

Abstract: Ultra high-strength hydraulic cement compositions with extremely low water-to-cement ratio of 10-30% and having high fluidity and improved capability of preventing slump loss, from which high-quality ultra high-strength hardened concrete and mortar can be obtained with superior workability, contain a binder composed of cement or a mixture of cement and a microscopic powder admixture, aggregates, water and a cement dispersion agent composed of water-soluble vinyl copolymers obtained by aqueous solution radical polymerization of five specified kinds of monomers at a ratio within a specified range The unit content of the binder is 400-1300kg/m.sup.3, the water-to-binder ratio is 10-30% and the content of cement dispersion agent is 0.1-2.0 weight parts for 100 weight parts of the binder.

Abstract: A dry, agglomerated cement material, a method of preparing the dry, agglomerated cement material, a method of cementing, and an apparatus for agglomerating particulate materials. The dry, agglomerated cement material comprises a plurality of particles of a cement bonded together by a water-soluble binder material. The dry, agglomerated cement material is prepared by depositing the water-soluble binder material on the particles such that the binder material bonds the particles together. The inventive agglomerated cement material can be conveniently transported by both pneumatic and non-pneumatic means. The method of cementing comprises the step of mixing the agglomerated cement material with water to form a cement slurry.

Abstract: There is described a thixotroping and set accelerating additive for mixtures which contain as component a hydraulic binder and/or a latent-hydraulic binder and furthermore water and optionally also an aggregate and/or other additives. The inventive thixotroping and set accelerating additive consists of one or more esters of the carbonic acid or said additive is a mixture which has a pH-value of not more than 8.0, preferably not more than 7.5 and contains as component at least one of said carbonic acid esters.Optionally the inventive additives can comprise further components which frequently are added to materials containing a hydraulic binder in order to improve the workability and/or the properties of the final building material, like concrete plasticizers, concrete super-plasticizers, set retarding agents, set accelerating agents, air entraining agents and optionally further thixotroping agents and mixtures of two or more such additives.

Abstract: A method of reclaiming leftover ready-mix concrete comprising the steps of:(1) retarding the hydration of the unused portion of concrete returned from a job site; and(2) after the desired retarded period adding a hydration acceleration agent to restore the concrete to a settable state.

Abstract: The present invention provides set retarding additives, set retarded hydraulic cement compositions including such additives and methods of using the cement compositions for cementing zones in wells. The set retarding additives are graft copolymers or terpolymers comprised of the condensation polymer product of a ketone, aldehyde and a compound which introduces acid groups into the polymer having grafted thereto a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid or one of the foregoing monomers and a second monomer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new class of water-soluble ionic cellulose derivatives and their use as additive for gypsum- and cement-containing compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-soluble ionic cellulose derivatives and their use as additives for gypsum- and cement-containing compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dry, fine particle size hydraulic cement composition, which is directly dispersable in both water and a hydrocarbon liquid and to the use of said composition in oil well cementing operations and methods of terminating water flow in subterranean hydrocarbon producing formations.

Abstract: A method of cementing a wellbore which penetrates a subsurface gas-containing formation is provided whereby gas migration is reduced. The method features the use of an additive consisting of a tannin backbone having grafted thereto at least two different vinylamide derivatives. The additive causes the cement slurry employed in the method to exhibit a Zero Gel Time of greater than about one hour, a Transition Time of less than about one hour and controls fluid loss from the slurry.

Abstract: A dispersant for spacer fluids, cement slurries, completion fluids and mixtures of drilling fluids and cement slurries used for drilling and cementing subterranean wells.

Abstract: A composition for and method of dispersing particles of hydraulic cement in a slurry of hydraulic cement in water, wherein the composition is the reaction product of a ketone, an aldehyde, a cyanide and, optionally, a sulfite. The dispersant properties of the composition can be enhanced by further reacting the composition with hydroxide.

Abstract: Cement-to-casing sealing in a wellbore is improved through addition of surfactant to the cement.

Abstract: Cement and aggregates are mixed with each other by the use of a dispersant to the effect of water reduction and prevention of slump loss, the dispersant comprising (1) (I), (IIa), and an amine reaction terminator of (IIb), (IIc), (IVg) and/or (IVh); (2) (I), (IIb) and/or (IIc) and (IIIe) and/or (IIIf); or (3) (I), (IIa) and (IIIe) and/or (IIIf), in which formulae, R is hydrogen or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X is an alkali metal; X.sub.1 is hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, carboxylic acid group, an alkali metal salt carboxylate, sulfonic acid group, an alkali metal salt sulfonate, hydroxy or methoxy; Y.sub.1 is carboxylic acid or an alkali metal salt carboxylate, sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt sulfonate; Y is hydrogen or an alkali metal; Z is hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or --CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M; and M is hydrogen or an alkali metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aminoarylsulfonic acid-phenol-formaldehyde condensate useful for incorporation into cementing compositions, for example, mortar, cement paste and the like, for improving slumping characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of retarding the set of residual concrete in a concrete holding vessel comprising uniformly directing an aqueous solution containing an effective amount of a set retarding agent against the residual concrete on the inner surface of said concrete holding vessel with sufficient pressure to retard concrete set with less than about 3 gallons of aqueous solution per every 10 lbs. of residual concrete. The present invention also relates to an apparatus which utilizes a minimal amount of wash water.

Abstract: Shaped articles with a coherent matrix which comprises homogeneously arranged inorganic solid particles (A) of a size of from about 50 .ANG. to about 0.5 micron, such as silica dust particles, and densely packed solid particles (B) having a size of the order of 0.5-100 micron and being at least one order of magnitude larger than the respective particles A, such as Portland cement particles, the particles A being homogeneously distributed, especially densely packed, in the void volume between the particles B, are made from an easily flowable composite material containing a very low amount of liquid and an extremely high amount of a dispersing agent, such as a concrete superplasticiser.

Abstract: A concrete composition contains hydraulic cement, inerts, water and superfluidifying additive obtained by salifying, in the form of an alkaline metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salt, the sulphonated and oxidised products resulting from the reaction between sulphur trioxide and fuel oil deriving from steam cracking. This concrete composition has improved workability characteristics and enables concretes to be obtained generally possessing greater strength and durability.

Abstract: Method and compositions for the stabilization (prevention of hardening) of concrete residues in Ready-Mix truck drums.

Abstract: A chloride-free admixture for use as a cold weather (e.g., 13.degree. F. to 40.degree. F.) concrete set accelerator. The admixtures comprise;1) at least one soluble inorganic salt having freezing point depressant properties,2) at least one water reducing dispersant, e.g., superplasticizer,3) at least one inorganic early set and strength accelerator, and optionally,4) at least one inorganic set accelerator.

Abstract: An additive for roller compacted concrete pavement which controls the heat of hydration, prevents the reduction of packing of the pavement and prevents thermal cracking of the dried end product. The additive is a hydrolyzable tannin compound used alone or in conjunction with a surface active agent.

Abstract: A method for milling Portland clinker for the production of gypsumless Portland cements is provided. The method comprises milling the Portland clinker in the presence of 0.01 to 0.05 weight % of a synthetic, organic, surface-active substance with wetting properties that is stable in an alkaline medium of pH 9-12, with the exception of the triethanolamide of dodecylbenzylsulphonic acid, to produce gypsumless Portland cements with specific surfaces of 350-750 m.sup.2 /kg.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aminoarylsulfonic acid-phenol-formaldehyde condensate and concrete admixture comprising the same for incorporation in cementing compositions, for example, mortar, cement paste and the like, for improving slumping characteristics.

Abstract: Fluidizing property is provided to a hyraulic cement composition by adding a cement dispersion agent to the composition by 0.01-2 weight % with respect to its solid cement component. The cement dispersion agent contains a water-soluble vinyl copolymer which is obtainable by copolymerization of at least first monomer shown by Formula A given below, second monomer shown by Formula B given below and third monomer shown by Formula C given below at copolymerization rate of 10-50/3-25/80-40 by weight: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.5 is alkyl group with 1-3 carbon atoms, M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are alkali metal, alkali earth metal, ammonium or organic amine, and n is an integer in the range 5-25. Such a dispersion agent is produced by aqueous solution polymerization of monomers of these kinds at a weight ratio within the range given above in the presence of a radical polymerization initiating agent.