Abstract: A feeder system for measuring and controlling the massed feed rate of particulate fuel material, such as coal particles, made up of a group of volumetric feeders and a gravimetric feeder coupled to the group of volumetric feeders. The system controls the fuel feed rate of the volumetric feeders based upon data communicated from the gravimetric feeder.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the injection quantity of pulverized coal by measuring the flow rate of the pulverized coal in a conveying pipe, through which the pulverized coal is injected into tuyeres of a blast furnace, in order to regulate the opening of a valve installed between a feed tank and the conveying pipe based on the measured flow rate, and also by regulating the internal pressure of the feed tank so as to maintain the difference in the internal pressure between the feed tank and the conveying pipe within a predetermined range. The thus configured apparatus provides rapid-response and high-accuracy in control, wide-range controllability, and allows to control the injection quantity of the pulverized coal even when supplying the pulverized coal to the feed tank.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for combustion of carbon black enriched gaseous hydrocarbon fuels in which carbon black particles are entrained in a carrier fluid and injected through a center nozzle of a fluid injector into a combustion chamber, the fluid injector having an outer nozzle concentrically disposed around the center nozzle forming an annular chamber between the center nozzle and the outer nozzle through which at least a first portion of a gaseous hydrocarbon fuel is injected into a combustion chamber forming a carbon black enriched gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The carbon black enriched gaseous hydrocarbon fuel is subsequently mixed with combustion air and burned producing a highly luminous flame.

Abstract: A hazardous waste incinerator (100) includes a rotary kiln (120) with a helical flight (250) within. The kiln (120) is fed hazardous waste by either a continuous feed system (164) or a positive feed system (162). The kiln (120) is comprised of six retort sections (202, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210). The combusted waste is separated into ash and recoverable metals. The air flow is counter to the flow of waste through the kiln (120), with exhaust gases vented from the kiln entrance. Fugitive emissions are also contained by shrouds (164, 166) and containment building (160). These exhaust gases pass through the secondary combustor (130) to ensure destruction of any principle organic hazardous constituents. The exhaust gases are then treated in a spray dryer (140) to cool it and neutralize any acidic components. A baghouse (150) then removes any remaining particulate matter before the exhaust exits the stack (156).

Abstract: The combustion of fuel having a highly fluctuating thermal value is controlled to permit optimization of air supply and reduction of waste gas impurities. The fuel passes through a combustion chamber having a degassing and evaporation zone, a primary combustion zone, and a secondary combustion zone. Measurements are taken in the evaporation and degassification zone to determine the thermal value of the fuel. This is done by detecting the intensity of H.sub.2 O and/or CO.sub.2 spectra emanating from the fuel. The measurement results are utilized to optimize the combustion parameters. Such measurements are also made in the following zones in order to provide further control of the combustion process.

Abstract: The combustion of fuel having a highly fluctuating thermal value is controlled to permit optimization of air supply and reduction of waste gas impurities. The fuel passes through a combustion chamber having a degassing and evaporation zone, a primary combustion zone, and a secondary combustion zone. Measurements are taken in the evaporation and degassification zone to determine the thermal value of the fuel. This is done by detecting the intensity of H.sub.2 O and/or CO.sub.2 spectra emanating from the fuel. The measurement results are utilized to optimize the combustion parameters. Such measurements are also made in the following zones in order to provide further control of the combustion process.

Abstract: A calorimetry system for measurement of the heating value of coal, having a combustor 24 and a mixing unit 30 wherein heat from combustion gases is transferred to air. The system has a gravimetric feeder 64 for providing coal at a measured mass feed rate; the coal including any moisture present therein. The coal is pulverized in an air-driven mill or pulverizer 14 which is fed coal from the feeder and is separated by a cyclone separator 16 into two streams; one carrying coal and air mixed together in a controlled ratio to the combustor. The air which drives the separator, together with fines of the coal and moisture is fed to an afterburner 26 of the combustor so that the thermal dynamics of the entire coal stream is involved in the heating value measurement.

Abstract: Fine particulate solid fuel is utilized in the calcining or uniflow shaft of a uniflow regenerative shaft furnace having outlet openings of fuel lances of the furnace arranged with a uniform distribution over the cross-section of the furnace shaft in a horizontal plane between the preheating zone and the calcining zone of the furnace. The fuel feed is maintained constant with time by a dosing system through which fuel is supplied through feed lines to the fuel lances. Due to the uniform distribution of solid fuel which is accomplished, a calcined material is obtained which has a quality comparable to that which may be achieved through calcining with gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the metered introduction of fine-grain materials, particularly pulverulent solid substances (i.e., coal dust) from a pressurized metering container which contains a supply of solid material, into an industrial furnace having a plurality of feed locations such as a blast furnace or cupola furnace is presented. The solid material is fed to the individual feed locations in a carrier gas stream through a conveying duct, the gas stream being highly charged with the solid material. The carrier gas is fed to the lower end section of the metering container in a flow which causes a local loosening in the lower section of the supply of solid material with the conveying ducts opening into the loosening region. The apparatus includes a metering container, which is designed as a pressure vessel and which is adapted to be filled at its upper end section with solid material to be fed to the furnace. The metering container includes at its lower end section a plurality of upwardly open chambers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling moisture content of a solid, such as pulverized coal, conveyed to a reactor, such as a gasifier, by controlling the temperature of a gas injected into a pulverizer or dryer based on the moisture content control of the coal transported to the gasifier.

Abstract: It is provided as shown in the drawing with a waste gas guiding duct, a rotating duct, an inserting duct, a connecting duct, a stationary duct, and a branch tube including a feed chute and a gas exhaust duct, and is adapted to preheat a main raw material consisting of direct reduced iron or small lumps of pig iron, or of auxiliary raw materials consisting of ferro-alloy and quick lime by utilizing the waste heat of a waste gas generated in a steel making furnace, weighing the total raw materials, and charging these raw materials into the electric furnace. This enables the energy to be utilized efficiently, and the quality and productivity to be improved.

Abstract: The invention comprises a coal-fired burner system for use in a drum mix asphalt plant or drum dryer used for producing asphalt paving composition. Coal to fire the burner is ground to a -200 mesh size by an air-swept rotary impact mill, and a classifier at the exit from the mill controls the size of the particles leaving the mill. The pulverized coal particles are recovered from the exhaust airflow exiting the mill by a fiber filter collector and temporarily stored in a small surge bin. Coal is metered from the surge bin into a primary air conduit leading to the burner. The availability of a small but ready supply of coal in the surge bin provides quick response to a need for increased coal while avoiding the dangerous storage of large quantities of pulverized coal dust. As the weight of coal dust in the surge bin decreases, control circuitry provides for the processing of additional coal to maintain a ready supply of processed coal in the surge bin.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for delivering carbon i.e., coal dust, to be combusted in a furnace is presented. The furnace is of the type having plural combustion points and may include a shaft furnace such as, for example, a blast or cupola furnace. The carbon dust is delivered in dosed quantities to each of the individual combustion points in a separate air stream which is under a predetermined pressure. The carbon (coal dust)/carrier gas (air) is delivered to each combustion point in the furnace at super critical speed, i.e., the speed of sound, the carrier gas having a relatively high proportion of solid material therein. The actual quantity of carbon material delivered to each combustion point is directly detected and monitored as a consequence of volumetric measurement and is appropriately corrected by means of a secondary air supply when the carbon quantity either exceeds or falls below a predetermined nominal value.

Abstract: A furnace for wood log fuel having apparatus which automatically inserts the logs into the furnace combustion chamber. The log fuel is retained in a sloping ramp storage compartment. Electrical circuitry controlled by a thermostat operates to move a log into an elongated chamber from which a motor driven injector pushes the log into the combustion chamber through a doorway covered by a flexible, segmented flap covering and also a door which is pushed open by the advancing log. The presence of the log on a spring mounted grate operates certain switches to return the injection mechanism to its ready condition and also to operate a fan which provides combustion air to the combustion chamber. The reduced weight on the grate by the consumption of the log by the fire permits the grate to move to a position to re-initiate the log injection cycle.

Abstract: This invention concerns an automatic feed device for a solid-fuel boiler, specifically for logs of wood. The subject of the invention is an automatic feed device for a solid-fuel boiler, specifically for logs of wood, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a loader (6, 6') having means (19, 66) for receiving a load of fuel (2) to be introduced into the boiler (1) and movable between a loading point for the said load and a point of dumping at the interior of the firebox of the boiler, means (24, 26) for moving the loader, means (29, 30) for controlling the opening of the door (4) of the boiler, means (36, 37) for controlling the dumping of the fuel (2) into the firebox at the end of the course of the loader, and means (44, 58) for detecting the state of combustion at the front of the grate (3) of the boiler, and for controlling the means for moving the loader.

Abstract: A device for continuous, gravimetric metering and pneumatic conveying of pourable material provides that a material stream is conveyed over a measuring path while charging a load measuring device and the product of moment load and conveying speed is formed. The conveyor is in the form of a rotor having an essentially vertical axis and conveyor pockets in the form of chambers or cells which are moved with the rotor in a circular orbit over the measuring path. A housing surrounds the rotor in a pressure tight manner and includes a charging aperture and an emptying aperture which are rotationally displaced from one another. A load measuring device is connected to the housing and a tachometer is provided for measuring the angular velocity of the rotor. A pneumatic conveying system is provided which has feed lines respectively communicating with an air feed aperture in the housing and the emptying aperture.

Abstract: The specification discloses a grate replacement kit for a solid fuel burning firebox. The kit includes an extendable grate, adaptable to a variety of different size fireboxes, and a scale to be mounted on the outside of the firebox. Further included is a hinge assembly for pivotally mounting one end of the grate to the firebox with the opposite end of the grate operatively supported by the scale. The scale is responsive to the weight of the grate and any fuel supported thereon to indicate when restoking is required to prevent the fire from burning out. Preferably, a signal device responsive to the scale is included to emit a signal in a location remote from the firebox when additional wood is required.

Abstract: A detachable fuel feeder device for use with wood stoves is disclosed comprising an inclined fuel storage chamber adapted for alignment with the door opening of the wood stove, a dog clamp for detachably mounting the chamber to the wood stove, a door pivotally mounted to the storage chamber, a releasable catch selectively holding the door to close off the storage chamber, and a sensor to sense the amount of combusting wood fuel in the combustion chamber of the wood stove and being operationally connected to the catch to actuate the catch upon sensing a predetermined amount of combusting wood fuel. Alternative sensors are disclosed for sensing the height of combusting fuel, the weight of combusting fuel and a predetermined amount of heat.An alternate embodiment discloses a generally horizontal fuel storage chamber having a spring-loaded pusher element for injecting wood fuel into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A system for generating a dry coal weight signal is provided, wherein the moisture content of a coal feed to a solid fuel burner is determined, and the dry coal weight calculated on that basis. Moisture content is determined by measuring density of the coal being fed and/or the torque required to drive a head pulley about which the belt feeding the coal is led at a constant velocity. The dry coal weight signal can be communicated to the drive means, whereby the belt speed is accelerated or decelerated to maintain a constant supply of coal, on a dry weight basis, to the boiler. Also disclosed is a control system employing the dry coal weight signal for a plurality of control functions.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are described for collection of gases and particulates which arise during the feeding of an electric furnace, especially in the manufacture of phosphorus. The collection system for the gases and particulates includes novel explosion panels which are employed in an enclosure that contains the gases and particulates, and the use of such panels also in the ductwork and filter units that conveys and treats the gases and particulates from the enclosure. A further treating system also prevents moisture in the gases and particulates from clogging the filters used to separate the particulates from the gases. Also described is a novel furnace feeding system that can be used in cooperation with the gas and particulate collection system.

Abstract: Supplying a fuel to a plurality of burners of a heating installation is performed by individually dosing a fuel by dosing elements to a plurality of burners with an excessive available amount of the fuel, withdrawing an unused amount of the fuel from the dosing elements, determining a difference between the available amount and the unused amount of the fuel to obtain an actual consumed amount of the fuel, comparing the thus obtained actual consumed amount of the fuel with the desired consumption amount of the fuel, and controlling the dosing of the fuel to each of the burner in dependence upon the results of the comparing steps.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for feeding pulverized solid fuel to one or more burners of a kiln in which batches of the pulverized fuel are weighed and metered into air conduits at a rate controlled by the weight of the batch for the supply of an air-fuel mixture to the burners.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel level indicator for a heating unit, such as a stove or furnace. In particular, the invention relates to an indicator for a wood burning heating unit with a grate which is slightly elevated when there is insufficient wood causing an electrical signal which may be used with a light or buzzer to indicate the need for fuel or with a conveyor automatically to feed fuel into the heating unit.

Abstract: A feeding system for a starved-air combustor which enables the batch feeding of preselected weights of fuel into a combustion chamber of the starved-air combustor. The feeding system also blocks the entry of ambient air into the combustion chamber during the feeding of fuel to the chamber and can control the feeding of fuel into the combustion chamber in response to the orientation of a fuel-conveying auger in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An improved burning system for automatically controllably charging a wood-waste burning steam boiler utilizes a fuel bin unloader having a gravity fed screw metering device for feeding fuel into the system in response to steam demand and pollution output feedback signals. The metering device deposits fuel through a rotary air lock into an air stream of a fuel injection fan having a vortex controller on the inlet side to modulate and maintain a proper fuel-air ratio for wood firing. The fan injects the fuel and air into the boiler through a controlled proportioning valve. All controls and recording devices are contained in one control unit for operating each component of the system to achieve and maintain a proper fuel-air ratio according to received steam demand and pollution output feedback signals.