Abstract: A mobile trash incineration apparatus that can receive a large amount of trash while fully containing the incineration process. In particular, the apparatus can include a container or housing having one or more support bars located at the lower region of the container, and a meshed screen supported by the one or more support bars. Further, the container can include a first door and second door secured to the one or more support bars, wherein the first and second door are pivotable about an axis. In addition, a first latch can be secured to the first door, and a second latch secured to the second door, wherein the first door and second door can be configured to release debris or ashes from the container after an incineration process.

Abstract: One virtual environment hunting system includes a platform, a wall surrounding the platform, a projector system configured to apply images to the wall, and at least one processor. The wall is separated from the platform by a floor, defines an opening above the platform, and is configured such that all bullets fired to the wall from a shooter on the platform reflect into the floor. Programming causes the processor to: (a) actuate the projector system to apply images to the wall to represent an environment; (b) determine a trajectory of a fired bullet using data from at least one housing sensor and at least one shooter sensor; (c) determine how the trajectory of the fired bullets interacts with the represented environment; and (d) actuate the projector system to update the images applied to the wall to account for the trajectory of the fired bullets.

Abstract: Apparatus for separating ash particles from a flue gas. The apparatus includes a screen that has a plurality of semi-elliptical cylinder surfaces. The semi-elliptical cylinder surfaces having holes through which said flue gas flows and through which the ash particles will not pass. The screen has a single layer for performing the separation in a manner such that the ash particles fall away from the screen and collect outside of the screen. A method of reducing velocity of a flue gas passing through screening apparatus for separating flue gas from ash particles. The method includes replacing a first screen of the screening apparatus with a second screen that has a plurality of semi-elliptical cylinder surfaces.

Abstract: A carbon monoxide (CO) boiler or steam generator having a water cooled CO boiler floor with screen gas distribution inlet to enhance distribution of CO gas in a CO boiler. Either the front or rear wall tubes of the steam generator form an integral screen and the tubes continue, forming a membraned, gas tight enclosure. The floor has a “knee” to redirect the incoming waste CO gas up into the integral screen. The screen may be provided with tube erosion shields to prevent erosion of the screen tubes and to control the distribution of waste gas across the plan area of the furnace.

Abstract: In one aspect, a combustion system is configured to facilitate preventing the formation of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and decrease a concentration of at least one of vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles in an exhaust. The combustion system includes a vanadium-containing fuel supply and a combustor. The combustor is configured to generate a combustor exhaust gas including vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and/or vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles and to combust a reduced-oxygen mixture including the vanadium-containing fuel, ambient air, and a portion of the combustor exhaust gas. The combustion system also includes a particle separator configured to remove substantially all of the V2O3 and/or V2O4 particles from the combustor exhaust gas. A method for combusting fuel and a power generation system are also provided.

Abstract: A dust discharging system for a blast furnace includes a dust collector for collecting flue dust from flue gas produced from the blast furnace, a first discharge conduit connected to the dust collector, a separator connected to the first discharge conduit for separating residual flue gas present in the flue dust, and an airtight tank disposed below the first discharge conduit to receive the flue dust in a dry state separated from the residual flue gas.

Abstract: An improved Exhaust Intake Bonnet (EIB) for an Advanced Maritime Emissions Control System (AMECS) includes a ribbed frame lowered and then drawn around a stack of an Ocean Going Vessel (OGV), and a shroud unfurled over the ribbed frame. The ribbed frame has a more flexible structure to better conform to rectangular and oval stacks. The bonnet includes a peak with a duct for receiving exhaust gasses captured by the shroud. The bonnet is positioned over the stack using a deployment arm. A duct carries exhaust from the stack to an Advanced Maritime Emissions Control Unit (AMECU) where the exhaust gasses are processed before releasing to the air. The AMECU) may reside on a ship, a barge, a trailer next to a docked OGV, or be a stationary AMECU) on a dock.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus includes: a combustion device operable to produce flue gas having large particulate ash entrained therein; an outlet duct coupled in flow communication with the combustion device so as to receive the flue gas; a screen positioned at least partially in the outlet duct downstream of the combustion device, the screen effective to trap large particulate ash while permitting flow of the flue gas therethrough; and apparatus operable to remove large particulate ash from the screen while at least a portion of the screen remains inside the duct.

Abstract: A plant for purifying the flue gases from a furnace, in particular from a rotary cement kiln, has at least one selective reduction catalyst for reducing nitrogen oxides present in the flue gas, optionally introduction of a reducing agent and a dust filter or precipitation system. The dust precipitation system is formed by at least one first and one second filter apparatus. The reduction catalyst is arranged between the first and second filter apparatuses.

Abstract: A method of reducing particulate matter and mercury emissions in a combustion flue gas includes, in an exemplary embodiment, combusting a fuel resulting in generation a flue gas flow, cooling the flue gas flow within a duct, positioning a flow conditioning apparatus within the duct, enhancing a reaction rate of the mercury and carbon-containing fly ash particles by directing the flue gas flow through the flow conditioning apparatus to mix the carbon-containing fly ash particles and mercury within the flue gas flow and to facilitate at least one of oxidation of the mercury and binding the mercury to the carbon-containing fly ash particles, collecting a portion of the carbon-containing fly ash particles in the flow conditioning apparatus, and directing the flue gas flow to a particulate collection device to remove the remaining portion of the fly ash particles from flue gas flow.

Abstract: An Advanced Maritime Emissions Control System (AMECS) includes several Exhaust Intake Bonnets (EIBs) of different size and/or shape, an Emissions Capture System (ECS), and an Advanced Maritime Emissions Control Unit (AMECU) mounted on an Unpowered Seagoing Barge (USB). The EIB includes a cage formed by downward curved ribs, a shroud which is lowerable to cover the ribs, a belt near a lower edge of the EIB for retaining and sealing the EIB to a stack, and a mechanism for tightening the lower edge of the EIB (and thus the belt) around the stack. The ECS lifts one of the several EIBs onto the stack of an Ocean Going Vessel (OGV). Exhaust from the stack is drawn through a large diameter duct to the AMECU. The AMECU processes the exhaust through multiple treatment stages. The stages include pre conditioning the exhaust, oxidizing, reducing, polishing, and precipitating.

Abstract: A protective device may be attached to a portable incineration apparatus, or used over an open pit. The protection device may be a screen constructed of a stainless steel mesh. The screen is laid across the open top of the portable incineration apparatus or the top of the open pit. The screen forms a seal between the top portion of the walls of the incineration apparatus, or of the pit, and the portion of the screen that engages the top portion of the walls. Thereby, smoke, ashes and-embers are limited, or even prevented from escaping from the incineration apparatus or the open pit.

Abstract: A coal-fired power station is provided and has a boiler that is heatable by dry firing, a catalytic converter for reducing an NOx level, a flue gas channel that adjoins the boiler and leads to the catalytic converter, and a coarse ash separator disposed upstream of the catalytic converter in a section of the flue gas channel, which includes a sieve that extends essentially over an entire cross-sectional area thereof. The sieve is adapted to be deflected out of a position of rest by a flue gas stream and against the effect of a restoring force, and/or the sieve forms folds that are directed in an upstream direction relative to a flue gas stream and extend essentially parallel to one another.

Abstract: A container for burning refuse including yard waste, household waste and the like. The container has a cylindrical portion that defines a burning chamber. The cylindrical portion includes a plurality of ventilation apertures and inwardly protruding flanges. The container also includes a cover supportable by the cylindrical portion to open and close the burning chamber. A pair of cross braces extends across a lower portion of the burning chamber to partially support the burnable refuse. During burning of the refuse, the flanges prevent the refuse from collecting along the inner walls of the burning chamber and define air flow passageways to improve air circulation through the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an incinerator with a ceramics filter for incinerating raw refuse, general garbage, expanded polystyrene and others generated from a manufacturing plant, a wholesale market, a general firm, a general retail store, a general house and others. According to the present invention, air intakes having a check valve provided thereto are formed to right and left lower portions of an incinerator; an oast is set in a combustion chamber; a tabular ceramics filter for removing a harmful substance is attached to the upper portion of the oast; and a suction port is formed to the upper portion of the tabular ceramics filter.

Abstract: A device for enabling oil spill waste materials to be incinerated in situ is provided. More specifically, the invention comprises an incinerator for reducing to ashes, used oil spill sorbent pads, oilsocks, and other materials employed in cleaning up oil spills. The device consists essentially of a stainless steel drum lid and flue secured thereto, with a dome screen mounted on the flue. The outlet of a stainless steel tube is formed into a spiral coil and deployed in the flue with the end thereof turned downward into the drum to cause a continuous circulating action in the drum which action provides fast, complete or substantially complete combustion of the materials with little pollution and leaving a residue of only a few inches of ashes. The device is carried on a hand truck and the blower motor is contained in a housing which is fastened to the hand truck.

Abstract: A furnace comprises an enclosure, a hearth plate within the enclosure for supporting combustible material, a first heater element adjacent the hearth plate for initial combustion of the combustible material, a filter disposed above the hearth plate for filtering uncombusted products of combustion of the combustible material, and a second heater element adjacent the filter for final combustion of the uncombusted products of combustion filtered by the filter. A controller controls the first and second heater elements independently.

Abstract: A treatment system is provided which can treat solid materials and/or liquid materials. Preferably, a separator initially separates liquid and solid materials, and the solid materials are deposited upon a substrate within a microwave cavity. Liquids remaining with the solid materials drain through the substrate, and the solid materials are subjected to microwaves. The liquids exiting the separator are preferably also passed through a filter assembly which retains any suspended particles remaining in the liquid, and subjects the particles to microwaves. Exhaust filters can also be provided for the microwave cavities, and the exhaust filters can also be subject to microwaves to incinerate any particles remaining in the exhaust gas. Fire tube arrangements for incinerating solid materials retained or extracted by substrates or filters are also provided.

Abstract: A furnace comprises an enclosure, a hearth plate within the enclosure for supporting combustible material, a first heater element adjacent the hearth plate for initial combustion of the combustible material, a filter disposed above the hearth plate for filtering uncombusted products of combustion of the combustible material, and a second heater element adjacent the filter for final combustion of the uncombusted products of combustion filtered by the filter. A controller controls the first and second heater elements independently.

Abstract: A method for the simultaneous control of SO.sub.2, NO.sub.x, HCl, air toxins, metal fumes, and particulate emissions (ash, soot, metal oxides) from fossil fuel burning combustion processes is provided by injecting a sorbent upstream of a filter in the furnace and collecting sorbent and particulates in the filter. Collecting the sorbent in the filter increases its residence time in the process. The sorbent is injected in the post-flame region of a furnace, where it reacts with the SO.sub.2, the NO.sub.x, the HCl, and the air toxics in the effluent gas. A surface filter that can withstand temperatures of approximately 1000.degree. C. is mounted, either fixedly or rotatably, in the furnace downstream of the sorbent injection region. The gas flows through the filter, and the sorbent and other particulates become embedded in the surface layer of the filter.

Abstract: A system for removing airborne contaminants from the effluent air streams om spray paint booths and the like. The system includes a rectangular shaped underground pool having pool of water positioned below the work area. The underground pool has a plurality of suction pipes which are uniformly distributed throughout the pool at a distance of between one and two inches above the pool of water. The suction pipes terminate in a plenum located adjacent the underground pool. A gas turbine engine which is connected to the plenum is used to draw air including airborne contaminants into the plenum from the work area. Solid airborne contaminants such as droplets of water soluble paint, sand and the like will fall into the pool of water. Lighter airborne contaminants, such as gaseous toxins are drawn through the gas turbine type engine into a after-burning incinerator.

Abstract: This invention discloses a filter-and-fan assembly that can be installed into new fireplaces or retrofitted into existing fireplaces, for filtering dust and smoke out of the hot exhaust gases that are created when wood is burned in fireplaces. This filter assembly is provided with a mechanism that can move the filter out of the flue channel (i.e., the chimney or other exhaust outlet) if the filter becomes clogged by creosote and/or smoke particles. If desired, the mechanism that moves the filter out of the flue path can be automated under the control of a device such as an electronic smoke detector mounted in front of the fireplace, above the fireplace opening. Alternately, a thin filter-paper type of filtering element can be continuously scrolled through the flue channel. A rotating fan blade can be provided directly above the filter element, to ensure that exhaust gases are actively drawn up through the filter.

Abstract: A furnace comprises an enclosure, a hearth plate within the enclosure for supporting combustible material, a first heater element adjacent the hearth plate for initial combustion of the combustible material, a filter disposed above the hearth plate for filtering uncombusted products of combustion of the combustible material, and a second heater element adjacent the filter for final combustion of the uncombusted products of combustion filtered by the filter. A controller controls the first and second heater elements independently.

Abstract: An inexpensive trash incinerator having a primary burn chamber and an after burner which includes a spark arrestor. The after burner is a stack which rests on top of the primary burn chamber and it includes an opening in its lower end for admitting fresh air into the after burner.

Abstract: Carbon particulate concentration of diesel exhaust or other sampled gas is measured by collecting the particulate on a high efficiency filter while measuring the amount of sampled gas passing through the filter. The filtered particulate is then heated in an oxygen rich environment to oxidize carbon within the particulate to carbon dioxide. The amount of resulting carbon dioxide is measured with a closed measurement loop to derive a corresponding measurement of the amount of filtered particulate. Particulate concentration is calculated by comparing the amount of carbon particulate with the measured amount of sampled gas passed through the filter. Filtered particulate can be heated incrementally to obtain a measurement of volatile carbon components within the particulate prior to the oxidation of the non-volatile carbon component.

Abstract: Carbon particulate concentration of diesel exhaust or other sampled gas is measured by collecting the particulate on a high efficiency filter while measuring the amount of sampled gas passing through the filter. The filtered particulate is then heated in an oxygen rich environment to oxidize carbon within the particulate to carbon dioxide. The amount of resulting carbon dioxide is measured with a closed measurement loop to derive a corresponding measurement of the amount of filtered particulate. Particulate concentration is calculated by comparing the amount of carbon particulate with the measured amount of sampled gas passed through the filter. Filtered particulate can be heated incrementally to obtain a measurement of volatile carbon components within the particulate prior to the oxidation of the non-volatile carbon component.

Abstract: Particulate concentration of diesel exhaust is measured by collecting the diesel particulate on a filter while measuring the amount of exhaust passing through the filter. The filtered particlate is then heated in an oxygen rich enviroment to oxidize carbon within the particulate to carbon dioxide. The amount of resulting carbon dioxide is measured to derive a corresponding measurement of the amount of filterd particulate. Particulate concentration is calculated by comparing the amount of particulate with the measured amount of exhaust passed through the filter. Filtered particulate can be heated incrementally to obtain a measurement of volatile components within the particulate prior to the oxidation of the non-volatile carbon component. The filter employed to collect the particulate is of a high temperature resistant type making it reusable and can be either integral with or inserted into the oxidation chamber of the instrument.

Abstract: A method for removing particulates from a gas is described incorporating an electrostatic precipitator and a barrier filter in series, i.e. baghouse, downstream of the electrostatic precipitator. The series arrangement enables the barrier filter to operate at significantly higher filtration velocities than normal 4.06-20.32 cm/s (8-40 ft/min) versus 0.76-2.54 cm/s (1.5-5 ft/min) and reduces the size of the barrier filter significantly. The invention overcomes the problem of the sensitivity of electrostatic precipitator particulate collection efficiency to variations in particulate and flue gas properties and the alternative of having to substitute the electrostatic precipitator with large barrier filters in which its use would be prohibited by cost and space considerations.

Abstract: A method for collecting condensate includes filling a cylindrical container with a column of coarse sand and mounting the container coaxially to the output end of a furnace conduit through which heated gases containing sublimate will pass. A layer of gas permeable material holds sand in position and an aperture in its center assists in directing gases generally to the center of the sand column. The sand column is spaced away from the furnace a distance such that the temperature differential will cause condensation of the heated gases on the surfaces of the sand particles.

Abstract: An incineration equipment for removing organic substances from various parts of an extruder in a plastics forming machine, has a combustion chamber formed in the upper portion of a heating furnace accommodating a fluidized-bed consisting of refractory particles therein, into which furnace the various parts are to be thrown, and a burning system for heating the fluidized-bed and also for causing gaseous decomposed polymers produced by thermal decomposition of the organic substances and mixed with air fed from the bottom of the furnace through a porous dispersion plate to burn in the combustion chamber. This burning system connects through a single directional control valve with a fuel tank and an air tank, and it comprises a burner having its tip end opened in the combustion chamber, and a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature in the furnace and outputting an operation signal for actuating the directional control valve in accordance with the sensed furnace temperature.

Abstract: The flue gases, which are generated in a combustion chamber through combustion of solid fuels, particularly under increased pressure, are cleared of dust in a dust removal device which consists of a plurality of tubular ceramic filter elements open at one side. These filter elements are suspended in a plate, which represents the ceiling of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gas-permeable thermal insulator comprising a porous ceramic body of a three-dimensional reticulate structure having interconnected open cells is adapted to be installed in a heating oven or radiant tube so that exhaust gas passes through the insulator to exit the oven or tube while the waste heat of the gas is effectively recovered for reuse. The porous ceramic body is characterized by a bulk specific gravity of 0.25-0.6, an average pore diameter of 0.2-10 mm, a porosity of 75-95%, and an air pressure drop of 0.1-40 mm in water column when air passes through the body over a thickness of 1 cm at a velocity of 1 m/sec.

Abstract: A system including a method and apparatus for incinerating toxic and non-toxic waste materials. The system involves the use of a pre-treatment agent which is capable of insuring flowability in the waste materials to be incinerated. The agent is mixed with the material and then introduced to a rotary kiln which is fired to a temperature such that incineration of the material will occur by providing a satisfactory rate of material flow through the kiln. The kiln includes a rotary scoop feeder which is utilized for introducing the mixture of material and agent into a hot zone of the kiln. An afterburner may be utilized for decomposing materials such as hazardous organic wastes, and the output of the apparatus may be associated with a baghouse.

Abstract: A protective spark eliminating system for removing burning particulates from flue gases prior to introducing the gases into a filter baghouse. The protective system includes a housing enclosing a separating chamber having a gas inlet in the side of the housing for directing a stream of flue gases into the housing, and a gas outlet in the top of the housing for conducting the flue gas stream out of the chamber. To effect separation and removal of the burning particulates from the gas stream, the housing is provided with a secondary gas system which is adapted to maintain a downwardly flowing curtain of gas across the width of the flue gas inlet to direct the burning particulates in the flue gases downwardly into a hopper at the base of the housing as the flue gases enter the chamber.

Abstract: A filter for removing dust and solid particles from a gaseous fluid, such as air, comprises a case having opposite side walls which are symmetrical about a vertical plane. In each side wall there are inlet openings which open into inlet passages defined by inclined baffles which slope inwardly and upwardly to the outer face of filter material contained in the case and having spaced portions, one against each side wall of the case, with a cavity between them in communication with an outlet at the bottom of the case. Air first flows through those sections of the filter material providing the shorter paths defined by the baffles in flowing from the inlet openings to the outlet. As those sections become clogged with dust particles, air flows through adjacent sections so that the useful life of the filter is extended.

Abstract: A multiple pressure boiler is disclosed having a plurality of boiler sections, each section operating at a successively lower temperature and lower pressure than the preceding section. The intake air for the firebox is heated by the flue gases, then superheated by the steam, to provide heated air for combustion, and the steam from the highest pressure section is superheated by the flue gases prior to its being used in a steam turbine or other steam engine. The fuel for the firebox is heated initially by being used as the coolant for a steam condenser, and is superheated by superheated steam from the heat exchanger. It is contemplated that a sufficient quantity of heat will be removed from the flue gases that the solids will precipitate out, and the gas will be substantially at ambient temperature.